Car maintenance provides for the use of only those oils and greases that are recommended by the car factory.

The service life of a car largely depends on the timely and high-quality performance of the lubrication operation, as well as on the types, quality and purity of the oils used.

The use of oils with additives for linear motors increases the service life of the oils (in terms of vehicle mileage) by about 1.5 times. The use of oils without additives for V-engines is not allowed.

It is imperative that all instructions for lubricating vehicles are followed exactly. The use of oils and greases not listed in the table, as well as violation of the lubrication terms, are not allowed. In the lubrication tables, along with the base oil, the names of the substitute oils are given. The use of substitutes reduces the durability of the units, and also increases the labor costs for their replacement, since their service life in the units is shorter.

Lubrication of cars must be carried out during maintenance (TO-1 and TO-2) in accordance with the lubrication table.

It is necessary to drain the oil from the units when changing it immediately after stopping the car, when the units are warmed up. When draining the oil, you must

clean the drain plug magnets. It is impossible to fill cars with cold oil with a high viscosity. The oil must be warmed up before refueling.

Before lubricating vehicle units through grease fittings, it is necessary to thoroughly clean them of dirt, and after lubrication, it is necessary to remove all grease that has come out from the parts.

After a ford or long-term operation in water, it is necessary to check whether water has entered the units. If water is found in the engine or other units, it is necessary to drain the old oil and fill in a new one.

Table B.1 - Chemical chart of the ZIL-431410 vehicle and its modifications

Number in the picture	Mechanism name		Grease quantity		Note
The main	Duplicating	1100-2300km (TO-1)	5500-9200km (TO-2)	Other services
	Engine	Gasoline AI-80 GOST R51105-97	Gasoline A-76 GOST 2084-77					31 l / 100 km
1.1	Engine crankcase with oil cooler on		SAE-10, SAE-20 (at t from 0 to -12 ° С)		-	+	-
	Engine speed limiter sensor	М-8-В1, М-6z / 10-В1 GOST 17479.1-85	SAE-10, SAE-20	A few drops (1 point)	-
	Distributor:	М-8-В1, М-6z / 10-В1 GOST 17479.1-85	SAE-10, SAE-20	A few drops (3 points)	-	+	-
Continuation of table B.1
3.1-	Distributor drive roller	Grease 113С GOST 6267-74	Litol-24 GOST 21150-87	On demand (1 point)	-	+	-
	Engine air filter	М-8-В1, М-6z / 10-В1 GOST 17479.1-85	SAE-10, SAE-20	0.63l (1 point)	-	+	-	In dusty conditions, change the oil every other day
	Crankcase ventilation air filter	М-8-В1, М-6z / 10-В1 GOST 17479.1-85	SAE-10, SAE-20	0,07l (1 point)	-	+	-	Also
	Water pump bearings	Grease 113С GOST 6267-74	Litol-24 GOST 21150-87	0.215kg (1 point 14: 18a)	-	-	+
	Generator bearings	Grease 113С GOST 6267-74	Litol-24 GOST 21150-87	On demand (2 points)	-	-	+	After 75,000 km
	Clutch fork bushings	Solid oil C GOST 3333-80	Solid oil G GOST 3333-80	-//-	-	+	-	Fill in grease until fresh grease appears
-	Clutch pedal axle bushings	-//-	-//-	-//-	-	+	-	Also
Continuation of table B.1
	Carter gearbox	TM-3-18 (TAp-15V) In winter TM-4-18 (TSp-14); GOST 17479.2-85	TM-3-9 (TSp10); GOST 17479.2-85 SAE-80 at temperatures below 0 ° С SAE-90 at temperatures from 0 ° to 32 ° С SAE-140 at temperatures above 32 ° С	5.1 (1 point)	-	-	+
	Universal joint needle bearings	Grease 158C GOST 20421-75		On demand (3 points)	-	+	-
	Driveshaft splines	Grease 113С GOST 6267-74	- Litol-24 GOST 21150-87	0.20kg (1 point)	-	-	+	After 15000-27000 km of run, remove the splined bushing, remove the old grease and put in a new one
	Rear axle reducer housing	TM-3-18, TM-4-18 GOST 17479.2-85	TM-3-9 GOST 17479.2-85, SAE-90, SAE-140	4.5kg (1 point)	-	-	+	During TO-2, check the oil level, flush the breather air passages and add oil to the level of the control plug
Continuation of table B.1
	Intermediate support bearing cardan shaft	Grease 113С GOST 6267-74	- Litol-24 GOST 21150-87	0.04kg (1 point)	-	-	+	Lubricate after 2200-4600 km of run
	Power steering and steering mechanism	Oil brand "R" TU 38.101.179-71	Type A oil for automatic transmissions	2.75L (1 point)	+	-	-	When using a substitute oil, change the oil twice a year (in spring and autumn)
	Steering column propeller shaft joints	Grease 158C GOST 20421-75	CIATIM-201 grease GOST 6267-74	1.0-1.2 g each (2 points)	-	-	+
15.1	Steering arm driveshaft splines	Grease 113С GOST 6267-74	- Litol-24 GOST 21150-87	- // - (1 point)	-	-	+	Disassemble the shaft once a year, remove the old grease and lubricate the splines with fresh grease.
	Steering rod joint	Solid oil of any brand GOST 3333-80	-	- // - (4 points)	+	-	-	Lubricate the joints with a grease fitting.
	King pins steering knuckles	-//-	-	- // - (4 points)	+	-	-	Also
Continuation of table B.1
	Front and rear suspension pins	-//-	-	- // - (4 points)	+	-	-	Also
	Telescopic shock absorbers	Depreciation fluid АЖ-12Т GOST57388-78	-	0,41l (2 points)	-	-	+	Replacement after 25,000-30,000 km of run, but at least once a year
	Front axle wheel hub bearings	Grease 113С GOST 6267-74	- Litol-24 GOST 21150-87	0.5kg (2 points)	-	-	+	Change after 10,000-18,000 km.
20.1	Rear axle wheel bearings	Grease 113С GOST 6267-74	- Litol-24 GOST 21150-87	1.0kg (2 points)	-	-	+
	Worm gear pairs of wheel brake adjusting levers	Solid oil C GOST 3333-88	Solid oil GOST 3333-88	0.18kg (4 points)	-	-	+	Add grease after 10000-18000 km of run
	Expander shafts	Solid oil C GOST 3333-88	Solid oil GOST 3333-88	As required (6 points)	+	-	-
End of Table B.1
	Tow bar hook	Solid oil of any brand GOST 3333-88	-	The same (2 points)	+	-	-	Lubricate after 5000-9000 km of run
	Pawl shafts and towbar hook latches	М-8-В1, М-6z / 10-В1 GOST 17479.1-85	SAE-10, SAE-20	A few drops (2 points)	+	-	-	Also
	Door hinges	M-8-B1, M-8-V1, M-6z / 10-V1 GOST17479.1-85	SAE-10, SAE-20	On demand (4 points)	-	-	+	Lubricate after 2000 - 3600 km

Figure B. 1 Lubrication diagram of the ZIL-431410 car and its modifications

Table B.2 - Chemical chart of the UAZ-L512 vehicle and its modifications

Number in the picture	Mechanism name	The name of the operating materials (GOST, TU)	Grease quantity	Frequency of replacement of consumables	Note
The main	Duplicating	1100-2300km (TO-1)	5500-9200km (TO-2)	Other services
	Crankcase	All-weather М-8-В GOST 17479.1-85	M-6 Z / 10-V, (DV-ASZ P -10V, M-4 Z -8GRK	(1 point)	*	*	*
	Coolant pump bearing	Litol-24 GOST 21150-87	Litol-24RK (after 8000 km)	(1 point)				Add if necessary
	Engine cooling system with expansion tank	Antifreeze-A40M	Tosol-A65, "Lena-40", "Lena-65"	(1 point)	Change every three years or after running 60,000 km	Flush the system before changing the fluid. Check fluid level
Continued table B.2
	Steering joints	Litol-2 GOST 21150-874	Litol-24RK	(4 points)
	Engine oil filter	_	_	(1 point)				First oil filter change after 4000 km
	Battery terminals	Litol-24 GOST 21150-87	Litol-24RK	(2 points)	As needed	Protect leads from acid
	Front bearing input shaft Checkpoint	Litol-24 GOST 21150-87	Litol-24RK	(1 point)	As needed
	Clutch release bearing	Litol-24 GOST 21150-87	Litol-24RK	(1 point)		Squeeze out one full fill of the cap oiler
	Carter gearbox	TM-3-18 GOST 17479.2-85	TM-3-9 GOST 17479.2-85	(1 point)		Top up if necessary between replacements
	Gearbox control drive	Litol-24 GOST 21150-87	Litol-24RK	(3 points)				Lubricate through grease fittings
Continued table B.2
		TS P-15K, TAP-15V, TAD-17I	TS P -10 (only in the cold season)					Top up if necessary between replacements
	Carter final drive	(1 point)	Replacement during repair
	Towing device	Litol-24 GOST 21150-87	Litol-24RK	(1 point)		Lubricate latch pins as needed
	Expanding and adjusting mechanisms of the parking brake system	Litol-24 GOST 21150-87	Litol-24RK	(2 points)	Add on every withdrawal
	Front and rear springs	Graphite grease		(4 points)	Lubricate when a squeak appears	Lubricate the friction surfaces of the spring sheets
16,17	Front and rear propeller shafts	Litol-24 GOST 21150-87	Lita, Litol-24RK	(2 points)				Lubricate through grease fittings (3-5 strokes with a syringe)
Continued table B.2
	Steering wheel shaft bearings	Litol-24 GOST 21150-87	CIATIM-201 grease GOST 6267-74	(2 points)
19,20	Clutch master cylinder, master cylinder brake mechanisms	Liquids "Rosa", "Tom", "Neva"	Liquid 166 type DOT 3	(3 points)	Change once every two years	Mixing allowed		Mixing allowed
	Front and rear shock absorbers	Shock absorbing fluid АЖ-12Т	MGP-10	(4 points)	Change as needed and during disassembly
	Steering knuckle joints	Litol-24 GOST 21150-87	Litol-24RK	(2 points)				Lubricate through grease fittings until grease escapes through the upper sealing washers
End of Table B.2
	Steering crankcase	TAP-15V	TAD-17I	(1 point)				Top up as needed
	Steering knuckle joints	Litol-24 GOST 21150-87	Litol-24RK	(2 points) apply 500 g of grease each				Flush hinges

* In the blank cells 6, 7.8 of Table B.2, enter the recommended terms for the replacement of operating materials in accordance with the operating manual for a particular car

Figure B. 2 Lubrication diagram of the UAZ-L512 vehicle

Table B.3 - Chemical chart of the car VAZ - 21099 and its modifications

Number in the picture	Mechanism name	The name of the operating materials (GOST, TU)	Grease quantity	Frequency of replacement of consumables	Note
The main	Duplicating	1100-2300km (TO-1)	5500-9200km (TO-2)	Other services
	Fuel tank	Gasoline AI-92 GOST R51105-97	Gasoline A-93 GOST 2084-77		-	+	-	7L per 100 km
		Motor oils M-6 z / 12G 1 M-5 z -10G 1 GOST 17479.1-85	SAE20W-40 SAE15W-40	3.5 1 point	-	-	+	Flush the lubrication system when changing the oil
			Coolants А-40М	7.8 2 points	-	-	+
Continuation of table B.3
	Transmission housing	Motor oils M-6 3/12 G I M-5 3/10 G I GOST 17479.1-85	SAE20W-40, SAE15W-40 SAE20W SAE10W-40	3.3 1 point	-	+	+
		Motor oils M-6 3/12 G 1 M-5 s / 10 G 1 GOST 17479.1-85	SAE20W-40 SAE15W-40 SAE20W SAE10W-40	3 points	+	-	-
	Shock absorber rear suspension	Fluid for shock absorbers MGP-10		0.25 2 points	+	-	-
		Fluid for shock absorbers MGP-12		0.32 2 points	+	-	-	Also
Continuation of table B.3
	Hydraulic brakes		Liquid 166 type DOT 3	0,55	-	+	-
				4.2 1 point	-	-	-
				1 point	+	-	-
				2 points	-	+	-
Continuation of table B.3
	Steering gear housing			3 points	+	+	-
				3 points	+	+	-
	Steering joints		"LITOL" -24 GOST 21150-87, ASTs-15	3 points	+	-	-
			DT-1 grease GOST 21150-87,	4 points	-	-	-
End of Table B.3
	Pressure regulator	liquid "Tom" TU-V-01-1216-87; "Rosa" TU-6-05-221-564-84	Liquid 166 type DOT 3	1 point	+	+	-
		Grease SHRUS-4 GOST 21150-87		4 points	+	+	+
	Keyholes of doors	-//-		2 points	+	+	+
		-//-		1 point	+	+	+

Figure B 3 - Lubrication scheme for a VAZ-21099 car

Chemotological card of the car VAZ-21099
Number in the picture	Mechanism name	The name of the operating materials (GOST, TU)	Amount of grease, l	Frequency of replacement of consumables	Note
The main	Duplicate	TO1	TO2	Other service
	Fuel tank	Gasoline A-93 GOST-8024-90						7 liters per 100 km
	Engine lubrication system including oil filter	Engine oils M - 6 3/12 G 1 (at t from –20 to –45 ° C) M - 8 HN (at t from –25 to +15 ° C) M - 5 3/10 G 1 (at t from –30 to +30 ° С)		3.5 1 point	-	+	-	When changing the oil, flush the lubrication system with VNOIMP-FD, MSP-I, MPT-2M washing oils
	Engine cooling system including heating system	Coolant Tosol A-40	Coolants А-40М	7.8 2 points	-	-	+	Replace the coolant every two years.
	Transmission housing	Motor oils M-6 3/12 G I M-5 3/10 G I GOST-	SAE20W-40, SAE15W-40 SAE20W SAE10W-50, SAE10W-40	3.3 1 point	-	+	+	The oil is changed after 75,000 km or after five years of operation
	Helical splines, bushings, starter gear	Motor oils M-6 3/12 G 1 M-3GI M-5/10 G 1 GOST-10541-78	SAE20W-40, SAE15W-40 SAE20W SAE10W-30, SAE10W-40	3 points	+	-	-	After 50,000 km, clean the starter manifold
	Rear suspension shock absorber	Fluid for shock absorbers MGP-10 GOST-575-88		0.25 2 points	+	-	-	Shock absorber fluid is replaced at 100,000 km
	Front suspension hydraulic strut	Fluid for shock absorbers MGP-12 GOST-575-88		0.32 2 points	+	-	-	Also
	Hydraulic brakes	Fluid for hydraulic brakes "Tom" TU-6-01-1276-82 "Rosa" TU-6-05-221-564-84	Liquid 166 type DOT 3	0,55	-	+	-	After 10,000 km of run, the liquid level is checked
	Windshield washer reservoir and rear window	A mixture of water with a special liquid NIISS-4		4.2 1 point	-	-	-
	Starter drive flood ring	LITOL-24 grease GOST-21150-87	Fiol-3 grease GOST 21150-81-7	1 point	+	-	-
	Fuel filler flap hinge and spring	Technical Vaseline VTV-1 GOST-21150-87		2 points	-	+	-
	Steering gear housing	Fiol-1 grease GOST 21150-87	LITOL-24 greases GOST-21150-87, FIOL-2	3 points	+	+	-	Lubricate liberally before assembly.
	Front suspension ball joints	ShRG-4 grease GOST 21150-87	"LITOL" -24 GOST 21150-87, ASTs-15	3 points	+	+	-
	Steering joints	ShRB-4 grease GOST 21150-87	"LITOL" -24 GOST 21150-87, ASTs-15	3 points	+	-	-
	Front wheel drive hinges	Grease SHRUS-4 GOST 21150-87		4 points	-	-	-
	Pressure regulator	Plastic grease DT-1 GOST 21150-87, liquid "Tom" TU-V-01-1216-87; "Rosa" TU-6-05-221-564-84	Liquid 166 type DOT 3	1 point	+	+	-	Lubricate all parts during assembly
	Door openers	Plastic grease SHRUS-4 GOST 21150-84. Technical Vaseline VTV-1 GOST 21150-87		4 points	+	+	+
	Battery terminals and clamps
	Keyholes of doors	Technical Vaseline VTV-1 GOST 21150-87		2 points	+	+	+
	Fuel filler cap	Technical Vaseline VTV-1 GOST 21150-87		1 point	+	+	+

Lubrication scheme for a car VAZ-21099

Friction unit (Steering gear of a VAZ-21099 car)

Figure D1.- An example of the layout of the graphic part of the course project

Table E.1 Options for assignments for term paper

Variant No.	Climatic no. zones	Passenger cars	Buses	Trucks, tractors	Dump trucks	Special, and specialized
		VAZ-2109 (8) *	GAZ-221400 "Gazelle" (17) *	ZIL-431410 (19.5d) **	BelAZ-540 (135d) ***	Compressor APKS-6; bases. ZIL-130 (33/9)
		VAZ-21211 (12) **	GAZ-32213 Gazelle (16.9) *	KamAZ-4310 (31d) *	BelAZ-7510 (135d) **	Car crane AK-5; bases. ZIL-130 (38/5)
		GAZ-24 (13) ***	Ikarus 556 (38d) ** heating 2.3l / 1h slave.	GAZ-5207 (25sng) *	BelAZ-7523 (160d) **	Car crane AK-75; bases. ZIL-431412 (40/6)
		Moskvich-214145 (8.8) ***	Ikarus-250 (34d) *** heating 2.3l / 1h slave.	KamAZ-53218 (23spg + 6.5d) **	BelAZ-75401 (150d) **	Car crane GCM-6.5; bases. MAZ-500 (30.5 / 5.5)
		Moskvich-2141 (10.0) **	KAVZ-3270 (30) *	KrAZ-257 (38d) **	GAZ-SAZ-3509 (27spg) **	Car crane KS-2571; bases. ZIL-431412 (40/6)
		VAZ-2104 (8.5) ***	LAZ-4202 (35d) ** heating. 2.5l / 1h slave.	GAZ-3307 (24.5) *	GAZ-SAZ-35101 (28) **	Car crane K-104; bases. KrAZ-257 (55/6)
		VAZ-2107 (8.6) *	LAZ-42021 (33d) ** heating. 2.5l / 1h slave.	MAZ-5335 (23d) ***	ZIL-MMZ 4502 (37) **	Car crane KS-1571; bases. GAZ-5312 (32/5)
		UAZ-469 (16) **	LAZ-699 (43) *	MAZ-53366 (25.5d) *	ZIL-MMZ-45023 (50sng) ***	Car crane KS-2573; bases. Ural-43202 (38/6)
		UAZ-31512 (15.5) *	LiAZ-5256 (46d) **	Ural-355 (30) ***	ZIL-MMZ-45054 (37.5spg) ***	Car crane KS-35628; bases. MAZ-5334 (33/6)
		ZAZ-1102 (7) **	LiAZ-5256 (35.6d) *** heating. 2.5l / 1h slave.	UAZ-452 (16) ***	KAZ-4540 (28d) **	Car crane KS-4572; bases. KamAZ-53213 (31/6)
Continuation of table E.1
		GAZ-3102 (13) **	Mercedes-Benz 0350 (26.9d) *	Ural-4320 (32d) ***	KamAZ-55102 (35d) **	Loader 4000M (27.5 / 5)
		GAZ-31029 (13) **	Mercedes-Benz 0404 (27.4) **	UAZ-3303 (16.5) *	KamAZ-5511 (34d) ***	Loader 4008M; bases. ZIL-130 (54.5 / 6)
		Moskvich-214122 (9.6) *	Nusa-522 M (15) *	BelAZ-537 L (100d) **	KamAZ-55118 (31spg + 9d) ***	Self-loader car U-77; bases. GAZ-53A (28 / 2.3L for 1 load
		UAZ-315100 (16) **	PAZ-3205 (34) **	GAZ-66 (22) *	KrAZ-6505 (50d) **	Av-l samopog-ik TsPKTB-A 53213; bases. KamAZ-53213 (27/3 l for 1 load)
		VAZ-2108 (8) *	RAF-2203 (15) ***	ZIL-441610 (41sng) **	KrAZ-6510 (48d) **	Fuel-oil filler Mod. 4611; base ZIL-495710 (33.5 / 3)
		VAZ-21099 (7.8) *	RAF-22039 (14.5) *	ZIL-431610 (32 lng) **	Magirus-232D 19R (30d) ***	Fuel-oil filler ATZ-3,8-130; bases. ZIL-130 (33 / 3L for 1 filling).
		VAZ-2302 "Bizon" (11.5) *	UAZ-452A (17) ***	KamAZ-54118 (23.5spg + 6.5d) ***	MAZ-5516 (42d) **	Fuel-oil filler T-8-255B; bases. KrAZ-255B (44 / 4L for 1 filling)
		VAZ-21093 (7.7) **	UAZ-220602 (22sng) **	KrAZ-255V1 (40d) *	MAZ-5549 (28d) ***	Fuel-oil tanker TZ-500; bases. MAZ-500 (25 / 3l for 1 filling)
		IZH-2125 (10) ***	KAVZ-3976 (30) **	MAZ-5337 (23d) *	MoAZ-75051 (85d) **	Drilling rig BM-202A; bases. GAZ-66A (31/8)
		LuAZ-1302 (11) *	LAZ-695 with engine. ZIL-375 (44) ***	Ural-43202 (32d) ***	SAZ-3503 (26) *	Tank car ATsPT-6,2; bases. MAZ-5335
Continuation of table E.1
		VAZ-2110 (7.8) *	Ikarus-280 (43d) ** heating. 2,5 l / 1 hour of work.	BelAZ-7421 (100d) *	Ural-5557 (34d) *	Tank car Mod. 46101; bases. Ural-43203 (33.5 / 3L for 1 fill and drain)
		VAZ-2105 (8.5) **	LAZ-699A (43) ** heating. 1.4l / 1 hour of work	KamAZ-53208 (22.5spg + 6.5d) **	BelAZ-7548 (160d) *	Cement truck TC-10, base. ZIL-130V1 (38.5 / 3)
		VAZ-2106 (9) ***	LiAZ-5256 (46d) *** heating. 2,5l / 1 hour of work	KrAZ-6443 (40d) **	GAZ-SAZ-4509 (17d) *	Workshop Mod. 39021; bases. GAZ-66-11 (30/4)
		GAZ-31029 with engine. Rover (11.5) *	Ikarus-280.33 (41d) ** heating. 3.5 l / 1 hour of work	BelAZ-6411 (95d) ***	ZIL-MMZ-45023 (50sng) *	Av-l samopog-ik 4030P; bases. GAZ-53-04 (25 / 2.5 l for 1 load)
		ZIL-41047 (26.5) **	GAZ-32213 Gazelle (16.9) *	ZIL-441610 (41sng) *	Ural-55571 (34.5d) ***	Tank car Mod.ATs-8-5334; bases. MAZ-5334 (24.0 / 3l for 1 fill and drain)
		VAZ-1111 (6.5) **	GAZ-2217 "Barguzin" (13.3) **	GAZ-3307 (24.5) **	Tatra -138S1 (36d) **	Workshop Mod. 39031; bases. GAZ-66-11 (31/4)
		VAZ-21102 (7.5) *	GAZ-22171-0 "Sobol" (16.7) *	ZIL-4331 (25d) *	SAZ-3502 (28) ***	Aerial platform AGP-12A; bases. GAZ-53A (30.5 / 3.5)
		VAZ-2111 (7.6) *	Ikarus-256 (34d) ** heating. 2,3 l / 1 hour of work	KamAZ-5320 (25d) ***	KrAZ-256B (48d) ***	Drilling rig URB-50M; bases. GAZ-66 (32/8)
End of table E.1
		GAZ-3110 (13) **	GAZ-32213 Gazelle (11.8d) *	KamAZ-5410 (25d) **	BelAZ-548GD (200sng) **	Cement truck TC-11; bases. KamAZ-5410 (31.5 / 3)
		UAZ-3159 Bars (16.5) *	PAZ-3201 (36) **	MAZ-5433 (23d) *	ZIL-MMZ-4520 (27.5d) ***	Tank Mod. 46101; bases. Ural-43203 (33.5 / 3)

Note -

* - vehicle service life up to 3 years;

** - the service life of the car is from 3 to 5 years;

*** - the service life of the vehicle is over 5 years.

The service life of all special and specialized vehicles is 5 years.

Fuel consumption rates for compressors and loaders: in the numerator - liters per 100 km of run;

in the denominator - l for 1 hour of work.

d - diesel fuel; CIS - liquefied petroleum gas; lng - compressed natural gas.

Produced by the Likhachev Moscow Automobile Plant since 1986. The body is a wooden army-type platform with a folding tailgate, folding benches for 16 seats are mounted in the lattices of the side boards, there is an average removable bench for 8 seats, the installation of arches and an awning is provided. The cab is three-seater, located behind the engine, the driver's seat is adjustable in length, height, cushion and backrest tilt.
The main trailer SMZ-8325 (army).

Car modification:

- ZIL-131NA - a car with unshielded and unsealed electrical equipment;
- ZIL-131NS and ZIL-131NAS - HL version for cold climates (up to minus 60 ° С).

On request, ZIL-131N vehicles can be produced in the form of a chassis without a platform for mounting various bodies and installations.

From 1966 to 1986 the ZIL-131 car was produced.

Engine.

Mod.ZIL-5081. For basic data see vehicle ZIL-431410. To heat the engine, a P-16B heater with a heating capacity of 15600 kcal / h is installed on the car.

Transmission.

The clutch is sealed, single-disc, with peripheral springs and a damper, the drive is mechanical. Gearbox - for data, see ZIL-431410 vehicle, additionally equipped with a ventilation system to overcome the ford. Transfer case - Two-stage, with clutch front axle, will transmit. numbers: I-2.08; II-1.0. Gear shifting - with a lever; front axle engagement drive - electropneumatic. Power take-off from transfer case- UP TO 44 kW (60 HP). Cardan transmission consists of four cardan shafts: gearbox - transfer case, transfer case - front axle, transfer case - middle axle, middle axle - rear axle. The main gear of the driving axles is double with a pair of bevel gears with helical teeth and a pair of spur gears with helical teeth. The gear ratio is 7.339. The front axle is with constant velocity joints.

Wheels and tires.

Wheels - disc, rim 228G-508, fastening - 8 studs. Tires - with adjustable pressure 12.00 - 20 (320 - 508) mod. M-93 or 12.00R20 (320R508) mod. KI-113. Air pressure in tires with a weight of the transported cargo of 3750 kg: nominal - 3 kgf / cm. sq., minimum - 0.5 kgf / cm. sq.; with a weight of the transported cargo of 5000 kg - 4.2 kgf / cm. sq.

Suspension.

Addicted; front - on two semi-elliptical springs with rear sliding ends and shock absorbers; rear - balancing on two semi-elliptical springs with six reaction rods, the ends of the springs are sliding.

Brakes.

Working brake system - with drum mechanisms, (diameter 420 mm, lining width 100 mm, unclamping - cam), single-circuit (without separation along the axes) pneumatic drive, Parking and spare drum brake is installed on the secondary row of the transfer case. Mechanical drive. Trailer brake drive - single-line.

Steering.

Steering gear - a screw with a ball nut and a piston-rack, engaging with the toothed sector of the bipod shaft, with a built-in hydraulic booster, transmit. number 20, oil pressure in the amplifier 65-75 kgf / cm.

Electrical equipment.

Voltage 12 V, ac. battery - 6ST-90EM, generator - G287-B with voltage regulator PP132-A, starter - ST2-A, ignition system - "Iskra", shielded, contactless transistor.

Winch.

Drum type, with a worm gear, drive - by a cardan shaft from a power take-off mounted on the gearbox, Maximum tractive effort - 5000 kgf, working cable length - 65 m. Fuel tanks 2x 170 l, gasoline A-76;
cooling system - 29L;
engine lubrication system - 9 liters, all-season up to minus 30 ° С - oils M-6 / 10V (DV-ASZp-YuV) and M-8V, at below minus 30 ° C oil ASZp-6 (M-4 / 6V,);
power steering - 3.2 l, all-weather grade P oil;
gearbox (without power take-off) - 5.1 l, all-weather TSp-15K oil, at below minus 30 ° C TSp-10 oil;
transfer case - 3.3 l, see gearbox oils;
main gear housings of drive axles 3x5.0 l, see gearbox oils;
winch gearbox housing - 2.4 l, see gearbox oils;
shock absorbers - 2x0.45 l, liquid АЖ-12Т.

Unit weight

(in kg):
Complete power unit - 650;
gearbox - 100;
transfer case - 115;
driving axles: front - 480, middle and rear - 430 each;
frame with buffers and towing hitch - 460;
springs: front - 54, rear - 63;
complete wheel with tire - 135;
winch with a cable - 175;
cabin - 290;
plumage (facing, fenders, mud flaps, steps) - 110;
platform (without arches and awning) - 720.

SPECIFICATIONS

The figures below are given for a car with a gross weight of 10185 kg and a road train with a trailer with a gross weight of 4150 kg.

Max, vehicle speed	85 km / h
The same, road trains	75 km / h
Acceleration time of the car up to 60 km / h	50 s.
The same, road trains	80 s.
Car run-out from 50 km / h	450 m.
Max. climbable rise by car	60 %
The same, by road train	36 %
Braking distance of the car from 50 km / h	25 m.
The same, road trains	25.5 m.
Control fuel consumption, l / 100 km, at a speed of 60 km / h:
car	35.0 l.
road trains	46.7 l.
The depth of the ford with a hard bottom at a nominal air pressure in mud:
without preparation	0.9 m.
with preliminary preparation (car ZIL-13 1N) lasting no more than 20 minutes	1.4 m.
Turning radius:
on the outer wheel	10.2 m.
overall	10.8 m.

ZIL-131NV 6x6.1 vehicle

The truck tractor has been produced by the Likhachev Moscow Automobile Plant since 1983 on the basis of the ZIL-131N vehicle. Designed for towing special semi-trailers.
Modification - ZIL-131NVS version HL for cold climates (up to -60 ° C).

SPECIFICATIONS

Weight per fifth wheel:
	3700 kg.
	4000 kg.
	5000 kg.
Unladen weight (without winch)	5955 kg.
Including:
on the front axle	2810 kg.
on the cart	3145 kg.
Full mass	10100 kg.
Including:	6870 kg.
on the front axle	3230 kg.
on the cart
Permissible full mass semi-trailer:
on all types of roads and terrain	500 kg.
on improved pound roads	1000 kg.
on asphalt-concrete roads	1200 kg.
Max, road train speed	75 km / h
Saddle-strap device	semi-automatic, with three degrees of freedom.
Semi-trailer brake drive	single-wire

MAINTENANCE OF THE BASE CHASSIS ZIL-131
DAILY MAINTENANCE
MAINTENANCE OF THE VEHICLE IN THE FIRE, WHEN CARRYING OUT EMERGENCY RESCUE AND OTHER EMERGENCY WORKS (EXERCISES)
SEASONAL MAINTENANCE
MAINTENANCE IN THE FIRE, WHEN PERFORMING EMERGENCY RESCUE AND OTHER EMERGENCY WORKS (EXERCISES)
MAINTENANCE No. 1 (TO-1)
MAINTENANCE No. 2 (TO-2)
CHEMOTOLOGY CARD

DAILY MAINTENANCE OF THE BASIC CHASSIS ZIL-131.

Carry out cleaning of the cab, body compartments, fire-fighting equipment and other equipment. Wash and dry the vehicle if necessary.

1. Check:

Inspect the car to identify external damage, check the completeness, check the condition of the cab doors, body, glass, power windows, rear-view mirrors, sun visors, fins, registration plates, latches and locks of body doors, frame, springs, tires and wheel fasteners. Correctness of sealing the speedometer and operating hours counter of special equipment for fire trucks, serviceability of lighting devices, light and sound alarms, including special ones; operation of windscreen wipers, windscreen washers, heating systems, and glass heating (in the cold season). Operation and serviceability of the power steering, brake drive, clutch release mechanism, check the condition and tension drive belts... Check the steering wheel play, the condition of the steering rods, limiters of the maximum steering angles. Check the engine of the fire engine by starting and idling. Stop the engine and check the operation of the centrifugal oil filter by ear. Carry out cleaning of the cab and body compartments, fire-fighting equipment. Wash and dry the vehicle if necessary. Clean rear-view mirrors, external lights, special car alarm devices, cab and pump compartment glass, registration plates.
Lubrication and filling works.

2.1. Verify:

2.1.1. Oil level in the crankcase.

Check the condition of the power system devices by inspection, their fastening and the tightness of the connections. The fluid level in the steering reservoir and in the engine. Fuel level in the fuel tank, water level in the windshield washer tanks (top up if necessary). The tightness of the power steering system.
Additional work. Check: Appearance, make sure there is no deformation of the package of knees, supports, platform; condition of cables, guide rollers and blocks, cradle (if any). Start the engine, check the inclusion of the power take-off, control panel. Check the value of the working pressure in the hydraulic system, the tightness of the pipeline connections, the level working fluid in the tank. Check the operability of the hydraulic cylinders of the supports and the blocking of the springs, the ease of movement of the control valve handles, their fixation in the neutral position, limit switches. Check the operability of the ladder mechanisms: lifting and lowering, turning, extending - shifting, leveling the side tilt. Make sure that the control handles are easy to move and securely locked in the neutral position. Check the operation of the light, sound and warning alarm, intercom. Check the serviceability of remote start and engine control.

MAINTENANCE OF THE VEHICLE IN THE FIRE, WHEN CARRYING OUT EMERGENCY AND RESCUE AND OTHER EMERGENCY WORKS (EXERCISES).

is carried out to the extent of the requirements of the manuals (instructions) for the operation of the manufacturer.

AL-30 (131) PM 506

Check: Check that the vehicle is securely installed in place and that it is safe from fire. Check the appearance, make sure there is no deformation of the package of knees, supports, platform; condition of cables, guide rollers and blocks, cradle (if any). Start the engine, check the inclusion of the power take-off, control panel. Check the value of the working pressure in the hydraulic system, the tightness of the pipe connections, the level of the working fluid in the tank. Check the operability of the hydraulic cylinders of the supports and the blocking of the springs, the ease of movement of the control valve handles, their fixation in the neutral position, limit switches (if any). Check the operation of the light, sound and warning alarm, intercom. Check the serviceability of remote start and engine control (if available). Approaching the fire department, while the car is moving, check the operation of the clutch, gearbox, transfer case, drive axles, steering, hand and foot brakes. Self-switching off of gears, as well as knocking and grinding in the gearbox and transfer case are not allowed. The front drive axle should be easily engaged and disengaged without disengaging the clutch at low engine speeds. The foot brake must act on all wheels at the same time. Full braking occurs when you press the brake pedal once. Hand brake provides reliable braking of the car on slopes of at least 16%.

Note: Defects detected during the operation of the vehicle, the elimination of which is possible by the driver, are eliminated on the spot, other defects are eliminated upon arrival at the fire department before putting the vehicle into combat crew.

Follow up:

2.1. Condition and tension of drive belts, alternator and engine compressor.

2.2. The temperature of the water in the engine cooling system. The coolant temperature should be 80-95 C.
Open radiator shutters and engine hood if necessary during summer.

2.3. Oil pressure in the engine lubrication system.

MAINTENANCE No. 1 (TO-1) OF THE BASIC CHASSIS ZIL-131.

1. Check:

Completeness of the PA, inspect the car, check the condition of the cab, body and its compartments, glasses, rear-view mirrors, sun visors, plumage, registration plates, door mechanisms, hood, device. The action of the windshield wiper and washers, the action of the heating and glass heating system (in the cold season), the sound signal. Engine mounts for equipment and instruments. Condition and tension of drive belts. Fastening of parts of the exhaust tract (front pipe, muffler, etc.). Engine mount. Retract spring action and clutch pedal free play. Fastening the gearbox and its external parts (including fastening the power take-off for a special drive (pump, etc.). The gearshift mechanism in action on a stationary car. Backlash in the hinges and splined joints of the cardan gear, condition and fastening of the intermediate support and bearing plates of needle bearings.Check the fastening of the propeller shafts.Tightness of the connections of the rear (middle) axle.Fastening the crankcase and flanges of the axle shafts.Fastening and splitting the nuts of the ball pins, bipod, levers of the pivot pins, the condition of the pins and lock nuts.Play of the steering wheel and steering joints Tightening the nuts of the wedges of the propeller shaft of the steering. Backlash in the wheel bearings. working stroke of the brake pedal. brake valve for pneumatic brake drive, brake chambers fastening. Serviceability of the drive and the action of the parking brake. Inspecting the condition of the frame, components and suspension parts, towing device. Fastening stepladders and spring fingers, wheel fasteners. The state of the locking mechanism, stop-limiter and tipping cab insurance device. The condition and operation of the locks, hinges and handles of the cab and body doors. Fastening the body (superstructure) to the chassis frame, spare wheel holder. Mounting fenders, footrests, mudguards. Inspect the surfaces of the cab, body (superstructure), if necessary, clean the places of corrosion and apply a protective coating. If necessary, adjust the carbon monoxide (CO) content in the engine exhaust gases. Clean from dust, dirt, electrolyte traces, clean the ventilation openings, check the fastening and reliability of the terminals of the wire ends with the lead pins, check the electrolyte level. The action of the sound signal, instrument panel lamps, lighting and alarms, instrumentation, headlights, sidelights, rear lights, brake light and light switch, and in the cold season, electrical appliances for the heating system. Fastening of the generator and starter, the state of their contact connections. Fastening the breaker-distributor, wipe the breaker contacts with a linen cloth. Reliability of attachment of the flexible shaft to the speedometer with a mechanical drive and to the gearbox, as well as the integrity of the flexible shaft shell (there should be no gaps in the fastening of the ends of the flexible shaft shell). The correctness of the sealing of the speedometer and its drive (and the hour meter of the fire pump, if any) in accordance with the instructions. Tightening the bolts and nuts of the intake and exhaust system pipes, the exhaust manifold bolts. Adjust the stroke of the brake chamber rods.

2. Lubrication and filling work.

Check: By inspecting the tightness of the lubrication system, power supply and engine cooling (including the starting heater). Oil level in the crankcase. Check by inspection the condition of the power system devices, their fastening and the tightness of the connections. Fluid level in the steering reservoir and in the engine cooling system. Fuel level in the fuel tank, water level in the windshield washer tanks (top up if necessary). The tightness of the power steering system. Lubricate friction units and check the oil level in the crankcases and hydraulic oil reservoirs in accordance with the chemical chart (lubrication chart). Clean the gearbox and axle breathers. Drain condensate from the air cylinders of the pneumatic brake actuator.

3. Additional work.

Verify:

3.1.1. And, if necessary, tighten the fasteners of the front support rack, bolted and riveted frame connections, rods and control levers, hydraulic cylinder housings of the supports and spring locks.

3.1.2. Wear and tension of steel ropes of the mechanism for extending (shifting) the knees of the stairs, serviceability of blocks and guide rollers.

3.1.3. Condition of platform flooring, welds, knees, bowstrings.

3.1.4. Condition, fastening and freedom of rolling of the support plates.

3.1.5. Condition and serviceability of controls and automatic devices... Check and wipe the electrical contacts with a degreaser.

3.1.6. Lubricate the units and mechanisms of the ladder in accordance with the chemotological map.

3.1.7. By external inspection, the state of the fuses for contamination, damage and the exclusion of the installation of self-made jumpers instead of the standard fuses.

MAINTENANCE No. 2 (TO-2) OF THE BASIC CHASSIS ZIL-131.

Wash the car, paying special attention to the units and systems that are being serviced.

Control and diagnostic, fastening and adjustment work. Check: Visually the condition of the cab, body, rear-view mirrors, plumage, registration plates, serviceability of door opening mechanisms, hood, and towing device; The action of instrumentation, windshield washers, and in the cold season - a device for heating and blowing glass.
ENGINE. Check: By inspecting the tightness of the engine cooling system and the interior heater. Condition and operation of the blinds (curtains), radiator, thermostat, drain valves drive. Fastening the radiator, its lining, hood. Fastening the fan, water pump and timing gear cover. Condition and tension of drive belts. Inspect the tightness of the lubrication system. Fastening of engine cylinder heads and rocker arm shafts. Clearances between valve stems and rocker arms. Fastening and tightness exhaust system... Fastening the engine oil pan, speed governor crankshaft... Condition and fastening of engine mounts. Ease of starting and operation of the engine, the content of CO in the exhaust gases. Tightness of the engine air supply system. The condition and operation of the manual fuel control cable. Fastening the engine oil sump. Secure the front and rear supports power unit.
Adjust: Minimum engine speed in mode idle move; Tensioning drive belts; Thermal clearances valves of the gas distribution mechanism, after checking the tightness of the cylinder head bolts and nuts of the rocker arm struts.
CLUTCH. Check: Clutch housing attachment. Recoil spring action, free and full pedal travel, clutch operation. Adjust the clutch free play. Secure: Clutch rods.
GEAR BOX. Check: By inspecting the condition and tightness of the gearbox, its attachment. The action of the gearshift mechanism and its drive. The tightness of the gearbox and transfer case, eliminate the malfunctions. Fasten: Transfer case. Power take-off.
DRIVE TRANSMISSION.
Check: Play in the joints and splined joints of the cardan drive. Fastening the flanges of the universal joint shafts. Condition and clearance in the joints of the propeller shafts. Fastening the flanges of the propeller shafts.
BRIDGES LEADING. Check: By inspecting the tightness of the joints and the condition of the drive axle housings. Condition and fastening of drive axle reducers. Fastening the nut of the flange of the drive and final drive (with removed cardan shaft). Correctness and condition of installation of the front axle. Tightness of bridges; The condition of the steering knuckles (with the wheels suspended); Splinting of rocket rods fingers; Axial movement of the towing hitch hook. Stepladders of front and rear springs; Spring detachable eye bolts; Front spring front bracket lugs pinch bolts. Torque rod upper brackets. Tightening the fastening of bridges. Reposition the wheels if necessary.
Fasten: Axle flanges. To adjust: Wheel hub bearings (with suspended wheels);
STEERING. Check: The power steering system is tight. Mounting the steering box, steering column and steering wheel, power steering housing. Backlash in steering, steering rod joints and pivot connections, check the bipod attachment. Fastening and splitting of nuts and ball pins and levers of pivot pins, fastening of pivot nuts. Condition and fastening of the propeller shaft of the steering. Condition of steering knuckle pins and thrust bearings of front wheel hubs and hub seals, fastening of pivot wedges. Splinting the nuts of the ball pins of the steering rods, the levers of the steering knuckles (by visual inspection). Clearance in the steering rod joints. Gap in the joints of the propeller shaft of the steering. Steering bipod mount. Adjust: Steering wheel free play.
BRAKE SYSTEM. Check: The operation of the compressor and the pressure generated by it; Condition and tightness of the brake system piping connections; Fastening of the compressor, brake valve and parts of its drive; Fastening of air cylinders; Condition of brake drums, pads, linings, springs and wheel bearings (with the hubs removed); Condition of expander bearings, wheel brake shields. Splinting the pins of the brake chamber rods, adjust the free and working travel of the brake pedal and the clearances between the brake pads and the wheel drums. Serviceability of the drive and the action of the parking brake. The operability of the pneumatic drive of the brakes with pressure gauges according to the test leads.
Secure: Brake chambers and brake chamber brackets.
FRAME, SUSPENSION, WHEELS. Check: Correct position (absence of distortions) of the rear and middle axles, condition of the frame, towing device, hooks, suspension. Fastening of clamps, cradles, ladders and spring fingers,. Tightness of shock absorbers, condition and fastening of their bushings. State wheel rims and the fastening of the wheels, the condition of the tires and the air pressure in them, remove foreign objects stuck in the tread. Spare wheel mount. Adjust: Wheel hub bearings.
CAB, BODY, SUPERSTRUCTION, STEERING. Check: Condition of ventilation and heating systems, as well as door seals and ventilation hatches. Fastening the cab, body (superstructure), empennage, if necessary, clean out the places of corrosion and apply a protective coating. Condition and operation of windows, door locks. Seat condition. Fastening the cab supports;
SUPPLY SYSTEM. Check: The fastening and tightness of the fuel tank, pipe connections, fuel pump. Serviceability of the fuel control mechanism. Reliability of engine start and adjust the minimum crankshaft speed at idle. Check the action of the drive, the completeness of opening and closing of the throttle and air dampers. Check the fuel level in the carburetor float chamber.

ACCUMULATOR BATTERY. Check: The condition of the battery by electrolyte density and cell voltage under load. The condition and fastening of the electrical wires connecting the battery to ground and the external circuit, the action of the battery switch.
GENERATOR, STARTER, RELAY-REGULATOR. Inspect: Clean, if necessary, the outer surface of the generator, starter and relay-regulator from dust, dirt and oil. Check: Fastening of the generator, starter and relay-regulator; Fastening the alternator pulley; Fastening to starter terminals.
LIGHTING AND SIGNALING DEVICES. Check: The attachment and operation of the sidelights, rear lights and brake lights, direction indicators, instrument panel lamps and horn; Installation, fastening and operation of headlights, adjust the direction of light flux of headlights. The condition of the electrical wiring (reliability of fastening the wires with staples, no sagging, scuffs, adhesion of lumps of dirt or ice). Clean: From dirt the surface of the brake light switch.
SPEEDOMETER. Check: Correctness of mounting the flexible shaft of the speedometer, which must be fixed with brackets and not have sharp bends, especially near its ends; Rotation of the drum with mileage indicators and the correctness of the speed readings at one point (performed if diagnostic equipment is available) - the speedometer performance is checked by comparing its readings with the readings of the device installed on the diagnostic stand; Correctness of sealing the speedometer and its drive in accordance with the instructions.
ELECTRICAL EQUIPMENT. Check: Condition of thermal and fuses; Condition and reliability of fastening of connecting blocks of the battery switch, speedometer drive, front and rear lights, front and rear lights wiring harnesses. Check the condition and, if necessary, clean the surfaces of the ignition coil, low and high voltage wires from dust, dirt and oil. Remove spark plugs and check condition. Check the condition and, if necessary, remove the breaker-distributor from the motor, clean the outer surface of the distributor, check the condition of the contacts. Lubricate shaft, lever shaft, felt, and cam bushing. Install the breaker-distributor on the engine. In the presence of a contact-transistor ignition system, without removing the breaker from the engine, clean the outer surface of dust, dirt and oil, wipe the inner surface of the distributor roof, wipe the contacts, lubricate the shaft, felt, lever axis and cam bushing. Clean dirt from the surface and terminals of the light foot switch and brake light switch.
LUBRICATION AND CLEANING WORKS.
Lubricate the friction units of the car in accordance with the chemical chart: Water pump bearings. Clutch release bearing. Clutch release fork shaft bearings. Cardan shaft joints. Battery terminals. Traction hitch. Pivot bearings. Front axle half-axle hinges. Steering rod joints. Wheel hub bearings. Front spring pins. Expander shafts. Drain: Deposits from the centrifugal oil filter housing. Condensate from the cylinders of the pneumatic brake drive. Sludge from the fuel tank. Clean: And flush the crankcase ventilation valve; Air cleaner element, change oil. Breathers and safety valves for gearboxes, controllers and axles against dirt. Change: According to the schedule, the oil in the crankcase of the engine. Replace the filter element of the fine oil filter. Rear bogie balancer oil. The oil in the bridges is on schedule. Remove and wash: Power steering pump filters; Filter housings for preliminary and fine fuel cleaning and replace filter elements. Rinse: Filter elements. Clean: Breathers and top up or replace (according to the schedule) oil in the crankcases of the units and the reservoirs of the hydraulic drive of the vehicle in accordance with the chemical map. Inspect: And, if necessary, clean the sump of the fuel pump of water and dirt. Bring to norm: oil level in the gearbox and gearbox crankcase; oil level in the drive axle housings; oil level in the rear suspension shoes.

Additional maintenance work. Check: Execute work first Maintenance... Swing circle bolts, fastening of actuator assemblies. The operation of the hydraulic system safety valve, if necessary, disassemble it, flush it, assemble and adjust the operation with the adjusting screw. The operation of the safety valve block of the emergency drive, if necessary, disassemble, flush and adjust. The operation of the mechanical grippers of the knee lift cylinders, adjust if necessary. The condition of the hydraulic system filter according to the pressure gauge in the drain line, if the pressure exceeds 0.3 MPa (3 kgf / cm2), the filter should be replaced. Parameters of the hydraulic pump, the amount of fluid flow in the oil passages and distributors. The time for performing maneuvers on maximum speed... The state of the slip rings in the current junction, wash and dry the contaminated surfaces. Drain sediment from hydraulic filter and tank. Correspondence of the position of the handles on the control panel to the position of the hydraulic system spools, make adjustments if necessary.

SEASONAL MAINTENANCE OF THE BASE CHASSIS KAMAZ-4326.

Combines with the next TO-1 or TO-2. The work is carried out by the drivers assigned to the car under the guidance of the senior driver at the maintenance post of the fire department. Seasonal service PA (PM) is carried out in the volumes established in the manuals (instructions) for the operation of manufacturing plants, taking into account the peculiarities of servicing each model of PA (PM).

19. In addition to the work stipulated by scheduled maintenance, additionally perform:

Flush: Engine cooling system. Fuel tank and purge fuel lines (in autumn). Cab heater radiators. Check: The condition and function of the drain valves of the engine cooling system. Fastening parts of the exhaust tract, switch the intake flap to the air filter of the power system (in accordance with the season: winter, summer). Serviceability of the sensors for the liquid temperature alarm in the cooling system and the oil pressure in the lubrication system. Condition of door seals, windows, install covers. Correctness of sealing the speedometer and its drive. Check the tightness and completeness of opening the radiator shutters.
Take off: Rechargeable battery to recharge and adjust the density of the electrolyte; Carburetor and fuel pump, rinse and check the condition and operation at the stand (in the fall) (if there is a stand). Alternator and starter, clean, blow out the inner cavity, disassemble if necessary, replace worn parts and lubricate the bearings. Remove the distributor breaker, clean, check the condition and adjust if necessary.
Replace:

19.4.1. Lubrication of the flexible shaft of the mechanical speedometer drive.

Lubrication and filling works. Produce: Seasonal replacement oils in accordance with the chemical map; Changing the oil in the drive axle housings, gearbox housing, fluid in the cooling system, oil in the rear suspension shoes, oil in the power steering system;

FIRE-TECHNICAL WEAPONS AND EQUIPMENT

DAILY MAINTENANCE.
Check: The presence of weapons and the reliability of their fastening according to the inventory. Check the condition of the connecting heads, gaskets. Check the condition of the flywheels, the integrity of the body, branch gaskets and connection heads. Check the presence and condition of the connecting adapter heads and gaskets. Check the presence and serviceability of manual fire nozzles, the absence of foreign objects in the passageways, the operation of crane mechanisms, the condition of the braid, belt, connecting heads and gaskets. Check the condition of the foam generator casing, mesh bag, connecting head and gasket. Check for the presence and condition of sleeve delays. Check the laying of the rescue rope, its presence, the presence of a tag indicating the date of the test. Check for crowbars. Check the condition of wooden and metal parts of shovels, axes, hand saws and their sharpening. By external examination, check the suitability for work of dielectric gloves, galoshes (bot), rugs, scissors for cutting electrical wires. Check the condition of the housing, belt, optical element, switch of group and individual lamps, determine the state of charge of the battery lamps by the glow of the filament. Check the condition and completeness of the PPSU-20, KSS slip-evacuator "Swing" (the condition of the braking device, the condition of the carbines and their operation, the integrity of the working rope, attachment loops, harness systems, bags), LS-20U tool for them, rescue sleeves with a knot mounts RS-S49. Check the availability and functionality of mobile and wearable radios.

Note. At the end of the check, the fire-fighting equipment must be securely attached to the vehicle.

MAINTENANCE IN THE FIRE, WHEN CARRYING OUT EMERGENCY AND RESCUE AND OTHER EMERGENCY WORKS (EXERCISES).
Monitor the correct laying of fire pressure hoses, excluding the hall and the ingress of acids, oils, and other harmful substances that cause their deterioration. When laying the hoses on the carriageway, protect them with hose bridges in order to avoid collisions with vehicles. In winter, the joints of the hose heads should be insulated with snow, if possible, installed indoors. Warm frozen sleeves in places of bends and joints with hot water, steam or heated gases. When using: Sleeve delays make sure that sharp objects, parts of structures do not damage the hinges that cover the sleeve. The rescue rope should not be exposed to corrosive substances, open flames, contact with sharp corners of building structures.

MAINTENANCE # 1.

When carrying out TO-1, fire-fighting equipment is removed from the vehicle, daily maintenance work is carried out in full.

Check: Condition of the latching lock on the compartments: Should be easy to open and close. Securely fixed in the required position. Condition, cleanliness and marking of pressure hoses: Serviceability of connecting heads, their attachment and presence of gaskets. The sleeves should not have tears, cuts, traces of flammable and combustible liquids, acids. They must be stowed in the compartment of the car body so that they do not rub against protruding body parts. If necessary, roll the pressure hoses onto a new seam. 3.1.3. By visual inspection, the combined manual fireman barrel: Condition of the casing braid (the braid should not have breaks and should fit snugly to the case). The strength of the shoulder strap (the strap must be securely fastened and must not break). Nozzles (nozzle must not have cracks, burrs). Cork valve (the valve must rotate freely in the body and be securely fastened). Connection head (the connection head should easily attach to the sleeve and be free of burrs). Gaskets. 3.1.4. By external inspection fire scrapers: Compliance with the established shape of scrap. Check the sharpening of the crowbars (the working parts of the crowbars must have a sharpness at a length of at least 60 mm for bent and at a length of at least 150 mm for the straight ends of the crowbars. The surface of all crowbars must be painted black. 3.1.5. By external examination the rescue ropes: Condition of the cover (the cover must be clean, dry, have an inventory number and a tag with the test data.) The condition of the rope (the rope must be clean, dry and coiled into a ball, whole undeveloped, with correctly closed ends and have serviceable eyes, have an inventory number and date 3.1.6. Condition and completeness: Scissors for cutting wires (scissors must be clean and dry, have an inventory number, test data, cutting jaws must not have gaps and dents, the varnish coating must be intact, thrust rings not damaged). Rubber bots (bots must have an inventory number, must be clean, dry and free from tears, cuts, must have test data). Gloves (gloves must have an inventory number, must be clean, not torn, have test data). Rugs. 3.1.7. By visual inspection the condition of the group lamps: The battery of the lamp must be fully charged (bright glow of the lamp). The inside of the case and cover must be clean. Terminals and wires must be securely fastened and must not be oxidized. Lanterns must have inventory numbers. 3.1.8. By external examination the condition of the bayonet shovel: The shovel must have an inventory number. The non-sharpened part of the shovel must be covered with an anti-corrosion coating. The stalk should not have cracks, breaks, its surface should be smooth (without burrs). 3.1.9. Check the condition of the carpenter's ax by visual inspection: There should be no cracks on the wooden handle of the ax. The ax blade must be sharpened to a height of 15mm. The handle should be varnished or varnished. The metal part (excluding the blade) must be covered with an anti-corrosion coating. The ax must have an inventory number.

3.1.10. Check the tightness of the n-way branch valves, the presence and condition of the gaskets and gaskets, the closing of the connecting heads.

a). The valves should be easy to close and open and ensure tightness in the closed position.

v). Closing and opening of the connecting heads is done by the effort of one person.

3.1.11. Check the condition of the foam generator, the presence and condition of the gaskets, the closing of the connecting heads.

a). Parts of these devices must not be damaged.

b). The connecting heads must be closed by one person, the rubber gaskets must be elastic.

3.1.12. Check the serviceability of the LS-20U fire monitor movement guidance mechanisms.

a). Aim the barrel at the protected area and supply water.

b). Set the required jet shape by progressive movement of the nozzle body (narrow spray 30 °, continuous jet, protective screen 90 °). To achieve the greatest range of the jet, the direct jet mode is set.

v). The flow rate is adjusted by unscrewing the nozzle plate from the closed position to the position corresponding to the water flow rate:

15 l / s unscrewed 3.5 turns

20 l / s unscrewed 4.7 turns

25 l / s unscrewed by 5.8 turns.

(Lubricate the nozzle with graphite grease).

MAINTENANCE No. 2.

When carrying out TO-2, fire-fighting equipment is removed from the vehicle, and TO-1 works are carried out in full.

Conduct PTV testing in a timely manner. After the maintenance operation, place the PTV on the vehicle and fasten it securely.

Notes:

Fire-technical equipment is tested in fire departments according to the plans of the FPS. The test procedure is described in POT RO-2002. Electrical protective equipment is tested in special laboratories with permission from the State Energy Supervision Authority. If there are diagnostic posts in the vehicle subdivisions, testing of fire-fighting equipment is carried out at special stands.

CHEMOTOLOGICAL CARD OF VEHICLES ZIL-130

The chemical map regulates the nomenclature and conditions for the use of fuels lubricants(Fuels and lubricants) and special fluids for the operation of ZIL-131 vehicles for national economic purposes.

The frequency of maintenance is indicated in the "Service Book".

Table - Chemotological map of the ZIL-131 vehicle for national economic purposes.

The choice and correct use of oil is often complicated by the fact that the technical documentation for some machines provides for a large number of brands of lubricants. Therefore, their unification and the use of substitutes can be of great importance for simplifying the operation of automotive equipment.

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Course work

by discipline: "Operating materials"

Fuels and lubricants (fuels and lubricants) for the car ZIL - 4334

1. Initial data 2

2. List of sheets of graphic part 3

3. Introduction 4

4. Chemotological chart of vehicle lubrication 6

5.CHOOSING LUBRICANTS 8

6. Table refueling tanks 11

7. Physical and chemical properties transmission oils 12

7.1. Classification of gear oils and their designation 14

8. List of used literature 19

1. Initial data

2. List of sheets of the graphic part

3. Introduction

Right choice and rational use of operating materials largely determine the reliability and durability of equipment, the cost of its maintenance and repair. Mistakes in the choice of engine oil can lead to best case to a reduction in the life of the engine, at worst - to its breakdown.

The choice and correct use of oil is often complicated by the fact that the technical documentation for some machines provides for a large number of brands of lubricants. Therefore, their unification and the use of substitutes can be of great importance for simplifying the operation of automotive equipment.

The car has a large number of units and mechanisms where greases are used, the variety of which also implies their competent use.

Selection of lubricants more High Quality than required leads to unnecessary cost increases. The use of a material with lower qualities inevitably leads to a reduction in the service life of the car and an overspending of the material itself.

The problems of using fuel and lubricants are so important that a science arose - chemotology, which studies the properties, quality and rational use of fuels and lubricants in technology, establishes a requirement for fuels and lubricants (POL), which contributes todevelopment of new varieties, testing methods and unification of fuels and lubricants.

4. Chemotological chart of car lubrication

Table 1.

Position in the figure

Name of the assembly unit

Number of assembly units in a product

The name of the brands of operational materials (GOST, OST, THAT)

Number of operation foot material, refueled in the product when replacing kg / 1l

Periodicity replacements

Note

EO

TO-1

TO-2

CO

The main

Duplicating

Engine crankcase

M-10-G 2 GOST 17479.1-85

M-8- G 2 GOST 17479.1-85

16,5

Fuel injection advance clutch

M-10-G 2 GOST 17479.1-85

0,15

M +

Checking the level and topping up

M17

Water pump bearings

Litol - 24 GOST 21150-87

USs GOST 21150-87

0,095

Until the grease comes out of the inspection hole

Continuation of table 1.

Transmission housing

TM-3-18 GOST 17479.2-85

TSp-15K GOST 17479.2-85

10,5

Once a year

Rear, middle axle housing

TM-3-18 GOST 17479.2-85

TSp-15K GOST 17479.2-85

10,5

Once a year

Transfer case housing

TM-3-18 GOST 17479.2-85

TSp-15K GOST 17479.2-85

Coupling pawl axles

M-10-G 2 GOST 17479.1-85

A few drops

When working with a trailer When working without a trailer

Hitch latch

Hydraulic brake fluid"Neva" GOST 21150-87

10-15 mm below the edge of the filler hole

Continuation of table 1.

Brake adjusting levers

Litol-24 GOST 21150-87

USs GOST 21150-87

0,045

Lubrication

Expander shafts

Litol-24 GOST 21150-87

USs GOST 21150-87

0,025

Lubrication

Frost protection

Ethyl alcohol GOST 17299-88

At temperatures below +5 degrees

King pins

Litol-24 GOST 21150-87

USs GOST 21150-87

0,017

Lubrication

6, 16

Anterior toes suspended

Litol-24 GOST 21150-87

USs GOST 21150-87

Lubrication

Continuation of table 1.

Front wheel hub bearings

Litol-24 GOST 21150-87

USs GOST 21150-87

Through 2TO-2

Rear wheel hub bearings

TM-4-18 GOST 17479.2-85

TAD-17 GOST 17479.2-85

Replacement, lubrication

Towing device

Litol-24 GOST 21150-87

USs GOST 21150-87

0,025

When working with a trailer

Power steering system

Multigrade oil" R " GOST 17479.2-85

Checking the level and refilling, replacing

Engine cooling system

Antifreeze-A40M TU-6-57-95

Tosol-A65M TU-6-57-95

26,5

Checking the level and refilling, replacing

5. SELECTION OF LUBRICANTS

Oils M-8-G 2 and M-10-G 2 used respectively inwinter and summer quality for high-performance diesel engines. Contain additive compositions (detergents, antioxidants, anticorrosive and antifoam) in an amount of 7 to 12%.

Transmission oil TM-3-18 (TAP-15V) is a multigrade oil for spur, spiral bevel and worm gears. Used at temperatures up to -25 C.

Brake fluid"Neva" has a boiling point of 190 ° C, is efficient up to -50 ° C, the color is yellow.

Antifreeze A - concentrated ethylene glycol with additives. To obtain antifreeze brands 40 or 65, it must be dissolved in an appropriate amount of distilled water, the pour point is -40 and -65, respectively. S.

Litol-24 grease is a multipurpose antifriction grease, efficient in high humidity conditions, thickened with lithium soaps, efficient in the range from -40 to 130 C, cooked in petroleum oil.

Grade "R" for hydrostatic transmissions, hydraulic power steering systems of cars, hydraulic control of machines. When adding 15% diesel fuel provides free starting of equipment up to -55 S.

Table 2.

System, mechanism, unit	Volume, l	Operating materials
Fuel tank: Basic Additional		Diesel fuel grades L, Z
Engine, systems: Lubricants Cooling	16,5 26,5	M-10G 2K Antifreeze A-40M Antifreeze A-65M
Power steering		Oil brand "R"

7. Physicochemical properties of transmission oils

The operating conditions of transmission oils differ from engine oils as follows:

gear drives operate under boundary friction conditions;

they must remain operational at temperatures from -50 to 50 ° C;

their running time is longer;

they should reduce vibration and noise.

Gear drives operate with high specific pressures at the points of teeth contacts (600-1200 MPa, and in hypoid ones up to 4000 MPa), high sliding speeds of rubbing surfaces (3-10 m / s, in hypoid and worm gearboxes- up to 20 m / s) and high, of the order of 300-800 ° C, temperatures at the points of contact of the gear wheels. The oil temperature in the transmission units reaches 120-150 ° C. It is under these conditions that the boundary friction mode is most often observed. Therefore, gear oils must have high antiwear and extreme pressure properties, therefore they contain a significant amount of natural surfactant resinous substances and special antiwear and extreme pressure additives.

The lower temperature limit for the use of transmission oils ensures the start-up of the machine and the subsequent transition to higher gears without preliminary heating of the oil in the units. In summer, in hot weather, the temperature in the transmission crankcases reaches maximum values, which predetermines the choice of the minimum permissible oil viscosity, which does not cause its leaks through leaks.

In addition, transmission oils must have good anti-corrosion properties and form a minimum amount of foam, which is decided by the selection of an appropriate oil base and the addition of a complex of additives.

7.1. Classification of gear oils and their designation

According to GOST 17479.2-85, transmission oils are divided into viscosity classes (Table 3), and, depending on their performance properties, are divided into five groups that determine their area of ​​application (Table 4).

Table 3.

Viscosity grade	Kinematic viscosity at 100 С, mm 2 / s	The temperature at which the dynamic viscosity does not exceed 150 Pa * s,C, not higher
	6,00-10,99
	11,00-13,99
	14,00-24,99
	25,00-41,00

Table 4.

Group	Composition	Application area	Contact stress, MPa		Temperature,  С
	Mineral oils without additives	Cylindrical, conical and worm gear transmission	900-1600
	Mineral oils with antiwear additives	Too	Up to 2100
	Moderate performance EP mineral oils	Cylindrical, bevel and worm gears		Up to 2500	Up to 150
	High performance EP mineral oils	Cylindrical, spiral bevel and hypoid gears		Up to 3000	Too
	Mineral oils with EP additives of high performance and multipurpose action, as well as multi-purpose oils	Hypoid gears operating with shock loads

Transmission oil marking:TM - transmission oil; the first digit is the oil group (oil quality level); the second number is the viscosity class.

Outdated designations are found in the normative and technical documentation, therefore, in table. 5 shows their correspondence with the designations in accordance with GOST 17479.2—85.

Table 5.

GOST 17479.2-85	Old designation
TM-2-18	TEP-15
TM-3-9	TSp-10
TM-3-18	TAL-15V, TSp-15K
TM-4-9	TSz-9gip
TM-4-18	TSp-14gip
TM-5-12 e (rk)	TM-5-12rk
TM-5-18	TDTs-17I
Note: in the previous marking of transmission oils, the letters denoted: A - automobile, D - long-lasting, C - obtained from sulphurous oils, T - transmission oil, k - for KamAZ vehicles, p - contains an additive; figure - kinematic viscosity (in mm 2 / s) oil at a temperature of 100 "C.

Table 6 shows the correspondences of viscosity classes and groups of transmission oils according to GOST 17479.2-85 and according to SAE and API.

Table 6.

Viscosity grade		Group
According to GOST 17479.2-85	by SAE	According to GOST 17479.2-85	By API
	75 W	TM-1	GL -1
	80 W / 85W	TM-2	GL -2
		TM-3	GL-3
		TM-4	GL-4
		TM-5	GL-5

Gear oils have the following viscosity grades: 75 W, SOW, 85 W - winter, 90 and 140 - summer, 8 QW -9 Q, 85 W -95 and 85 W -140 - all-season.

Meeting oil GL -6 API corresponds to GL -5, but more durable with enhanced anti-corrosive properties.

Oil brand TAD-17i corresponds to SAE 85 W -90 according to SAE or GL -5 no API.

Synthetic transmission oils with a viscosity SAE 75 W -90 and quality level API GL -5 (TM-5). Such oils are preferable for winter conditions, since they thicken at lower temperatures than mineral ones. As well as engine oils, synthetic gear oils are characterized by a flat viscosity-temperature curve. To obtain such oils, synthetic hydrocarbon oils, esters of polyhydric alcohols, esters of carboxylic acids, polysiloxane liquids and other high-tech components are used. Typically synthetic oil has a viscosity of 7.1 mm 2 / s at a temperature of 100 ° C, 22 Pa s at a temperature of -40 ° C, and a flash point of 230° C, pour point -57 ° С.

Synthetic oil can last for the entire life of the car, provided there are no leaks through leaks. A deterrent to widespread use synthetic oils is their high cost.

Table 7 shows recommendations for the use of gear oils, depending on their purpose and ambient temperature, and in table. 6 provides recommendations for the use of transmission oils, taking into account the extremely low operating temperatures.

Table 7

Oil grade (old designation)	Possible substitutes	Scope (type)	Ambient temperature, C
TM-2-18 (TEP-15)	TSp-14 (TM-3-18)	Spur and worm gears (all-weather)	Up to -20
TM-3-18 (TAP-15V)	TSp-15K, TSp-14, TM-5-12V, TM-5-12 3 (pk)	Spur, spiral bevel and worm gears (all season)	Up to -25
TM-3-18 (TSp-15K)	TSp15V, TSp-14, TM-5-12V, TM -5-12 s p k)	Heavy-duty cylindrical, bevel and spiral-bevel gears of KamAZ-	Up to -30
TM-3-9 (TSp-10)	TM-12V, TM-5-12 3 (rk)	In the transmission for the middle lane (winter), for the North (all-season)	Up to -45
TM-5-12 (TAD-12)		All-season for a cold climatic zone and, winter for the middle lane (universal)	-40 to 140
TM-4-18 (TSp-14gip)	TAD-17i (TM-5-18), TM-5-12V, TM-5-12 z (pk)	Hypoid transmission trucks for a temperate climatic zone (all-season)	Up to -30
TM-5-18 (TAD-17i)	TM-5-I2B, TM-5-12 3 (pk)	Hypoid gears, transmissions and steering of passenger cars (all season)	TO -30
TM-4-9 (TSe-9gip)	TM-5-12V, TM-5-12 3 (rk)	In transmission, including hypoid eye gears for the North	Up to 50

Table 8

Oil grade	For consignments of oils	When adding winter or arctic diesel fuel in an amount
TM-5-12 z (rk)
TM-4-9
TM-3-9
TM-3-18
TM-Z-18
TM-4-18
TM-5-18

8. BIBLIOGRAPHY

1. Vavanov V.V., Vainshtok A.A., Gureev A.A. Automotive plastic lubricants. M .; Transport 1986, - 144 p.

2. Vasilyeva LS Automobile operational materials. - M .: Transport, 1986 - 280 p.

3. Gureev A.A., Fuks I.G., Lakhshi V.L. Chemotology. - M .: Chemistry 1986 - 368 p.

4. Kiselev M.M. Fuel and lubricants for construction machines... Directory. M .: Stroyizdat. 1988 - 271 p.

5. Manusadzhiants OI Smal F.V. Automotive maintenance materials. M .: Transport. 1989 .-- 271 p.

6. Guidelines for the use and quality control of fuels, lubricants and special fluids. Minavtotrans RSFSR, NIIAT, Moscow: TsBNTI Minavtotrans RSFSR. 1988 - 139 p.

8. Brief automobile reference book / NIIAT. - 10th ed., Revised and added. –M .: Transport, 1985 - 224 p.

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Ministry of Road Transport of the RSFSR

POSITION
ABOUT MAINTENANCE AND REPAIR
ROLLING STOCK
ROAD TRANSPORT

Cars of the ZIL-431410 family

Moscow

Ministry road transport RSFSR
Main scientific and technical department

Maintenance and repair regulations
rolling stock of road transport

Part two (normative)

Cars of the ZIL-431410 family

R 3112199-0242-85

Moscow

INTRODUCTION

"Regulations on the maintenance and repair of the rolling stock of road transport" contains the basic principles of maintenance and repair, and also includes standards technical operation cars of the ZIL-431410 family.

The development of standards is based on the results of joint work on the study of operational reliability and maintenance regimes for vehicles of the ZIL-431410 family, carried out in the supporting motor transport enterprises of the RSFSR Minavtotrans and EPAKhs of the USSR Minavtoselkhozmash. The results of the introduction into the design of ZIL-431410 vehicles of a number of structural and technological measures aimed at increasing their operational reliability and reducing the cost of maintenance and repair were also used. The regulation contains:

Maintenance and repair types;

Maintenance intervals;

Rates of mileage of cars and assemblies before the first overhaul;

Norms of circulating units and lists of assemblies, parts and devices recommended for inclusion in the revolving fund;

Lists of maintenance operations;

Labor intensity of maintenance and maintenance;

Distribution of the labor intensity of maintenance and current repairs by type of work and units;

Standing rates for vehicles in maintenance and repair;

Chemotological map of the lubricant.

This regulatory part of the "Regulations on the maintenance and repair of rolling stock of road transport" is mandatory for all organizations and enterprises located on the territory of the RSFSR, regardless of departmental subordination, operating cars of the ZIL-431410 family and carrying out their maintenance and repair, with the exception of organizations and enterprises USSR Ministry of Defense, USSR State Security Committee and USSR Ministry of Internal Affairs.

... GENERAL PROVISIONS

The ZIL-431410 truck-tractor with a base of 3800 (mm) is designed for the transportation of goods on any roads in as part of a road train, in which the total mass of the trailer must not exceed 8000 (kg). The carrying capacity of the ZIL-431410 car on all roads of the country is 6000 (kg). Below is a complete list of the main modifications, their purpose and carrying capacity.

Characteristic

Carrying capacity

Onboard vehicle with a wheelbase of 3800 (mm)

6000 (kg) plus trailer, total weight 8000 (kg)

ZIL-431410 car chassis

Long-base flatbed vehicle, wheelbase 4500 (mm)

ZIL-431410 car chassis

Truck tractor. Wheelbase 3300 (mm)

The total weight of the semi-trailer is 14400 (kg)

Construction Dump Truck Chassis

Dump truck load capacity 5800 (kg)

The chassis of a construction dump truck designed to work with a trailer

Dump truck carrying capacity - 5800 (kg) plus a trailer with a total mass of 8000 (kg)

The chassis of the ZIL-MMZ-554M agricultural dump truck, designed to work with a trailer

Carrying capacity - 5500 (kg) plus a trailer with a total mass of 8000 (kg)

The principles of organizing the production of maintenance and repair at road transport enterprises, methods and quantitative values ​​of the coefficients for adjusting the standards for the technical operation of vehicles of the ZIL-431410 family are established in accordance with the first part of the "Regulations on the maintenance and repair of rolling stock of road transport".

Maintenance of new and overhauled vehicles and units during the running-in period is carried out in accordance with the instructions of the "Operation Manual" of PO ZIL.

Maintenance and repair car tires produced in accordance with the current rules for their operation, approved in the prescribed manner.

Maintenance intervals and base car ZIL-431410

Maintenance frequency, km

Mileage standards for the ZIL-431410 vehicle and its main units before the first major overhaul for planning purposes, thousand km The specified standards are valid for category 1 of operating conditions and the central natural and climatic zone. They are subject to adjustment in trucking companies if the operating conditions differ from those indicated above. The adjustment is carried out on the basis of the requirements of the corresponding section of the first part of the "Regulations on the maintenance and repair of the rolling stock of road transport". The technical and economic criterion that determines the need to send a car for overhaul is the total cost of consumed spare parts. The total cost of spare parts for the mileage before the first overhaul should not exceed 1290 (rubles) (table). Consumption rates of spare parts for ZIL-431410 cars Specific consumption in the mileage interval, rubles / thous. km Total consumption since the beginning of operation, rub. Overhaul of the units provides for disassembly, troubleshooting, restoration and replacement of parts, including the main ones. ... STANDARDS FOR REVERSING UNITS The rates of turnover units of cars, taking into account their mileage from the beginning of operation and the intensity of use, are given in the table. Norms of circulating units for 100 vehicles, pcs. Smaller values ​​are accepted for cars with annual mileage of 30 - 40 (thousand km), as well as for cars that have not passed overhaul and having mileage since the beginning of operation less than 75% of the standards given in the table. Large values ​​are taken for intensively operated cars (annual mileage of more than 50-60 (thousand km)) or cars that have not undergone major repairs and have mileage since the beginning of operation of more than 75% of those listed in the table, as well as for overhauled cars with at least three main units (in any combination) have been replaced with overhauled ones. ... MAINTENANCE LISTS DAILY MAINTENANCE (EO) Test papers Engine including power supply, cooling and lubrication systems Labor intensity of maintenance and current repair of ZIL-431410 vehicles for planning purposes * / The numerator indicates the complexity of maintenance without the use of diagnostic tools, and the denominator - with the use. Approximate distribution of labor intensity when performing technical maintenance (TO-1 and TO-2) by units, assemblies and systems (% of total labor intensity) without diagnostics with diagnostics without diagnostics with diagnostics Clutch Transmission Cardan transmission Rear axle Front axle Wheels and hubs 18,8 Brake system Cab, platform and empennage Supply system Electrical equipment and devices Total for units, assemblies and systems General inspection Lubrication and cleaning operations Approximate distribution of the current repair labor intensity by type of work Labor intensity of work,% Control and diagnostic Fasteners Adjusting Disassembly and assembly Aggregate Electrical Power system equipment repair works Tire repair (vulcanization) Mednitsky Zhestyanitsky Welding Forging and spring Locksmith-mechanical Woodworking Rebar Painting Approximate distribution of the labor intensity of maintenance by type of work performed during EO, TO-1 and TO-2,% without diagnostics with diagnostics without diagnostics with diagnostics Harvesting and washing General control and diagnostic Fastening and adjustment work * / 23,1 19,9 22,2 18,4 16,5 28,0 16,4 27,8 Lubricating, filling and cleaning ** / 14,4 Electrotechnical 6,1 6,7 3,6 4,2 Power system maintenance work 2,3 2,7 2,6 3,1 Tire (tire and tire repair) 2,8 2,6 0,7 0,7 * / The numerator indicates the percentage of labor intensity attributable to the control and diagnostic part of the operation, and in the denominator - to the performing one. ** / Without taking into account the labor intensity of work on filling with water, fuel and lubricant, performed under EO. Approximate distribution of the labor intensity of the current repair of a / m of the ZIL-431410 family by aggregates, systems and assemblies in% of the total labor intensity Engine including cooling and lubrication system Supply system Gas exhaust system Clutch Transmission Cardan transmission Rear axle Car suspension Steering and front axle Wheels and hubs Electrical equipment Cab, plumage Platform Bearing type Qty. Place of installation Ball radial Compressor crankshaft Axis throttle valves carburetor Thrust ball without rings Centrifugal cleaner rotor Ball radial with two seals Gearbox drive shaft (front) Roller cylindrical Transmission intermediate shaft (front) Roller cylindrical without rings The driven shaft of the gearbox (front) Block gear wheels gearbox Ball radial Transmission intermediate shaft (rear) Ball radial Driven shaft of a transmission (rear) Intermediate support Conical roller Bevel gear (front) and spur gear (left) of the final drive Bevel gear (rear) of the final drive Hub rear wheel(outer) Conical roller Rear wheel hub (inner) Differential of the main transfer Propeller shaft joint Angular contact ball bearing without cage Steering column shaft Roller without inner ring Steering propeller shaft joint Ball thrust Steering gear Balls with a diameter of 7.13 ÷ 7.58 (mm) Steering screw Ball radial Transmission drive shaft (rear) Ball thrust Clutch engagement Conical roller Hub front wheel(outer) Conical roller Front wheel hub (inner) Roller without inner ring Power steering pump Ball radial with one seal Water pump (rear) Water pump (front) Ball radial with two seals Generator drive side Collector side generator Appendix 5 Car lubrication chemistry chart