"ZMZ-514" is a family of four-cylinder sixteen-valve engines with a displacement of 2.24 liters. Initially, these motors were intended for use on GA3 cars and commercial vehicles, but in the end they found their application on UA3ah. 3M3-514 diesel engines were installed on GA3eli only from 2002 to 2004, in a rather limited number. Since 2006, the Ulyanovsk Automobile Plant has become a consumer of these power units: they “take root” first on the UA3 Hunter SUVs, and then on the Patriots, and the UA3 Cargo created on their basis. But - only for a few years: in 2015 and Ulyanovsk Automobile Plant finally abandoned the use of engines of the 3M3-514 family. What are the reasons, and what are the features of this family - read on.
The main reason for abandoning the diesel versions of the Patriot and Hunter is the negligible demand for these vehicles. Not only do UAZs themselves not shine with gigantic sales volumes, but also the demand for diesel equipment of Ulyanovsk SUVs turned out to be too small to be considered promising models. According to the management of the enterprise, sales of diesel "Patriots" accounted for only 1% (!) Of the total number of cars sold.
It would seem that diesel engines are simply "asking" for such cars as UAZ SUVs. After all, it promises serious advantages: even more serious and stable off-road patency, the ability to load the car and trailer “to the maximum”, fuel efficiency, high engine efficiency ... The dynamics are such that it seems that the diesel “Patriot” has “lost” a couple of hundred kilograms compared to gasoline. The entire torque, equal to 270 N * m, is already produced by the diesel power unit in the range from 1300 rpm to 2800 rpm .; the diesel engine is lighter and calmer and “drags” not the lightest UAZ body. All these are the main indicators of utility. And utility for a jeep or pickup is above all. Those motorists who had to drive both gasoline and diesel Patriots noted that diesel engines are noticeably different for the better from gasoline ones.
However, despite all the alterations and improvements, the 3M3-514 remained an unreliable, capricious engine. Common, frequently occurring problems with timing and injection pump drives, short oil pump life, gusts fuel line HPFP, cases of a sharp decrease in thrust, hitting the SROG valve plate in the engine cylinder, unscrewing the KV plug, and even such disgrace as cracks in the cylinder head (casting defect) formed after 40 thousand kilometers, according to the manufacturer, were eliminated. But many "UAZovodov" had a different opinion on this matter.
After equipping new version motor - "3M3-514Z2.10 CRS" - fuel equipment electronic control Bosch Common injection rail engine became less maintainable, and if maintainable, then only immediately with nodes that are not cheap, as well as more demanding on the quality of diesel fuel. To the problems mentioned earlier were added problems with direct injection, constant metamorphoses with fuel pressure.
During the modernization, Bosch injectors and high-pressure fuel pumps, a ramp, glow plugs were added to the motor; supplemented this with a Chinese turbocharger, and the engine still does not shine with either reliability or durability in use. Of course, such a reputation had a bad effect on sales. In addition, the price of the diesel UAZ Patriot was more than 100 thousand higher than the gasoline version of this model.
The 3M3-514 family dates back to the early 1980s, when the Zavolzhsky Motor Plant began work on the creation of a diesel engine based on a conventional carburetor engine for the Volga - 3M3-402.10. By 1984, a prototype of this power unit was created and passed laboratory and road tests, including at the NAMI test site as part of the GA3-24 Volga passenger car. Working volume - 2.45 liters, compression ratio - 20.5; with aluminum cylinder block, aluminum alloy pistons with special micro-relief and barrel-shaped skirt profile, piston jet cooling, oil filter clogging indicator, spark plug preheating. Continuation of this model, however, did not follow.
Only in the first half of the 90s did the specialists of the Zavolzhsky Motor Plant return to creating their own diesel engine for cars and light trucks. For some reason, they were tasked with making diesel engine not just based on the gasoline "3M3-406.10", but also having maximum unification with this basic power unit.
Based on preliminary developments and the desire to ensure maximum unification with the base engine "3M3-406.10", the cylinder diameter was reduced to 86 mm. This was achieved by installing a dry thin-walled sleeve in a cast-iron monoblock; while maintaining the dimensions of the main and connecting rod bearings of the base engine and, therefore, almost complete unification in the processing of the cylinder block and crankshaft. From the very beginning, the new diesel engine provided for the use of turbocharging, with charge air cooling.
The first sample of the future "3M3-514", under the name "3M3-406.10", was made in November 1995. At the Yaroslavl Diesel Equipment Plant (YAZDA) technical requirements Zavolzhsky Motor Plant developed and manufactured a small-sized, multi-nozzle fuel injector. As a result, it was decided to make the cylinder head not from cast iron, but from aluminum.
In December 1999, the first pilot batch of 3M3-514 diesel engines was manufactured - 10 units. In 2002, they made their debut at the GAZelles. However, during the first two years, even the first year of operation, it turned out that there were difficulties with the maintenance of these engines, and their reliability did not stand up to criticism.
According to experts, the archaic production equipment of the Zavolzhsky motor plant did not have enough capabilities to ensure the required quality of the metal and maintain the accuracy of processing auto parts. The diesel engine, unlike the gasoline engine, did not tolerate this. In addition, component suppliers have contributed their own “fly in the ointment” to the growth of the substandard flow. And then the unstable quality sharply scared away the buyers, who at first cheerfully reacted to the idea of coming to replace carburetor engines modern economical turbodiesel. As a result, by the beginning of 2004, the serial production of diesel engines at 3M3 was curtailed, in fact, it had not even begun.
However, the refinement and fine-tuning of the "3M3-514" continued. They changed the design of the head and block, with an increase in their rigidity. For better sealing of the gas joint, instead of the domestic flexible cylinder head gasket, an imported multi-layer, metal one was used. The refinement and manufacture of the pistons were entrusted to the German company Mahle. Changed, in order to increase reliability and resource, there were connecting rods, timing chains and a number of small parts.
The result of this was the launch of the 3M3-514Z modification into mass production, and since 2006 these motors have been equipped with " UAZ Hunter". In 2007, the 3M3-514Z was also adapted for installation on the classic cargo family of Ulyanovsk cabovers. Soon 3M3-514Z appeared with Bosch injection pumps, which were discussed above, and then with Common Rail. These versions consumed up to 10% less diesel fuel and showed better engine response on low revs. However, they were not widely used either.
The 4-stroke diesel engine has an in-line L-shaped arrangement of cylinders and pistons that rotate one common crankshaft and an overhead arrangement of 2 camshafts. The motor is equipped with a liquid cooling system of a closed type, with forced circulation. The lubrication system is combined - under pressure and splashing. Updated motor"3M3-514Z2" has four valves on each cylinder, and the cooling of the air entering the cylinders is performed by an intercooler (its use made it possible to increase the power of the power unit and improve its operation at low speeds. The turbine used, although not without the characteristic effect of "turbo -pits", however, it is reliable and does not require maintenance and repair.
The left side of the engine: 1 - a branch pipe of the water pump for supplying coolant from the radiator; 2 - water pump; 3 - power steering pump (GUR); 4 - coolant temperature sensor (control systems); 5 - coolant temperature indicator sensor; 6 - thermostat housing; 7 - emergency oil pressure alarm sensor; 8 - oil filler cap; 9 – a forward arm of raising of the engine; 10 - the handle of the oil level indicator; 11 - ventilation hose; 12 - recirculation valve; 13 - exhaust pipe of the turbocharger; 14 - exhaust manifold; 15 - heat-insulating screen; 16 - turbocharger; 17 - heater tube; 18 - clutch housing; 19 - hole plug for the crankshaft locating pin; 20 - plug of the drain hole of the oil crankcase; 21 - oil drain hose from the turbocharger; 22 - oil injection tube to the turbocharger; 23 - coolant drain valve; 24 - inlet pipe of the turbocharger
The Bosch injectors are double-spring injectors that allow for the preliminary injection of diesel fuel. Fine fuel filter with hand pump, heater, water separator - also manufactured by Bosch, high-pressure fuel lines - from Guido.
The S12-92-02 turbocharger is made in the Czech Republic, at the CZ-Strakonice AS plant. There was also experience in using Garrett turbines, which have a higher efficiency.
The cylinder block is made of special cast iron, a monoblock with a crankcase, which is lowered below the crankshaft axis. Between the cylinders there are special channels for the coolant. In the lower part of the BC there are 5 main bearing supports. The bearing caps are machined complete with the cylinder block and are therefore not interchangeable. In the crankcase part of the cylinder block there are nozzles for cooling the pistons with oil.
The cylinder head is cast from aluminum alloy. In the upper part of the cylinder head there is a gas distribution mechanism: camshafts, valve drive levers, hydraulic bearings, intake and exhaust valves. The cylinder head is equipped with two intake ports and two exhaust ports; flanges for connecting the intake pipe, exhaust manifold, thermostat, covers; there are seats for injectors and glow plugs, built-in elements of lubrication and cooling systems.
Front view: 1 - crankshaft damper pulley; 2 - crankshaft position sensor; 3 - generator; 4 - the upper casing of the injection pump drive belt; 5 - high pressure fuel pump; 6 - air duct; 7 - oil filler cap; 8 - oil separator; 9 - ventilation hose; 10 - fan drive belt and power steering pump; 11 - fan pulley; 12 - tension bolt of the power steering pump; 13 - power steering pump pulley; 14 - tension bracket for the fan drive belt and power steering pump; 15 - power steering pump bracket; 16 - guide roller; 17 - water pump pulley; 18 - drive belt for the generator and water pump; 19 - pointer to the top dead center (TDC); 20 - TDC mark on the sensor rotor; 21 - the lower casing of the injection pump drive belt
The pistons are made of a special aluminum alloy, with a combustion chamber located in the piston head. The volume of the combustion chamber is (21.69 ± 0.4) cm3. The piston skirt is barrel-shaped in the longitudinal direction and oval in cross-section, and is provided with an anti-friction coating. Piston rings 3 on each piston: two compression and one oil scraper.
The engine connecting rod is forged steel. The connecting rod cover is processed as an assembly with the connecting rod, and therefore, when reassembling the motor, it is impossible to rearrange the covers from one connecting rod to another. The connecting rod cover is secured with bolts that are screwed into the connecting rod. A steel-bronze bushing is pressed into the piston head of the connecting rod. The crankshaft is forged steel, 5-bearing, with a crank radius of 47 mm, having 8 counterweights for better unloading of the supports. The wear resistance of the necks is provided by HDTV hardening or gas nitriding.
The crankshaft main bearing shells are steel-aluminum. Upper bearings with grooves and holes, lower bearings without both. Connecting rod bearing shells - steel-bronze, without grooves and holes. A flywheel is attached to the crankshaft flange at its rear end with eight bolts.
The right side of the engine: 1 - starter; 2 – fuel fine filter (FTOT) (transport position); 3 – the traction relay of a starter; 4 – a cover of a drive of the oil pump; 5 - rear bracket lifting the engine; 6 - receiver; 7 - high pressure fuel lines; 8 - high pressure fuel pump (TNVD); 9 - rear support of high pressure fuel pump; 10 - attachment point "-" of the KMSUD wire; 11 - coolant supply hose to the liquid-oil heat exchanger; 12 - fitting of the vacuum pump; 13 - generator; 14 - vacuum pump; 15 - cover of the lower hydraulic tensioner; 16 - crankshaft position sensor; 17 - oil supply hose to the vacuum pump; 18 - oil pressure indicator sensor; 19 - oil filter; 20 - branch pipe of the liquid-oil heat exchanger of the coolant outlet; 21 - oil drain hose from the vacuum pump; 22 - oil sump; 23 - amplifier crankcase clutch
The camshafts are made of low carbon alloy steel, carburized to a depth of 1.3…1.8 mm and hardened. The engine has 2 camshafts: for driving the intake and exhaust valves. The cams of the shafts are multi-profile, asymmetrical with respect to the axes of the cams. Each shaft has 5 bearing journals. The shafts rotate in bearings, which are located in the aluminum cylinder head and are closed with covers. Camshaft drive chain, two-stage.
Lubrication system
Engine lubrication system - combined, multifunctional. Under pressure, the crankshaft main and connecting rod bearings, camshaft and intermediate shaft bearings, oil pump drive parts, valve drive lever supports and chain tensioners, turbocharger bearings are lubricated. The remaining parts of the motor are lubricated by splashing. The pistons are cooled by jets of oil. The oil pressure brings the hydraulic bearings and hydraulic tensioners into working position. The oil pump is installed between the cylinder block and oil filter. It is gear, single-section.
Cross section of the engine: 1 - receiver; 2 – a head of cylinders; 3 - hydrosupport; 4 - camshaft inlet valves; 5 – valve drive lever; 6 - inlet valve; 7 – exhaust valve camshaft; 8 - exhaust valve; 9 - piston; 10 - exhaust manifold; 11 - piston pin; 12 - coolant drain cock; 13 - connecting rod; 14 - crankshaft; 15 - oil level indicator; 16 – oil pump; 17 - roller drive oil and vacuum pumps; 18 - piston cooling nozzle; 19 - cylinder block; 20 - bypass pipe of the heater tube; 21 – outlet branch pipe of the heater tube; 22 - inlet pipe
Cooling system - liquid, closed, with forced circulation, with coolant supply to the cylinder block thermostat type TS 108-01, with solid filler, single-valve cooling system pump Centrifugal, driven by a V-ribbed belt from the crankshaft pulley.
There are new diesel engines of this brand on the market, their cost is about three hundred thousand rubles, and starts at 270,000 rubles.
Despite the fact that Ulyanovsk all-wheel drive vehicles with diesel engines proved to be noticeably better in terms of driving characteristics than gasoline ones, there were very few people who wanted to overpay for this with a little over 100 thousand. In addition, the engines of the 3M3-514 family have developed a bad reputation in terms of reliability and durability. This led to the curtailment by the Sollers company (which owns both ZMZ and UAZ) of the project under the conditional name "Diesel UAZs".
Elegant Hunter
As you know, off-road vehicles are designed to overcome difficult terrain. They must have certain advantages that will allow them to move in conditions heavy off-road. In order for a car to confidently overcome depressions, it needs a powerful engine and all-wheel drive.
Of course, with such requirements, fuel consumption increases. Not all off-road enthusiasts are ready to constantly spend money on gasoline. That's why domestic auto industry began to produce SUVs UAZ Hunter diesel.
What is a diesel UAZ
UAZ Hunter is the heir to the time-tested UAZ 469, which is still popular among motorists to this day. This was the main reason for the start of production of Hunter. The car cannot boast of a prestigious design, but its specifications provide high sales.
Hunter with a diesel engine has absorbed everything best qualities his predecessor. At the same time, several improvements were made to the design of the SUV, which made it possible to increase its quality at times. For example, the door locking mechanism has been modernized, now they close quite simply and without unnecessary noise. The body was covered with expensive enamel, which gives the SUV a modern look.
In order to improve ground clearance raised the footrest of the car and narrowed the doorway. This slightly affected the overall comfort, as it became less convenient to climb into the cab. The seats have become more anatomical, this has increased the spaciousness of the cabin. Now you can place additional seats at the back, and luggage compartment equip with a hinged door, as on modern SUVs.
Hunter has no shortcomings of the 469 model, among which were the unsuccessful gearbox design and low engine power. The upgraded diesel SUV has the following advantages:
- the interior has become more convenient and comfortable;
- significantly reduced fuel consumption;
- engine and transmission upgraded;
- improved suspension design scheme;
- increased cabin volume and load capacity.
Diesel engine makes the car more maneuverable
Owner reviews indicate that the car has become multifunctional. It can be used not only in off-road conditions, but also as a family car for outdoor trips.
Numerous reviews of the SUV have confirmed that it has a 5-speed mechanical box transmissions from Hyundai Dymos. The gearbox of this manufacturer is different high quality significantly exceeding the characteristics of the domestic analogue.
Advantages of a diesel engine over a gasoline engine
When deciding on the type of engine - diesel or gasoline, it is necessary to take into account the differences between them.
The gasoline Hunter is equipped with a 4-cylinder 16-valve ZMZ-409 engine with a capacity of 128 hp. With. and a volume of 2.7 liters. The manufacturer recommends refueling the engine with AI-92 gasoline. Fuel consumption is 13.2 liters per 100 km in the combined cycle. The SUV has a top speed of 130 km/h.
The diesel Hunter is equipped with a 4-cylinder 16-valve ZMZ-514 engine with a capacity of 114 hp. With. and a volume of 2.2 liters. The average fuel consumption per 100 km is only 10.5 liters. UAZ is capable of accelerating to 120 km / h, developing a torque that reaches 270 Nm.
Based on this, we can confidently say that a diesel engine allows you to save not only on the purchase of a cheaper type of fuel, but also on its consumption. Wherein maximum speed ZMZ-514 slightly loses the speed of ZMZ-409. The price of an economical SUV exceeds the cost gasoline hunter for 50 thousand rubles Savings on gasoline will pay off the overpayment after 20 thousand kilometers.
Diesel engine adds auto power
During operation, the diesel engine does not respond to the load of the car with passengers. The results of the test drive showed that the economical engine does not overheat both when driving on an asphalt surface and when overcoming heavy off-road conditions. When using a gasoline engine, this problem is still present.
ZMZ-514 engines are designed for installation on UAZ vehicles with a 4x4 wheel arrangement and gross weight up to 3,500 kg and operation at ambient temperatures from minus 45°С to plus 40°С, relative air humidity up to 75% at a temperature of plus 15°С, air dust content up to 1 g/m 3 , as well as in areas located on altitude up to 4000 m above sea level.
At the moment (2016) there are two models in the line of ZMZ diesel engines: ZMZ-5143.10 with mechanical injection pump and ZMZ-51432.10 CRS common rail fuel system
Engine appearance ZMZ-5143.10:
Engine appearance ZMZ-51432.10 CRS
History of the engine
The history of the diesel engine at ZMZ began in 1978, when the GAZ plant issued a task to ZMZ to design a new family of E403.10 engines for the promising Volga. The program also included a 2.3-liter turbodiesel with a cast-iron cylinder block. Estimated power - 80–90 liters. With. But then it didn’t come to the diesel.
402.10.
In 1982 - 1984 work was carried out to create a diesel engine for passenger car"Volga" with a working volume of 2.45 dm3, a maximum power of 50 kW (68 hp) at a crankshaft speed of 4500 min-1 with a minimum specific consumption of 251.6 g/kWh (185 g/l.s-h). The engine was designed with an aluminum cylinder block cast in a chill mold. To obtain a "soft" working process, a vortex chamber combustion process was used; to ensure the reliability of the cylinder-piston group, anchor studs were used to tighten the cylinder head, cylinder block and crankshaft bearings into a single package. The piston is made of aluminum alloy with a special micro-relief and a barrel-shaped skirt profile. Engine compression ratio - 20.5, fuel pump drive - from gear camshaft. The design of the engine provided for jet cooling of the pistons, an oil filter clogging indicator, and a preheater.
The prototype engine has passed laboratory and road tests, including at the NAMI test site as part of the GAZ-24 Volga passenger car.
However, in connection with the decision taken at that time by the Ministry of the Automotive Industry to reorient the Ulyanovsk Motor Plant to organize the production of small-capacity diesel engines with the simultaneous development of diesel fuel equipment, further work at ZMZ was stopped.
Diesel engine based on ZMZ406.10.
In 1992, the plant mastered a new Gas engine ZMZ-406.10. Simultaneously with the installation of gasoline engines on the conveyor, they began to create a turbodiesel based on them.
Based on preliminary studies and the desire to have maximum unification with the base engine ZMZ-406.10, it was decided to reduce the cylinder diameter to 86 mm. This was achieved by installing a dry thin-walled sleeve in a cast-iron monoblock; at the same time, it was possible to maintain the dimensions of the main and connecting rod bearings of the base engine and, accordingly, have almost complete unification in the processing of the cylinder block and crankshaft.
Provided for the use of turbocharging and charge air cooling
In November 1995, the first sample of a 105-horsepower diesel engine 406D.10 was manufactured and assembled.
Prototype diesel engine ZMZ-406D.10 in the experimental shop. December 1995: 
When designing, the following engine parameters were taken:
At the Yaroslavl Diesel Equipment Plant (YAZDA), according to the technical requirements of ZMZ, a small-sized multi-nozzle fuel injector was developed and manufactured, which made it possible to resolve issues of fine-tuning the working process only with domestic manufacturers.
Diesel engine ZMZ-406D.10 in the Experimental shop of the UGK: 
Tests ZMZ-406D.10. April 1998: 
Cross section of the ZMZ-406D.10 engine 
Appearance ZMZ-406D.10 
Appearance of the first ZMZ-406D.10:
For further fine-tuning, the new engine was sent to England to specialists from the Ricardo company.
The British advised to change the design of the cylinder head, which was with a V-shaped valve arrangement. The head was redesigned: the shape of the combustion chamber was changed, the valves were placed vertically.
In 2002, the engine was demonstrated in Moscow at the Moscow Motor Show:
But due to the unstable quality of components and the technological complexity of processing parts at the plant itself, serial production was curtailed by the beginning of 2004.
However, work on bringing the new engine continued. The design of the head and block has changed, as a result of which their rigidity has increased. For better sealing of the gas joint, instead of the domestic flexible cylinder head gasket, they began to use imported multilayer metal. The refinement and manufacture of the pistons was entrusted to the German company Mahle. Changes that improve reliability and resource also affected the connecting rods, timing chains and a number of small parts. As a result, in November 2005, the production of diesel engines under the index ZMZ-5143.
Design ZMZ-5143 is.
The cylinder head is made of aluminum alloy. The vertical valves are driven by two camshafts through one-arm levers with rollers on needle bearings. valve mechanism with German INA hydraulic bearings.
Camshaft drive - chain, two-stage, similar to ZMZ-406. However, the length of the chains is different, and for tension, instead of plastic levers, an asterisk was used, which, in the order of reverse unification, was also introduced on gasoline engines. Chain tensioners - hydraulic.
Cylinder block made of special cast iron. The casting is unified with the petrol block ZMZ-406. The cylinder diameter is 87 mm, the piston stroke is 94 mm (for the gasoline "406th" engine - 92x86 mm). Special nozzles are located in the crankcase of the block, through which the oil coming from the central line cools the pistons.
The crankshaft is original, forged steel with a crank radius of 47 mm - the forging is made by KamAZ. The shaft is hardened by hardening by high frequency currents or by nitriding the outer surface.
The piston with a combustion chamber in the bottom is made of aluminum alloy with a ni-resist insert for the compression ring; the skirt is treated with anti-friction composition "Molikot". Piston rings- Goetze company.
Fuel equipment "Bosch". High pressure fuel pump with mechanical regulator. Especially for the ZMZ-514, Bosch has finalized its VE-type distribution pump, which now develops a maximum pressure of 1100 bar and has correctors for boost and for warming up the engine in winter. The high pressure fuel pump is driven from the crankshaft by a VAZ 2112 toothed belt, covered with a protective cover.
Bosch injectors are double-spring injectors that allow for preliminary fuel injection. Fine fuel filter with manual pump, heater, water separator - Bosch, high-pressure fuel lines - Guido.
Turbocharger - Czech, plant "ChZ-Strakonice AS", also adapted by "Garrett", which has a higher efficiency.
Since 2006, these motors have been serially installed on the UAZ Hunter.
In 2007, ZMZ-514 was also adapted for installation on commercial vehicles UAZ.
In 2012, the production of ZMZ-51432.10 CRS with a Common Rail fuel supply system that meets Euro-4 environmental requirements was mastered. These engines are installed on passenger cars and utility vehicles. UAZ Patriot, Hunter, Pickup and Cargo
Engine marking
The family of engines ZMZ-514.10 is a 4-cylinder 16-valve diesel engines with a displacement of 2.24 liters
| Engine designation according to design documentation | VDS descriptive marking | Characteristics completeness and execution of the engine | Applicability on the car |
| Complete with fuel pump high pressure VE 4/11F 2100RV | |||
| 514.1000400 | 51400 | Basic completeness in a single version with a high-pressure fuel pump VE 4/11F 2100RV, without power steering and fan drive. | |
| 514.1000400-10 | 51400A | Basic completeness in a single version with clutch housing, SROG, power steering, without fan | cars of GAZ OJSC |
| 514.1000400-20 | 51400B | Basic completeness in a single version with a high-pressure fuel pump VE 4 / 11F 2100RV, with power steering and fan drive, oil crankcase of the ZMZ-5141 engine, with an oil filter of reduced dimensions. | |
| 5141.1000400 | 514100 | Completeness in a single version with a high-pressure fuel pump VE 4/11F 2100RV, power steering, air conditioning, without a fan. | |
| 5143.1000400 | 514300 | Basic completeness in a single version with a high-pressure fuel pump VE 4/11F 2100RV, power steering. | |
| 5143.1000400-10 | 51430A | Completeness in a single version with a high-pressure fuel pump VE 4/11F 2100RV, power steering, air conditioning. | |
| 5143.1000400-20 | 51430V | Completeness in one version with high pressure fuel pump VE 4/11F 2100RV, fan drive and power steering pump brackets. | |
| 5143.1000400-30 | 51430C | Completeness in a single version with a high-pressure fuel pump VE 4/11F 2100RV, a fan drive and power steering brackets, with fuel supply lines changed compared to basic configuration, length. | |
| 5143.1000400-40 | 51430D | Completeness in a single version with a fan drive, a vacuum pump combined with a generator, a clutch housing, an SROG, a power steering | UAZ-315148 "Hunter" |
| 5143.1000400-41 | 51430G | Completeness in a single version with a fan drive, a vacuum pump on the cylinder block, SROG, power steering, without clutch housing | UAZ-315148 "Hunter" |
| 5143.1000400-42 | 51430H | Completeness in a single version with a fan drive, a vacuum pump on the cylinder block, SROG, a branch pipe for connecting an autonomous heater-heater, power steering, without a clutch housing | UAZ-296608 |
| 5143.1000400-50 | 51430E | Completeness in a single version with a high-pressure fuel pump VE 4/11F 2100RV, a fan drive and power steering pump brackets, without a fuel priming pump, with a bypass valve on the fuel fine filter. | |
| 5143.1000400-80 | 51430L | Completeness in a single version with a fan drive, a vacuum pump on the cylinder block, SROG, an exhaust gas recirculation cooler, power steering, without a clutch housing | |
| 5143.1000400-81 | 51430M | Completeness in a single version with a fan drive, a vacuum pump on the cylinder block, SROG, a recirculated exhaust gas cooler, a branch pipe for connecting an autonomous heater-heater, power steering, without a clutch housing | UAZ-315148 "Hunter" environmental class 3 |
| 5143.1000400-43 | 51430R | Completeness in a single version with a fan drive, a vacuum pump on the cylinder block, a branch pipe for connecting an autonomous heater-heater, power steering, without a clutch housing, without SROG | UAZ-315108 "Hunter" for MO) |
| 5143.1000400-60 | 51430S | Completeness in a single version with a fan drive, a vacuum pump on the cylinder block, a branch pipe for connecting an autonomous heater-heater, a clutch housing, a small-sized oil filter, power steering, without SROG | UAZ-396218 ("Loaf" - ambulance car off-road, for MO) |
| Complete sets of ZMZ-51432 diesel engines for UAZ vehicles of ecological class 4 (Euro4) | |||
| 51432.1000400 | 51432A | Without clutch housing under DYMOS gearbox; SANDEN air conditioner compressor; power steering pump Delphi; generator 120A | |
| 51432.1000400-01 | 51432B | Without clutch housing under DYMOS gearbox; SANDEN air conditioner compressor; power steering pump Delphi; generator 120A; branch pipe 40624.1148010 for connecting an independent heater. | UAZ-31638 "Patriot", UAZ-31648 "Patriot Sport", UAZ-23638 "Pickup", UAZ-23608 "Cargo" |
| 51432.1000400-10 | 51432C | Without clutch housing under DYMOS gearbox; power steering pump Delphi; generator 80 A or 90 A. | UAZ-31638 "Patriot", UAZ-31648 "Patriot Sport", UAZ-23638 "Pickup", UAZ-23608 "Cargo" |
| 51432.1000400-20 | 51432D | Without clutch housing under DYMOS gearbox; power steering pump; generator 80 A or 90 A. | UAZ-315148 "Hunter" |
| 51432.1000400-21 | 51432E | Without clutch housing for DYMOS gearbox; power steering pump; generator 80 A or 90 A; branch pipe 40624.1148010 for connecting an independent heater. | UAZ-315148 "Hunter" |
| 51432.1000400-22 | 51432F | with clutch housing under 5 manual gearbox ADS; power steering pump; generator 80 A or 90 A. | UAZ-315148 "Hunter" |
| 51432.1000400-23 | 51432G | with clutch housing for 5 speed gearbox ADS; power steering pump; generator 80 A or 90 A; branch pipe 40624.1148010 for connecting an auxiliary heater | UAZ-315148 "Hunter" |
ZMZ-514 engines are the brainchild of ZMZ OJSC. This is a company operating in the field of mechanical engineering. In our country it largest manufacturer gasoline power units. More than 80 variations come out of the conveyors of this plant different engines for cars of UAZ, PAZ and GAZ brands. The company also produces more than 5,000 automotive components. It is part of the syndicate of OAO Sollers. Its history began in 1958.
The specialists of this company came up with a rather interesting device for the ZMZ-514 engines. This also applies to their components and principles of work. Turbocharging technology deserves special attention.
You will be interested:
The most popular novelties of the UAZ concern with designated engines are also presented in the material presented.
Structure
ZMZ-514 engines, as a rule, have 12 elements. They are shown in the diagram below and numbered accordingly.
The engine includes:
ZMZ 514 is an economical and unpretentious diesel engine installed on UAZ Patriot cars and a number of other car models from the UAZ automaker.
This power unit was developed in 2002 and is produced today with minor changes.
Specifications
Modification of the ZMZ 514 engine has the following characteristics:
| PARAMETER | MEANING |
|---|---|
| Weight | 220 kg |
| Working volume | 2.235 liters |
| Power | 113.5 liters With. at 3500 rpm. |
| Combustion chamber configuration | in-line |
| Block material | cast iron |
| Cylinder head material | aluminum |
| Compression ratio | 19.5 |
| Number of valves per cylinder | 4 |
| Fuel system | direct injection turbocharged |
| Cooling system | liquid with forced circulation |
| Fuel type | diesel |
| Fuel consumption | 12.5 on UAZ Patriot |
The engine is installed on UAZ Patriot, Cargo, Hunter, Pickup and.
Description
The development of the ZMZ 514 diesel engine began at the Zavolzhsky Motor Plant in 2002, which is still in production.
But back in 1978, it was planned to produce a diesel engine with a capacity of 90 Horse power designed for installation on UAZ vehicles.
The development of the engine was carried out for 15 years, during which several prototypes were made that did not provide adequate reliability and did not differ in acceptable performance fuel economy.
In 1993, it was decided to intensify the development diesel engine, and promising gasoline was taken as a basis. As a result, two years later, the first prototype was produced, which received the index 406D.10. This two-liter 105 horsepower engine became the basis for the creation of a power unit of the ZMZ 514 family.
The design of the new power unit was carried out by specialists with the involvement of English mechanics from the Ricardo company. The tests carried out in England showed the imperfection of the cylinder block, as a result, it was decided to use not cast iron for the manufacture of the cylinder head, but more durable and lightweight aluminum. The ZMZ 514 cylinder block is made of cast iron using injection molding technology.
Modifications
In 2002, the first batch of ZMZ 514 diesel engines was assembled, which were installed on the Gazelle. However, already in the first year of operation, it turned out that there were difficulties with servicing the engines of this series, and two years later, production was stopped.
ZMZ engineers started working on the engine, which lasted for a year and a half. As a result of the revision, the design of the connecting rods, cylinder block and timing chain was changed.
- In November 2005, production of the second generation of this power unit was resumed, which received the ZMZ 5143 index. This engine has proven itself with the best side. It was economical, easy to maintain and reliable. New engine install on UAZ vehicles hunter.
- Released in 2012 upgraded version power unit, which received the index ZMZ 51432.10 CRS. This version of the engine was equipped with Common Rail and fully complied with the stringent environmental requirements of the Euro-4 standard. The series engine was installed on UAZ Patriot, Pickup, Hunter and Cargo vehicles.
The use of a direct fuel injection system on ZMZ 51432 Common Rail has significantly improved fuel efficiency. In comparison with the previous generation of this engine, ZMZ 514 consumed 10 percent less diesel fuel and at the same time provided better engine response at low revs.
At the same time, it must be said that the use of this electronic system direct fuel injection led to the complexity of the design of the power unit ZMZ 514, and, consequently, decreased reliability.
Design
- The ZMZ 514 diesel engine is distinguished by its simple design, and thanks to the widespread use of aluminum, it was possible to reduce the weight of the power unit to 220 kilograms.
- Factory fabricate installed on this model engine increased interservice mileage, which made it possible to significantly simplify the operation of the car. The engine turned out to be undemanding to the quality of the oil, and a well-thought-out cooling system excluded the failure of the engine due to its overheating.
- This power unit used a timing belt chain drive, which eliminated the need for complex work to replace or adjust the timing chain.
- A characteristic feature of the upgraded ZMZ 514 was the use of a combined lubrication system, which simultaneously sprayed oil and lubricated the moving elements of the motor under pressure.
- The service interval for changing the oil is 15 thousand kilometers. However, car owners themselves recommend constantly checking the oil level. Blackened oil indicates the need to replace it and carry out other service procedures with the motor.
- The motor pistons are cast from a reinforced aluminum alloy, which ensures their maximum possible resource. The piston skirt is made with a special barrel shape and has an anti-friction coating. Such a coating does not burn out even after 200 thousand kilometers.
- It must be said that power part motor ZMZ 514 has established itself as quite reliable and durable. Piston burnout or crankshaft breakdown are extremely rare and are caused by improper engine operation. Such breakdowns are often caused by prolonged work under load and the use of low-quality fuel.
- The updated ZMZ 51432 engine has four valves for each cylinder, and an intercooler is responsible for cooling the air entering the cylinders, the use of which made it possible to significantly increase the power of the ZMZ 51432 engine and improve its behavior at low speeds.
- The turbine used, although it has a turbo lag characteristic of inflatable engines, is reliable and does not require any significant repairs. Its resource is equal to the resource of the entire power unit.
- The engine has a power supply system from the German company BOSCH, which eliminated the existing problems with the operation of glow plugs. The engine resource is declared at the level of 250 thousand kilometers. Overhaul may be required with a run of 300 thousand kilometers or more.
Faults
| MALFUNCTION | CAUSE |
|---|---|
| Loss of fluid from the cooling system | This could be due to damage cylinder head gaskets, and damage to the cylinder head itself due to overheating motor. If replace the gasket does not represent difficulties, then here is the grinding or replacement cylinder head has enough high cost. It must be remembered that that several varieties of this were produced power unit, so the cylinder head should be selected by VIN number. |
| The appearance of a signal about insufficient oil pressure in the lubrication system | The reason for this may be a damaged oil pump that stops pumping oil. Also the performance of the oil pump may fall due to a clogged filter. Repair consists in checking the oil filter and pump replacement. |
| Engine knocking and total loss of power | This is typical for an open timing chain and piston hitting valves. car needed transfer to a service on a tow truck and produce motor opening. In most cases costly overhaul required ZMZ 514 with the replacement of valves and pistons. |
| Vibration on cold car | The reason may be a failed spark plug. ignition or coil problem. Repair is to identify the failed node and its replacement. |
| The car refuses to start after a long parking in the winter | The reason for this may be the use low-quality fuel that has frozen in freezing. In this case, it is necessary to drive car in warm garage or wait warming outside. |
tuning
The ZMZ 514 diesel engine has a significant margin of safety, which allows you to increase engine power through the use of reconfigured control programs, and with the help of major engineering tuning.
When engaged in increasing the power of this power unit, it should be remembered that the car owner carries out all work solely at his own peril and risk.
- The simplest and relatively reliable way to increase the power of the ZMZ 514 is the so-called chip tuning, which involves the installation of a new control unit. This allows you to get an increase of about twenty horsepower. Some chip tuning options require removal particulate filter, which leads to a deterioration in exhaust standards and reduces the life of the motor.
- Installing a lightweight crankshaft and bored cylinders on the ZMZ 514 allows you to get an additional 10 to 15 horsepower.
- Many car owners install a lightweight flywheel, which also increases engine power by 5-8 horsepower.
- Extreme tuning options involve replacing the turbine with sports model with increased pressure. However, in this case, the engine life can be significantly reduced.
- Replacement of regular exhaust system engine ZMZ 514 will also increase the power of the power unit. Depending on the sports exhaust model used, a car can get between 8 and 10 extra horsepower.
- Another 2-3 horses will be added by replacing the standard air filter for a sporty version with zero resistance.
In total, the work carried out to increase the power of the ZMZ 514 will make it possible to obtain an additional 40 to 60 horsepower. You just need to remember that when performing tuning, you need to turn to professionals, which will allow you to carry out all the work technically competently, and if your engine’s resource deteriorates, it will be insignificant.
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