"Kia-Sportige-2.0CRDi-AT-Premium", from 1,379,900 rubles, CAR from 12.80 rubles / km
As a riding instructor recently explained to me, the main purpose of thoroughbred horses is to race. Due to their explosive nature, excessive energy, they are not suitable for ordinary amateurs. These four-legged aristocrats need daily gallop relief and the hand of a master, otherwise the consequences can be unpredictable. Indeed, even their heart is larger and more powerful than that of horses of other breeds, their lungs are larger.
It was this information that for some reason came to my mind when I found myself at the wheel of a 184-horsepower "Sportage". Calm rhythm of everyday life road traffic, whose average speed does not exceed 50 km / h, he definitely does not like it. My thoroughbred horse even started up the hill so that just hold on, and instantly reacted to any pressing of the accelerator pedal, every minute trying to overtake the ride that had suddenly become unusually slow. He did it so briskly and playfully that it was almost impossible to resist the urge to play pranks.
Height adjustment and lumbar support to help the driver find a comfortable fit
However, it is not surprising. The aluminum R-series diesel four, which Sportage (and its ix35 cousin) received in 2009, is the pride of the Kia and Hyundai engineers. Equipped with a turbine with an aftercooler and a third-generation Common Rail injection system from Bosch, it delivers 136 horsepower in its quietest version. But the variable geometry of the turbine blades made it possible to increase the power by 48 hp. with., and the torque at 63 N.m. Considering that the mass of the 184-horsepower car has not increased by a single gram, it is clear where such an impressive vigor appeared in the character of such a "Sportage".
True, at good speeds in the car, the noise of the wheels and the sounds from the cars passing by is well heard. And the crossover's suspension is pretty stiff. Cracks and small potholes in the asphalt do not interfere, but on more serious obstacles "Sportage" begins to rumble noticeably, and the fifth point feels well the road seams and holes. But all the maneuvers on the road, my four-wheel drive "Kia" performed easily and naturally.
The 18-inch rims suit the Sportige very well. However, on our roads, wheels that are smaller by an inch, perhaps, should be recognized as much more practical.
Just do not expect special efficiency from such a fast horse. And in any case, the wonderful six-plus liters per hundred, which is promised by the official characteristics. My "Sportage", equipped, by the way, with everything that can be placed in a car, and even with the heater working at full capacity, ate at least 10-11 liters on average. After all, such a powerful and fast car I just want to drive, so my purebred stallion begins to whip "diesel fuel" with buckets. Remember that the Arabian horses in the stables of the sheikhs are fed with hay, which is transported by air from Canada. So that…
So the diesel "Sportidge", which reaches a hundred in 9.8 seconds, is prepared exclusively for those who do not want to put up with the calm character of his younger diesel brother and do not agree to a petrol horse. This stallion is for those who want the fastest and fastest version of all the existing ones. At the same time, the buyer has no choice: if he wants a nimble diesel engine, then a premium set of several dozen necessary and not particularly options with four-wheel drive and he is obliged to purchase it “automatically”, having paid 1,379,900 rubles for it. And the brother of our purebred horse is not supposed to have such a configuration at all, the ceiling of the 136-horsepower "Sportage" is a version of "Laksheri". It does not have a panoramic roof, leather interior and a parking lot, and instead of 18-inch wheels are installed per inch smaller in diameter.
We decided:
The most powerful diesel "Sportage" will delight its owner with impressive agility and almost exhaustive equipment. True, you will have to pay for this with a ruble: it is 80 thousand more expensive than the equally richly equipped gasoline and 130 thousand less powerful diesel counterpart.
Unlike the rest of the world, where “Sportidge” has as many as seven different engines, in Russia the choice of buyers is not so great - only three engines. The most powerful "Sportage" is 2.3 seconds faster than its younger diesel brother and almost a second outperforms the petrol version with mechanics. And good horses, of course, are always valuable ...
Hyundai uses its own engines to install on its cars, which have proven themselves from the very better side... About what motors Hyundai equips cars for Russian market, about their main characteristics, features and applicability, as well as general information on South Korean power units - you will learn all this from this article.
A general look at Hyundai engines
Hyundai, like many other large carmakers, equips its cars with engines of its own production, which makes it independent from third-party manufacturers. However, this was not always the case: for many years the company produced motors under license from Mitsubishi, and only in 1989 (22 years after the formation of the company) a completely self-developed motor was released.
Today Hyundai produces several types of power plants for various purposes:
Inline 4-cylinder gasoline engines small volume for cars, vans and light commercial trucks;
... Small in-line 4-cylinder diesel engines for cars, vans and light commercial trucks;
... Large in-line 4-cylinder diesel engines for trucks;
... V-shaped 6-cylinder gasoline engines for passenger cars (including crossovers);
... Large in-line 6-cylinder diesel engines for heavy duty trucks and buses;
... V-shaped 8-cylinder petrol engines for luxury cars;
... V-shaped 8-cylinder diesel engines for trucks and buses.
In addition, the Hyundai lineup includes several 3-cylinder gasoline engines, as well as a mass of engines with a volume of 53 to 678 cm 3 (power from 2 to 30 hp) used on generators and small equipment (snow plows, motor scooters, motor cultivators, etc. etc.). But here we will only talk about car engines.
A - South Korea, Asan;
... B - China, Beijing;
... H - South Korea, Hwasun;
... K - USA, Montgomery;
... M - India, Chennai;
... P - South Korea, Poseung;
... S - South Korea, Sohari;
... T - Turkey, Izmit;
... U - South Korea, Ulsan;
... W - China, Shandong;
... Z - Slovakia, Zilina;
... 1 - China, Yancheng.
Usually, the full marking is indicated only in the documents for the car, more often you can see engines with a four-digit designation, which is usually more than enough. For example, on Hyundai solaris two engines are installed - G4FA and G4FC, which means that we have gasoline 4-cylinder engines of the Gamma generation (as indicated by the letter "F") with a volume of 1.4 liters (the letter "A" in the first engine) and 1.6 liters ( letter "C" in the second motor).
The marking is knocked out on the engine, its location depends on the specific power unit. But usually the marking is applied to the cylinder block in such a place that it can be seen without special manipulations - just open the hood.
Engines of current models of Hyundai cars
Hyundai uses a wide variety of engines, and one model for different markets is often equipped with different motors... Therefore, here we will consider only those engines that are used in Hyundai vehicles intended for sale in Russia.
Up-to-date the lineup engines for passenger cars Hyundai cars next:
Gamma 1.4 (MPi, petrol, 1396 cm 3, 100 HP, i30);
... Gamma 1.4 (MPi, petrol, 1396 cm 3, 107 HP, Solaris);
... Gamma 1.6 (MPi, petrol, 1591 cm 3, 123 hp, Solaris);
... Gamma 1.6 (MPi, petrol, 1591 cm 3, 130 HP, i30);
... Gamma 1.6 (MPi, gasoline, 1591 cm 3, 132 HP, Elantra, Veloster);
... Nu 1.8 (MPi, petrol, 1797cc, 150hp, Elantra);
... Nu 2.0 (MPi, petrol, 1999 cc, 150 hp, i40, ix35);
... Theta II 2.4 (MPi, gasoline, 173 HP, 2359 cc, H1);
... Theta II 2.4 (MPi, gasoline, 180 HP, Grandeur);
... Theta II 2.4 (MPi, petrol, 175 HP, Santa Fe);
... Lambda II 3.0 (GDi, V6, petrol, 249 HP, Genesis);
... Lambda II 3.0 (MPi, V6, gasoline, 2999 cm 3, 250 HP, Grandeur);
... Lambda II 3.3 (MPi, V6, gasoline, 3342 cm 3, 271 HP, Grand Santa Fe);
... Lambda II 3.8 (GDi, V6, gasoline, 3778 cm 3, 315 HP, Genesis);
... Lambda II 3.8 (GDi (new modification), V6, gasoline, 3778 cm 3, 334 HP, Equus);
... Tau 5.0 (GDi (new modification). V8, petrol, 5038 cm 3, 430 hp, Equus);
... U II 1.6 (diesel, 1582 cm 3, 128 HP, i30);
... U II 1.7 (diesel, 1685 cm 3, 136 HP, i40);
... U II 2.0 (diesel, 136 HP, ix35);
... U II 2.0D (diesel, 184 HP, ix35);
... R 2.2 (diesel, 197 hp, Santa Fe, Grand Santa Fe);
... A II 2.5 (diesel, 2497 cm 3, 116 HP, 16 valves, H1);
... A II 2.5 (diesel, 2497 cm 3, 170 HP, 16 valves, H1).
Each line of engines has its own characteristics, specifications and applicability.
Line "Gamma"
The most common gasoline engines have relatively low power, small dimensions, low level noise and a high degree of environmental safety. This generation replaced the first generation of Hyundai Alpha gasoline engines. Engines share a number of common features and characteristics:
Inline 4-cylinder;
... Gasoline;
... MPi (multipoint injection);
... DOHC (two timing shafts in the cylinder head);
... D-CVVT (variable valve timing system);
... 16 valves (four valves per cylinder);
... Timing drive - chain;
... Aluminum cylinder block and cylinder head.
The line includes three modifications - G4FA (Gamma 1.4), G4FC and G4FC (both Gamma 1.6). The motors are installed on models Solaris, Accent, Elantra, Veloster, i30, ix35, i40, as well as on Kia cars Ria and Soul.
Ruler "Nu"
One of the new developments of Hyundai, these gasoline engines have occupied the "two-liter" niche between the Gamma and Theta II lines. These motors are equipped with the most modern systems and functions - MPi, CVVT, DOHC and others. The cylinder block and cylinder head are made of aluminum, so the motors, with good power indicators, are very light and compact.
This line in the Russian market is represented by two models:
G4NB (Nu 1.8, installed on Hyundai Elantra);
... G4NE (Nu 2.0, installs on ix35 and i40).
This generation also includes more powerful two-liter motors G4NA (164 hp) and G4NC (177 hp), which are equipped with a model no longer in production Hyundai tucson other.
Line "Theta II"
The Theta II gasoline engines have been produced since 2008, replacing the Theta engines, which had been produced only four years earlier. These power units have all the "family features" of Hyundai engines: an aluminum cylinder block and cylinder head, multi-point injection, two camshafts in the cylinder head, a timing system and others.
The lineup consists of more than a dozen motors, but today only 2.4-liter versions are supplied to Russia:
G4KE (installed on the Santa Fe crossover);
... G4KG (installed on minibus H-1);
... G4KJ (installed on Hyundai Grandeur, previously this model equipped with a less powerful G4KE unit).
Also, the Theta II lineup includes 1.8 and 2-liter engines, but Hyundai does not offer cars with these power plants to the domestic buyer.
Line "Lambda II"
A line of powerful 6-cylinder power units, installed mainly in expensive models of Hyundai and Kia cars. The motors have been manufactured since 2008 (the first generation Lambda was released in 2006), they have the following features:
V-shaped engine (angle V 60 °);
... Petrol;
... Availability of models with MPi (multipoint injection) and GDi (direct injection);
... D-CVVT (variable valve timing);
... Lightweight aluminum construction;
... Timing chain drive.
There are ten engines in the model range, however, only four modifications are installed on cars for the Russian market:
G6DG (Lambda 3.0, installed on Genesis);
... G6DH (Lambda 3.3, installed on Grand Santa Fe);
... G6DJ (lambda 3.8, installed on Genesis);
... G6DA-AC (lambda 3.8 new version, installed on Equus).
Other engines of this line are not supplied to our country.
Line "Tau"
The most powerful gasoline engines installed on cars executive class. Produced since 2008, they have the following characteristics:
V8 (V-shaped 8-cylinder, V angle - 90 °);
... Petrol;
... QOHC (four timing shafts - two in each cylinder head);
... D-CVVT;
... Aluminum construction;
... There are models with MPi and GDi.
The lineup consists of only three engines, now Hyundai supplies only one of them to Russia - the top-end 5-liter G8BE GDi installed on the Equus. Also in the line are the less powerful G8BA and G8BB engines with the MPi system.
Ruler "U II"
The simplest and most inexpensive Hyundai diesel engines designed for compact passenger cars. The motors have been produced since 2004 and have the following features:
Inline 4-cylinder;
... Diesel;
... CRDi (Common Rail fuel equipment);
... Equipped with a variable geometry turbocharger (VGT);
... Have a CVVT system;
... DOHC;
... 16 valves.
This line includes a large number of engines (more than a dozen modifications) with a volume of 1.1 to 1.7 liters. Cars arriving in Russia are currently equipped with two models:
D4FB (U II 1.6, 128 HP, installed on i30);
... D4FD (U II 1.7, 136 HP, installed on i40).
Some U II engines are also installed on Kia vehicles. Despite the high interest of domestic buyers in diesel engines, Hyundai supplies our country with a very limited range of cars using this type of fuel.
Ruler "R"
Newer and more powerful diesel engines produced since 2009. They have a number of non-trivial design solutions, but are generally similar to the motors described above (CRDi, DOHC, CVVT systems, VGT turbocharger, etc.). In Russia, the line is represented by three motors:
D4HA (R 2.0, 136 HP, installed on ix35);
... D4HA (R 2.0D, increased to 184 hp, also installed on the ix35);
... D4HB (R 2.2., 197 hp, installed on Santa Fe and Grand Santa Fe).
The car system with the CRDI designation, also called Common Rail, has certain advantages and some disadvantages. Today it is installed on a fairly wide range car engines, it is characterized by certain characteristic differences in their modifications.
The system, referred to as CRDI, was developed as the main system for powering the engine, but even now many car owners still consider it something too exotic, and based on this, not reliable. In fact, the situation is somewhat different, and CRDI is used on a large number of different car models.
For Daimler cars, this system is characterized by the designation CDI, CRD, on Fiat cars this abbreviation will be JTD, TTiD, DDiS, Ecotec CDTi, on Ford it is TDCi, Kia and Hyundai - CRDi or Common Rail Direct Injection, on Volkswagen Group - TDI ...
In addition to the automotive industry, power units that use this solution are very actively used in shipbuilding processes and on railway locomotives.
When translated from English "common rail" can be translated as "common rail" or "common rail".
In accordance with the name, the principle of operation of such a system is based on the process of supplying fuel to the injectors, using a common accumulator, in which a sufficiently dense fuel pressure is created, before it is injected. That is, a common rail was developed specifically for pumping high fuel pressure (it is also a common rail). The creation of high pressure during the fuel supply and its support throughout fuel system occurs regardless of the speed of rotation of the crankshaft in the unit or the actual amount of working fuel that is injected.
This is the main difference from the standard diesel-type system with a high-pressure fuel pump, as well as a cam-type drive, which is characterized by low pressure during fuel supply. The injection process is carried out by the injectors under the control of the EDC controller unit, using special magnetic solenoids, which are built directly into the injectors. Their activation comes from the control unit.
That is, from the very initial revolutions of the crankshaft in the engine, fuel is pumped into the common rail system, where it is under rather high pressure. From now on, it is always ready for injection. The features of the subsequent operation of the injector system and the entire mechanism as a whole also depend on the actions of the driver, which is calculated and implemented using the electronic control unit.
The processes of pumping and maintaining pressure, as well as the injection itself, are completely separated, the injection can be either two-phase or multiphase (up to 9 phases), depending on the nature of the vehicle's operating mode at the moment, load or high-speed.
The benefits of using Common Rail systems at all modern cars can be called, first of all, the ability to meet the strict requirements for efficiency and environmental cleanliness of the engine, which are steadily increasing every year.
In addition to reducing emissions, the system also helps to achieve significant savings through finer atomization of the fuel. This allows you to simultaneously reduce the amount of harmful emissions and noise levels, as well as increase the economy and engine power, due to more efficient, almost complete combustion of fuel. By means of high and constant pressure, during the injection process, it is also possible to achieve precise metering without any pressure waves.
The CRDi system, due to its stability in terms of maintaining a constant high pressure in the fuel supply line, eliminates the "wave" pressure surges that previously led to the destruction of the fuel lines. Thanks to this, the pressure can now be increased several times (up to 2,000 bar), and at the same time all the work taking place inside the nozzle will not have a destructive effect.
Among the certain disadvantages of the CRDi system, one can note slightly increased requirements for the purity and quality of diesel fuel. Due to the high precision of the system elements, as well as the constant high pressure, even the smallest foreign particles can damage the system components.
Modern passenger cars are increasingly equipped with diesel engines. This is especially true for mid-size and large cars. But the subcompact class is increasingly equipped with heavy fuel engines.
The dominant diesel engine option in recent years is CRDI system(abbreviation stands for Common Rail Direct Injection). What is a CRD engine, what are its advantages and disadvantages, why is it better than previous systems, we will talk about this in this article.
Common Rail in the name of such engines tells us about the presence of one, common fuel line... Indeed, CRDI engines use such a line, sometimes called a rail, in which the fuel is under constant, high pressure. This pressure provides familiar to motorists from previous diesel systems, fuel pump high pressure - injection pump. But unlike the classic injection pump system, the injectors do not open under the influence of excessive pressure, but with the help of special solenoids, which are controlled by the EDC unit. In Common Rail Direct Injection, the pressure in the system does not depend on the crankshaft speed or on the amount of actual fuel. Here the driver can only influence the amount of fuel that is injected, but the lead angle and the pressure with which diesel fuel is injected are all regulated by the electronic engine control unit. This solution makes it possible to separate the working pressure injection and the actual injection. And this, in turn, makes it possible to use more than one injection phase in one stroke. At first, CRDIs were produced in two-phase, but now some engines use up to nine injection phases per stroke.
Benefits of CRDI
Common Rail Direct Injection has a lot of advantages, we will list and analyze only the most important ones.
- profitability;
- power;
- reduction of harmful emissions;
- longer service life in comparison with the previous system;
- increased responsiveness and throttle response;
- smoother and quieter work;
Due to the creation and maintenance of a constant high pressure, the fuel is atomized more efficiently, which has a very positive effect on its combustion. And this is both power and efficiency, and reduced emissions.
Thanks to the use of multiphase injection, it is possible to achieve really soft and smooth engine operation throughout the entire rev range. This has a positive effect both on the ride itself and on the comfort of the driver and passengers.
One of the main disadvantages of the classic injection pump is the peculiar waves that arise during the operation of the motor. These pressure drops have a very negative effect on the service life of the system. In CRDI engines, this problem is absent, which allows them to work much longer. All these advantages have made CRDI diesels popular not only among motorists, the same or a similar system is used in new models of locomotives and in shipbuilding.
Potential CRDI Issues
Nevertheless, diesel cars in our country do not enjoy such love and popularity as in the West. There are reasons for this, and such a system also has its drawbacks.
For example, although Common Rail Direct Injection is more reliable than conventional systems with high pressure fuel pumps, the highest accuracy of all parts and elements, as well as the presence of many electronic components, make it not so reliable. The increasing complexity of the system almost always leads to a decrease in its reliability. This is especially felt by domestic motorists. After all, the most important parameter for a long and stable operation of a CRDI engine is the quality of the fuel. Serious problems often arise with this at domestic gas stations. So, simply and imperceptibly bad diesel fuel kills even the most reliable and high-quality motors.
The high cost of repairing or replacing CRDI engine elements is also well known to the owners of such machines. Modern renovation price diesel engines orders of magnitude exceed the cost of the same work for engines running on gasoline. In addition, to carry out repairs in such motors, you need special equipment and highly qualified professionals. And if there are not so many problems with the first one, then an experienced diesel engine repair specialist, especially in the provinces, is a real treasure.
And of course, the climatic features, and more specifically low temperatures in winter, can also create serious interference with the normal operation of the engine on heavy fuel, regardless of the system of this engine. And it is necessary to install fuel preheaters, autonomous stoves and other equipment designed to reduce the negative impact of frost on diesel fuel... Also for this purpose, various antigels and other additives are used.
Generally, correct selection auxiliary means allows you to eliminate most situations when in cold weather a diesel car refuses to start. But since gasoline engines such problems do not arise at all. So people try not to mess with diesel engines unnecessarily. Nevertheless, every year there are more and more of them on our streets and roads. There are specialists who are able to qualitatively repair CRDI and other types of diesel engines, the quality of diesel fuel improves, and the experience of operating such systems appears and expands. All this contributes to an increase in the number of heavy fuel vehicles.
As a result, we can say that Common Rail Direct Injection today is the best way systems for diesel engine and with a careful attitude towards it, such a motor will fully manifest all its advantages and positive qualities. Meanwhile, such engines have a number of disadvantages that make you think carefully before purchasing a car equipped with a CRDI engine.
Seeing unfamiliar letters, a potential car owner will definitely ask what a CRDI engine is. You have to know what you are going to buy, what you pay your honestly earned money for, what you will get for it - including, and what problems are planned in the future. What is interesting is that such a motor power system for some reason is considered almost exotic, and therefore causes some distrust.
However, this is a delusion: many automakers equip their products with it. They just call the system differently.
For example, Volkswagen calls it TDI, Fiat even has several names: CDTi, TtiD, DdiS, JTD; and General Motors may indicate that the machine is equipped with CDTi or VCDi. The names are different - the essence is the same. Another curious, but little-known fact: motors with a similar power supply are widely used in shipbuilding and railway trains. This alone can significantly increase the degree of confidence in her.
What is a CRDI engine can be understood by simply decoding the abbreviation. It stands for Common Rail Direct Injection, which, as a first approximation, should be interpreted as direct (injection) injection of the fuel mixture along the highway. However, the interlinear translation does little to illuminate the technical side of the issue, so let's figure out what we are dealing with.
The essence of the idea and the principle of its implementation
The idea is to make the pressure in the entire supply system independent of the frequency with which the crankshaft rotates as well as the volume of the supplied fuel. In conventional injectors, diesel fuel is supplied to the nozzles with a lower pressure, which rises in subsequent processes.
CRDI uses a common accumulator to create the required pressure, after which the fuel enters a common rail, also called a common rail. The needle on the nozzle rises not as a result of the high pressure, but by a special solenoid built directly into the nozzle.
Due to the fact that the 2 most important processes - creating the required pressure and direct fuel injection - are separated, it became possible to carry out injection in several phases, and they can be used in parallel during one working cycle. On the first models of this system, there was a two-phase injection; in modern, more advanced variations, the number of phases increased to 9.
What does the CRDI system give?
Thanks to all the described engineering tricks, an engine with such injection has a number of advantages.- Requirements for the environmental cleanliness of motors are becoming more and more stringent every year. CRDI fuel allocation enables full compliance with these regulations;
- A thin spray of diesel fuel allows you to spend much less fuel on the engine. Savings up to 25% for some engines;
- Precise, metered injection provides an increase in engine power by 40%;
- A side, but very pleasant consequence of the use of injection along the common highway was a noticeable decrease in engine noise - studies carried out by auto concerns showed a decrease in the sound background by 10%.
In short, the system has a beneficial effect on many engine characteristics.
but on the other hand
It can't be all right. Consequently, the CRDI injection system also has certain disadvantages.
The main thing that can confuse the owner of the car is CRDI's exactingness to fuel. Diesel fuel should be almost perfect, but in our open spaces it is not always possible to fill at least a good one.
Spare parts for the system cost a quarter more than more modest options. Here you can also complain that CRDI uses catastrophically many sensors - and this is its weak point... In addition, not everywhere there are car services with sufficiently trained craftsmen. For self repair the system is of little use: the work requires special equipment.
Of course, knowledge of what a CRDI engine is and what problems it can bring to its owner cannot be regarded as an obstacle to buying a car with such a unit. However, it is worth asking if there are competent specialists in your area, and it is still worth looking for a reliable gas station in advance: such actions will either warn possible problems, or, if they give negative results, make you think about another car.
