This Volkswagen T3 model is known in various markets under different names, including Transporter or Caravelle in Europe, Microbus in South Africa and Vanagon in the Americas or T25 in the United Kingdom.
VW T3 still had the Type2 index. But at the same time it was a different car. The wheelbase of the VW T3 has increased by 60 millimeters. The minibus has become 12.5 centimeters wider than the VW T2 and weighed 60 kilograms more (1365 kg) than its predecessor. The engine in it, as in earlier models, was located at the rear, which was already considered an outdated solution in the late 1970s, but it provided an ideal weight distribution of the car along the axes in the proportion of 50x50. A first for this vehicle class Volkswagen offers for the T3 model as an additional equipment power windows, an electric drive for adjusting the external rear-view mirrors, a tachometer, central locking, heated seats, headlamp cleaning system, rear wiper, retractable footrests for sliding side doors, and since 1985 air conditioning and four-wheel drive.
Syncro/ Caravelle Carat/ Multivan
In 1985, several important events take place at once in the history of VW minibuses and the T3 model in particular:
Under the Transporter Syncro brand, an all-wheel drive Volkswagen was put into mass production, the development of which began back in 1971. The Austrian Pinzgauer military van, which had been produced by that time since 1965, was taken as the basis for its chassis. Therefore, the parts of the minibus were produced in Hannover, and the final assembly took place at Steyr Deimler Puig in Graz, Austria. It was a commercial vehicle with high performance even on bad roads. His new elastic clutches transmitted the engine's tractive effort to front axle considering the situation on the road. Permanent four-wheel drive is carried out through a visco-clutch. The design was reliable and easy to operate, which ensured it a long life on a variety of Volkswagen cars. It was a complete independent replacement for the intermediate differential, which automatically created an almost 100% blocking effect when needed. Syncro later received a self-locking limited slip differential, which, together with other units, a fully independent suspension and a 50/50 weight distribution along the axles, made the T3 Syncro one of the best all-wheel drive cars of its time. The Transporter Syncro has been acclaimed by off-road fans and has taken part in a large number of motor races around the world.
In 1985, VW T3 minibuses began to be equipped with air conditioning. In particular, it was installed on the luxury Caravelle Carat, a car focused on the level of comfort for business customers. Busik got understated ground clearance due to faster wheels with low profile tires, alloy wheels, folding table, footrest lighting, suede trim, hi-fi audio system, seat armrests. 180° rotating second row seats were also offered.
In the same year, the first generation VW Multivan was introduced - a version of the T3 for universal family use. The concept of "Multivan" (multi-purpose passenger car) blurs the line between business and leisure - this was the birth of a universal passenger minivan.
During the 1980s, US Army infantry and air force bases stationed in Germany used te-thirds as conventional (non-tactical) vehicles. At the same time, the military used its nomenclature model designation - “light commercial truck / light truck, commercial”
Porsche has created a limited edition version of the VW T3 codenamed B32. The minibus was equipped with a 3.2-liter engine from the Porsche Carrera / Porsche Carrera and this version was originally designed to support the Porsche 959 in the Paris-Dakar / Paris-Dakar races.
Some versions for the North American market
The simplest versions of the US Vanagon had vinyl seat upholstery and a rather spartan interior. The Vanagon L already had fabric-wrapped seating, higher-quality interior trim, and optional air-conditioning in the dashboard. Vanagon GL was produced with a Westfalia roof and an extended list of options: a built-in kitchen and a folding bed. For the regular high-roof "Weekender" versions, which did not have the gas stove, stationary sink and built-in refrigerator in the basic equipment of the full camper versions, a compact portable "cabinet" was offered, which included a 12-volt refrigerator and a stand-alone version of the sink. "Weekender" versions featured rear-facing second-row seats and a fold-down table attached to the side wall.These pre-equipments were originally built in Westfalia's factories.
Production in South Africa
After 1991, production of the VW T3 continued in South Africa until 2002. For the local market in South Africa, VW renamed the T3 model to Microbus. Here she received a homologation - a slight "facelift", which included large windows in a circle (their size was increased compared to models made for other markets) and a slightly modified dashboard. The European wasserboxer engines were replaced with 5-cylinder engines from Audi and updated 4-cylinder engines from VW. Added 5-speed gearbox and 15" wheel disks standard on all versions. To more effectively match the onslaught of the 5-cylinder engine, large ventilated front disc brakes appeared. By the time the production was completed, the models were on sale exclusive versions, similar to the European Multivan with a second row of seats turned 180 degrees and a folding table.
Dates in the history of VW-T3
1979
Released new Volkswagen transporter. In addition to many technical improvements to the chassis and engine, he received a new body design. T3 was a revolution in car design: the computer partially "calculated" the frame under the body using the finite element method, and the car received increased rigidity. T3 failed to achieve phenomenal success at the start. This was due to the technical parameters of the car.
Horizontal four-cylinder engine with air-cooled had a significant dead weight - 1385 kg. A smaller engine (1584 cc) would mean that it could hardly reach speeds in excess of 110 km/h. And even the bigger engine allowed the car to accelerate on the motorway only to a speed of 127 km / h: three kilometers per hour less than its predecessor. As a result, it was not easy at first to convince international customers of the benefits of the new technology. Only with the advent of the horizontal four-cylinder water-cooled engine and the diesel engine with the best performance and more power, the third-generation Volkswagen Transporter was a success. The body width has increased by 125 mm, which made it possible to place three fully independent seats in the driver's cab; the track and wheelbase became longer, and the turning radius decreased. The interior space has become more spacious and modern. Crash tests have helped in the development of elements that absorb energy from front and side impacts, the so-called crumple zones. A concealed roll bar was installed on the front of the driver's cab at knee level, and strong sectional profiles were integrated into the doors to provide side impact protection.
1981
25th anniversary of the Volkswagen plant in Hannover. Since the factory opened, more than five million commercial vehicles have rolled off assembly lines. A water-cooled horizontal four-cylinder engine and a modified Golf diesel engine gave the Transporter the breakthrough it needed. It is very likely that at that time the experts in Hannover were completely unaware that the diesel engine opened a completely new page in the Volkswagen success story.
Production of diesel-powered Volkswagen Transporters began at the Hannover plant.
Volkswagen Transporter received a new design of horizontal four-cylinder water-cooled engines with a capacity of 60 and 78 hp. to replace previous generations of air-cooled engines.
1983
Presentation of the Caravelle model - a minivan designed as a "passenger luxury". The Bully was a versatile, versatile vehicle that provided the ideal platform for limitless options – an everyday family car, a great travel companion, offering living space on wheels and freedom of movement.
1985
Launch of serial production of all-wheel drive Volkswagen under the Transporter Syncro brand, Caravelle Carat modifications and the first VW Multivan appear.
A turbocharged diesel engine and a new high-power fuel-injected engine (112 hp) enter production.
In July, the annual general meeting approves the company's name change to "Volkswagen AG".
1986
It became possible to install ABS.
1988
Launch of mass production of the Volkswagen California travel van. The Volkswagen plant in Braunschweig, Germany, celebrated its 50th anniversary.
1990
The production of T3 at the plant in Hannover is stopped. In 1992, production was also stopped at a plant in Austria. Thus, since 1993, the T3 has been finally replaced in the European and North American market by the T4 model (Eurovan in the US market). By that time, the T3 remained the last rear-engined Volkswagen car in Europe, so true connoisseurs consider T3 as the last "real Bull". Starting in 1992, production was transferred to a plant in South Africa, which, having slightly changed the design and equipment, produced the T3 for the local market. Production continued until the summer of 2003.
In 2009, the 30th anniversary of T3 was celebrated.
The Volkswagen Museum (Wolfsburg) held a thematic exhibition dedicated to the T3.
Other exhibits of the exhibition:
The Volkswagen Transporter is a legendary minivan that is one of the brand's most recognizable products. It gained immense popularity due to its technical characteristics and design features. Volkswagen Transporter is both practical and comfortable.
The model has received many positive reviews and has always been in stable demand. Volkswagen Transporter appeared in many cartoons and movies (Back to the Future, Scooby Doo, Cars, Angels and Demons, Futurama and others), which also affected the popularity of the car.
The main advantage of the machine is German reliability. The minivan is able to do without repair for a long time even with constant and hard work. Volkswagen Transporter is the choice of millions of car owners from different countries.
The creator of the Volkswagen Transporter is the Dutch importer Ben Pon. In 1947, at the Volkswagen plant located in Wolfsburg, he noticed an automobile platform made on the basis of the Volkswagen Kafer (Beetle). The Dutchman realized that the popularity of a car designed to transport small loads after the massive Second World War would be very high. With his idea, he turned to the director of the plant, who brought it to life. In November 1949, the first Volkswagen Transporter was introduced. A year later, the plant released the debut production version of the T1 minivan, which could carry 890 kg of cargo. The car proved to be incredibly popular. On its basis, they soon began to produce ambulances, police and other services.
Volkswagen Transporter T1
Volkswagen Transporter T1 has become a legend. Currently, there are very few cars of the first generation left. Most of them are collectible.
The second generation Volkswagen Transporter was introduced in 1967 and was intended for North America and Europe. In Brazil and some Latin American countries, they did not want to overpay for the new product, because the production of the T1 version continued here until 1975.
Volkswagen Transporter T2
Volkswagen Transporter T2 has retained its recognizable features: large round lights at the front, brand logo on the hood and signature oval body. They produced a model in Hannover, while most of the cars were immediately exported. The changes were minor, but the second Transporter became more comfortable. The car received a one-piece windshield, a powerful air-cooled engine and an upgraded rear suspension. Ventilation deflectors and a large glove box appeared on the dashboard. The basic package includes a sliding side door located on the right. In 1968, the model acquired front disc brakes, and in 1972, a 1.7-liter engine (66 hp). A 3-speed automatic became available as an option. The latest modifications of the VW Transporter T2 were equipped with 2 types of engines: a 1.6-liter and a 2-liter unit.
The release of the second generation in Germany ended in 1979. However, in Brazil, the production of the model in versions Kombi Furgao (van) and Kombi Standart (passenger) with various improvements continued until 2013. At the same time, the car was subjected to deep restyling several times and changed the line of engines. After the introduction of a mandatory crash test in Brazil, the production of the model was completed.
Volkswagen Transporter T3
Volkswagen Transporter T3 was the last version with rear-wheel drive and rear engine. In 1982, the car received an updated line of water-cooled engines. Air-cooled units are a thing of the past.
The third generation was developed almost from scratch and received many new solutions: a front suspension with coil springs and double wishbones, a spare wheel in the bow, a gear steering rack and others. The wheelbase of the car has grown by 60 mm, and the floor at the rear has been lowered by 400 mm. This allowed to significantly increase the interior space. The appearance of the car has also changed. The body has become more angular, the brand logo has moved to the radiator grille, which has increased in size. Along its edges are round headlights. The bumper became larger and served as an additional safety feature.
The VW Transporter T3 was offered in open truck, van, short double cab, bus and combi versions. The plant also produced campers, fire modifications and ambulances. In export markets, the third generation was less popular due to the huge number of competitors that had appeared by that time.
The Volkswagen Transporter 3 was the first in the LCV segment to receive many additional options: headlight cleaners, power windows, a tachometer and heated seats. Since 1985, the car could be equipped with air conditioning and all-wheel drive, since 1986 - ABS.
In 1985, premium versions of the VW Transporter T3 appeared - Carat and Caravelle. They were distinguished by low ground clearance, the presence of folding tables, advanced audio systems and suede trim.
Production of the third generation in Germany and Austria ended in 1992. However, during this period, the production of the car was opened in South Africa. Here it existed until 2003. The Russians VW Transporter T3 was very popular. Domestic consumers continue to operate it today.
Volkswagen Transporter T4
The fourth generation received global changes - a front-wheel drive layout and a front-mounted engine. The generation retained the main features of the family, but acquired a smoother body and rectangular headlights. The Volkswagen Transporter 4 was offered with long and short wheelbases and several roof heights. The rear suspension has become more compact, which reduced the load on the floor. The family included 6 main modifications: DoKa (a variation with a double cab for 5 people), Panel Van (deaf body), Multivan and Caravelle (panoramic windows), Pritschenwagen (flatbed truck with a cab for 3 people), Westfalia (camper) and Kombi Van (combined version). VW Transporter T4 was distinguished by a huge resource of work and was widely used in Europe and Russia.
Volkswagen Transporter T5
The fifth generation was introduced in 2003 and retained the front-wheel drive layout. The model has changed externally. The bumper has grown significantly in size and gave the car a brutal look. The headlights, brand logo and grille have also increased in size. More top-end versions received chrome strips. The main innovation inside was the relocation of the gearshift knob to the dashboard. The Volkswagen Transporter 5 engine range received turbocharged diesel engines and direct injection.
In 2010, the VW Transporter T5 was upgraded by changing the interior, bumper, grille, lighting and front fenders. The facelift made the car more interesting and made it possible to “fit” it to the new company philosophy. The range of engines has also changed, which included exclusively 2- and 2.5-liter diesel engines and gasoline engines.
Volkswagen Transporter T6
In 2015, the premiere of the sixth generation of the Volkswagen Transporter took place in Amsterdam. The model was offered in 3 versions: Multivan, Caravelle and Transporter. In Russia, car sales started with a noticeable delay. Volkswagen T6 began to look modern and stylish, but it clearly showed similarities with its predecessor. Slightly pointed headlights, reminiscent of the headlights of the latest generation Jetta and Passat, made the “look” of the car more predatory. Already in the basic version, the platform received the Dynamic Control Cruise function with 3 modes. There are also smart headlights, rectangular turn signal repeaters, new fenders and a mechanical braking system. At the rear, LED lights were installed. The interior of the new Volkswagen Transporter has become the epitome of comfort - a multifunctional steering wheel, a progressive panel, modern multimedia, a navigator and a tailgate closer.
Volkswagen Transporter is a reliable and practical vehicle, the main purpose of which is to transport people and small loads over various distances.
Video testimonials and reviews
Specifications
The characteristics of the Volkswagen Transporter vary depending on the modification.
Overall dimensions of the model:
- length - from 4892 to 5406 mm;
- width - 1904 to 1959 mm;
- height - from 1935 to 2476 mm;
- wheelbase - from 3000 to 3400 mm.
The mass of the car varies from 1797 to 2222 kg. The average load capacity is about 1000 kg.
Engine
Minivans rarely have a wide range of powertrains, but Volkswagen offered a wide range of engines for the Transporter. The most common are diesel engines consuming less fuel. Volkswagen Transporter gasoline power plants have high tightness systems and are considered one of the most reliable. Diesels cannot be classified as strong side of this car, although they are built quite simply, and therefore rarely fail.
Motors VW Transporter T4:
- 1.8-liter gasoline R4 (68 hp);
- 2-liter gasoline R4 (84 hp);
- 2.5-liter gasoline R5 (114 hp);
- 2.8-liter petrol VR6 (142 hp);
- 2.8-liter petrol VR6 (206 hp);
- 1.9-liter diesel R4 (59 hp);
- 1.9-liter turbodiesel R4 (69 hp);
- 2.4-liter diesel R5 (80 hp);
- 2.5-liter turbodiesel R5 (88-151 hp).
Motors VW Transporter T5:
- 2-liter gasoline l4 (115 hp, 170 Nm);
- 3.2-liter petrol V6 (235 hp, 315 Nm);
- 1.9-liter TDI (86 hp, 200 Nm);
- 1.9-liter TDI (105 hp, 250 Nm);
- 2.5-liter TDI (130 hp, 340 Nm);
- 2.5-liter TDI (174 hp, 400 Nm).
VW Transporter T6 engines:
- 2-liter TDI (102 hp);
- 2-liter TDI (140 hp);
- 2-liter TDI (180 hp);
- 2-liter TSI (150 hp);
- 2-liter TSI DSG (150 hp).
Gasoline engines installed in the Volkswagen Transporter are less prone to breakdowns than diesel plants, but consume more fuel. For gasoline units, most often problems arise with ignition coils, a starter and a generator.
Diesel engines of older versions are characterized by breakdowns of the high-pressure fuel pump and severe smudges of the fuel fluid. Often the heating control system fails. In modern TDI engines, the most problematic are the flow meter, turbochargers and fuel injection system.
Device
The design of the Volkswagen Transporter has always been reliable and has received improvements with each new generation. With the advent of the fourth generation, the car acquired a front-wheel drive system. Moved forward and the engine. Design improvements are reflected in the T4 and T5 versions.
The Transporter T6 generation was a reflection of a new philosophy, although visually it was perceived by many as a restyled modification of its predecessor. The car looked concise and strict, like a "working tool". The appearance of the car has changed. New bumpers, optics and grille added elegance, but the model retained the key features.
In the basic configuration, the Volkswagen Transporter received a right sliding side door, a similar door on the right was offered for a fee. Adaptation to the Russian market was manifested in increased ground clearance and energy-intensive shock absorbers. The domestic version of the Transporter T6 in the "minimum" received "truck" tires with a dimension of 205/65 R16.
On the sixth generation, a fully independent spring suspension was installed, making the model perfectly manageable. MacPherson struts were used in the front, a multi-link scheme in the back. Chassis characterized by a large resource of work and excessive rigidity. When moving over bumps, the car shook a lot (even loaded). Noise isolation was also not at the highest level.
There are 4 transmissions available for the VW Transporter T6: 5-speed manual, 6-speed manual, 4MOTION signature 6-speed automatic and 7-speed 2-clutch DSG.
The brake system of the car had increased efficiency. Disc mechanisms were installed on all wheels. Already in the basic modification there were ESP (stabilization) and ABS systems. Safety in the sixth Volkswagen Transporter was given special attention. In addition to airbags, the model was equipped with MSR (motor braking control function), EDL (electronic differential lock) and ASR ( traction control system). True, they were only available as an option. Also, clients were offered rear glass with heating, doors with safe closing, tinted windows and other options.
Salon is considered one of the advantages of the VW Transporter T6. 3 people are placed in front. The driver's seat is equipped with 2 armrests to reduce fatigue on long journeys and lumbar support. On the left is a coat hook, but you can only hang a cap or a T-shirt on it due to limited space. The driver's seat has several settings and a high degree of comfort. The passenger seat is made double, but 2 large people will not be too comfortable to sit on it. The transmission selector interferes with the passenger sitting in the middle, so it’s better not to dream of long trips for the three of us.
The dashboard has been noticeably updated. The usual sensors remained in their original places, and hard plastic was preserved. However, controllability has improved. In the basic version, the model received air conditioning, a new audio system, a comfortable steering wheel, power windows and an on-board computer. The relatively small salon space has collected a huge number of containers and niches that allow you to place various little things. With large items in the Volkswagen Transporter it will be more difficult - there are practically no large branches.
The car has a wide range of add-ons: adaptive DCC-chassis, various electronic assistants, hydraulic power steering and others.
In terms of design, the VW Transporter T6 looks very attractive. All elements are thought out to the smallest detail, and the ride does not cause inconvenience. The model will become great option for the experienced driver and for the beginner.
The price of a new and used Volkswagen Transporter
In the category of commercial vehicles, the Volkswagen Transporter, along with Mercedes products, was positioned as a premium class, because the price tags for it were quite high. The new VW Transporter T6 Kasten (short wheelbase truck version) in the medium configuration with a diesel engine (140 hp) and a 6-speed manual transmission will cost 1.6-1.9 million rubles. The option with an extended base is offered for 1.7-1.95 million rubles.
There are quite a few Volkswagen Transporter offers on the used market. Average price tags per model:
- 1985-1987 - 120,000-200,000 rubles;
- 1993-1995 - 250,000-270,000 rubles;
- 2000-2001 - 400,000-480,000 rubles;
- 2008-2009 - 700,000-850,000 rubles;
- 2013-2014 - 1.0-1.45 million rubles.
- from 2015 in good condition from 1.0 million.
Analogues
- Mercedes-Benz Vito;
- Fiat Ducato;
- Citroen Jumper;
- Ford Transit Custom;
- Peugeot Boxer.
Volkswagen Transporter T3 [restyling] Minibus. Volkswagen transporter t3 specifications
Volkswagen Transporter (T3, T4, T5)
Volkswagen Transporter is a universal car with many modifications. Having passed a long way of modifications and design improvements, a vehicle with excellent operational data appeared before the users. Considering the model range of the Volkswagen Transporter, the technical characteristics of which have been improved, you can be sure that it surpasses many analogues of its class in terms of capabilities.
Brief history of creation
Release of the first German cars Volkswagen Transporter began in the 40s of the twentieth century. In 1965, the T1 model appeared, and by the end of the 70s, the automobile concern had mastered the production of third-generation cars. Transporter T3 rolled off the assembly line for more than 10 years, but, morally obsolete, was improved in new model- T4, significantly different from its predecessors.
From 2006 to 2009, the Transporter T5 was produced, with the greatest variety of versions: station wagon, van, truck.
Design features
The most popular among consumers were the Volkswagen Transporter T3, T4, T5 models. Their designs are reliable and durable.
Body type Transporter T3 and T4 - passenger and cargo-passenger minivan. But unlike third-generation cars with rear drive and gasoline engines, T4 is front-wheel drive and runs on diesel fuel. Users liked this fact, because diesel engines, in addition to greater power, have good efficiency - they have much less fuel consumption, which is an important indicator for cars of this class.
In addition to front-wheel drive cars, the Volkswagen T4 was also produced with all-wheel drive. In these vehicles, the distribution of torque occurs due to the viscous coupling.
Volkswagen Transporter models were produced in various modifications. Not only the appearance of the hull has changed, but also the shape of the cab: for variants with a cargo body, it could be ordinary or double.
Transporter T5 received innovations in terms of security:
- an airbag instead of an obsolete belt that restricts the driver's movements;
- anti-lock system ABS brakes;
- electronic differential lock EDL;
- anti slip ASR.
The chassis of the Transporter T5 provides independent wheel suspension, which, combined with the upgraded chassis, makes the car very easy to drive.
Specifications
All parameters of the Transporter are given in the form of a table:
| Operating parameters | Transporter Т4 | Transporter Т5 |
| Quantity seating, PC. | 3–9 | 2–9 |
| Engine volume, cm³ | 1896 | 1896 |
| Engine power, l. With. | 68 | 84 |
| The presence of turbocharging | Yes | Yes |
| Engine torque, Nm | 140 | 200 |
| Type of fuel | Diesel | Diesel |
| Fuel supply | Diesel | direct injection |
| Transmission | 5 speed | 5 speed |
| Acceleration time to 100 km/h, seconds | 28,5 | 23,6 |
| max speed, km/h | 132 | 146 |
| Fuel consumption: city/highway | 9,2/7,0 | 9,4/7,2 |
| Tank volume, l | 80 | 80 |
| Dimensions: | ||
| Length, width, height, m | 4,70*1,84*1,94 | 5,29*1,90*1,99 |
| Track front, m | 1,589 | 1,628 |
| Rear track, m | 1,554 | 1,637 |
| Gross weight, kg | 2580 | 2800 |
| Tires | R15 | R16 |
The high characterizing parameters of Volkswagen Transporter cars ensured their demand even after the cessation of mass production. A good working life of the main parts and mechanisms guarantees the durability and reliability of the car.
Related video: Volkswagen Transporter T4
specnavigator.ru
Volkswagen Transporter T3 [restyling] Minibus 1.6 TD MT 1984–1992
Car make: Volkswagen
Engine:
Transmission:
Suspension and brakes:
Performance characteristics:
Steering:
Tires, wheels:
znanieavto-baza.ru
Volkswagen Transporter T3 Review | VW Transporter 3
In 1934, Ferdinand Porsche, through the "Imperial Association of the Automotive Industry", received from the German government the task of developing the first "people's car" - Volkswagen. Theoretically, its production was planned to begin in 1938. But the first car was ready in 1935. And a year later, at a distance of 50 thousand kilometers, two more of its prototypes were subjected to the most severe tests.The next series of 30 cars, designated VW 30 and released in 1937, successfully passed no less stringent tests - this time the total distance was 2.4 million km. In the same year, it was decided to start building a plant in Wolfsburg. Thanks to the successful results, in 1938 the car was completely technically formed and acquired the final appearance. The design phase has been completed. After the construction of the plant was completed, Volkswagen was put into mass production.
During the war, the factory produced open cars off-road, about 66 thousand all-terrain vehicles and off-road vehicles were produced. But in 1944 the majority industrial premises was destroyed by American aircraft.
After the war, the enterprise was located in the zone controlled by the Allies, and the British government undertook to restore it. Soon an order was received for the production of 20 thousand cars. By the end of the forties, after participating in automobile exhibitions, the plant began to receive orders from European countries. The active formation of a modern giant began. Numerous factories were opened and not only in Germany, but also in countries that actively exported cars of this company.
In 1955, the millionth Volkswagen Beetle rolled off the production line. And in the early seventies it was one of the best-selling cars. During the same period, Volkswagen developed new models that were completely different from the previous ones. Two of them - Golf and Passat are still being produced and are considered classics of the automotive industry.
Today, the Volkswagen concern produces products under the following trademarks: Volkswagen, SEAT, Audi, Bugatti, Skoda, Lamborghini, Bentley. In addition to well-known cars, the concern produces various minibuses and trucks.
topreca.com
Volkswagen Transporter T3 - Volkswagen - Cars - Articles catalog
"Humpbacked" Volkswagen, nicknamed "Beetle", the most massive car in the world, is known to almost everyone. But not everyone knows that the modest and low-key Transporter delivery vans and Bus minibuses of the first and second generations (the so-called T1 and T2) are its closest relatives. They have a lot in common with him: both the rear-engine layout, and the “singing” air-cooled engine, and even the entire chassis, including the front torsion bar suspension, they had from the Beetle. The machines of the third generation (T3), although they acquired a spring suspension, an angular "square" body, and later water-cooled engines, did not change the main thing - the layout.
The number of variants of the Volkswagen T3 is difficult to count. Here are cargo vans, including those with a high roof, and cargo-passenger versions of the Combi, and pickup trucks with wooden or metal sides, with a double or single cab. There were also minibuses: a simple Caravelle and a comfortable Multivan. And for the American market, passenger models were produced under the "name" Vanagon. By the way, the late Caravelle and Multivan of the late 80s are easy to distinguish by rectangular headlights.
Westfalia “country” modifications were also produced, which, even in an inexpensive version, had a lifting roof with fabric sidewalls (!), 220 V sockets, a refrigerator, a washbasin, and a folding bed. There are also mobile kiosks, which in small towns are sometimes placed on bricks, turning them into stationary ones.
The absence of even a rudimentary hood in the T3, as on the fourth generation model - T4, has a positive effect on visibility. But at the same time, passive safety suffers. Somewhat reassuring is the pleasant fact that among all the one-volume classmates, the T3 was once recognized as the most shock-resistant.
The "red disease" is most often affected by old models that were operated as a truck, as they say, for slaughter. And usually the fenders, wheel arches, bottom, doors, as well as the seams of the outer panels are the first to rust.
The interior of the Transporter's cab is strict and concise. But the interiors of Caravelle and Vanagon minibuses are not inferior to VW passenger cars of those years in terms of comfort. Moreover, everything is done with German conscientiousness: nothing creaks or knocks anywhere. Salon "Carabela" accommodates 7-8 people, not counting the driver. And the rear and middle rows of seats are easily laid out, forming a comfortable bed.
On models with an air-cooled engine, heat from the pipes was used to heat the cab or passenger compartment. exhaust system. True, it took a long time to wait for this very heat - up to half an hour. On later versions with liquid cooling, a normal “water stove” was already installed.
Engine and its systems
Initially, the Volkswagen T3 was equipped with boxer (i.e., with horizontally opposed cylinders) 4-cylinder engines inherited from its predecessor, the T2. All of them had air cooling, gas distribution mechanism with an overhead valve and gear-driven camshaft, as well as rods with hydraulic pushers. Moreover, the carburetor engine with a working volume of 1.6 liters was offered in two versions - 36 and 50 hp. The more solid 2.0-litre engine was available with both carburetor and multipoint injection. The power of both modifications was the same - 70 hp.
In 1982, air-cooled engines were converted to water-cooled ones, their displacement increased to 1.9 liters. At the same time, it became possible to choose from three carburetor versions (54, 60 and 78 hp), as well as two with multipoint injection (81 and 90 hp). In 1985, they were joined by a 2.1-liter injection power plant, the power of which, depending on the version, ranged from 92 to 112 hp.
But diesels had a completely different design. They were all in-line 4-cylinder, liquid-cooled, belt-driven camshafts, and bottom valves with washer clearance adjustments. The power of 1.6-liter engines was 49 hp. in the "atmospheric" version and 70 hp. - with turbocharger. In addition, it was possible to order an atmospheric diesel 1.7 l (57 hp).
All T3 motors are quite reliable. Although, of course, the "air" ones are very noisy, and their resource due to the intense thermal regime is still less than that of the "water" ones. But the latter may have air locks in long hoses that run through the entire car to the radiator located in front. From time to time oil leaks from under worn seals crankshaft. And the gas pedal cable gets stuck in the shell, so it should be lubricated regularly.
For diesel engines, the main thing is to change the timing belt in time (about every 120 thousand), we should not forget about the turbocharger. To prolong its life, it is highly desirable to warm up the engine before driving. And after the end of the trip, you need to let the engine run for 1-2 minutes at idle. Transmission 11111111111111111 The Transporter T3 was equipped with a choice of three transmissions: 4- and 5-speed manual and 3-speed automatic. Less common is the all-wheel drive Syncro model with a viscous coupling in the center differential. All of the above "hardware" in our conditions cannot boast of record runs, since it usually works with full, or even with increased load. This is especially true for cars with towbars.
Suspension and other units
Unlike the glorious ancestor of the T2, the VW Transporter T3 suspension is fully spring. Front - double wishbones, back - on triangular oblique. It does not cause any particular problems, except that it is often necessary to adjust the wheel alignment on heavily worn specimens. It is also worth paying attention to the condition of the bearings of the front and rear hubs. The steering is rack and pinion, for an additional fee it was possible to install a hydraulic booster. The brakes of the front wheels are disc, the rear - drum, with a vacuum booster.
VW Transporter T3 is a good assistant in small business. He perfectly copes with the role of a hard worker-truck, mobile shop, or "dacha on wheels". It is also good as a minibus, because with its compact size it can accommodate 7-9 people. Suitable for outdoor trips in a large company, especially in the Syncro version. True, branded spare parts are expensive, but you can always find alternative ones that cost 2-3 times cheaper.
Specifications Volkswagen Transporter T3 (1979-1990)
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This Volkswagen T3 model is known in various markets under different names, including Transporter or Caravelle in Europe, Microbus in South Africa and Vanagon in the Americas or T25 in the United Kingdom.
VW T3 still had the Type2 index. But at the same time it was a different car. The wheelbase of the VW T3 has increased by 60 millimeters. The minibus has become 12.5 centimeters wider than the VW T2 and weighed 60 kilograms more (1365 kg) than its predecessor. The engine in it, as in earlier models, was located at the rear, which was already considered an outdated solution in the late 1970s, but it provided an ideal weight distribution of the car along the axes in the proportion of 50x50. For the first time in this class of vehicle, Volkswagen is offering the T3 as optional equipment power windows, electric door mirror adjustment, tachometer, central locking, heated seats, headlight cleaning, rear wiper, retractable steps for sliding side doors, and starting since 1985 air conditioning and four-wheel drive.
Syncro/ Caravelle Carat/ Multivan
In 1985, several important events take place at once in the history of VW minibuses and the T3 model in particular:
Under the Transporter Syncro brand, an all-wheel drive Volkswagen was put into mass production, the development of which began back in 1971. The Austrian Pinzgauer military van, which had been produced by that time since 1965, was taken as the basis for its chassis. Therefore, the parts of the minibus were produced in Hannover, and the final assembly took place at Steyr Deimler Puig in Graz, Austria. It was a commercial vehicle with high performance even on bad roads. Its new elastic clutches transferred engine power to the front axle, taking into account the situation on the road. Permanent four-wheel drive is carried out through a visco-clutch. The design was reliable and easy to operate, which ensured it a long life on a variety of Volkswagen cars. It was a complete independent replacement for the intermediate differential, which automatically created an almost 100% blocking effect when needed. Syncro later received a self-locking limited slip differential, which, together with other units, a fully independent suspension and a 50/50 weight distribution along the axles, made the T3 Syncro one of the best all-wheel drive cars of its time. The Transporter Syncro has been acclaimed by off-road fans and has taken part in a large number of motor races around the world.
In 1985, VW T3 minibuses began to be equipped with air conditioning. In particular, it was installed on the luxury Caravelle Carat, a car focused on the level of comfort for business customers. The busik received a lower ground clearance due to faster wheels with low-profile tires, alloy wheels, a folding table, footrest lighting, suede trim, a hi-fi audio system, and seat armrests. 180° rotating second row seats were also offered.
In the same year, the first generation VW Multivan was introduced - a version of the T3 for universal family use. The concept of "Multivan" (multi-purpose passenger car) blurs the line between business and leisure - this was the birth of a versatile passenger minivan.
During the 1980s, US Army infantry and air force bases stationed in Germany used te-thirds as conventional (non-tactical) vehicles. At the same time, the military used its nomenclature model designation - “light commercial truck / light truck, commercial”
Porsche has created a limited edition version of the VW T3 codenamed B32. The minibus was equipped with a 3.2-liter engine from the Porsche Carrera / Porsche Carrera and this version was originally designed to support the Porsche 959 in the Paris-Dakar / Paris-Dakar races.
Some versions for the North American market
The simplest versions of the US Vanagon had vinyl seat upholstery and a rather spartan interior. The Vanagon L already had fabric-wrapped seating, higher-quality interior trim, and optional air-conditioning in the dashboard. Vanagon GL was produced with a Westfalia roof and an extended list of options: a built-in kitchen and a folding bed. For the regular high-roof "Weekender" versions, which did not have the gas stove, stationary sink and built-in refrigerator in the basic equipment of the full camper versions, a compact portable "cabinet" was offered, which included a 12-volt refrigerator and a stand-alone version of the sink. "Weekender" versions featured rear-facing second-row seats and a fold-down table attached to the side wall.These pre-equipments were originally built in Westfalia's factories.
Production in South Africa
After 1991, production of the VW T3 continued in South Africa until 2002. For the local market in South Africa, VW renamed the T3 model to Microbus. Here she received a homologation - a slight "facelift", which included large windows in a circle (their size was increased compared to models made for other markets) and a slightly modified dashboard. The European wasserboxer engines were replaced with 5-cylinder engines from Audi and updated 4-cylinder engines from VW. A 5-speed gearbox and 15" wheels were added as standard on all versions. Large ventilated front disc brakes appeared to better match the onslaught of the 5-cylinder engine. By the time the model was completed, exclusive versions similar to the European Multivan with a second row of seats were on sale turned 180 degrees and a folding table.
Dates in the history of VW-T3
1979
The new Volkswagen Transporter has been released. In addition to many technical improvements to the chassis and engine, he received a new body design. T3 was a revolution in car design: the computer partially "calculated" the frame under the body using the finite element method, and the car received increased rigidity. T3 failed to achieve phenomenal success at the start. This was due to the technical parameters of the car.
The horizontal four-cylinder air-cooled engine had a significant dead weight - 1385 kg. A smaller engine (1584 cc) would mean that it could hardly reach speeds in excess of 110 km/h. And even the bigger engine allowed the car to accelerate on the motorway only to a speed of 127 km / h: three kilometers per hour less than its predecessor. As a result, it was not easy at first to convince international customers of the benefits of the new technology. It was only with the advent of a horizontal four-cylinder water-cooled engine and a diesel engine with better performance and more power that the third generation Volkswagen Transporter achieved success. The body width has increased by 125 mm, which made it possible to place three fully independent seats in the driver's cab; the track and wheelbase became longer, and the turning radius decreased. The interior space has become more spacious and modern. Crash tests have helped in the development of elements that absorb energy from front and side impacts, the so-called crumple zones. A concealed roll bar was installed on the front of the driver's cab at knee level, and strong sectional profiles were integrated into the doors to provide side impact protection.
1981
25th anniversary of the Volkswagen plant in Hannover. Since the factory opened, more than five million commercial vehicles have rolled off assembly lines. A water-cooled horizontal four-cylinder engine and a modified Golf diesel engine gave the Transporter the breakthrough it needed. It is very likely that at that time the experts in Hannover were completely unaware that the diesel engine opened a completely new page in the Volkswagen success story.
Production of diesel-powered Volkswagen Transporters began at the Hannover plant.
Volkswagen Transporter received a new design of horizontal four-cylinder water-cooled engines with a capacity of 60 and 78 hp. to replace previous generations of air-cooled engines.
1983
Presentation of the Caravelle model - a minivan designed as a "passenger luxury". The Bully was a versatile, versatile vehicle that provided the ideal platform for limitless options – an everyday family car, a great travel companion, offering living space on wheels and freedom of movement.
1985
Launch of serial production of all-wheel drive Volkswagen under the Transporter Syncro brand, Caravelle Carat modifications and the first VW Multivan appear.
A turbocharged diesel engine and a new high-power fuel-injected engine (112 hp) enter production.
In July, the annual general meeting approves the company's name change to "Volkswagen AG".
1986
It became possible to install ABS.
1988
Launch of mass production of the Volkswagen California travel van. The Volkswagen plant in Braunschweig, Germany, celebrated its 50th anniversary.
1990
The production of T3 at the plant in Hannover is stopped. In 1992, production was also stopped at a plant in Austria. Thus, since 1993, the T3 has been finally replaced in the European and North American market by the T4 model (Eurovan in the US market). By that time, the T3 was the last rear-engined Volkswagen car in Europe, so true connoisseurs regard the T3 as the last "real Bull". Starting in 1992, production was transferred to a plant in South Africa, which, having slightly changed the design and equipment, produced the T3 for the local market. Production continued until the summer of 2003.
In 2009, the 30th anniversary of T3 was celebrated.
The Volkswagen Museum (Wolfsburg) held a thematic exhibition dedicated to the T3.
Other exhibits of the exhibition:
3.5 / 5 ( 4 votes)
Volkswagen Transporter is one of the most reliable cars in the minivan niche. The car is considered to be a follower of the Kafer car, which was previously produced by a German company. With the help of thoughtful design and unique technical characteristics, the Volkswagen Transporter has gained extraordinary popularity around the world.
This machine has undergone rather modest changes and almost did not succumb to the influence of time. The Volkswagen Transporter family serves as the largest representative of VW. The vehicle is offered in Multivan, California and Caravelle modifications. All .
Car history
The Dutch importer of VW Ben Pon was responsible for the idea of the Transporter car project. On April 23, 1947, at the Volkswagen plant in Wolfsburg, he noticed an automobile platform that workers had built on the basis of the Beetle. Ben thought that during the rebuilding of European countries after the Second World War, a machine for transporting small things could be of great interest.
After Pon showed his own developments to the general director (at that time he was Heinrich Nordhof), and he agreed to bring the idea of the Dutch specialist to life. Already by November 12, 1949, the Volkswagen Transporter 1 was presented at an official press conference.
Volkswagen Transporter Т1 (1950-1975)
The debut minivan family was put into production back in 1950. After the first months of work, the conveyor produced about 60 cars every day. An enterprise based in Germany, in the city of Wolfsburg, was responsible for the construction of new products. The model received a gearbox from the VW Beetle. However, unlike the "beetle", in the 1st Transporter, instead of the frame of the central tunnel, a load-bearing body was used, which was supported by a multi-link frame.
The debut minivans lifted a load no heavier than 860 kilograms, however, those produced since 1964 have already transported luggage weighing 930 kilograms. Beetle handed over to the Transporter and four-cylinder power units driven to rear wheels. At that time, they developed 25 horsepower. The car is very simple, however, it was he who was supposed to conquer the whole world.
After some time, they began to install more modern engines, which already had a capacity of 30 to 44 horses. A 4-speed transmission mechanism was initially responsible for the transmission, however, since 1959, the car was equipped with a fully synchronized transmission mechanism. The car was equipped with drum brakes.
It was possible to highlight the appearance with a massive VW logo and a windshield divided into 2 equivalent parts. The driver's and passenger doors received sliding glass. In March (8th day) 1956, the production of a family car was launched at the brand new Hanover Volkswagen plant, where the first generation was assembled until 1967, when many motorists around the world were able to see the successor model - T2. She turned out to be surprisingly successful.
During the 25-year life cycle of the T1 model, it has undergone a considerable number of modifications. They raised the carrying capacity, made specialized passenger versions, equipped it with camping equipment. On the platform of the first generation, VW created ambulances, policemen and others.
When the serial production of the "passenger car" Beetle was well debugged, VW was able to focus its own engineering staff on the design of the second car in the lineup. Therefore, the world saw the Tour2 versatile small truck, which had the main structural components from the Beetle - the same air-cooled power unit in the rear, the same suspension on all wheels and the familiar bodywork.
A little earlier we mentioned Ben Pon, who was literally fired up with the idea of \u200b\u200bproducing small trucks, however, he was not alone. The Bavarian specialist Gustav Mayer, literally, devoted his whole life to minivans.
The German began to work at the Volkswagen plant in 1949. At that time, he had already won authority for himself, and such that he was called a talent from God. It wasn't long before he became the chief designer of the VW cargo department.
Since that time, all brand new modifications of the Transporter have passed through it. With his own hands, he worked hard to create a good reputation for the T line. For the first time, VW decides to subject its cars to wind tunnel tests! Based on the data obtained, certain elements of the car were developed.
In the first generation of minivans, the design staff decided to use one of the innovative solutions: to divide the body into 3 zones - into the driver's cabin, the cargo compartment, the volume of which was 4.6 cubic meters, and the engine department.
V standard equipment The "truck" had double doors on only one side, however, if necessary, doors were installed on both sides. Due to the fact that there was a large distance between the axles, the location of the power unit and the transmission device in the rear of the car, the engineering staff managed to create a vehicle with an ideal weight distribution (the rear and front axles were loaded in a ratio of 1: 1).
Despite this, the layout of the engine in the copies of the first releases was not entirely successful, as it did not allow them to have a tailgate. However, since 1953, the tailgate did appear, which greatly facilitated the loading and unloading of the truck.
As we wrote above, the power unit had an air-cooled motor. This was a significant advantage, since the drivers experienced the minimum amount of difficulties because of this - it did not freeze, did not overheat.
This is partly why the model has become popular in the global automotive market. T1 was successfully bought in tropical countries, as well as in the Arctic. Good dynamic performance stood out as an advantage: with luggage weighing about 750 kilograms, the minivan could accelerate to 80 kilometers per hour. Fuel consumption did not exceed 9.5 liters for every 100 kilometers.
A real breakthrough in this car was the presence of a serial heater stove. The distance between the power unit and the driver's cab was rather big, it was difficult to heat it with the heat of the engine. Therefore, VW ordered an independent heating system for the first generation from Eberspacher.
By the end of the spring of 1950, a combined bus and an eight-seater passenger bus were produced. Both variations of the vehicle are easily transformed into a cargo-passenger version using a removable seat structure or changing their position.
The following year, Volkswagen began producing a passenger variant of the Samba Transporter, which is gaining popularity due to its two-tone body paint, removable canvas roof, 9 passenger seats, 21 windows (8 of which are on the roof) and lots of chrome in the car's elements. The dashboard of the Samba has separate niches designed to install radio equipment (which for the 1950s was something incomprehensible to the mind).
In the following years, the Germans managed to release another variation of the car with an onboard platform. Thanks to this design, it was possible to free up a considerable part for large-size cargo. In 1959, the concern released Transporter 1 with a loading area, the width of which was 2 m.
It was possible to choose among all-metal, wooden and combined structures. An elongated cabin allowed a group of workers from various services to comfortably travel on missions, and a cargo platform (length 1.75 m) was used to transport tools, equipment, or building materials.
Along with the release of the mass version of the Transporter, a police and fire variation was developed on its platform. The T1 platform made it possible to create a Westfalia "mobile home". The production of such "houses" began at the enterprise in 1954.
It turns out that already in those years it was possible to travel with the whole family or with friends around the world, enjoying the beauty of the surrounding nature. The equipment of the new "house" included one table, several chairs, a bed, a wardrobe, and various other household items. All folded items were securely fastened and packaged to ensure safe and hassle-free transportation.
It's nice that the complete set of mobile "houses" had a sun canopy-roof, with which it was possible to create your own private veranda.
During 1950, the plant produced only 10 minivans, which was clearly not enough, given their popularity. Therefore, VW decided to increase the production of the model. In the autumn of 1954, the assembly line of the Wolfsburg enterprise produced its 100,000th car.
In order to be able to fully satisfy the market demand, the Germans expanded their own production by building a new enterprise, but already in the German city of Hannover. The plant has started production of serial minibuses since 1956. Already at the newly made enterprise in the same year, the 200,000th minibus was produced.
The next 5 years only added to the popularity of Bulli, so by the beginning of autumn they had already released 500,000 copies. As of October 1962, the company announces the release of the millionth minivan. The first T1 family was in great demand in America - the model is often referred to as the Hippie generation. T1 did not change significantly in terms of appearance until the summer of 1967.
Volkswagen Transporter Т2 (1967-1979)
At the end of 1967, the time came for the 2nd Volkswagen Transporter family. At that time, about 1,800,000 copies left VW enterprises. The T2 minibus was developed by the designer Gustav Mayer, who saved the platform from the TUR2 Bulli, however, decided to supplement it with a large number of cardinal changes.
T2 "has grown" in size, has become more reliable, durable and attractive. It is also important that the driving characteristics, together with the ease of control, were able to step on the heels of the characteristics of passenger cars. This result was achieved thanks to the competent selection of the front wheels and excellent weight distribution along the axes.
If we talk about appearance, then it has become modern. Security has also increased - instead of a 2-section windshield, panoramic glass has been installed. The power unit was left in the rear of the car, however, as was the drive. Mayer proposed for the second generation a list of boxer power units, the working volume of which was 1.6-2.0 liters (47-70 "horses"). The car now began to be equipped with a reinforced rear suspension and a dual-circuit brake system.
A new generation minivan could accelerate to speeds of over 100 kilometers per hour. The number of modifications has increased. In the 1970s, a real breakthrough in car tourism came in European countries, therefore, numerous models of the second family began to be converted into motorhomes. Since 1978, they began to produce the first all-wheel drive modification of the Transporter 2.
It was the Volkswagen Transporter 2 that became the debut car that had a side-sliding door - an element without which it is simply impossible to imagine any vehicle in the minivan class today.
Since 1971, Volkswagen began to expand its Hanoverian plant, which increased the number of copies produced. In one year, the plant assembled 294,932 vehicles. The second generation of the minibus accounted for the jubilee two and three millionth cars.
This eloquently indicates that the Transporter reached its apogee of demand and popularity precisely during the release of the second family. The company's management understood that a single enterprise would not be enough to meet the increasing demand for cars, so the Germans launched the production of a well-known minibus at their own production facilities in various countries, such as Brazil, Mexico and South Africa.
The second generation Volkswagen was produced in German factories for 13 years (1967-1979). Interestingly, since 1971, the model has been produced in the form of an improved T2b. From 1979 to 2013, this model was produced in Brazil.
Following the modification of the roof, interior, bumpers and other body components, the name has also changed to T2c. In Brazil, the plant produced a limited batch, equipped with diesel engines. Since 2006, the South American branch has ceased to produce air-cooled motors. Instead, they used a 1.4-liter in-line power plant that produced 79 horsepower.
This made it necessary to change the template front of the minivan and install a false radiator grill on it to cool the engine radiator. By the end of 2013, the release of T2b, T2c and their modifications was finally stopped. Until that moment, the car was sold in two trim levels - a 9-seater minibus and a panel van.
Volkswagen Transporter Т3 (1979-1992)
The next, third generation was introduced in 1979. The minibus had many engineering innovations in the "hodovka" and power units. The third generation of the “truck” received a more spacious and not so rounded body.
The design solution fully corresponded to the constructivism existing at that time (by the end of the 1970s). The body did not have complex surfaces, the functionality of the panels improved and the overall body rigidity increased.
It was from the third family of the Transporter that Volkswagen began to focus on anti-corrosion bodywork. Most of the body elements were made of galvanized steel sheets. Number of layers paintwork reached six.
Initially, motorists perceived the novelty rather dryly, as the technical component did not live up to their expectations. Of course, because the air-cooled power unit was too simple. By the way, the engine did not stand out with power either, because a 50 or 70-horsepower engine did not have enough agility to make an almost one and a half ton car frisky.
Only a few years later, the 3rd generation of the Transporter began to be delivered with a water-cooled gasoline engine, as well as the first mass diesel engine in the history of the Transporter.
Following this, interest in the novelty began to gradually recover. In 1981, the company released a version of the T3 with Caravelle added to the name. Salon acquired a nine-seat layout, velor trim and 360-degree rotating seats.
The model was distinguished by rectangular headlights, more voluminous bumpers and plastic body linings. Four years later (in 1985) the Germans showed their "brainchild" in the Austrian Schladming. The vehicle was named T3 Syncro and was equipped with all-wheel drive.
Gustav Mayer himself confidently spoke about the reliability of the all-wheel drive model, who made an advertising run through the Sahara desert on it without serious breakdowns. This option was appreciated by all motorists who needed an unpretentious all-wheel drive minibus.
The T3 was equipped with a wide range of powertrains, which consisted of gasoline engines with a volume of 1.6 and 2.1 liters (50 and 102 horsepower) and diesel engines of 1.6 and 1.7 liters (50 and 70 horsepower). ).
When in 1990 they stopped mass production Volkswagen Transporter 3, an era of minivans has ended. As in the 74th the famous "Beetle" was replaced by a "Golf" that was radically different in design solutions, and the T3 gave way to its successor.
Volkswagen Transporter Т4 (1990-2003)
In August 1990, a completely unusual front-wheel drive Transporter T4 was introduced. The minibus was special in almost everything - the engine was in front, the drive went to the front wheels, water cooling was installed, the center distance varied depending on the modification. Initially, fans of past generations spoke negatively about the novelty.
However, this did not last long and it soon became clear that the life path of the Volkswagen Transporter T4 is a story of fundamental changes. Having got used to the unusual performance of the T4, buyers in car dealerships were already lining up for a novelty. Not without the help of the frontal position of the power unit and front-wheel drive, the manufacturer managed to seriously increase the capacity of the minibus, which, in turn, made it possible to open new horizons for building various types of vans on the T4 platform.
From the very beginning, the company decided to release the fourth generation of the car in the Transporter modification and the comfortable Caravelle, where the interior was designed specifically for the comfortable transportation of passengers.
After some time, the world market began to grow in the number of minibuses of various brands, so the company returned to its cars, producing the California passenger car on the Caravelle platform, which was distinguished by a more expensive interior and an expanded range of colors.
But California was not so in demand, so in 96 it was replaced by the Multivan, which was similar to a truck in almost everything, but had a more luxurious and comfortable interior.
The very first models of the T4 Multivan had 2.8-liter 24-valve V-shaped six-cylinder engines that produced 204 horsepower. Perhaps this was one of the most important reasons why the 4th generation achieved such popularity.
Optionally, the Multivan was equipped with a computer, telephone and fax. The model was short wheelbase and accommodated up to 7 people. At the same time that the Multivan T4 was being produced, the Germans carried out an improvement on the Caravelle T4, which already had new lighting equipment and a slightly redesigned front end.
All metal elements of the interior are covered with plastic, which was fitted so well that it did not creak or dangle. Armchairs fold in just 10 minutes, and then the car turns into a truck.
Passenger versions had 2 heater stoves. The interior was equipped with armchairs that face each other, and between them there is a folding table. The layout of the cabin provides for cup holders and pockets for storing various items.
There are skids for the middle row of seats. The seats received armrests and individual three-point seat belts. Optionally, instead of any of the seats in the second row, you can install a refrigerator (about 32 liters in volume). The second version of the "cartoon" began to have a few ceiling lamps more lighting.
Speaking about the technical equipment, it is worth saying that the car was sold with 4 and 5-cylinder engines of 1.8 and 2.8 liters (68 and 150 “horses”), which functioned both on gasoline and diesel fuel.
After the 97th year, the list of engines began to be replenished with 2.5-liter turbodiesels, where there was a direct injection system. Such power units produced 102 horsepower. Since 1992, the T4 line has been supplemented by the Syncro modification, which was distinguished by an all-wheel drive system.
The conveyor production of Transporter T4 was carried out until 2000, after which the 5th family came to replace it. For all the time of production, the model received several awards and honorary titles.
Volkswagen Transporter Т5 (2006-2009)
Since 2000, Volkswagen began to mass-produce the 5th generation of the Transporter. From that moment on, the company began to develop production in several directions at once: cargo - T5, passenger - Caravelle, tourist - Multivan and intermediate cargo-passenger - Shuttle.
The last option was a mixture of a T5 truck and a passenger Caravelle and could accommodate 7 to 11 passengers. Car of the 5th generation increased the carrying capacity and expanded the range of power units.
In total, there are 4 diesel engines to choose from, ranging from 86 to 174 horsepower, and only a couple of gasoline engines developing 115 and 235 horsepower.
The 5th generation models have 2 wheelbase options, 3 body height options and 5 loadspace options. Like the previous generation, the T5 has a frontal transverse engine. The gear lever was moved to the instrument panel.
The Volkswagen Multivan T5 is the first of its kind to feature side airbags.
The comfort level of the Multivan T5 has increased significantly. The most important element was the appearance of the Digital Voice Enhancement system, which gives passengers the opportunity to conduct a conversation using a microphone without raising their voice - the entire conversation will be broadcast to the speakers installed in the cabin.
On top of that, the suspension has been changed - now it has become fully independent, whereas earlier the rear wheels were damped by springs. In general, from an expensive commercial minibus, the Multivan T5 has turned into a top-class minivan.
On the platform of the 5th generation, a tow truck and an armored car are also produced. The latter, in turn, received armored body panels, bulletproof glass, additional locking mechanisms in the doors, an armored sunroof, battery protection, an intercom and a fire extinguishing system for the power unit.
As a separate option, anti-shatter protection of the bottom, a bracket for weapons and a box for transporting valuables are installed. This machine has a load capacity of 3,000 kilograms.
The equipment of the tow truck provides for the presence of a lowering aluminum chassis, an aluminum platform, spare wheels, 8 sockets, a mobile winch with 20 meters of cable. This machine received a carrying capacity of up to 2,300 kilograms.
The fifth generation of the Transporter has become safer, as the design department has paid enough attention to this criterion. Cargo modifications have only an ABS system and airbags, while passenger versions already have ESP, ASR, EDC.
The German company Volkswagen in August 2015 finally officially introduced the sixth generation of the Transporter and its passenger version with the name Multivan. The range of engines was supplemented with modernized diesel engines.
Thanks to the change of generation, the car received an external restyling. Also, the changes affected the interior decoration, an expanded list of electronic assistants appeared.
Appearance VW T6
If we compare the model with the previous generation, it is distinguished by a modified nose part of the body, where there is a reduced grille, different headlights in the style of the Volkswagen Tristar concept version, as well as a trunk lid that has a small spoiler.
Of course, the novelty has become more modern, fashionable and respectable. However, if you look from a different angle, you can see already established forms and similarities with past models. The German company once again pays tribute to tradition and scrupulously refers to changes in design.
All the company's cars change outwardly little by little, however, they retain their familiar beauty. On the passenger side, sitting in front, a sliding door is provided, which is included in the basic package, and a sliding driver's door can be installed as an option.
The T6 is completely based on the T5, which has been supplemented with a Dynamic Control Cruise chassis with three modes - Comfort, Normal and Sport. It also provides for the presence of cruise control, automatic braking after an accident, smart headlights that can automatically switch high beam to the nearest when an oncoming vehicle is detected.
In addition, an assistant is provided when descending a mountain (optional), a service that analyzes driver fatigue and a driver's voice when broadcasting from speakers. The car has an all-wheel drive system, which provides for a rear differential lock.
It's nice that the ground clearance has been increased by 30 millimeters. In addition, the novelty has a streamlined front end with an abundance of interesting sharp edges.
Salon VW T6
It is very pleasant that the interior of the 6th generation turned out to be spacious, comfortable and cozy. It causes only positive emotions, thanks to high-quality finishing materials, meticulous assembly and excellent ergonomics throughout.
Not without a compact functional steering wheel, a highly informative panel with a color display, a front panel with an abundance of compartments and cells, a multimedia system with a 6.33-inch color display that supports music, navigation, Bluetooth, SD memory cards. Pleasantly pleased with the installation of a closer for the tailgate.
The interior is distinguished by two-tone styling, contrasting stitching, leather-wrapped multifunction steering wheel and shift lever, and piping textile floor mats. All this is very pleasing to the eye. German designers have done their best. Seat heating and the Climatronic system ensure a comfortable temperature inside the vehicle.
The display, mounted on the center console, was surrounded by special sensors that automatically detect the approach of the driver’s or passenger’s hand to the screen and adapt it to the input of information. In addition, they recognize gestures and allow you to perform some operations in the infotainment system, such as switching music tracks.
The seats have become better and are now adjustable in 12 positions. Only rather weak noise isolation does not shine (however, things are no better for VW rivals) and the creaking of plastic elements when driving over bumps.
Specifications VW T6
power unit
A potential buyer may think that in reality the Volkswagen T6 is not so new. However, it is not necessary to judge only by appearance. The technical component has changed dramatically.
The engine compartment received two-liter power units EA288 Nutz, developing 84, 102, 150 and 204 horses. A turbocharged gasoline variation with the same volume is also provided, which produces 150 or 204 horses.
All motors meet Euro-6 environmental standards and come standard with Start/Stop technology. Fuel consumption has been reduced by an average of 15 percent compared to the previous generation.
Transmission
Synchronized power plants with a 5-speed mechanical box gears, or with a 7-band robotic box DSG.
Suspension
There is a full-fledged independent spring suspension, which contributes to a more comfortable driving. Installed more energy-intensive shock absorbers.
Brake system
All wheels are equipped with disc brakes. The brakes were a pleasant surprise. Already the basic version includes not only ABS, but also electronic system ESP stabilization.
Price and configuration
You can buy a new Volkswagen Transporter T6 in the Russian Federation from 1,920,400 rubles for the basic package. In Germany, the commercial version is estimated at about 30,000 euros, and the passenger Multvan is about 29,900 euros.
In the basic configuration, the minibus is equipped with stamped 16-inch wheels, two front airbags, an automatic after-accident braking function, hydraulic power steering, ABS, EBD, ESP, a pair of electric windows, air conditioning, audio preparation and more.
Also (in other trim levels) there is a considerable list of equipment, where you can include an adaptive suspension, LED headlights, an advanced multimedia system, 18-inch alloy wheels and so on.
