The YuMZ-6 tractor is a universal wheeled vehicle with a traction force of 1.4 tons. Now this unit is no longer produced - the last copy rolled off the assembly line back in 2001 (and the first in 1966). The tractor was called to help in agricultural work, in which it was very successful, earning the title of a legend of the Soviet agricultural industry. Many copies are successfully operating to this day.
The unit was developed at the Southern Machine-Building Plant (Ukraine, Dnepropetrovsk) on the basis of tractor MTZ-5. In the past, this plant worked for the defense industry, and its products (including tractors) were famous for their high reliability. Military acceptance rules were strict. The YUMZ-6 model turned out to be successful, and after 2 years the enterprise had already produced one hundred thousand copies.
The layout of the tractor is classic, with a semi-frame on which there are front axle and a diesel four-stroke engine. The cab is located at the rear of the unit.
Appointment
The tractor is adapted to work in large temperature range... It starts up perfectly in forty-degree frost (extreme temperature) and withstands heat up to plus forty. In addition to agricultural work of a wide profile, it is used in production, in construction, when performing public works, as well as as vehicle... Attaching a variety of attachments and trailed implements increases the tractor's capabilities.
Photo of the YUMZ-6 tractor 
The device is often used as a drive for portable and stationary equipment... Equipped with a trailer, it can carry various loads. And if you equip it with a dozer blade or excavator bucket, you can use the machine in road construction and repairs.
Pros and cons of the model
Advantages:
- High reliability and good quality all components.
- Quiet and smooth running of an economical motor, it has a decompressor, quick start even in cold weather.
- The engine can be easily removed for repair and maintenance.
- Strong rear hubs and axle shafts, excellent locking.
- Simplicity of design and availability of spare parts.
Disadvantages (according to the owners):
- Rigid undercarriage.
- Engine speed not too high.
- The motor is not adapted for long-term operation with no load (coking).
Device
Engine
Diesel engine of one of two models (60 or 62 Horse power s) with four cylinders in a row, not turbocharged. To start it, either a starting motor or an electric starter can be used (this depended on the version of the engine).
Transmission
The type of transmission for this model is mechanical, with nine speeds. One lever is used to control the gearbox of the unit drives and the gearbox (five-speed, with movable gears). The steering column can be adjusted both in height (infinitely variable) and by turning it (there are four fixed positions). It is controlled by the steering wheel using the hydraulic booster.
The friction clutch is of a two-way type, permanently closed. It has separate drives for the gearbox (gearbox) and PTO. Forward has ten gears, reverse has two.
Chassis
The rear wheels are driven by a rigid suspension with a mechanical differential lock. The front wheels (through which the turn is carried out) have a portal rigid suspension. Braking is done with dry disc brakes. The track at the rear wheels changes smoothly. On the rear wall of the checkpoint and rear axle there is a special bracket for fixing attachments in front of the tractor (frontal hitch).
Scheme of the check point of the YUMZ-6 tractor 
1 - primary shaft; 2 - tie bolt; 3 - driving gear; 4 - pressure plates; 5, 31 - glasses; 6 - intermediate roller; 7 - an adjusting gasket; 8 - ball bearing; 9 - gear wheel for engaging the second and fourth gears; 10 - gear shift rollers; 11 - switch roller lock; 12 - blocking roller; 13 - lock of the blocking roller; 14 - thrust; 15 - curtain; 16 - switch; 17 - emphasis; 18 - axis; 19 - lever for engaging the PTO drive clutch lock; 20 - rocking chair; 21 - spring-loaded latch; 22 - rack; 23 - gear shift lever; 24 - bolt; 25 - gear shift column housing; 26 - fork; 27 - lever stop; 28 - gear wheel of inclusion of the first transfer and transfer reverse; 29 - secondary shaft; 30 - roller bearing; 32 - gear wheel for engaging the third and fifth gears; 33 - round nut; 34 - reverse drive gear; 35 - the leading gear wheel of the first transfer; 36 - a leading gear wheel of the third transfer; 37 - intermediate shaft; 38 - driving gear wheel of the fourth and fifth gears; 39 - leading gear wheel of the second transfer; 40 - thrust ring; 41 - oil drain plug; 42 - constant meshing gear; 43 - transmission case; 44 - PTO drive shaft.
Hydraulics
Hinged hydraulic system made according to the separate-aggregate method. In the base model automatic control hydraulic units are not provided.
To connect agricultural machines, there are two pairs of independent terminals on the side and one pair on the back. The kit includes an external hydraulic cylinder and hoses.
Electrician
12 volts constant current for starting diesel engine(and starting motor) remotely and the operation of electrical equipment in the cab. There is a socket for connecting light signaling equipment.
Wiring diagram of the equipment of the YuMZ-6 tractor 
1 - front lamp; 2 - spark plug; 3 - sound signal; 4 - magneto; 5 - heater electric motor; 6 - heater electric motor switch; 7 - wiper; 8 - blocking switch; 9 - fan; 10 and 25 - connecting panels; 11 - fan switch; 12 - plug; 13 - plafond switch; 14 - plafond; 15 - stop switch; 16 - rear headlight; 17 - rear lights switch; eighteen - back light; 19 - socket; 20 - direction indicator switch; 21 - direction indicator interrupter; 22 - sound signal switch; 23 - fuel level sensor; 24 - central light switch; 26 - license plate lamp; 27 - magneto switch; 28 - fuse box; 29 - headlight switch; 30 - pilot lamps; 31 - washer switch; 32 - coolant temperature gauge; 33 - ammeter; 34 - lighting lamps of the instrument panel; 35 - washer; 36 - generator; 37 - headlights; 38 - switch "mass"; 39 - portable lamp; 40 - rechargeable battery; 41 - portable lamp socket; 42 - starter; 43 - gauge for the coolant temperature gauge; 44 - fuel level indicator; 45 - starter switch.
Cabin
In a single cab with two doors, which is supported by shock absorbers on the rear wheel fenders, the rear and side windows can be opened. It is protected against excessive vibration and noise, well located instrument cluster... In a number of modifications, a cab with increased visibility is used, which is very convenient for the driver.
Specifications
Technical characteristics of the YUMZ-6 tractor:
| Specifications | Indicators | Unit measurements |
| engine's type | D-65 or D-242-71 | |
| Working forward speed (maximum) | 11,1 | km / h |
| Transport forward speed (maximum) | 24,5 | km / h |
| Reverse speed (maximum) | 5,7 | km / h |
| Turning radius | 5 | m |
| For the D-65 engine: | ||
| - engine power | 45,6 | kw |
| - rotation speed (nominal) | 1750 | rpm |
| - torque (maximum) | 270 | N * m |
| - cylinder diameter | 11 | cm |
| - piston stroke | 13 | cm |
| - fuel consumption | 245 | g / kWh |
| - working volume | 4,94 | l |
| For the D-242-71 engine: | ||
| - engine power | 46 | kw |
| - rotation frequency | 1800 | rpm |
| - torque (maximum) | 241 | N * m |
| - cylinder diameter | 11 | cm |
| - piston stroke | 12,5 | cm |
| - fuel consumption | 226 | g / kWh |
| - working volume | 4,75 | l |
| General characteristics: | ||
| - number of engine cylinders | 4 | PCS. |
| - volume of the fuel tank | 90 | l |
| - forward working speed (maximum) | 11,1 | km / h |
| - forward transport speed (maximum) | 24,5 | km / h |
| - backward speed (maximum) | 5,7 | km / h |
| - turning radius | 5 | m |
| - the size of the front track | 1,36-1,86 | m |
| - rear track size | 1,4-1,8 | m |
| - wheelbase | 2,45 | m |
| - clearance (under the front axle) | 0,45 | m |
| - clearance (under the rear axle) | 0,645 | m |
| - weight (operational, with additional weights) | 3,895 | T |
| - tractor weight | 2,895 | T |
| - weight (structural, with working equipment) | 3,35 | T |
| - permissible trailer weight | 6 | T |
| - width | 1,884 | m |
| - height (in the cabin) | 2,66 | m |
| - height (over the muffler) | 2,86 | m |
| - length (with hinged system) | 4,14 | m |
| - length (without hinged system) | 3,69 | m |
Modifications
It should be noted right away that the letter "L" in the name of the tractor meant that the engine was started using a starting engine. If instead of "L" there was the letter "M", then an electric starter was used for this purpose. The presence of the letter "K" indicated an oversized cabin. Further - directly about the modifications.
The very first began to make the YUMZ-6L tractor. They were almost identical to the MTZ-5 and were very similar to the MTZ-50. The difference between this modification is a rounded radiator grill.
The YUMZ-6AL variant is distinguished by the ability to adjust the steering column. It could be rotated at different angles and its height changed. The changes also affected the brakes and the hood - it became rectangular.
The YUMZ-6K version was intended to serve industrial needs, so the need for attached agricultural equipment disappeared from him (but later, when the model became basic, it was returned). But there were mounts for the dozer blade and excavator bucket.
In 1978, the YuMZ-6AK tractor was created, equipped with an improved hydraulic system, with adjustment of force and position. In addition, this unit was distinguished by a new comfortable cab, the viewing angle of which has become much larger.
For five years (from 1985 to 1990), the enterprise produced a variation called YuMZ-6KL, featuring a large modernized cab and automatic hydraulics adjustment. After 1991, until the beginning of this century, the same modification was produced under the names YUMZ-6AKL and YUMZ-6AKM.
Video review of the YUMZ-6 tractor:
Universal wheeled tractor YuMZ-6, the serial production of which, with minor upgrades, lasted from 1966 to 2001 at the Yuzhmash plant in the Ukrainian Dnepropetrovsk. Thanks to the successful concept and high quality, the tractor has become an indispensable assistant for village workers, builders, and public utilities. The car was produced in several, significantly different versions, which made it possible to expand the scope of its operation.
History of creation
Back in the years of the Great Patriotic War, the construction of a large automobile plant started in Dnepropetrovsk. Later, the specialization of the enterprise was changed, and it switched to the production of products of the military-industrial complex. "Southern Machine-Building Plant" became one of the leading enterprises of the Soviet military-industrial complex. Here the production of rocket technology, spacecraft, engines was established. Along with military products, "Yuzhmash" also produced civilian equipment - equipment, tractors.
The model of the YUMZ-6 tractor was based on the concept of the MTZ-5 "Belarus" machine manufactured by Minsk tractor plant... The modernized and modified design turned out to be very successful and in demand. Suffice it to note that two years after the start of serial production, the 100,000th tractor rolled off the Yuzhmash assembly line.
The factor of the plant's belonging to the military-industrial complex also played a significant role in the success of the model - there was a strict military acceptance, thanks to which the quality of the products was given primary importance.
Design
The tractor is built according to the classic "tractor" concept. The structure is based on a semi-frame welded from a pair of channels and a cross bar. The transmission unit is bolted to the semi-frame. Power unit, gearbox and axle are assembled into a single bolted unit mounted on a semi-frame.
Maximum permissible weight tractor YuMZ-6 with attachments is 3.9 tons, without attachments - 3.3 tons. The tractor can be operated with a trailer weighing no more than 6 tons.
Cabin
The tractor received a completely comfortable and ergonomic for its time soundproofed cab. The all-round glazing provides excellent visibility from the tractor driver's workplace. The spacious cab is airtight enough to prevent dust from entering the passenger compartment when working on construction sites. Natural ventilation is provided through a sunroof and an opening rear window.
The steering column of the tractor is adjustable in height and tilt. The steering wheel is equipped with a hydraulic booster. The cabin is equipped with a plafond of lighting, a heater, and an electric fan. The salon is completed with a first aid kit, a bag with a set of tools and a thermos.
The cab is attached to the chassis via rubber shock absorbers to reduce vibration and suspension stiffness.
YuMZ-6 engine
The tractors were manufactured in a complete set with two types of diesel power plants D65 and D-241-71. The early versions of the tractor were equipped with a D-241-71 diesel with a capacity of 45.6 horsepower and a working volume of 4.75 liters. The 5-liter D-65 engine with a capacity of 60 horses became the base for the tractor. This 4-stroke, 4-cylinder direct injection engine was in-line vertical. The engine is started by a starting device or an electric starter.
The power unit was equipped with air cooling, lubrication and fuel supply systems.
The tractor engine is aggregated with a power take-off shaft, which is necessary for the use of various attachments. The YuMZ-6 engines, which the tractor was equipped with, were famous for their reliability, durability and high maintainability.
The car was equipped with a fuel tank with a capacity of 90 liters. The working speed of the tractor is 11 km / h, the maximum speed in transport mode is 25 km / h. In reverse mode, the tractor reaches a speed of 5.7 km / h.
Transmission
The tractor was equipped with a 5-speed mechanical box gear, allowing to develop maximum speed 25 kilometers per hour. The design of the gearbox, equipped with a reduction gear, provides for the ability to operate the engine in a static position and connect the clutch.
The gearbox is assembled in a single cast block with the rear axle mechanism, which created problems during repairs, especially in the absence of lifts.
Suspension, steering and braking system
The chassis of the YuMZ-6 tractor is a design of the rear axle, clutch, gearbox and rigid suspension of the front axle. The front axle of the tractor is simple and reliable. It is secured with one attachment point to the front transverse bar.
The design includes a transmission force control mechanism and a flow clutch.
The power steering gear is driven by a hydraulic unit without an automatic control system. On modified versions of the tractor, a steering column adjustable in height and angle was installed.
The machine had a high center of gravity, which is why the permissible tilt angle was set at only 10 degrees, but in operation the machine significantly exceeded this figure.
The YuMZ-6 tractor is equipped with drum brakes, autonomous for each wheel. Such a scheme simplifies control and allows you to maneuver, slowing down different wheels. Increased cross-country ability the machine is provided with a rear differential locking system.
Modifications
The tractor has been produced for three decades, and over the years, the designers of the enterprise have regularly improved the machine and expanded its capabilities. Thanks to this, several modifications of the car appeared:
- YuMZ-6L - the main difference from the base model was the presence of a starting engine for starting the car;
- YuMZ-6AL - modification with an updated brake system, dashboard and radiator grill;
- YUMZ-6K - modification for construction and industrial enterprises. Agricultural attachment attachments have been replaced with dozer blade and excavator bucket attachment systems. In addition, the tractor was equipped with an extended cab;
- YuMZ-6AK is a car with an adjustable steering column and a new cab with an increased level of comfort.
Attachments
The tractor was originally designed as a universal machine capable of working with trailers, agricultural and industrial attachments.
Tractor-adaptable attachments fall into three categories:
- agricultural equipment - seeders, plows, cultivators, harrows;
- construction equipment - compressors, welding systems, hoists, etc.
- transport equipment - trailers, carts, tanks.
Attached equipment mates with the tractor by means of the following elements:
- power take-off shaft;
- retainer;
- traction-coupling unit CA 1, equipped with a control unit installed in the cab.
The tractor is equipped with systems allowing the connection of electrical, hydraulic and pneumatic devices. The ability to work with attachments and transport equipment significantly expands the capabilities of the machine and the scope of its use.
Malfunctions YuMZ-6
Reliability, unpretentiousness and significant resource became the undoubted advantages of the tractor. Subject to the operating conditions and timely maintenance, the tractor could operate smoothly for many years without the need for major repairs. So the engine resource before overhaul was set at 10 thousand hours. The service life of the machine, set by the manufacturer, was 10 years, however, even today, when the tractor has long been out of production, at agricultural and industrial enterprises you can find many machines that many times exceeded the established resource.
The clutch, which often fails due to accelerated wear of the friction linings, arising from increased loads on the YuMZ-6, is among the problematic units.
Another common malfunction is wear and burnout of injectors. fuel system, which leads to malfunctions of fuel injection.
The power steering is also not reliable. Problems here arise due to breakdowns of the pumping system and the destruction of the hydraulic booster distribution valve.
In order to avoid the occurrence of serious breakdowns requiring expensive repairs, it is recommended to timely and efficiently adjust the valves and clutch, as well as replace faulty and burnt out fuel system injectors.
Tractor spare parts and repair kits are available on the market in sufficient quantities. The cost of spare parts is low, which makes it possible to carry out repairs of any complexity without problems and significant costs.
Price of tractors
For obvious reasons, new tractors of the model are not present on the market today. But offers of technically serviceable used machines are more than enough. Their cost depends on the year of manufacture, technical condition, equipment, availability of attachments. The price range ranges from 80 to 400 thousand rubles. Cars passed overhaul and those in a technically perfect condition are sold for 500-600 thousand rubles.
The UMZ-6 wheeled tractor has lived a glorious working life, becoming one of the symbols of its difficult era. Developed in the distant 60s, when the country was mastering virgin lands and building new cities, it became an example of reliability, unpretentiousness and High Quality... Simplicity of design, versatility, high operational parameters, large motor resource and other characteristics ensured the popularity and demand for a long-lived tractor. It is no coincidence that today he continues to work in the fields and construction sites, and his technical concept is incorporated in the design of new models currently being produced by a number of domestic enterprises.
Video
Small domestic tractor YuMZ is a tireless worker and assistant for farms where there is no need to use large-sized self-propelled units. The technical characteristics of the YUMZ-6 tractor make it possible to use the equipment both for serious work on farm fields and for performing various economic tasks. The tractor was produced from 1966 to 2001. The main manufacturer of equipment was the Yuzhny Machine-Building Plant. After the production stopped, a modified MTZ-1221 series tractor replaced it.
Tractor YuMZ-6
The main characteristics of tractor equipment
The production of tractors was established in Dnepropetrovsk (now the city of Dnepr, Ukraine) in 1996. The basis for the technical characteristics of the YuMZ-6KL tractor was the image of the MTZ-5 series. Taking into account the fact that the production capacity of the plant in the distant 60s of the last century was aimed at the defense industry, it was possible to maximize the implementation of technical solutions that ensure the reliability and durability of a new generation of tractor equipment.
For the defense plant, the rules of military acceptance were acceptable, and this did not bypass the YuMZ-6 tractor, which immediately secured the glory of "unkillable equipment". For the reliability of the facts, the following figures can be cited: the first production of equipment was started in 1966, and exactly 2 years later the plant received an order for the production of 100 thousand units. At the same time, the layout of the tractor looked quite classic - the main semi-frame of the machine, where the front axle mechanism was located, as well as the four-stroke engine. At the rear of the machine, the operator's cab was located.
The unit was maximally adapted to work in low-temperature conditions, despite the fact that malfunctions were identified in the power steering of the YuMZ-6 AKL tractor. The equipment started up perfectly at a temperature of -40C, there were no malfunctions at a temperature of + 40C. Initially, the manufacturer decided to make a single customer-oriented product - to the agricultural producer. A little later, it became clear that the aggregate equipment would be needed by builders, public utilities, and production workers at the enterprise. Additional and attached equipment made it possible to expand the technical capabilities of tractor equipment, it is enough to mention the plow of the PPO 8-40 series, which increased the machine's performance hundreds of times in comparison with manual labor.
YuMZ-6KL with blade and bucket
Technical characteristics of the YUMZ tractor
| Parameter | Meaning |
|---|---|
| Traction class of the car | 1,4 |
| Travel speed | 2.1 to 24.5 km per hour |
| engine's type | D-65 N |
| Motor volume | 4.94 liters |
| Motor power | 60 h.p. |
| Length | 4065 mm |
| Width | 1884 mm |
| Height | 2730 mm |
| Machine weight | 3400 kg |
| Agrotechnical clearance | 650 mm |
| Steering control | Hydrostatic, mechanical control is allowed on request |
| Brake system | Dry, disks, the drive is made on the rear type of wheels |
| Front tires | Formula 9 x 20 |
| Rear tires | Formula 15 x 38 |
| Electrical equipment | 12 volts |
| System pressure | 14 MPa |
| Number of gears | 5+1 |
| Consumable part of fuel | 3.8 liters per hour |
| Fuel tank volume | 90 liters |
| Cooling volume | 29 liters |
| Resource before repairing engine hours | 12,000 hours |
On request, it can be equipped with 9.5-42 tires. Execution on a half-track is possible. A pre-heater has been introduced, there is an insulating cover. For the adhesion weight, an increase in mechanical characteristics is allowed.
Additional equipment of the tractor includes the following components:
- Rear wheel fender flare.
- Option TSU-2.
- Ballast weight introduction.
- Use of interchangeable shanks.
- The introduction of breakaway couplings.
- PTO extension connections.
- The use of external hydraulic cylinders.
- The use of a creeper type CH-5A.
- Electric starter.
- Starting mode of starting the machine.
Technical equipment of aggregate equipment
Agricultural machinery belongs to the traction class of category 1.4. This indicates that the tractor can be used in all industries. The equipment is equipped with pneumatic tires with parameters low pressure, which makes it possible to pass on any type of road in the presence of lug components. Additionally, the machine has the following equipment:
- Hydraulic system, separate-modular version.
- High-quality electrical equipment, from a 12 Volt mains supply.
- Reliable pneumatic system.
- Components and mechanisms for rear linkage of equipment.
For steering, a reinforced arrangement with hydraulic booster elements is provided. Qualitative turning of the front wheels is carried out due to the trapezoid, which is extended through the longitudinal type of traction of the machine. The linkage is directly connected to the shaft of the 3-spoke version of the helm technology via a cardan transmission system.
The brake system is made in three versions - pneumatic, shoe or spoke. The brakes are controlled by a pedal. The parking mode is performed using a lever that has a ratchet mount.
Driver's cab
Comfortable workplace and excellent visibility. The operator's seat is adjusted using special mechanisms. The main types and visualization components are installed on the dashboard, allowing you to determine the technical condition of the tractor, based on a specific state of affairs.
Cab and dashboard of the YUMZ-6KL tractor
Attachments
The manufacturer allows the use of special attachments for the tractor, which are a plow, harrow, agricultural cultivator, seeder, etc. It is allowed to use auxiliary equipment for work - compressors, welding units. Standard trailers, semi-trailers and containers of various sizes are used as trailers.
Modifications
The manufacturer produced several modifications of the equipment, in particular:
- Series YUMZ - 6 L. Its design resembled MTZ-5.
- Series YUMZ - 6AL. Radiator grille changed, improved brake system general principle actions.
- Series YUMZ - 6 K. The lineup did not have a hitch for agricultural equipment. It was possible to attach a bulldozer knife and an additional excavator bucket.
- Series YuMZ - 6 AK. Improved steering column control mechanism. The design of the cockpit has been changed.
The last tractor rolled off the assembly line 15 years ago. Thanks to small overall dimensions and good maneuverability when carrying out certain types of work on the ground, the technique is still very popular.
YUMZ-6 is always in the subject
The YuMZ 6 tractor is a true toiler of universal wheeled tractors. Most often used in agriculture and enterprises. The ability to install special-purpose equipment with replaceable working bodies on a tractor makes it a versatile road construction and earthmoving machine as an excavator, bulldozer or loader.
From 1966 to 2001, this technique was produced by the well-known Southern Machine-Building Plant in a variety of versions, which are noticeably different from each other. The very first copy of the YUMZ 6 tractor first rolled off the assembly line back in 1966. Now he has come to replace him.
The unit was developed at the Yuzhny Machine-Building Plant (Ukraine, Dnepropetrovsk) on the basis of the MTZ 5 tractor. In the past, this plant worked for the defense industry, and its products (including tractors) were famous for their high reliability. It can still be used with technology such as.
Military acceptance rules were strict. The YUMZ 6 model turned out to be successful, and after 2 years the enterprise had already produced one hundred thousand copies. The layout of the tractor is classic, with a semi-frame on which the front axle and a diesel four-stroke engine are located. The cab is located at the rear of the unit.
The tractor is adapted to work in a wide temperature range. It starts up perfectly in forty-degree frost (extreme temperature) and withstands heat up to plus forty. In addition to agricultural work of a wide profile, it is used in production, in construction, when performing public works, as well as as a vehicle. Attaching a variety of attachments and trailed equipment such as increases the capabilities of the tractor.
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| YUMZ-6AKL / 6AKM | YUMZ-6002 | YuMZ-652 | |
| Traction class | 1,4 | 1,4 | 1,4 |
| Travel speed, km / h | 2,1-24,5 | 2,1-20 | 1,6-22,0 |
| Engine model | D-65N | SMD-15N | D-65L |
| Engine displacement, l | 4,94 | 4,94 | 4,94 |
| Engine power, h.p. | 60 | 60 | 60 |
| Overall dimensions, mm | |||
| - length | 4065 | 4100 | 4520 |
| - width | 1884 | 1920 | 1920 |
| - height | 2730 | 2850 | 2850 |
| Operational weight, kg | 3400 | 3700 | 3700 |
| Ground clearance, mm | 650 | 650 | 550 |
| Steering | hydrostatic / mechanical - on request | ||
| Brakes | disc, dry, rear-wheel drive | ||
| Front tires | 9x20 | 11x20 | 11x28 |
| Rear tires | 15x38 | 15x38 | 15x38 |
| Electrical equipment | 12 in | 12 / 24V | 12 in |
| Hydraulic system pressure, MPa | 14 | 14 | 14 |
| Number of gears | 5 + 1 | 4 + 1 | 4 + 1 |
| Fuel consumption, l / h | 3,8 | 4,0 | 4,4 |
| Volume fuel tank, l | 90 | 90 | 90 |
| Cooling system volume, l | 29 | 29 | 29 |
| Resource before overhaul, engine hours | 12000 | 10000 | 10000 |
By order, the tractors are equipped with wheels with tires 9.5-42, half-track, pre-heater, an insulating cover, a mechanical adhesion weight enlarger, rear wheel fender extender, TSU-2, ballast weights, replaceable shank and PTO shaft, breakaway couplings, PTO extension, external hydraulic cylinders, SN-5A creeper, electric starter or starting motor.
Currently, the Omsk plant of transport engineering, under the license of Yuzhmash, produces the ZTM-60 / ZTM-62 tractors, which are "twins" of the YuMZ-6 / YuMZ-652 tractors. This is the most reliable excavator chassis in Russia.
Video review of the YUMZ 6 tractor
Wheeled tractor YUMZ-6, belonging to the category universal machines, produced by the Southern Machine-Building Plant in Dnepropetrovsk for 30 years. The MTZ-5 machine was used as the initial base, which rolled off the YuMZ assembly line until 1972. Basic model underwent several upgrades and was produced until 2001.
Device and technical characteristics
According to its technical characteristics, the YuMZ-6 tractor belongs to the category of machines of a traction class of 1.4 tons. The design of the tractor is classic, the front axle and the engine are mounted on a semi-frame rigidly fixed to the clutch housing and gearbox. The box casing is part of the power structure of the machine. In the device of the YUMZ-6 tractor, a 2-way clutch is used, which makes it possible to provide separate control of the attachment drive shaft.
The equipped YUMZ-6A tractor weighs from 3.4 to 3.9 tons. The weight of the machine depends on the modification, the list of attachments and the type of power unit. To change the weight distribution, the installation of additional weights is used.
Engine
2 types of diesel engines were installed on the tractor:
- 60-strong YuMZ D-65 with a working volume of 4940 cm³;
- 62-strong D-242 with a working volume of 4750 cm³.
Both motors are 4-cylinder, liquid-cooled. The lubrication system is forced, the oil supply and the pump are located in the engine crankcase. The engines do not have a turbocharger; a mechanical pump with a centrifugal regulator is used for fuel injection.
Fuel consumption of YuMZ-6 depends on the state of the metering equipment and the nature of the work performed. The factory consumption per hour is Idling 5.6 l. Tractor "cockerel" (with an excavator boom) consumes up to 14.4 liters diesel fuel in hour.
For start power plant applied gasoline engine PD-10 or electric starter. The power of the PD-10 engine is 10 hp. The type of start is reflected in the description of the modification - L (gasoline starter) or M (electric). Engine repair does not require special equipment and accessories and can be carried out in auto repair shops.
Transmission
The tractor uses a mechanical 5-speed gearbox. To transmit torque to the YuMZ gearbox, a 1-disc clutch is used. The gearbox and clutch are controlled from the operator's cab. Adjacent to the lever is a gearshift diagram to facilitate the operator's work.
The rear axle of the machine is equipped with a differential with a mechanical locking system.
The lock is activated by pressing the pedal; when the pedal is released, the differential returns to its original state.
The machines are assembled by the owners using elements from T-40 wheeled tractors. From the T-40, a front axle, a transfer gearbox and cardan transmission... The 4x4 drive is realized from the 2nd gear gear mounted on the secondary shaft of the gearbox. FDA (front driving axle) engagement is performed with a separate lever.
See " How to make budget mini tractor do-it-yourself fracture
Chassis
The tractor is equipped with a front swing-type beam. At the ends of the beam, pull-out elements are mounted used to adjust the track. The front wheel controls are located on the beam. Steering YuMZ-6 early issues of the mechanical scheme. The later version of the tractor is equipped with hydraulic power steering.
The rear wheels are mounted on a gearbox housing without suspension. Track adjustment is performed by moving the hub along the splines of the axle shafts. Rear axle tire pressure too low. Thanks to this, the passability of the machine is improved, as well as the vibrations transmitted to the tractor are reduced.
Hydraulics
A separate hydraulic system is used on the machine, which makes it possible to control several units at the same time. The characteristics of the tractor allow the use of various agricultural and industrial equipment... The pressure source is a gear pump located on the engine. The pump has a capacity in the range of 44-49 l / min at a pressure of 20 MPa.
The main and remote cylinders are mounted on the tractor, intended for direct control of the hitch. Installation of equipment with a power drive from the shaft is allowed. The shaft is brought out to the rear of the box, has 1 speed (540 rpm).
Electrician
The YuMZ-6 tractor is equipped with an electrical system direct current... The electrical circuit is based on connecting the negative terminal of the battery, electrical wiring and devices to the car body. Different color coding of insulation is used to distinguish between wires. The tractor has 3 fuse boxes installed in the instrument panel. Each block is designed for 4 fuse-links. The central unit has a spare fuse.
The operating voltage is 12 V. The current sources are a generator (belt-driven from crankshaft engine) and battery. On machines with an electric starter, a battery of increased capacity is installed (up to 215 A * h instead of 50 A * h). The wiring diagram of cars with a gasoline and electric starter differs, since the gasoline engine is equipped with a separate ignition system and a small-sized electric starter.
Cabin
The machines are equipped with a 1-seater metal cabin equipped with 2 hinged doors. At the heart of the cab is a load-bearing frame that protects the operator from injury when the tractor rolls over. The cab is equipped with protection against noise and vibration, glass with a heat-shielding coating. Wind and rear glass installed in hinged frames. A wiper and washer are installed to clean the windshield.
There are removable hatches in the cab floor for servicing the gearbox. The operator's seat is torsion bar-sprung and equipped with a seat belt. The seat is adjusted according to the operator's weight, as well as the distance to the pedals and the angle of the backrest. The cab is equipped with a floor-mounted heater. The heater is connected to the engine cooling system.
Modifications
The basic model of the first sample was produced in versions YUMZ-6L and 6M, which differed in the engine starting system. Early cars are easily recognizable by the rounded shape of the radiator shroud.
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In 1978, the base model was upgraded. The cars began to be equipped with a steering column with the ability to adjust the length of the steering shaft and the angle of inclination. The instrument panel has undergone changes. Externally, the cars are distinguished by a rectangular radiator grill. The parameters of the 6AL and 6AM machines are identical, except for the engine start system.
The YUMZ-6KL version is an industrial version of the tractor. The hinged system has been dismantled at the rear of the machine. The attachment points for the blade and the excavator boom are installed on the subframe and the rear of the gearbox. The tractor used a modernized cab, which provided improved visibility. In addition to the KL version, a KM version was produced, which differed in the method of starting the engine. After the cessation of production of 6A machines, the 6KL / KM modification became the base model.
In 1978, the release of the YUMZ-6AKL version started. The tractor is distinguished by a hydraulic system with modified flow distribution mechanisms. The YUMZ-6AKM variant differs in the type of starter.
In addition to the basic modifications, there are many individual versions obtained as a result of independent tuning of the tractor. The machines are equipped with front axles from other models, modified cabins, additional hinged control.
What can be completed
The characteristics of the tractor allow you to install various attachments with a hydraulic and mechanical drive. The implement system and hydraulics allow for separate control of the front and rear linkage. Car owners are tuning YUMZ-6, which consists in installing additional equipment borrowed from other tractors.
Equipment types:
- bulldozer knife;
- excavator boom;
- grab;
- agricultural equipment;
- sprinkler installation;
- cylindrical road brush;
- trailed equipment.
Repair and maintenance
The operating manual contains a list routine maintenance and the frequency of execution. The service life of the machine and its trouble-free operation depend on the observance of the frequency of maintenance. The list of works includes adjusting the gas distribution mechanism, adjusting the clutch and periodically changing the lubricant in the crankcase of the power unit and transmission.
Before starting plowing work, adjustment of the YuMZ-6 plow is required. Adjustment is made at the leveling pad before the machine leaves the field. The left side of the tractor and the plow wheel are positioned on wooden wedges. The height of the wedge is equal to the plowing depth minus the distance of 20-40 mm. After that, the ploughshare is brought to contact with the surface of the platform and the support roller is lowered with a screw until it contacts the wedge. The plow is then leveled with the right and center control rods.
Clutch adjustment
During operation, periodic clutch adjustment is required, which consists of the following stages:
- pedal free travel setting;
- setting the full pedal travel required to disengage the clutch;
- adjustment of the gap between the plane of the thrust bolt and the surface of the pressure plate.
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To adjust the YUMZ-6 clutch with your own hands, you must:
- By adjusting the length of the rod, set the free play in the range of 30-35 mm.
- If the clutch slips when disengaged, this indicates an incomplete spreading of the discs. Normal pedal travel is between 140-150 mm. Changing the stroke is done by adjusting the length of the rod intended to drive the lock shaft.
- To adjust the clearance, you need to remove the cover located at the bottom of the clutch housing. Swivel the release levers back to a distance of 73.5 mm using the nuts. The distance is measured between the end surface of the driven disc of the power take-off shaft and the working cams mounted on the clutch release levers.
Adjustment of valves
Setting the clearances between the valve stem and the rocker arm is performed on a warm engine immediately after stopping the engine. The gap is set within 0.25-0.35 mm. An increase in the gap up to 0.45 mm is allowed. The gap is changed by turning the adjusting screw located on the rocker arm. The screw is secured against spontaneous loosening with a locknut. The decompressor mechanism is adjusted in a similar manner.
Advantages and disadvantages
The characteristics of the YuMZ-6 tractor do not provide high performance when performing work. Powertrains do not like long-term idle and reduced speed. The gearshift mechanism wears out, the speeds begin to shut down spontaneously. Due to the design features of the transmission units, oil is passed through the joints of surfaces and covers.
The advantages of YUMZ machines include ease of repair and low cost of spare parts. The power unit may run on poor quality fuel.
