For small farms mini-tractors - this is the best option when choosing processing equipment. Prices for new factory equipment are high, and the second-hand option is not always available. In this case, self-collected samples help out. Home-made mini-tractors with a breaking frame are very popular among farmers.
Breaking mini-tractor: what is it
Breakaway tractor frame- these are two semi-frames, articulated by a movable hinge mechanism. This design has a number of significant advantages:
- improved balancing and, as a result, increased cross-country ability;
- small turning radius, such tractors can literally turn around themselves, which is important in small areas;
- good power density and, accordingly, high efficiency.
Assemble the tractor do it yourself a breakable frame is more difficult than a solid one, but the advantages of this model justify the effort. Did you know? Articulated frames are often used in the construction of all-terrain vehicles. Gained particular popularity homemade caracats(ATVs on tires low pressure) with a breaking frame and four-wheel drive.
Features of collecting device
Assembling a device as complex as a tractor will require significant time and financial investment.
In addition to purchasing parts and assemblies of the unit, you must take into account that you will need some tools. If you do not have them, then you can ask your friends for help or use the rental.
What tools will be needed
Since many parts will have to be adjusted to each other, and some even make their own, then you will need a lot of tools:
Required materials for construction
The device consists of multiple nodes, some can be completely taken from other equipment, some will have to be redone:
- composite frame;
- engine;
- chassis including suspension, axles and wheels;
- assembly with brake discs;
- steering mechanism;
- seat;
- mechanism for attaching attachments.
Important! For creating homemade fractures it is inappropriate to use new materials and parts, it is better to use "second-hand machine". Ideal option there will be an acquisition of an old passenger car:« Zaporozhets» , « Moskvich» or« Lada» , then there will be no need to dock the engine with undercarriage and transmission.
Designing a homemade tractor (drawings)
During the assembly process, you will have to articulate and adjust a lot of parts, and it is very difficult to do this without having an overall picture and detailing. 
If you do not have design skills, turn to friends who can help you in such a difficult task, or to the collective mind: on the Internet you can find a lot of options that suit you.
How to make a tractor with a breaking frame with your own hands
Assembling the tractor begins with making the frame, phased installation the rest of the units on the base, installation of the hydraulic system and electrical wiring. Let's take a closer look at each stage.
Frame and body
Frame components welded from metal channels (depending on the planned capacity of the unit, a channel from No. 5 to No. 9 is used) and connect them together with a hinge mechanism (for these purposes, they often use cardan shafts from trucks).
On the rear frame if necessary, mount a reinforced vertical rack for attachments.
For a body that does not bear the same stresses as the frame, a less expensive material can be used. The frame, for example, can be welded from a metal bar.
From above, the frame and the place of its articulation will then be covered with a metal sheet.Steering and seat
Steering it is highly recommended to equip it with a hydraulic drive: it will be very difficult to drive the tractor on sticky ground in the field with muscle strength alone. Hydraulic system can be removed from any other agricultural equipment. 
Since the suspension on the tractor is stiff, the seat should be made soft and, possibly, cushioned - you will have to spend quite a lot of time in it.
For homemade equipment Ulyanovsk engines (UD-2, UD-4) are often used, but there are a lot of alternatives, ranging from the option described above with a passenger car and ending with engines from motorcycles, motoblocks and forklifts. 
Important! When using a motorcycle engine, you will have to think about additional compulsory air cooling- the tractor loads cannot be compared with its normal operation.
You will also need to install ratio so that at a speed of about 4 km / h the engine speed is about 2000 rpm. These indicators are optimal for arable work.
Wheels
Axles (both rear and front) are taken from cars or trucks, before that shortening the axle shafts to the required length. An independent suspension can be installed on the front axle (for example, from Zaporozhets), rear axle better left tough. 
Wheels choose depending on the primary tasks of the unit. If his main work will take place in the field and on rough terrain, then it is better to use wheels with a diameter of 18-24 inches. If it will be mainly used for transport tasks, then wheels of a smaller diameter - from 13 to 16 inches - will do.
Having a summer cottage or a vegetable garden, it is impossible to do without a good mechanical device that will help to dig up the soil for planting all kinds of agricultural crops. However, to purchase such a unit, you will need to shell out not a small amount of money.However, there is an alternative option that will allow you to acquire the necessary device and save your finances at the same time. It is quite possible to make a homemade mini-tractor with a breaking frame with your own hands.
A homemade 4x4 fracture mini-tractor is similar to a conventional tractor built on the basis of a walk-behind tractor. Conventionally, tractors can be divided into three types: homemade, factory, converted by means of factory parts.
DIY mini tractor
It is not so easy to build a mini tractor with your own hands, however, it is quite interesting, which requires attention and diligence. Today, you can find a lot of different assembly options, but there is the most suitable design, which is suitable for both experienced designers and beginners. First of all, let's take a look at the frame design. Despite the angularity on the outside, all connecting corners and chassis parts are proportionally distributed.
Drawings of a mini tractor with a breaking frame
Key frame details:
Spars;
Traverse.
The spars have a three-stage assembled structure. The front steps are made of size 10 channels, and the last one is made of a square tube. The rear traverse is made of a sixteenth channel, and the front one is made of a twelfth. Absolutely such a concept would be appropriate for the cross member. The tractor can be equipped with any engine that matches the power of the unit. The most suitable option is a 4-cylinder water-cooled diesel engine. The optimal power of a home-made mini tractor designed for work in home areas is 40 hp.
To dock the clutch basket with the power unit, it is necessary to build a new engine flywheel and make a reconstructed basket casing to fit it to the required size. The flywheel is usually machined using a lathe. You need to trim the back and cut another hole in the middle. The bridge does not need significant adjustments, so it will fit any size. 4 ladders are used for fastening to the frame. To create a propeller shaft, parts from any machine are suitable. In order to achieve a high level of cushioning, it is recommended to fit 18 "tires. Fitting wheels is easy and simple. It is worth noting that a small part in the middle with a hole for installation must be cut out of the disk. After that, instead of it, the central element of the disk from the ZIL-130 should be welded. The bridge in front can be built independently, since you do not need to have special abilities for this. However, if you want to make the assembly procedure easier, you can simply use the axle from another vehicle.
Video: PTO device on a homemade mini-tractor with a breaking frame
Tractor wheelbase design
It is this component of the mini tractor that should be given special attention. Of course, you can use ordinary wheels from a car, but here you need to go slowly. Required wheel rim sizes for front axle are about 14 inches. If wheels with a smaller diameter are installed, there is a high probability that the tractor will not work properly in the future. And for us, the main task is to prevent the mini tractor from sinking into the soil. But there is another aspect that should also be considered. In the event that the front wheels are too large, it will be quite difficult for the driver to control this unit. However, this process can be facilitated by installing a power steering.
In addition, it is important that the wheel tires have good lugs. This will make the mini tractor more maneuverable, reduce the load on the chassis, and also simplify the operation of the device.
Steering
In order to improve the maneuverability of the tractor, it is advisable to install a hydraulic control. It is possible to find hydraulics for decommissioned agricultural machinery. To assemble it, an oil pump is required, which will be driven by the engine. Thanks to it, the required level of pressure in the hydraulic motors is maintained. It is best if the wheels of the main shaft are controlled by a gearbox.
Steering drawing
Suspension
The direction of rotation is accomplished by a simple distribution over 4 working positions. The main advantage of an all-wheel drive minitractor with a 4x4 frame is that it has excellent maneuverability. This undoubtedly makes assembly more difficult as it is necessary to design a reliable and correct shaft with connections. For construction homemade tractor it is recommended to use cardan shafts from trucks. Today you can find a lot of video materials from detailed instructions for making mini tractors with your own hands, however, as a rule, the basic rules for manufacturing are the same. On all tractors, the gearbox is fixed to the frame, the steering rods assist control. As a rule, a hydromechanical drum brake is used everywhere, which is controlled by a pedal. The accelerator and attachments are applied manually.
The design of a mini tractor requires a variety of spare parts, which are perfect for automobiles. So the drum brake comes in handy for the front wheelbase. The steering rack and pedal control can be taken from a small VAZ.
Construction tools
In addition to parts, a wide range of different tools should be used:
Welding machine;
Spanners;
Disc plate and so on.
In some cases, you may need to contact professional welders or auto repair services. However, here it is important to objectively assess your own abilities and skills in this industry. Device control and installation of the driver's seat As a rule, the installation of the control system and the kinematic diagram is carried out after the design of the chassis. One of the most important factors in this matter is the correct positioning of the driver's seat. It is recommended to install a seat from any car, which is not at all problematic to find in car services. The position of the steering wheel is also important, it must be attached at the most convenient level for the driver. The steering wheel should not press down on the knees, in this regard, it must be mounted so that the driver does not have a feeling of discomfort while operating the unit.
Engine and equipment of a body of a minitractor
As soon as the undercarriage of the device is designed, the kinematic plan is implemented and the seat is installed, it is time to start installing the main element of the unit - the engine. For its high-quality fixation on the frame, a special slotted plate should be used. In addition, it will allow you to give the required level of rigidity to the undercarriage of the tractor. After that, it is necessary to mount the electrical and mechanical circuits of the control system. Body cladding can be any, depending on the manufacturer's wishes. However, it is recommended to hide some components and components of the body to prevent contamination and damage due to contact with the soil.
Assembly technique
Before you create this colossus with your own hands, it is necessary to highlight the main purposes for which this device will be intended. The breaking procedure itself can be described quite simply: the walk-behind tractor is installed on a homemade frame. The brake system must be drum, and the steering rack can be removed from the Russian Zhiguli.
If a Neva walk-behind tractor is used as a base, it is better to choose it with a hitch, since this will allow you to transport trailers. Of course, if you use a profile walk-behind tractor, the service life of such a machine, as well as its performance, will significantly increase. assistant for work in summer cottages or rural gardens.In addition, its price will differ significantly from the mini tractor, which can be bought in specialized retail outlets.
Video on assembling a homemade mini tractor (break)
Rural life involves a lot of work, typical of of this type terrain. Nobody disputes the honor of manual labor, but the use of small mechanization means, in this case, can only be welcomed. However, not all categories of citizens have the opportunity to purchase a ready-made four-wheel drive mini-tractor in a special store, because the price of even the "cheapest" model can be at least 50 thousand rubles.
Here all sorts of craftsmen appear who have adapted to make such units out of all the rubbish that they have in the garage.
What a careless owner would have thrown into a landfill, a savvy and resourceful person is able to make a completely workable device out of this that can perform basic agricultural work.
Quite popular among such craftsmen is the do-it-yourself 4x4 fracture mini-tractor, which is a rather bizarre design.
The all-wheel drive mini-tractor, made by hand, has quite good cross-country characteristics, which makes it possible to perform virtually the same scope of work as shop counterparts, such as Uralets, Kubota, Bulat 120, Yanmar, Belarus 132n, Scout.
How to make a classic 4x4 tractor with your own hands
A homemade tractor can be made from spare parts that are in the garage. Perhaps the owner has long been going to throw something away, but most of it will help in constructing a mini-tractor. A homemade tractor equipped with a break frame is a classic.
Mini tractor with four-wheel drive, designed with my own hands may have good technical characteristics... This will make it possible for the tractor to be almost in no way inferior to analogues presented in specialized stores, even though the power of a home-made tractor will be less. In practice, the power difference is practically not noticeable.
The classic mini-tractor is used for agricultural work, including:
- plowing household plots to prepare them for further work;
- cultivation of soil, removal of weeds;
- harrowing the soil;
- sowing work on prepared soil;
- planting and digging potatoes.
The use of a home-made unit can be wider if it is foreseen in advance when designing it. If nothing is left out, it can be used for transporting goods, clearing snow and mowing lawns and lawns. It can also be used to prepare hay for livestock.
Thus, the Classic 4x4 can significantly improve the life of an agricultural worker and a resident of a country house, since absolutely any work can be performed using this technique.
Consider the design instructions. The most important part of making a homemade unit is the blueprint. A correctly drawn up diagram will allow you to successfully design the unit. With such an assembly, it is important to understand that some parts will have to be adjusted to the features of the motor and frame, because the components, as a rule, are taken from different equipment, hence the size mismatch. Fitting of parts is carried out on a lathe.
See " Overview powerful tractor MTZ Belarus-3022 and its modifications
After drawing up the drawing, you can proceed directly to the assembly, which involves several stages. The frame is assembled from traverses and spars with a three-stage structure. 1st stage - channel # 10, the last one - steel square tube 80x80.
The traverse at the back is made of channel # 16, the traverse at the front is made of channel # 12.
If a mini-tractor is designed on the basis of a walk-behind tractor, then the engine located on it will play the role power unit... If the unit is assembled in a different way, the motor will have to be bought separately. Any unit working on diesel fuel, with a capacity of more than 12 hp. The best option- 40 hp motor with water cooling function.
The gearbox, power take-off shaft, clutch can be "borrowed" from GAZ-53 or GAZ-52.
The details will have to be refined - to design the flywheel of the motor, slightly removing the rear part and making a hole in the middle.
The bridge can be installed as it is without doing anything with it. It is fixed to the frame with four ladders.
Wheels fit any passenger cars, optimal diameter 18 inches.
