The UAZ-3741 car ("Loaf" or "Tablet") is not picky about the road surface - it will go where it is necessary, and not where it is possible. This is largely the merit of the front drive axle, which always comes to the rescue - read about this unit, its types, device and operating rules in this article.
The device of the chassis and transmission of the UAZ-3741
Already the first car Ulyanovsk Automobile Plant- the famous GAZ-69 - had a 4 × 4 wheel arrangement, had a fantastic cross-country ability and was extremely unpretentious. And to this day, the concept of "people's SUV", embedded in the legendary "Kozlik", remains relevant and is implemented in all modern UAZ models. Four-wheel drive is also provided in the UAZ-3741 car (until 1985 - UAZ-452), which is better known under the name "Loaf" (which reflects its characteristic shape) or "Tablet" (due to the frequent use as ambulances and ambulances machines in the army).
The basis of the chassis of the UAZ-3741 is made up of two drive axles with a classic dependent suspension on semi-elliptical springs and hydraulic shock absorbers. Moreover, only in this model, the springs have 13 sheets (in other models there are less sheets), and on the front and rear suspension the springs are interchangeable.
The car's transmission has a fairly simple device, it is also built according to the traditional scheme without any special features. The transmission contains a 4-speed manual transmission (classic manual transmission), which works in tandem with a two-stage transfer case (has an overdrive and downshift) - due to the presence of a "transfer case" quantity possible transfers doubles, which greatly increases the capabilities of the transmission. Torque from transfer case with the help of two cardan shafts transmitted to the front and rear drive axles. In driving axles, the moment is divided into two flows and directed to the wheels, ensuring their rotation.
Separately, let's say about the purpose and arrangement of the front drive axle of cars of the UAZ-3741 family.
For UAZ cars different models and at different times the plant installed many variants of bridges. Let's try to figure it out ...
UAZ Timken bridge (civil or collective farm)
This is a split type bridge, that is, a bridge consisting of two halves. This type can also be attributed (it is gear or portal). From the factory, civil bridges are installed on UAZ trucks of the cargo range (loaf, onboard,), as well as on cars passenger row UAZ-3151 (469).
Gear ratios of military bridges UAZ
The gear ratio of military bridges is 5.38 (= 2.77 * 1.94 - gear ratios, respectively, of the main and final drives) - more high-torque, but less high-speed than that of conventional bridges.
Military bridge characteristics
- Ground clearance: 300 mm (with tires I-192 215/90 R15 (31 x 8.5 R15)
- Track: 1445 mm
- Track of UAZ Bars gear axles: 1600 mm
- Front military axle weight UAZ: 140 kg
- Rear military axle weight UAZ: 122 kg
Diagram of a gear (military) bridge UAZ
Rear axle UAZ with final drive:
1 - cover of the main gear housing; 2 - differential bearing; 3,13,49 - shims; 4 - a sealing gasket; 5,7 - drive gear bearings; 6.15 - adjusting rings; 8.42 - cuffs; 9 - flange;
10 - nut; 11 - dirt reflector; 12 - ring; 14 - spacer sleeve;
16 - leading gear wheel of the main transfer; 17 - satellite; 18 - right semiaxis; 19 - side gear housing; 20.29 - oil deflectors; 21 - semi-axle bearing; 22,26,40 - retaining rings; 23 - sealing gasket of the side gear housing; 24 - side gear housing cover; 25 - bearing; 27 - brake shield; 28 - brake drum; 30 - wheel bolt; 31 - pin; 32 - hub bearing; 33.41 - gaskets; 34 - lock washer; 35 - leading flange; 36 - nut of the hub bearings; 37 - lock washer; 38 - bushing; 39 - driven shaft of the side gear; 43 - driven shaft bearing; 44 - driven gear wheel of the side gear; 45 - special nut; 46.50 - drain plugs;
47 - leading gear wheel of the side gear; 48 - right cup of the satellite box; 51 - main gear housing; 52 - washer of the semi-axle gear;
53 - semi-axle gear; 54 - axis of satellites; 55 - driven gear wheel of the main transfer; 56 - left cup of the satellite box; 57 - left semi-axis
Steering knuckle of the front axle UAZ with final drive:
a - signal groove;
I - right steering knuckle; II - left steering fist; III - wheel shut-off clutch (for optional design see Fig. 180, IV); 1 - oil seal; 2 - ball bearing; 3 - hinge steering knuckle; 4 - gasket; 5 - grease nipple; 6 - kingpin; 7 - pad; 8 - steering knuckle body; 9 - king pin bushing; 10 - bearing; 11 - the driven shaft of the side gear; 12 - hub; 13 - leading flange; 14 - clutch; 15 - retainer ball; 16 - protective cap; 17 - coupling bolt; 18 - pin; 19 - lock nut;
20.23 - support washers; 21 - the leading gear wheel of the side gear; 22 - locking pin; 24 - rubber sealing ring; 25 - thrust washer; 26 - axle shaft casing; 27 - bolt of rotation limitation; 28 - stop-limiter for wheel rotation; 29 - steering knuckle lever
The device of the military bridge (photo)
Video replacement and adjustment of the main pair on the UAZ military bridge
Bridges Spicer UAZ Patriot and Hunter
Spicer is not a split, one-piece bridge.
In the early 90s, for the new UAZ-3160 vehicle at the Ulyanovsk Automobile Plant, Spicer-type drive axles with a one-piece crankcase were developed.
The absence of a split in the transverse plane of the axle gives the structure high rigidity, the unloaded connection of the cover and the crankcase reduces the likelihood of leakage along the joint, and the placement of the main gear and differential in a single crankcase ensures high precision of engagement and more favorable conditions for the operation of bearings.
- Spicer axles width for UAZ Patriot - 1600 mm
- Width of Spicer bridges for UAZ Hunter - 1445 mm
Spicer bridge differential
The familiar GAZ 69 has served for the benefit of the people for a long time. It's kind of an all-terrain vehicle that needed a change. The Ulyanovsk Automobile Plant started preparing the release of a new car, which replaced this all-terrain vehicle.
The history of the creation of bridges on the UAZ
Front and rear uazovsky bridge
The task was serious and difficult, but nevertheless they began to solve it. The main customer for such a transport was the Ministry of Defense. The military wanted to have a car that could be light, high cross-country ability, dynamic, capable of moving where it is possible to do only on a tank. But at the same time, it should be inexpensive, easy to use, technologically advanced, and have easy repairs. In the national economy, there was also a need for such vehicles, due to the fact that the roads left much to be desired.
The designers have created two bridges: civil and military. They are installed on UAZ vehicles.
Civil bridges are called "collective farm" bridges. They are fixed on such cars as "loaf", "tadpole", "goat", long and classic, "farmer".
Military bridge - reducer, two-stage, U-shaped bridge. Their installation is carried out on some samples of "goats" with an index of 0.3X. The new "goats" (316 *) are equipped with bridges of the "spicer" type, "leopards" (3159 *) and 316 * with a raised track - elongated warriors, gearboxes with extended stockings.
Distinctive features of UAZ with military bridges
The military bridge has final drives. This makes it possible to increase the vehicle's ground clearance. They are distinguished by their reliability, since main pair has teeth bigger size, but their quantitative composition is smaller than that of civilian bridges.
This is what military bridges look like.
The purpose of military bridges is that they are able to move effortlessly through mud and deep rut. Therefore, an additional ground clearance a military bridge of 8 cm made it possible to move such a transport off-road. The increased torque in off-road conditions has also become a huge plus and a help. The speed of movement on such a car, especially on the highway, is reduced, and a car with a military bridge will not be able to accelerate more than 90 km / h. UAZ is not intended for racing on roads, it exists for driving on bumpy roads.
There are myths, created by the same motorists themselves, regarding noise, roll-over, speed mode, consumption of military bridges:
- The UAZ car allows movement at a sufficiently high speed if the spare parts of its bridge are of high-quality assembly and the main connections are well controlled.
- Only a faulty front or rear axle car, regardless of whether it is military or not.
- Military bridges have excellent roll-up (raid). Regardless of its type, only a non-worker can have trouble getting out.
- Military men can be much more economical than collective farm bridges. Consumption is entirely due to the high-quality operation of the engine, the serviceability of the bridge.
The diametric rudder rod is straight and short, it is located from one wheel to another. This detail of a warrior cannot be replaced by a draft from a collective farmer. You can buy a "warrior" and without autotraction for front axle.
A separately purchased rod must be attached before rolling in the bridge so that the hubs do not part later.
Our automotive industry produces two types of steering bipods: the first in Yekaterinburg, the second in Nizhny Novgorod. This replacement part installed in the left steering knuckle.
The bipod is made of solid metal, by milling, without welding elements. If a new bipod is installed, you do not need to think that the steering forces will change, they remain optimal. During installation, the bipod is cleaned, lubricated and tightened, in accordance with the manufacturer's instructions for adjusting UAZ vehicles.
Features of brake shields and subtleties
When the front axle requires repair, attention should be paid to the brake shields.
Front and rear shield of military and civil bridges differ from each other. The military can be installed on collective farm bridges, and the latter - only with revision.
Distinctive features of shields:
- The farmer's nearest fastening hole is located exactly under brake cylinder, the brake assembly of the military bridge is not as accurate and is located between the holes. The brake disc will go a little to the side and down, when pumping, an air particle remains in the corner of the cylinder, difficulties will arise.
- Landing hole. Their sizes on bridges are the same, but the fit is slightly different, in this case the collective farm bridge will rest against the sides of the trunnion.
- Stamping. The military bridge has a positive overhang of 4 mm. The center plane is 4 mm below the outer edge. If the collective farm is installed in place of the warrior, the brake drum will jam on the brake shield. In a UAZ car with a military bridge, the landing center will be below the outer side by the same 4 mm.
The clearance of the improved UAZ has increased significantly
Many car enthusiasts dream of such an SUV. But in order to buy it, be it new or used, you need to pay attention to such subtleties as:
- year of production, color design, rally, price;
- technical condition of the car body: corrosiveness, the use of anticorrosive;
- inspection of the car roof. which will help you find out if it is factory or do-it-yourself;
- bridge category: geared, "collective farmer" or "spicer";
- the amount of fuel and oil consumption for the engine;
- suspension form: leaf, spring;
- power steering;
- the seller's opinion about the condition of his car;
- car tuning;
- issue with license plates, license plates of the chassis, engine;
- the presence of other UAZ car owners with a military bridge;
- PTS - registration at the place of residence;
- admissibility of withdrawal / registration.
All this information can be obtained by calling the car owner who is going to sell the car.
The right choice when buying
Inspection of UAZ vehicles with military bridges in the parking lot when making a choice to buy a used car.
A large number of malfunctions can be eliminated without certain efforts and consequences - spare parts for such cars can always be found at disassembly, in car dealerships and markets. When checking, the engine should start, there should be no blue and black exhaust from the pipe. Listening to the engine in different operating modes, paying attention to noises and squeaks is a prerequisite. Look for oil drips under the engine - it should be dry under the car.
A thorough diagnosis is required before purchasing.
The lubrication system is checked using a dipstick; oil cannot contain additives and formations. The top-up level is maximum.
The cooling system is checked by fixing the fluid in the expander. Appearance radiator and engine must be free of smudges and stains. Temperature regime the motor is kept at a constant level.
To evaluate the generator, you need to Idling press the gas pedal. According to the indicators of the devices, one can judge the mileage of the car. If the mileage is high, more than 80,000 km, then it is simply necessary to check the compression. It is advisable to perform this procedure when the engine troit, pulls poorly. You can compare the readings using the recommendations for use.
The corrosiveness of the body plays a huge role for the driver who decided to purchase a UAZ with military bridges.
Floor connections, swivel brackets, framing windshield, plastic suspension, a place under the pedals, thresholds where small debris and condensation accumulate, body skirt rear lights- all this can be found when buying a used UAZ car.
Steering gear - check for play and binding on site. When shifting gears, there can be no noise and squeaks, the gearbox must allow switching on gears without them falling out.
The pivots should be free of play; to check, you need to swing the front wheels by the top.
Checking the brakes is that when the pedal is pressed, they are triggered in a certain mode, the car should not skid to the side.
Cardan backlash can occur when it rotates. Otherwise, there can be no backlash. Everyone can buy a UAZ, but not everyone will figure out how to repair it and what spare parts are needed for this.
Wheel reduction gears for installation on UAZ bridges: civil (Spicer, Timken), military (gear).
For this SUV, most of the orders have been completed, which made it possible to work out the design and, if recently there have been changes, then they are associated to a greater extent with the ease of maintenance. Also, new models of the KR with helical gears appeared, for the construction of SUVs, assuming large distances. KP marking with helical gears contains the letters KZ. The installation of our CDs will not be difficult and does not require highly qualified service, since during installation, the CDs do not need to be halved, which ensures their guarantee. All CDs of our production contain a node for connecting a central pump.
KR with spur gears for UAZ axles - Timken, Spicer (KR models - 2014):
KR-2.13x2: lowering 2.13, clearance + 130mm., Under wheel disks D-15 and up. Recommended for wheels up to 1300mm. Offer for vehicle off-road, on tires low pressure.
KR-2.6x2: lowering 2.6, clearance + 136mm., For wheels D-16 and higher. Recommended for wheels up to 1500mm. Offer for off-road vehicles, on low pressure tires, large dimensions or for truck use with 1300mm tires.
All CDs are equipped with a node for connecting a central pump. The total lowering of the bridge, complete with KR, is calculated by multiplying gear ratio(lowering) KR, on the main gear of the central gearbox. Example - CR 2.6 x GP 4.6 = total reduction 11.9
KR with spur gears (2014 models):
KR-2.13x2: lowering 2.13, clearance + 130mm., For wheels D-15 and higher. Recommended for wheels up to 37 inches. General decrease 5.9.
KR-2.6x2: lowering 2.6, clearance + 136mm., For wheels D-16 and higher. Recommended for wheels up to 43 inches. General decrease 7.2.
KR with helical gears (models from 2016, revision 2018):
KR-2x1kz: lowering 2, clearance + 125mm, for wheels D-16 and higher. Recommended for wheels up to 34 inches. The total lowering of the bridge is 5.54, close to the standard lowering (nominal 5.37).
KR-2.27x1kz: lowering 2.27, clearance + 125mm, for wheels D-16 and higher. Recommended for wheels up to 37 '' (940mm). General lowering of the bridge 6.28.
KR-2.45x1kz: lowering 2.45, clearance + 125mm, for wheels D-16 and higher. Recommended for wheels up to 39 '' (990mm). The total lowering of the bridge 6.78.
KR-2.63x1kz: lowering 2.63, ground clearance + 130mm, for wheels D-16 and higher. Recommended for wheels up to 43 inches (1100mm). General lowering of the bridge 7.28.
KR-2.8x1kz: lowering 2.8, ground clearance + 135mm, for wheels D-17 and higher. Recommended for wheels up to 45 '' (1150mm). The total lowering of the bridge is 7.75.
KR-3x1kz: lowering 3, ground clearance + 140mm, for wheels from D-18 and above. Recommended for wheels - up to 1250mm .. Total lowering of the axle 8.31.
KR-3.2x1kz: lowering 3.2, ground clearance + 145mm, for rims from D-20 and above. Recommended for wheels - up to 1300mm .. Total axle lowering 8.86.
KR with helical gears, on gear (military) axles is preferable for high-speed operation, with big runs... The KR itself, in terms of loads, can withstand larger wheels, on other bridges, for example Spicer, they work with tires over 50 inches, our recommendations are given on the basis of reliable operation of the entire transmission.
All CDs are equipped with a node for connecting a central pump. These axles have the largest clearance due to the dimensions of the central gearbox housing. Two championships of Siberia were won on these bridges, not to mention the prize places separately.
Products are delivered under the order, the term of execution is 2-3 months, payment is possible in three payments, a guarantee.
Also from us, you can purchase arch extenders, companies FENDERS (formerly Lapter), at manufacturer's prices.
Preparation of bridges UAZ gear (military) bridges for the installation of KR LLC "VOiN 4x4". Cut off the drive gear outer bearing support, install the oil seal instead of the standard drive gear bearing.
The UAZ Patriot off-road vehicle is designed to overcome various off-road conditions. But when there is a goal of overcoming difficult off-road, and impassable roads and hilly terrain, then this requires the installation of portal bridges. These devices have been known for a long time, but they have been gaining popularity just recently, when applicants for testing portal bridges have appeared. One of these contenders is the UAZ Patriot SUV, therefore, today we will pay attention to the purpose of products, features and some models.
Portal bridges got their origins during the war, when the designers were tasked with increasing the cross-country ability of vehicles. The task was not easy, but doable. Portal axles were invented, which are the placement of the bridge axle higher than the wheel axle. This phenomenon was achieved by installing a special gearbox with gears in the bridge. Portal - they came to be called because of the spatial supporting structure.
This design is used among fans of overcoming offroad tracks, which are becoming more and more popular every year. And now not only outdated UAZ Loaf or Niva are participating in the races, but also modern UAZ Patriot, Chevrolet Niva, etc. Thanks to this design, the clearance increases on the UAZ Patriot SUV, which is the main function of such units. Due to the use of several gearboxes in the design, the load on the transmission system is reduced, without causing its rapid wear.
Internals of the gearbox
If you are reading this material, then it means that an idea has appeared in your head to tune your UAZ Patriot SUV by installing a portal unit. What are the pros and cons when replacing standard bridges with portal ones?
- First of all, the presence of a gearbox with gears will lead to a decrease in the vehicle speed, by about 20%.
- Now the SUV will accelerate three times longer, thanks to the same gearbox design.
- Reduced vehicle handling.
But along with the minuses, we get inversely proportional pluses:
- Improved geometric performance, which means better balance when driving on plains, bumps, etc.
- Increased traction performance.
But if we take into account that the main task of the designers was to ensure high cross-country ability of the car, without focusing on speed, then we can say that they coped with the task. Therefore, if you are going to the mountains in an UAZ Patriot SUV, then it is impossible to do without such devices.
In fact, portal bridges are installed only by those motorists who are not afraid to risk their lives or their cars.
Product features
The installation of gantry units provides not only an improvement in cross-country ability, but also an increase in ground clearance, which is very important for overcoming various aggressive obstacles. By raising the axles above the ground, it becomes possible to install wheels with a larger diameter, which is also important for overcoming obstacles on the off-road.
Due to the presence of a gearbox in the axle, the transmission is relieved. Participation in competitions to overcome obstacles will allow you to achieve victorious results. After all, competitors with conventional axles have no chance of overcoming aggressive off-road conditions. V Everyday life the presence of such a device is not very popular, unless you live in a steppe or forest-steppe zone, where you have to drive your UAZ Patriot SUV through forests and hills every day. Thus, we can say that portal bridges are necessary when you are tired of suffering from daily slipping in fords.
Consider some options for portal units for the UAZ Patriot SUV.
Military bridges
During the war, the UAZ Bukhanka SUV was a popular vehicle, which actually received its first military version. Today, more and more often, the owners of the UAZ Patriot SUV are resorting to installing such products at their own expense. Military bridges are characterized by relatively low cost, simplicity of construction and, most importantly, strength. Indeed, in wartime, the main thing was that the product did not fall apart on the go. Therefore, military products are popular to this day, as they are quite reliable and practical.
But here a new snag appears, because it is almost impossible to get military bridges these days. New military units have not been produced by factories for a long time, so you can find them among the ads. Of course, purchasing a device that has already been in use is extremely risky, because there is no guarantee that military products will last a long time. Unless you take into account the fact that they were made wonderfully well.
If military bridges become unusable, then it is not possible to repair them now. Therefore, if they fail, you will simply need to install more modern version... Therefore, it is up to you to decide whether you should strive to install military structures on the UAZ Patriot, but only in the end you will still have to dwell on modern, as they are called, collective farm options.
Bridges from the UAZ Bars SUV
Portal bridges from the Bars SUV to the UAZ Patriot are military counterparts, but only with an extended track. The track of the Bars design has been expanded by 155 mm from military analogs, and is also calculated for spring types of suspensions.
Car appearance with Bars products
If there is a need to install portal units, it is recommended to opt not for the military, but for the Bars structures, which show themselves perfectly when passing on aggressive off-road. To install the "Bars" instead of the standard one, it will be necessary to replace the universal joint, and the mount of the shock absorbers will also change. With the Bars bridge, you can install wheels up to size 37, while the standard product has 29.5 inch tires.
Of course, the operation of the popular Russian off-road vehicle UAZ Patriot on Bars longitudinal bridges on city roads is not intended, as we have already said that speed characteristics cars are significantly reduced. But the movement outside the city, on training grounds, in the steppe or mountains - all this is within the power of an off-road vehicle with longitudinal bridges Bars.
Of course, military bridges and Bars are not the only models for an SUV, foreign analogues are also known, such as:
- Pinzgauer, made in Germany;
- The Unimog, popular among the Nivs;
- Tibus, the most popular products for all kinds of off-road vehicles.
TIBUS final drive
The advantage of the latter option is that by installing such a unit, the speed of the car is practically not reduced. In addition, the performance is maintained ABS systems, if available on Patrick. Therefore, with the availability of funds, it is possible to establish a foreign analogue, but is it really worth it? Bridges Bars, unlike the military ones, can be found in service centers UAZ. Installation of products is carried out independently if there is a hole in the garage and a set of tools.
Summing up, it should be noted that Bars portal bridges are the most popular units that show excellent results in competitions.
You can check your MBM and reduce it if needed!
