In 1951 in the north
The Czech Republic was organized by the national automobile company
LIAZ. This abbreviation stands for “Liberec Automobile
factories" - production area were located in different settlements
points in the area of the city of Liberec. The production of heavy trucks was established here
and buses of the Skoda 706 family.
Since 1974, the enterprise began to produce cars in parallel.
new series - LIAZ 100. The machines were intended primarily for long-distance
and international road transport... Ten years later they received
tilt cab with improved design and became known as LIAZ 110.
These trucks were delivered in large quantities to Soviet Union.
In 1983, at the international exhibition "Autoservice Kiev-83"
jubilee, 30-thousandth refrigerated train as part of a truck tractor
LIAZ 100.42 and Orlican N13H semi-trailer.
In 1990 - 1992, the 110.573 model appeared with an enlarged cabin of the type
"Maxi" and ABS system... And in the mid-90s, the 100 series was replaced by the family
300.
Cabin
The cabin is quite comfortable and spacious, although by today's standards
and a bit small. On the LIAZ 100 model, it is made non-folding, 3-seater, in the rear
part is a sleeping shelf. To access the engine, the passenger
The 2-seater seat rises. However, for major repairs, for example,
to remove the motor, the cab can be tilted, but this is a very time-consuming operation.
On LIAZ 110 models, the cab tilts 60 degrees forward, it is 2-seater
and is already equipped with two bunk beds. The cab rises easily when
by means of a short removable handle.
On the "weaving" the driver's seat has an air suspension with a hydraulic telescopic
shock absorber. On the LIAZ 110, the partner's seat is equipped with the same suspension.
The height of the steering column is adjusted using a convenient rotary handle:
along with the steering wheel, the steering column switches also move, always remaining
at the optimum distance from the driver.
The heating system has its own characteristics. The interior heater is located
so that dust and dirt from the street passes through the "stove" and, naturally,
gets on the motor, so it is better to close the air intakes for the summer
at least cellophane.
Engine
LIAZ 100/110 trucks are equipped with in-line diesel "sixes" with
direct fuel injection. They can be both atmospheric (201
l. from.), and turbocharged (257 or 288 liters. from.). The most powerful unit
with intercooler, develops 305 liters. with. Later, the engine power was increased.
It is characteristic that the engine is located under the cab with a tilt to the right,
which made it possible to significantly reduce the height of the engine tunnel. Diesel is enough
reliable and durable, tolerate domestic diesel fuel well. Heating
there is no fuel, but if you work on its winter grades, there are no special problems
arises. Some craftsmen use exhaust gases to heat the tank.
At the same time, the tank naturally becomes "smoked".
The weak point is the rubber mountings of the engine: there is
the likelihood of breaking off the bolts. The LIAZ 110 has two starters, the second is provided
for "safety net", just in case (each of them is included in a separate
button). The fact is that the starters in this car in operation are quite
capricious.
On some trucks operating in Ukraine, the native diesel is replaced
Yaroslavsky. To combine it with the Czech gearbox, they make a round
adapter plate. Such machines are easy to recognize by outward appearance: engine
YaMZ with vertical cylinders is higher, and the cab has to be raised.
Transmission and chassis
The clutch on LIAZ trucks can be either single or double disc.
On machines of late production, a clutch with a diaphragm is installed
spring. Transmission - mechanical 5- or 6-speed, with "halves".
The transmission is reliable. Chassis with timely service of special
does not create problems. The only pity is that there is no centralized lubrication system.
On our roads, sometimes the root leaf of the front springs cannot withstand.
True, some craftsmen put "KAMAZ" springs, while, of course,
their fastening is changing. Tires can be used both tube and tubeless,
including Russian "Kama" and Belaya Tserkovskaya Rosava.
On machines of the first years of production, the saddle is installed on a special stretcher-amplifier,
which is attached to the main frame. But for working with modern semi-trailers
saddle height - 1300 mm - turns out to be too large, and in car services
the subframe is often dismantled and the saddle is attached directly to the frame by reinforcing
her in this place.
In Ukraine, LIAZ 100 cars manufactured before the 80s cost about
$ 4.5 - 6 thousand. "Younger", of course, more expensive. So, LIAZ 110 produced
1987 - 1990 will cost $ 8-10 thousand.
|
|||||||
|
|||||||
|
|||||||
| LIAZ 100.42 |
|
||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Prices for new parts, UAH |
Skoda Liaz is a legendary truck manufactured in the former country of Czechoslovakia. The history of the enterprise dates back to the middle of the last century, when the country's leadership decided to transfer production from the AVIA plant to Lyubertsy. It is curious that in the 70s the enterprise was the largest in the country for the production of trucks... The machines were distinguished by high reliability, unpretentiousness in maintenance, and had other advantages, which we will talk about later.
How it all began?
The establishment of the enterprise was preceded by a grandiose reconstruction of small factories in several settlements of Czechoslovakia. As a result of the merger of small factories, a large manufacturing plant was formed, which was named "Lyubertsy Automobile Plants". It is noteworthy that the newly formed enterprise was part of AZNP, the main Skoda plant. A year after the merger, LIAZ received autonomy, but at the same time, the trucks that came off the assembly line were called the double name Skoda Liaz. This continued until 1984.
LIAZ family
In 1973, an exhibition of trucks of a truck class took place in the city of Brno, at which the family of the company under consideration was represented by only two models - a truck tractor and a flatbed tractor. Serial production of the models began in 1974. Updates touched freight transport in 1984, when tilting cabs and three-axle vehicles were born.
Skoda trucks of the new generation favorably differed from many foreign counterparts and their predecessors, having excellent design and style. But this did not happen immediately: at first, the management, the engineering staff of the plant had to sweat a lot, creating an excellent truck. So, before getting what I wanted, I had to work hard on several prototypes. After some time, the company undertook to produce from the assembly line Skoda Liaz with shortened cabins, three- and four-axle modifications.
Model 706
Since 1957, modifications have been made at the plants of the combined enterprise:
- dump trucks 706RTS;
- truck tractors 706RTTN;
- chassis 706RT.
The latter option involved the creation of flatbed trucks, buses and all kinds of cars with narrow specializations. All modifications were equipped with engines designed for 160 liters. Other characteristics include:
- Diesel engine
- Fuel injection
- The power of the motors is 160, 180 and 210 liters. with.
Model 100
Introduced in 1974, the two-axle truck weighed 19 tons. The novelty implied operation as part of road trains weighing up to 38 tons. This quality significantly expanded the boundaries of professional tasks for carriers.
Model 110
The changes in design and style became dramatic, as the new exterior of the truck was completely different from the exterior of its predecessors. Initially, the truck was equipped with one of five M630 engines. Later came the anti-lock braking system and the Maxi cab. Other characteristics:
- The direction of the bulk of exports is the USSR
- Motor model - М630
- Engine power - 210-320 hp with.
Loss of popularity and decline of the company
The main strategic partner of Czechoslovakia during the years of production of the Liaz family of cars was the USSR, however, this did not mean instant popularity for the company with the release of the LIAZ 100. Sales activity was observed in the early 1980s, when a truck tractor became the main imported product. The association between Shkola and Liaz began to decline rapidly. Insufficient popularity of machines, insignificant requests from importers, undeveloped sales market - the reasons why the company began to approach bankruptcy.
In 1989, LIAZ becomes independent, and with the arrival of 1992 it takes the form of a joint stock company. After several years, Skoda acquires the remaining stake from Liaz. At that time, four generations of trucks rolled off the assembly lines of the plant.
A few months since 1992, the reorganized enterprise needed to release a new family member, named 400 XENA. The model was distinguished by an American diesel engine with a capacity of 530 liters. with. In addition, the innovative design and improved design of the tractor are welcome news.
Be that as it may, the truck did not receive proper recognition - for a period of how many years no more than a hundred vehicles rolled off the assembly line. The loss of the sales market along with the collapse of the Soviet Union did not benefit the manufacturer, as a result, he did not receive income for further competition with Western and European counterparts. At the end of the 90s, a difficult part of the company's history began.
Conclusion
The trucks of the family in question have a long history of development, however, due to the complex geopolitical situation, they have suffered various troubles and difficulties in different years. Until today, Skoda Liaz cars can be found both on the roads of the Czech Republic and Slovakia, and beyond their borders, which speaks of the reliability of products manufactured in old Czechoslovakia.
The history of the SKODA automobile concern begins in the distant 1869, when a young engineer Emile Skoda acquired a small mechanical plant, founded in Pilsen by the noble family of Waldstein ten years ago. In 1899, the SKODA plant was transformed into a joint stock company, after which it gradually began to turn into one of the largest automobile factories in Austria-Hungary. The first heavy trucks and tractors began to be produced in 1905, they were produced for military purposes with 45-90 horsepower engines and all driving and steerable wheels.
In 1919, at the Skoda plant, located on the territory of Czechoslovakia, workshop No. 83 was opened for the production of military tractors and the manufacture of civilian vehicles. In 1921, the first 3-ton trucks "Skoda-304" and "306" with 4 and 6-cylinder engines with a capacity of 45-65 "horses" appeared. In 1923 in the locomotive shop of the Skoda plant, under the license of the British company Sentinel, the assembly of 5-ton steam trucks with 2-cylinder steam engine power 70 Horse power... In the summer of 1925, a new stage in the development of the Škoda brand began: the company Laurin-Klement from the city of Mlada Boleslav, which received the name Škoda, was incorporated into the Plze Industrial Plant.
From that time on, the production of trucks developed there was transferred to Pilsen. The first products were the modernized 2- and 4-ton machines “Laurin-Clement 500” and “540” with 35-40 hp engines, which received new indexes “505” and “545” and a mixed brand “Skoda- Laurin-Clement ”. The 1-ton Laurin-Clement 115 pickups have undergone similar changes. They were assigned the index "125". The first truck new brand in 1927 there was a 5-ton Skoda-550, based on the 545 chassis with a more powerful 4-cylinder low-valve engine (6786 cm 3, 50 hp).
Independent production of Skoda trucks began in Pilsen only since 1929, when a range of 2-axle bonneted vehicles was presented (models “104”, “154”, “304”, “306”, “504” and “506” ) with a lifting capacity of 1.25-5.0 tons with its own 4 and 6-cylinder gasoline engines (1661-7274 cm 3, 30-75 hp). A year later, a 2-ton model “206” was added to them, but the main event in 1930 was the appearance of two diesel cars “404D” and “606D” with a carrying capacity of 4 and 6 tons, equipped with 4 and 6-cylinder engines, respectively. engines (5702 and 8554 cm 3, 66 and 100 hp). 1934 was marked by the installation of a 100-horsepower diesel engine on the 4-ton model “406D” and the beginning of the production of small series of 3-axle cars 656D ”(6 × 4) from the rear independent suspension and “806D” (6 × 2) with a lifting capacity of 6.5-8 tons.
The next year, the most popular 2.5-ton diesel truck "254D" with a 4-cylinder engine (3768 cm 3, 55 hp) rolled off the assembly line, for the first time received more streamlined external forms, and prototypes were collected 8 -th ton model “806DT” (6 × 2) with the most powerful 6-cylinder overhead valve pre-chamber diesel engine (11781 cm 3, 135 hp). All trucks were equipped with spar frames, single or multi-plate clutches, 4 or 5-speed gearboxes (for heavy models - with a 2-stage range), suspension on semi-elliptical springs and a hydropneumatic braking system.
Usually all of them were also offered in low loader “N” versions and as chassis for buses. Their maximum speed ranged from 40 to 80 km / h. In the second half of the 30s. Skoda modernized the previous models, equipping them with new units and creating more advanced forms of empennage and cabins. Only in 1939 did new cars appear: light series “100” and “150” with a carrying capacity of 1.4-1.8 tons with a front independent suspension, a 2.5-ton model of the second generation “256B” and a 7-ton truck “706D ”With an 8.6-liter diesel engine of 110 hp, which was destined to become the basis for all post-war products of the Skoda brand.
It should be recalled that in Mlada Boleslav a wide range of Skoda cars was produced, on the basis of which delivery vans and pickups were offered. In parallel, the Skoda company produced 3-axle army and special trucks and tractors. The first in this family in 1932 was the Skoda L (6 × 4) car with a payload capacity of 2.0-2.5 tons with a 6-cylinder gasoline engine (3140 cm 3, 66 hp) and freely rotating spare wheels suspended from both sides of the cab. In 1935-39. produced a new generation of 3-axle bonnet machines “6ST6” (6 × 4) and “6STP6” (6x6) with a carrying capacity of 4-5 tons. With 6-cylinder 100-horsepower gasoline and diesel engines, 2-stage demultiplier and single-sided rear wheels.
The 4-ton truck “6VD” (6 × 6), unified with them, received a cab over the engine for the first time. For Czechoslovakia, the second World War began in March 1939, when German troops occupied a number of regions of the country. At first, Skoda continued to produce almost the entire range of its cars, but in 1941 the German authorities took over the management of the enterprise and rebuilt it in a military fashion. Of the trucks, only the “150”, “254D”, “256C” and “706D” models remained in production. On the basis of cars began to assemble army utility vehicles "Skoda-952" (4 × 2), "956" (4 × 4) and "903" (6 × 4), and since 1942, 90-strong tractors RSO ( 4 × 4).
Part of the aircraft production was transferred from the Avia plant in Prague to Mlada Boleslav. The development of the post-war program began in the midst of the war, but immediately after its end, it was decided to transfer the production of trucks to the Avia plant in Letняany, a suburb of Prague. Since 1946, the production of the updated Skoda-706K bonneted car began there. Compared with the basic version "706D", it had a carrying capacity of 7.5-9 tons, and the power of the 11.8-liter diesel engine created before the war was brought to 145 horsepower.
The RGP base produced a 706RS dump truck with 3-sided unloading and a 706RO bus with a wagon layout. When the Avia plant decided to resume the assembly of aircraft, their production was transferred from January 1952 to the plant in the village of Rynovice, which was part of the united group of enterprises in the Liberec region of Czechoslovakia, known by the abbreviation (LIAZ). In 1957, the serial production of one of the most popular Skoda trucks, the cabover model 706RT, with a carrying capacity of 7-8.5 tons, began there.
It was based on the bonnet version “706R”, but the previous engine received direct fuel injection and developed a power of 160 “horses”. The maximum speed has increased from 55 to 70 km / h. On its basis, a low-loader version “706RTDA”, a 6.5-ton dump truck “706RTS” with 3-side unloading and a truck tractor “706RTTN” for work as part of a road train were produced full weight 24 tons. Capacious vans for long-distance transportation were produced on the chassis of 706RTO buses.
In 1966, in parallel, the production of the modernized 706MT family began, which received an in-line 6-cylinder diesel engine of the new generation “M630” (11946 cm 3, 180 hp). In May 1969, trucks of the 706MT4 and 706MT5 models appeared with an even more powerful 210-horsepower M634 engine and 5 stepped box gears with a 2-stage range. They differed only in the wheelbase (4600 or 5400 mm.), Had a carrying capacity of 8.2-9.2 tons and developed a speed of 80 km / h. The machines were also offered as MTTN5 truck tractors and MTS24 (4 × 2), MTSP24 and MTSP27 (4 × 4) dump trucks. Their production ended only in 1987.
By this time, more than 300 thousand cars of the “706” series were produced. While the production of Skoda trucks was increasing at the Liberec factories, the production of new cars began at the headquarters of the People's Enterprise in Mlada Boleslav (Automobilove Za'vody, Na'rodny Podnik, AZNP). On their basis, a small bodywork factory in the town of Vrchlabí assembled light delivery vehicles. Since 1955, on the basis of the passenger model “Skoda-1201” with a 4-cylinder engine (1221 cm 3, 45 hp), cargo-and-passenger variants, vans and pickups, which were exported to the USSR, have been offered.
In 1961, the Skoda-1202 passenger car range with an updated design also included a van and a pickup truck with a carrying capacity of 490 and 630 kilograms, respectively. On the units of these machines in October 1968 the production of vans with a monocoque body with a capacity of 7.3 m 3 and 1-ton flatbed trucks “Skoda-1203” with a cabin above the engine and independent suspension was mastered. Since 1973, their production has been gradually transferred to the Trnavske Automobilove Zavody, or TAZ for short, in the city of Trnava (Slovakia). In 1987 they received a more powerful engine (1433 cm 3, 57 hp) and updated design the front of the body.
After the collapse of Czechoslovakia and the formation of the Slovak Republic, they continued to be produced under the TAZ brand. Economic reforms forced to update a number of passenger cars, and at the same time the program of light delivery vehicles based on them. In 1990, the plant in the town of Mlada Boleslav, on the basis of the Favorit front-wheel drive passenger car, began to produce the Forman utility vehicle with a 4-cylinder petrol engine (1289 cm 3, 56 hp). He, in turn, became the basis for pickups and light vans, which were collected over 75 thousand pieces.
After the inclusion of the Skoda plant in 1994, a front-wheel drive appeared in the Volkswagen concern. a car"Felicia" (Felicia). Two years later, on its basis, the factories in Kvasiny and Vrchlabi began to produce light delivery vehicles - a pickup with a carrying capacity of 600 kilograms and a 450 kilogram van with a body with a capacity of 2.2 m 3. In addition to the standard 68-horsepower gasoline engine, they were offered with a Volkswagen diesel (1896 cm 3, 65 hp) and power steering.
For many years, the USSR and the socialist countries remained the main customers of LIAZ trucks. The desire to find more prestigious sales markets led to the introduction in 1974 of a new generation of cars of the “100” series, on which they decided to replace the Skoda brand with the abbreviation LIAZ, practically unknown outside the country. Another attempt to reach the world level failed, and the political events of the early 90s. and the deteriorating economic situation of the enterprise led to the fact that the plant was on the verge of bankruptcy and in September 1995 it was re-incorporated into the Skoda heavy engineering concern.
Having bought out the shares of the LIAZ factories and closed a number of unprofitable enterprises, he formed a new Joint-Stock Company (Skoda-LIAZ a.s.), which had only 4 enterprises at its disposal in the cities of Jablonec na Nis, Liberec, Mnichovo Hradiste and Melnik. At first, the program included all previously produced cars that received a new trademark “Skoda-LIAZ” and a modified indexing of models. These include series “S”, “FZ”, “110/150/250”, “300” and “MZOO” with gross weight from 9 to 40 tons with wheel configurations from 4 × 2 to 8 × 4 and diesel engines of our own production or Austrian motors "Steyr" with a capacity of 180-410 "horses".
The first new Skoda-LIAZ vehicle in 1996 was the Xena 19.47TBV (Hepa) mainline tractor for road trains with a gross weight of up to 44 tons, which headed the new 400 series. It is equipped with a 6-cylinder Detroit Diesel turbocharged engine (12,742 cc, 437 or 477 hp), a 16-speed Eaton gearbox, imported axles, front disc brakes, ABC, rear air suspension with electronic control, a new spacious cab made of multilayer fiberglass on an aluminum frame.
After the war, the leadership of Czechoslovakia decided to reduce the range of cars and trucks produced at various factories in the country. As a result, the Škoda car factory began to build railway locomotives, and the production of trucks and buses was transferred to the Avia company in Letnany. By agreement with the designer of the structures - the Škoda company, the same emblem remained on the facings of their radiators and the name of the company was retained.
The first post-war Škoda truck was named Škoda 706 R, its production was established in Letняany from 1946 to 1951, and in June 1951 the production was transferred to a plant in the village. Rynovice, now part of the city of Liberec. In 1952 new plant together with branches in the cities of Mnichovo Hradiste and Ganykhov, it became the center of the "Group of companies for the production of trucks and buses S706". Later, this group of companies became the basis of the LIAZ company (LIAZ - "Liberec Automobile Plants").
Development of the Škoda 706 R began back in 1930, then the model was called Škoda 706. The post-war model from the 1930 model differed in a more spacious cabin, a more powerful diesel engine and had a higher carrying capacity - 7300 kg.
The diesel engine installed on the Škoda 706 R was a 6-cylinder with wet liners and pre-chamber mixture formation, had several design features, which greatly facilitated its repair and maintenance. The crankshaft was assembled in a seven-piece factory and rotated in a powerful crankcase on seven large-diameter roller bearings. Pistons together with connecting rods when carrying renovation works could be removed from the unit without dismantling the diesel from the car. The light alloy pistons contained four compression rings and one oil scraper ring.
The timing camshaft with pushers and rocker arms was driven from the crankshaft by a gear drive. The diesel was equipped with a compressor that served the air brake system of the car, and was driven by a gear transmission from the crankshaft. Two filters with replaceable paper elements were installed in the oil line. Starting a cold diesel engine was facilitated by glow plugs located in each cylinder. The high-pressure fuel pump with a centrifugal-type distributor supplied fuel through steel pipes to injectors that were easily dismantled during maintenance. The cooling system included a thermostat that regulates the flow of water in the water jacket.
The volume of the diesel engine was 11.781 cm3 and had a power of 135 hp. at 1750 rpm. The maximum speed was 53.5 km / h. In real operating conditions, the speed of the truck rarely exceeded 40 km / h. Average fuel consumption was about 30 liters per 100 km. The oil consumption was also rather big - 1 liter per 100 km of run!
Paired with a diesel engine, the Škoda 706 R was equipped with a 5-speed mechanical box gears with three pairs of constant mesh gears. The steering included an actuator of the worm-roller type, while a small effort on the steering wheel was achieved by a large value gear ratio and a huge steering wheel diameter. The designers installed an engine brake (a damper in the exhaust manifold), the presence of which could not boast of many other European diesel trucks of that time.
The cab of the Škoda 706R trucks was very wide - it could easily accommodate the driver and 3 passengers. The cabin frame was made of wood, sheathed with steel sheets. In 1954, the cab was replaced with an all-metal one, but by 1956 they had already decided to abandon it, because in 1956, a cab-over-engine prototype was introduced. Trucks with such a cab, welded from steel elements, were assigned the index 706RT... The flatbed trucks were equipped with a 5000 × 2350 mm wooden platform with three drop sides and a steel frame at the base of the floor.
In 1954, trucks of the 706R family underwent modernization: a new radiator grille and fenders became more technologically advanced in manufacturing, and access to the engine for repair and maintenance was facilitated (small areas appeared to the right and left of the hood, located behind the front bumper). The maximum power of the diesel engine increased to 145 hp. with. at 1800 rpm, which made it possible to increase maximum speed up to 68 km / h. The upgraded models with an on-board platform were distinguished by a carrying capacity increased to 7750 kg and consumed 32 liters of fuel per 100 km of run. Production of the 706R continued for three more years - it was discontinued in 1957.
The 706R is replaced by Škoda-706MT... The model received an updated cab, which differed from the previous one only in the design of the front end. The new cab was installed on vehicles of the MT family and on the continued production of RT. In 1973, a two-seater cab was developed for cars operating on short routes - before that, all Škoda-706RT / MTs were equipped with a "long" cab with a berth.
Simultaneously with the production of onboard versions, the assembly of dump trucks began. 706RS with metal platforms that unload on three sides. The carrying capacity of the dump truck was limited to 6.5 tons with a curb weight of 7.26 tons. The main area of their application was urban and suburban construction. Another version of the truck was a car. Škoda-706RОК with a front cab, unified with the bus one. Cars, as a rule, were offered as a carrier of specialized equipment (like garbage trucks, etc.) or in the form of a van.
Dump trucks Škoda-706RS played a significant role in the restoration of destroyed factories and cities in Czechoslovakia in the first post-war decade. Wheels with large tires (12.00-22) and a huge ground clearance (250 mm) in the presence of a high-torque diesel engine provided a loaded car with good cross-country ability, including dirt roads... The presence of a heater, a relatively small effort on the steering wheel and on the gear lever formed the drivers' opinion of the Škoda-706RS (and in general about the entire line of 706R models) as a machine that is convenient to operate at any time of the year. Decades of engine and transmission design, high quality the manufacture of automobiles guaranteed their excellent reliability and durability.
Since 1969, the series has been produced Škoda-706MT4 and Škoda-706MT5 equipped with a new 210 hp M634 engine. and a five-speed gearbox with a two-stage demultiplier.
In 1970, on the basis of the 706MT series, a new family of LIAZ 100 trucks was created. In 1974, the production of truck tractors of a new family began, and a year later - flatbed trucks. This meant the end of production of the corresponding models of the previous family. However, production of the Škoda-706MTS24, Škoda-706MTSP24 and Škoda -706MTSP27 dump trucks continued until 1987.
Cars of the Škoda-706RT and -706MT families were produced in Bulgaria under the LIAZ-Madara brand from 1970 to 1981. Since 1975, drive axles for these cars were produced in Bulgaria, supplied to Czechoslovakia.
In the USSR, Škoda-706RT cars appeared in the early 1960s. Then truck tractors were handed over to the Soviet Union for testing. Škoda-706RTTN and Praga S5T-2TN with refrigerated semi-trailers.
Subsequently, refrigerated trucks became the main type of semi-trailers with which Czech tractors worked in the USSR. According to the test results, the Škoda-706RTTN were highly praised, but no immediate deliveries followed. It was only in 1964 that a decision was finally made to purchase Czech tractors, and Skoda and Prague with Orličan refrigerated semi-trailers began to arrive in the USSR.
In addition to truck tractors, the USSR received onboard Škoda-706RT and dump trucks Škoda-706RTS (as well as their analogues of the Škoda-706MT family).
The Škoda-706RT trucks have proven themselves from the very better side... On the basis of the 706RT model, trucks were designed for a wide variety of needs and industries: fire trucks, flatbed trucks, tank trucks, truck cranes and other modifications.
They were respected for their reliability and durability, as well as for the comfort of a driver's workplace unattainable for a domestic manufacturer.
Many Škoda-706RTs worked until the mid-nineties, and some copies are found on the roads today.
In 1973, the production of trucks under the Skoda brand stopped and the production of LIAZ trucks began (although the LIAZ plant became independent in 1953, it produced trucks with the Skoda logo for another 20 years). The debut of the LIAZ brand took place at the World Fair in Brno in 1973.
In September 1995, the LIAZ plant was incorporated into the Škoda heavy engineering concern. Having bought out the shares of LIAZ factories and closed a number of unprofitable enterprises, he formed a new Joint Stock Company - Skoda-LIAZ a.s, which had only 4 enterprises in the cities of Jablonec na Nis, Liberec, Mnichovo Hradiste and Melnik. At first, the program included all previously produced cars, which received a new trademark "Škoda-LIAZ" and a revised model indexing.
These include the "S", "FZ", "110/150/250", "300" and "MZOO" series with a gross weight of 9 to 40 tons with wheel configurations from 4x2 to 8x4 and diesel engines of our own production or Austrian engines "Steyr "(Steyr) with a capacity of 180-410 hp.
And in 1996 "Škoda-LIAZ" launched a new truck on the market - the main tractor "Xen a 19.47TBV" (for road trains with a gross weight of up to 44 tons, which led the new series "400".
It is equipped with a Detroit Diesel 6-cylinder turbocharged engine (12,742 cc, 437 or 477 hp), 16-speed Eaton gearbox, imported axles, front disc brakes, ABS, electronically controlled rear air suspension, new spacious a cabin made of multilayer fiberglass on an aluminum frame. In 2000, a new Fox series with a GVW of 19 tons with 290-330 hp engines was added to it. In 2003, production of the Xen a and Fox trucks ceased.
In 1999, Skoda, with the help of Truck International AS, acquired the newly organized Skoda Motory from Jablonek, which became a subsidiary. On February 28, 2002 Skoda Motory became JAMOT (Jablonecky Motory) and on June 17 declared itself bankrupt. On July 1, 2003, JAMOT became part of the TEDOM concern. In the same year, TEDOM began bankruptcy proceedings against LIAZ, and in 2002, the engine plant in Yablonets, the main supplier of power units for the conveyors of the former giant SKODA-LIAZ, was declared insolvent. In just 50 years of its existence, Skoda-LIAZ has produced about 350 thousand trucks and bus chassis.
The Skoda Liaz car is a product of the so-called golden era of the American-European automobile industry. The combination of domestic and became a good idea. Thanks to this, the world saw, perhaps, one of the most legendary trucks of the Soviet era.
It all started when the reconstruction of factories began in small settlements in Czechoslovakia. Some of them merged, as a result of which the Lyubertsy Automobile Plant was formed, which became part of AZNP (the main plant of the Skoda brand).
After a year of operation, he received full independence in work. But the products that he produced still came out under a double name. This is how the Skoda Liaz brand appeared.
Lineup liaz skoda
At the time of the 70s and 80s, such cars of the category of trucks were considered a breakthrough. Specifications seriously differed from the existing developments of that time.
The visual qualities were the essence of an innovative vision for design, style and practicality. But the job didn't come easy for the engineers. Before showing the world the main model line, I had to sweat a lot over the mass of prototypes.
Skoda liaz 100
The truck was released in 1974. The car was developed on the basis of the 706MT, which hardly lost its own popularity, but needed some technical improvements. This modification became the standard of the eminent style, which is impressive to this day.
Technical characteristics of the Skoda liaz 100.42 truck
The two-axle novelty weighed 19 tons, but as part of a road train, its weight reached 38 tons. Thanks to this, the technical potential vehicle became much wider, and made it possible to solve a lot of problems, especially in the field of long-distance cargo transportation.
There were also increased engines, due to which the car could easily reach speeds of up to 98 km / h. For 100 liters, the car required 37 liters of fuel, which, even in current conditions, is considered a moderate indicator. The gearbox did not shine with uniqueness, and was a simple but reliable 5-speed mechanism.
A few months later, the modification was supplemented by tractors, which received the index 100.45, and after a while - flatbed trucks 100.05.
Skoda liaz 110
The popular Skoda Liaz 110 model, again, received a number of visual changes. There is practically nothing left of the former exterior. Another individual characteristic is the M630 motor (210 and 320 hp), the presence of anti-lock braking brake system and Maxi-class cabins (in configuration 110.573).
For the first time, the cabin was able to recline back. The rear air suspension was also the key to the 110's popularity.
Like its predecessor, it was actively exported to the USSR. Tandem 100-110 was a real guarantor of quality and reliability, which could often be found on long-distance roads.
Model 706
This unit began to be supplied to the Soviet market in the 60s. The main configuration is a refrigerated road train capable of transporting food, medicine and beauty products over long distances. Unlike local models, the 706 is easier to operate, and also adapted to harsh operating conditions.
Modifications to the 706th model:
- 706RTS, type - dump truck;
- 706RTTN, truck tractor;
- Chassis 706RT, which was used for the production of buses, narrow special purpose vehicles, as well as flatbed trucks.
Each model was produced with a 160 hp engine. A little later, the devices began to be completed. diesel engines and fuel injection. In terms of power power unit was divided into several types: 160, 180 and 210 hp.
Skoda Liaz completed its journey in 1985. It was replaced by liaz 100, which is described a little above. The visual characteristics made the device more noticeable, and the build quality allows the "old man" to work even now, albeit rarely.
The story ended in the late 90s. The collapse of the USSR and the inability to compete with more advanced counterparts led the company to serious financial problems. The plant, which became bankrupt, curtailed production, but forever left its rally in the history of European and domestic mechanical engineering.
Price
If you wish, you can buy a car for 200,000 - 300,000 rubles.
