The history of the establishment of the plant goes back to 1933, when it was decided to build a timber chemical experimental plant for the improvement of wood "LOZOD". In 1935 the plant produced: insulation boards, lignoston bars, pressed wood and wood products. Since 1945, the plant became known as the Likinsky Machine-Building Plant (LiMZ) and produced: electric saws, sleepers, motor vehicles, winches, mobile power plants. In 1946, the plant employed more than 1,100 people.
LiAZ-158
Since 1959, the plant begins assembling passenger buses ZIL 158 and becomes the Likinsky Bus Plant (LiAZ). The annual production was 213 buses in 1959, 5419 units in 1963, 7045 units in 1969. At the same time, the development and testing of a new, improved large city bus was carried out.
LiAZ-677
It was LiAZ-677. An experimental batch of which was manufactured in 1967. For 25 years, more than 200,000 LiAZ-677 buses and its modifications have been manufactured: city, northern, sightseeing, suburban, gas-cylinder, mobile television station. In autumn 1972, the LiAZ-677 bus received the Gold Medal and the First Degree Diploma at the Leipzig International Fair. In 1975, the production was brought to a design capacity of 10,000 buses per year. In 1976, by the Decree of the Presidium of the Supreme Soviet of the USSR, the plant was awarded the Order of the Red Banner of Labor.
LiAZ-677M
In 1978, LiAZ-677 was modified and received the designation LiAZ-677M. The changes mainly affected the exterior trim of the body and interior equipment. In particular, the lighting devices of the rear panel began to be assembled in a combination and acquired a rectangular shape, bumpers, ventilation hatches on the roof appeared. Later - in the late 1980s - LiAZ-677M will receive upper marker lights and side direction indicators of a rectangular shape.
LiAZ-5256
1982 the beginning of the development of a project for the technical re-equipment of the LiAZ plant for the production of LiAZ-5256 buses. In 1985, the beginning of technical re-equipment; at the same time, the production of buses in small batches was started in the shop of small batches. Serial production of large city buses LiAZ-5256 began in 1990.
"LiAZ-5256 is a bus with a difficult fate. The car, created at the Lviv Experimental Institute, at first could not get out of the category of small-scale. Then the KamAZ engine plant burned down, and the bus was left without a" heart. "Then the LiAZ began to install motors of various brands and to sell cars to cities without providing service. The already undermined reputation of the bus finally collapsed after a terrible accident in the Krasnoyarsk Territory. The investigation showed that the disaster was due to design errors ... not only a completely collapsed plant, but also a car from which customers ran like hell from incense ... Much has changed since then. "The current buses differ even from those that were produced two years ago, like heaven and earth," they say on LiAZ "(http://www.autoreview.ru).
After restyling, the LiAZ-5256 bus underwent very noticeable external and internal changes. Outwardly, this is a completely European bus. Internally, the content is consistent with international standards. The aggregate base of the bus is from the world leaders in the production of components. The interior now also looks much more modern. Special anti-vandal seats, high-quality plastic in the design of interior elements, new lighting and a number of other improvements - such a bus will really decorate the streets of our cities.
LiAZ-5256 (suburban) 
Large class bus (11400x2500x3007 mm) is designed for operation on the routes of "near" and "distant" suburbs, equipped with soft adjustable / unregulated or standard city seats.
LiAZ-5256 "School" 
Specially for the order of the Moscow government, OJSC "Likinsky bus" made a modification of the bus for transporting children. Thanks to the quick start of the assembly line, this model is available for all regions of our country.
LiAZ-5256 "Disabled" 
Modification of the LiAZ-5256 bus for transporting people with disabilities of the musculoskeletal system. This car is the first large class bus that offers a solution to the problem of bus and passenger transportation for disabled people in our country.
LiAZ-5292 
The new low-floor bus (12000x2500x2800 mm) is designed for large cities with heavy passenger traffic. The appearance of the bus is in line with the trends of modern auto design. Low floor level (floor height above road level is 340 mm), wide passenger doors (3/1282 m) provide convenient boarding and disembarkation of passengers, which significantly reduces the time spent on the route.
LiAZ-6212 
The city bus of an especially large class (17640x2500x3007 mm) is based on LiAZ-5256. The bus is designed for urban transport in large metropolitan areas with heavy passenger traffic.
LiAZ-6213 
The first domestic low-floor articulated machine. LiAZ-6213 is a fundamentally new bus for large cities of Russia. The bus has an optimal price / quality ratio. The cost of LiAZ-6213 is 2.5 times lower than its western counterparts.
LiAZ-62xx
(experimental industrial sample) 
Development of the Likinsky Bus Plant - a 3-axle city bus (15 meters long). The bus can be used both on urban and suburban routes. The high quality of the aggregate base and the body resource of 12 years provide a total resource of 1 million km. According to the results of the MIMS-2004 exhibition, the LiAZ-62XX bus received the jury's prize in the "Best City Bus" nomination.
Photos used
In the Moscow region, there are many enterprises that manufacture products of various types. Not the least important place in the list of manufacturing complexes of the region is occupied by enterprises that produce vehicles, one of the largest and most famous among which is the Likinsky Bus Plant (LiAZ), located in the city of Likino-Dulyovo.
The history of the creation of the Likinsky bus plant dates back to 1937 - at that time a forestry complex for the improvement of wood began to operate in the village. Eight years later, the car company was renamed and began to specialize in the construction of machines and plants for the woodworking industry. In 1958, the current LiAZ, whose website can be found on the Internet, was reconstructed for the production of passenger buses; it was then that the company got its real name.
Throughout its existence, the Likinsky Bus Plant "LiAZ" has been continuously developing, increasing its capacity and expanding the range of products. The enterprise has repeatedly received high awards in major competitions.
The products of the Likinsky Bus Plant, the official website of which provides complete information about it, meets the highest environmental requirements, as well as the established safety and comfort standards. In recent years, the GAZ Group, which includes the enterprise, has carried out its total modernization and introduced new equipment.
"LiAZ": products
Likinsky Bus Plant exports vehicles to various cities of Russia, and is also a supplier of new generation equipment for the capital and St. Petersburg.
The LiAZ plant produces about twenty bus models, which are very popular in the passenger transportation market. It is the only Russian company that produces a full line of passenger buses 12 and 8 meters long, which run on all types of fuel.
The bus plant "LiAZ" in different years of its existence has also produced several prototypes of articulated buses and trolleybuses; in 2012, an electric bus rolled off the assembly line. At different times, the plant also produced mobile video salons, mobile computer centers and various modifications of trolley buses.
| Full title: | "Likinsky Bus Plant" |
| Other names: | LOZOD, LiMZ |
| Existence: | 1933 - today |
| Location: | (USSR), Russia, Likino-Dulyovo (Moscow region) |
| Key figures: | Kazakov Alexander Mikhailovich - Managing Director |
| Products: | Buses, trolleybuses |
| The lineup: |
Information on models is temporarily unavailable |
History of the LiAZ enterprise.
In August 1933, in the small town of Likino - Dulyovo, in the Moscow region, the Forestry Plant for the Improvement of Wood (LOZD) was launched. This event is considered the beginning of the history of the Likinsky Bus Plant (LiAZ).
Already in 1935, the plant produced: pressed wood and products from it, lignoston bars, insulating boards.
In 1945, the plant was reborn and, having received new modern equipment, changed its profile and was renamed, receiving the name "Likinsky Machine Building Plant" (LiMZ). He produced a wide range of products: mobile power plants, electric saws, railroad cars, sleepers. By 1946, the company employed more than 1,100 employees.
In 1958, a government decision was made to redesign the enterprise again. The plant was given the name "Likinsky Bus Plant" and since then its specialization has become the production of buses.
The assembly of passenger buses began in January 1959. The first released model from this manufacturer was LiAZ-158. In just ten years, the enterprise produced 50,000 units of this model. At the same time, the designers were developing new models.
In the late fifties, and in the sixties, housing construction developed in the Soviet Union with giant strides. New neighborhoods in cities grew like mushrooms after rain. The population in the cities grew rapidly. These circumstances led to the need to develop large-capacity city buses. This is how the famous LiAZ-667 model appeared, the development of which began in 1962. And in the spring of 1968, buses of this brand were put into mass production. For 25 years of production of this model, about two hundred thousand units saw the light.
Chronology of events of the second half of the 20th century.
In 1975, the production reached its design capacity of 10,000 buses per year, and the staff employed 7,837 people.
In 1976, the plant, in accordance with the decree of the Government of the USSR, was awarded the Order of the Red Banner of Labor.
The enterprise successfully continued its activity, and in 1978 the modernized "LiAZ - 667M" was presented.
In 1985, the enterprise carried out a lot of work on the reconstruction and modernization of the enterprise, which was aimed at mastering a new model of the LiAZ - 5256 bus, which was developed at the factory design bureau in the late 70s and early 80s.
In 1988 - the beginning of continuous production of the LiAZ 5256 model, which became the main one for the enterprise in the nineties.
In August 1994, the production of the famous all over the country buses "LiAZ-677" was discontinued.
In the mid-nineties, very difficult times came for the company, as a result of which production was completely stopped in 1996. The plant turned out to be a debtor to both its personnel for salaries and to the state (in the form of taxes). As a result, in 1997, the company was officially declared bankrupt and transferred to external management.
Nevertheless, in these difficult times, the company was able to retain its territory, buildings and equipment.
Some time later, after the reorganization, already under the guise of "Likinsky bus", the enterprise resumed its work.
2000 to 2004 it is part of the RusAvtoProm concern.
In 2005, it is already an integral part of the GAZ automotive group.
At this time, the designers of the plant are developing and launching into production such new models as low-floor buses "LiAZ-5293" and "LiAZ-5292", articulated city bus of increased capacity "LiAZ-6212", suburban "LiAZ-5256 R".
In addition, trolleybuses are produced on the basis of previously created buses: LiAZ-52802, LiAZ-5280, LiAZ-52803.
Today "Likinsky bus" is the largest modern enterprise in Russia, which owns advanced highly developed technologies for the creation of large city buses and ensures the production of products that fully comply with all applicable European standards.
In the 30s of the twentieth century, a plant was built in the town of Likino-Dulyovo, which produced wood-laminated plastics, from which aircraft were built, bearing liners, linings for metro rails, and many others were cut out. pr. At the end of the war, the plant was transformed into a machine-building plant for the repair of diesel engines, the manufacture of mobile power plants, locomotives. In 1958, the plant became a bus plant. The ZIL-158 model was produced, but already in 1962 the first LiAZ-677 appeared, which later became a legend in the automotive industry: about 200 thousand cars were assembled, this is the most massive model of a large class bus in the world.
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In the difficult 1990s, production stopped, people did not receive salaries, the press already reported that LiAZ was no longer there. Maintaining the main capacities and reviving the plant is a feat of the labor collective. Now LiAZ is again the flagship of the industry; along with 17 other enterprises in Russia and abroad, it is part of the GAZ Group, which is the country's largest manufacturer of commercial vehicles and has adopted a development strategy for the period up to 2012, the purpose of which is to provide consumers of complex solutions to transport problems. LiAZ employs 3,200 people, about 3,000 buses roll off the assembly line in a year, it is planned to increase output to 4,300 in the next four years. New models created at the plant, since 2002, are invariably awarded the highest awards of the Moscow International Auto Show.
LiAZ offers consumers all kinds of buses of a large and especially large class: city and suburban, tourist, single and articulated, gas, school, northern, disabled. Low-floor models 5292 and 6213 are in greatest demand. All bodies are chemically treated in eight huge baths, which gives a guarantee against corrosion for 12 years. Only three other companies in Europe have similar technology for buses. At the request of customers, domestic or imported engines of the Kamsky and Yaroslavl automobile plants, or imported Caterpillar, Cummins, MAN, different gearboxes, are installed, and in general the buyer has the right to choose any options, from the main units to the painting of the bus. Even requests for cars that the plant did not make before are being fulfilled - for example, a school bus in the northern version was designed and the batch was produced in less than two months! At the end of 2007, the production of trolleybuses was mastered. In 2008, a sample of a bus with a hybrid power unit (two engines - diesel and electric) was manufactured.
The funds allocated for social support of personnel and for further improvement of sanitary and living conditions are calculated in millions. Employees are awarded according to the results of labor competition, there are payments for anniversaries, for holidays, the company partially covers the costs of transporting employees from their place of residence to the plant and back. Summer vacations for Liaz residents were organized on the Black Sea coast, as well as their children in health camps. This is how the fundamental principle of the production system of the Likinsky Bus Plant is fulfilled: "People are the most valuable asset of the enterprise."
The Dalnoboyshchik blog continues a series of photo reports on the enterprises of the Russian Buses - GAZ Group division. We present to your attention a photo report from the Likinsky bus plant. Make yourself comfortable, there will be a lot of photos.
1. Our tour of the plant starts from the press-blanking shop.
2. Here longitudinal and transverse cutting of coiled steel takes place, as well as all the necessary blanks for cold stamping of parts of future buses.
3. Halbron Line.
4. In cold-stamping production, body facing panels are made, as well as parts and assemblies of body frame elements.
5. Section of laser cutting using the "Trumpf TL - 3030" complex.
6. Using a clever crane, the operator feeds the metal sheet into the working area of the machine.
7. We managed to look behind the protective screen and see how the laser beam at high speed burns through the correct profile of the future workpiece.
8. After a while, the machine unloads the finished parts.
9. But this is only the beginning of a long process.
10. A little later, with the help of the press, they will give the desired shape.
11. Finished parts await dispatch to the next stages of production.
12. Working process.
13. Manufacturing, coil - evaporator, air system. We will later see how the part looks on the finished bus.
14. Now let's proceed to the workshop of welding and body production. The photo shows the SCHLATTER roof assembly and welding line. Previously, the workers are picking up the elements of the future roof on the slipway.
15. SCHLATTER at work.
16. We follow the line of the conveyor and we. Step by step, the elements of the bus acquire more and more new parts.
17. Assembling the front panel of the bus. Welder at work.
18. Finally, the time comes when all the elements of the bus frame are assembled into a single whole on the conveyor. The front part is in the photo.
19. The so-called frame is the lower, load-bearing part of the bus body.
20. On the slipway, observing the strict geometry of the body, all parts are assembled into a single whole.
21. Operator.
22. Welding the body on the slipway. Now, if you wish, you can consider the silhouette of the future bus.
24. In order for the sides of the bus to be absolutely level, LiAZ uses a unique technology. Before welding, the metal sheet is heated to a temperature of 90 degrees Celsius. It increases in size and only then, it is pulled over the frame.
25. Final touches of bodywork.
26. Please note that the two parts of the articulated bus go to the cataphoresis treatment of the body.
27. There are no analogues of such a process for bodies of such dimensions in Russia, other CIS countries and neighboring countries.
28. A fragile girl is in charge of the process.
29. The bodies are alternately dipped into several huge baths.
30. At one time, the plant became the first enterprise in Russia to use full anti-corrosion treatment of bodies using the cataphoresis method. The essence of this method of electrolytic dyeing is that the product, placed in a cataphoresis bath, is exposed to an electric field. As a result, a special water-based paint is deposited on the entire product, not missing even hard-to-reach corners. The adhesion of the epoxy layer to the metal is extremely strong, and the resulting coating is resistant to the most aggressive weather conditions.
32. It was a revelation for me that the roof of the bus is one hundred percent covered with a plastic sheet.
33. LiAZ claims that this technology is an order of magnitude more practical and durable.
34. The enterprise constantly employs about one and a half thousand workers, with an average salary of 35 thousand rubles.
35. At the moment, in February 2012, 10 brand new buses leave the factory gates every shift.
36. But the largest amount of orders for LiAZ falls on the end of the year, because the main customers of the enterprise are budgetary organizations. At such moments, the output of buses from the assembly line increases dramatically. The company is recruiting temporary workers and raising wages.
37. Bodies are the plant's legitimate pride.
38. LiAZ guarantees that the bodies of its buses will last for at least 12 years before corrosion penetration.
41. Friendship.
42. The painted ones come out.
40. The final stage before sending the body painting.
41. Friendship.
42. The painted ones come out.
43. It's time for the window masters to get down to business.
40. The final stage before sending the body painting.
41. Friendship.
42. The painted ones come out.
43. It's time for the window masters to get down to business.
40. The final stage before sending the body painting.
41. Friendship.
42. The painted ones come out.
43. It's time for the window masters to get down to business.
44. Clamps.
45. To say that the work literally burns in the hands of the masters will not be enough - you have to see it with your own eyes.
46. The size of the enterprise is impressive. The conveyor branch floats on two floors at the same time.
47. It's time to go down to the final bus assembly line. Every 45 minutes, bridges are installed on the conveyor, every 90 an engine.
48. At the request of the customer, the machines are equipped with axles from ZF, Raba or domestic KAAZ.
49. In this case, as you can see in the photo, a drive axle of a German manufacturer - ZF is installed on the bus.
50. The choice of engine and gearbox also depends on the wishes of the customer. The range of units is wide, from domestic YaMZ and KAMAZ, to the best imported samples of MAN, Caterpillar, Cummins. Gearboxes Voith, ZF.
