OJSC "RUSSIAN RAILWAYS"
ABOUT COMMISSIONING THE ORDER OF CONDUCTING THE REDUCED TESTING OF BRAKES ON TRAINS
In order to ensure traffic safety requirements and establish a unified procedure for performing reduced testing of brakes on trains:
1. To approve and put into effect from November 10, 2011 the attached procedure for the abbreviated testing of automatic brakes on trains (hereinafter referred to as the Procedure).
2. To the Head of the Department of Carriage Facilities of the Central Directorate of Infrastructure, D.N. Losev, First Deputy Head of the Traction Directorate, S.P. Mishin, Head of the Central Directorate of Traffic Management, Ivanov P.A. fulfillment of the requirements of this Procedure.
3. Control over the implementation of this order shall be entrusted to the head of the department of carriage facilities of the Central Directorate of Infrastructure, D.N. Losev. and the first deputy head of the Traction Directorate S.P. Mishin.
Vice President of Russian Railways
A.V. Vorotilkin
ORDER
CONDUCTING REDUCED TESTING OF BRAKES ON TRAINS
1. General Provisions
1.1. Abbreviated testing of automatic brakes with checking the condition of the brake line by the action of the brakes of two tail carriages in trains should be performed:
- after the train locomotive was coupled to the train, if a full testing of the automatic brakes from compressor unit(station network) or locomotive;
- after a change of locomotive crews, when the locomotive is not disconnected from the train;
- after any disconnection of the sleeves in the train or between the train and the locomotive (except for the disconnection of the pushing locomotive included in the brake line), the connection of the sleeves due to the coupling of the rolling stock with checking the brake action on each wagon to be coupled, as well as after closing the end valve in the train;
- v passenger trains after the train has stopped for more than 20 minutes, when the pressure in the main tanks drops below 5.5 kgf / sq.cm, when the control cabin is changed or after the control is transferred to the driver of the second locomotive on the stretch after the train stops due to the impossibility of further control of the train movement from the head cabin ;
- v freight trains if, when the train was parked, spontaneous operation of the automatic brakes occurred or in the event of a density change by more than 20% from the VU-45 form indicated in the certificate;
- in freight trains after a train stop for more than 30 minutes, where there are car inspectors or workers trained in performing automatic brake testing operations, and who are assigned this responsibility.
1.2. Abbreviated testing of electro-pneumatic brakes should be carried out at change points of locomotives and locomotive crews according to the action of the brakes of two tail carriages and when coupling cars with checking the action of the brake on each coupled car, as well as after coupling a train locomotive to the train, if a full testing of electro-pneumatic brakes was performed at the station beforehand from a stationary device or locomotive.
1.3. Abbreviated testing of automatic brakes is carried out on trains that change the direction of movement to the opposite, if the locomotive does not change (telegraphic instruction of JSC "Russian Railways" dated 06.08.2009 N out-13323):
1.3.1. On passenger trains (except for two-group trains, as well as trains containing cars with Western European type brakes) - when the train is stopped for less than 40 minutes;
1.3.2. On freight trains (except for connected ones) - when the train is parked for less than 1 hour;
1.3.3. When carriages are coupled to such trains during parking, reduced testing of brakes is carried out with a check of the action of automatic brakes for each coupled car;
1.3.4. The abbreviated testing of the brakes established by this procedure is carried out with an integrity check and measurement of the density of the brake line of the train and the value of the pressure of the tail car.
1.4. Abbreviated testing of brakes is carried out by two inspectors of carriages, from the "head" and "tail" of the train, or one inspector from the "tail" of the train at stations where the inspector of wagons works as one person in accordance with clause 4.4.10 of the Typical technological process of work of the PTO (points of technical maintenance of TC 292 wagons). At stations where there are no employees of the carriage economy, persons who have permission to perform this type of work, persons appointed by the order of the head of the road, employees of the locomotive brigade are involved in the reduced testing of the brakes.
1.5. Responsible for the performance of the abbreviated testing of the brakes is assigned to the inspector of the tail group cars or an official who performs the testing of the brakes from the tail of the train.
1.6. The PTO operator ensures the interaction of the car inspectors during the work process and control over the observance of the brake testing technology.
1.7. In the case of reduced brake testing by one employee, the person responsible for performing the reduced brake testing follows the established sequence of operations and transmits commands by radio communication directly to the locomotive driver or through the station attendant.
1.8. On passenger trains, an abbreviated test is performed first of the electro-pneumatic brakes and then of the automatic brakes.
2. Carrying out reduced testing of brakes on freight trains after full testing from a stationary installation
2.1. The station attendant (DSP) informs the operator of the PTO about the approach of the locomotive under the train presented for departure.
2.2. The PTO operator instructs the inspectors of the wagons to arrive on the appropriate track (park, station) by radio communication and proceed with the shortened testing of the brakes on the train planned for departure:
- Inspectors of wagons under the train on ... the track (park, station) "..." a locomotive enters, the train is fenced, in the "head" "surname", in the "tail" "surname", proceed to abbreviated testing of the brakes.
2.3. Car inspectors confirm receipt of the instruction:
- The train on ... the tracks (park, station) "..." is fenced, proceed to a short test of the brakes. Inspector of the head group "surname".
- The train on ... the tracks (park, station) "..." is fenced, proceed to a short test of the brakes. Inspector of the tail group "surname".
and follow to the composition of the presented train.
2.4. The head group car inspector instructs the locomotive driver to engage the train, informs him about the presence of passenger cars, locomotives and wagons of the multi-unit rolling stock as part of the freight train, about the loading of the cars in the train (loaded, empty).
2.5. After hitching and combining the TM of the locomotive with the TM of the train, the driver and inspector of the head group check the correctness of the coupling of the automatic couplers, the connection of the brake hoses and the opening of the TM end cranes between the locomotive and the first car.
Responsibility for the correct coupling of automatic couplings, connection of hoses, opening of end valves between the locomotive and the first carriage rests with the driver.
The connection of the hoses and the opening of the end cranes are performed by the assistant locomotive driver. When servicing locomotives by one driver, a car inspector, after attaching the locomotive to the train and moving the driver to the working cabin, at the driver's command, must blow the TM of the locomotive through the end valve, connect the TM hoses between the locomotive and the first car, open the end cranes first at the locomotive, and then at the car.
2.6. After charging the TM of the train, the inspectors report to the operator of the PTO about their readiness to carry out a short testing of auto brakes:
- The train on ... tracks (park, station) "..." is ready for reduced brake testing. Inspector of the head group "surname".
- We proceed to abbreviated testing of train brakes on ... paths (park, station) "...", time .... Inspector of the tail group "surname".
2.7. The operator of the PTO (EAF), having made sure that the instructions are correctly perceived by the inspectors of the carriages, marks on the schedule of the work performed the time of the beginning of the shortened testing of the brakes in this train and reports:
- Right, do it, time .... Operator (DSP) "surname".
2.8. After charging the brake line in the train to the charging pressure, the driver informs the inspector of the head group that he is ready to check the TM integrity.
2.9. The head group inspector, being in the locomotive cabin, informs the tail group car inspector about the readiness to check the TM integrity:
- The composition of the train on ... the track is ready to check the integrity of the TM. Inspector of wagons "surname".
2.10. The inspector of the tail group cars notifies the inspector of the head group and the driver about the start of the inspection:
- Checking the integrity of the brake line. Inspector "surname".
and observing safety precautions, it makes (purging) the opening of the last end valve of the tail car for 8-10 seconds. By the intensive air outlet, it makes sure that the compressed air passes freely through the TM and closes the end valve.
2.11. The inspector of the carriages of the head group by the actuation of the locomotive's automatic brakes, determined by the lighting of the "TM" lamp of the signaling device N 418, makes sure that the TM is intact.
2.12. After at least 2 minutes, the driver stretches the speedometer tape, gives one short signal and makes the driver's crane conv. N 394 stage of braking by reducing the pressure in the surge tank by 0.5-0.6 kgf / cm 2 with the subsequent transfer of the operator's crane handle to the IV position.
2.13. The inspector of the tail carriages, having made sure that the brake cylinder rods come out and the brake pads are pressed against the rolling surface of the wheels in the actuation of the tail car brakes, via radio communication through the head group inspector sends the instruction to the locomotive driver "Release the automatic brakes":
- The brakes of the tail carriages are applied. Release the brakes. Inspector of the tail group "surname".
2.14. Having received an instruction from the inspector of the carriages of the head group to "release the brakes", the locomotive driver blows two short whistles and releases the automatic brakes in accordance with the established procedure.
2.15. The inspector of the tail group cars, having received a message from the inspector of the head group about the start of the release of the brakes, fixes the time of the start of the release of the brakes, makes sure that the brakes of the tail cars are released by the departure of the brake cylinder rods and the departure of the brake pads from the rolling surface of the wheels, fixes the maximum release time of the brakes of the tail cars and informs the inspector of the carriages of the head group:
- The brakes of the tail carriages are released. Release time of tail car automatic brakes ... seconds. Inspector of the tail group "surname".
2.16. The head group car inspector confirms the information received, records the tail car release time and informs the tail group car inspector about the start of the brake line pressure check.
Inspector "surname" to measure the pressure in the brake line.
2.17. The tail group inspector hangs a pressure gauge on the tail end sleeve of the tail car, measures the pressure in the brake line of the tail car and sends the information to the head group inspector to enter the parameter into the VU-45 form certificate:
- The pressure in the brake line in the tail car ... is ... kgf / cm2. Inspector of wagons "surname".
2.18. Inspector of the head group cars, having checked the compliance of the pressure in the tail of the train with the established norm and the number of the tail car reported by the inspector of the tail group with the specified in train documents, confirms the received information:
- The pressure in the tail carriage number ... is ... kgf / sq.cm and corresponds to the established norm, the number of the tail carriage corresponds to the number indicated in the train documents. Inspector of wagons "surname".
If the pressure in the TM of the tail car is less than that established by the instructions for brakes TsT-TsV-TsL-VNIIZhT / 277, the inspector of the tail group carriages takes measures to identify and eliminate the cause of the reduced pressure in the TM of the tail car.
2.19. After measuring the pressure in the brake line, the inspector of the tail group cars removes the pressure gauge, hangs up the sleeve and fixes the handle of the end valve in the closed position.
2.20. After fully charging the brake network of the train to the set pressure, the driver and inspector of the head group cars check the density of the brake network. For this, after the compressor is turned off by the regulator upon reaching the maximum pressure in the main tanks of the locomotive and the subsequent decrease in this pressure by 0.4-0.5 kgf / cm2, the time of its further decrease by 0.5 kgf / cm2 is measured in the train position handles of the crane operator.
The shortest allowable pressure drop time when checking the density of the braking network, depending on the series of locomotives, the length of the train and the volume of the main reservoirs, is indicated in table. 9.1. instructions for brakes TsT-TsV-TsL-VNIIZhT / 277.
2.21. After at least 2 minutes after checking the integrity of the TM and fully charging the brake network, the inspector of the carriages of the head group, in agreement with the driver, informs the inspector of the tail group cars about their readiness to check the brakes on the train and informs the inspector of the cars of the tail group:
- The train on ... the track is ready to test the brakes. Inspector of the carriages of the head group "surname".
2.22. The inspector of the tail-group cars by radio communication through the inspector of the cars of the head-group gives the command to the locomotive driver "Perform braking":
- The train is on ... the "Brake" track. Inspector of the tail group "surname".
2.23. The inspector of the carriages of the head group gives the driver the command "Perform braking", informs the inspector of the cars of the tail group about the start of braking:
- The train on ... the tracks have slowed down. The inspector of the carriages is "surname" and follows the train to check the action of the automatic brakes at the head cars.
2.24. The driver whistles the locomotive with one short signal and reduces the pressure in the surge tank by the value set for full testing (by 0.6-0.7 kgf / kgf / cm 2), then moves the driver's crane handle to position IV (overlapped with power supply) ...
If an abbreviated test of the brakes on trains is carried out after a complete test of the brake or locomotive test carried out from a stationary installation, the driver, 2 minutes after braking, must check the density of the train's brake network after the braking stage with the IV position of the driver's crane handle, which should not differ from the density at the II position the operator's crane handles by more than 10% downward.
2.25. The inspector of the tail group cars, after 2 minutes after braking, checks the action of the brakes on the release of the brake cylinder rods and pressing the pads to the rolling surface of the wheels of the two tail cars, and in a train of increased weight and length, five tail cars, if there are 8 axle cars in the tail of the train wagons at three tail wagons, measures the value of the rod exit brake cylinder of the tail car and by radio communication informs the inspector of the head group:
- The train is on ... the brakes worked. The output of the brake cylinder rod of the tail carriage number is ... mm. Release the brakes. Inspector of the tail group "surname".
2.26. The inspector of the carriages of the head group on the exit of the brake cylinder rods and pressing the brake pads to the rolling surface of the wheels makes sure that the brakes of the two head cars are activated and confirms the message:
- The train is on ... the brakes worked. The output of the brake cylinder rod of the tail carriage number is ... mm. Release the brakes and instructs the driver to Release the brakes.
2.27. At the command of the car inspector "Release the brakes", the driver whistles the locomotive two short beeps and releases the brakes by setting the driver's crane handle to position I until the pressure in the equalizing tank is 0.5 kgf / kgf / sq. Cm higher than the pre-brake charging pressure, followed by moving the handle into train position.
2.28. The inspector of the carriages of the head group via radio communication sends a message to the inspector of the tail group about the release of the brakes by the locomotive driver:
- A train on ... the "Taking a Vacation" track.
2.29. The inspector of the tail carriages for the departure of the brake cylinder rods and the departure of the shoes from the wheels checks the release of the tail car brakes and informs the head inspector:
- The train is on ... tracks, the brakes of the tail carriages are released. Inspector of the tail group "surname".
2.30. The head group car inspector confirms the message received:
- The train is on ... tracks, the brakes of the tail carriages are released. Inspector of the head group "surname".
Fills in the VU-45 certificate, enters into it the data obtained when testing the brakes. He hands over the completed certificate to the locomotive driver and reports to the inspector of the tail group cars about the completion of testing the train brakes:
- Train N ... on ... track (station park) "...", abbreviated testing of brakes is over, certificate VU-45 has been handed over to the driver "surname", time .... Inspector of the head group "surname".
2.31. The inspector of the tail group cars, having received the message, reports to the operator of the technical maintenance department (EAF) about the end of testing the brakes and the readiness of the train:
- Train N ... on ... track (station park) "...", shortened brake testing is over, time .... Responsible for carrying out the shortened brake testing is the inspector of the tail group "surname".
2.32. The operator of the PTO (ДСП) confirms the message of the person responsible for carrying out the reduced testing of the brakes:
- Train N ... on ... track (station park) "...", abbreviated testing is over, time .... PTO operator (DSP) "surname".
3. Conducting reduced testing of brakes in transit freight trains when changing locomotive crews without uncoupling the locomotive
3.1 The operator of the maintenance depot (EAF in the absence of a maintenance depot operator), instructs the inspectors of the carriages by radio communication (the inspector of the wagons when working in one person or the employee responsible for performing the shortened testing of the brakes) to proceed with the shortened testing of the brakes, which is planned for the departure of the transit train:
- Inspectors of cars "last name", Transit train N ... on ... the track is fenced, in the "head" "last name", in the "tail" "last name", proceed to abbreviated testing of the brakes.
3.2 Inspectors of wagons confirm receipt of the instruction:
- Train N ... on ... the track is fenced, the inspector of the head group "surname", I'm starting to test the brakes.
- Train N is on ... the track is fenced off, the inspector of the tail group "surname", time ...., I'm starting to test the brakes.
3.3 The operator of the PTO (DSP), having made sure of the correct perception of the instructions on the schedule of the work performed, marks the start time of the operation and reports:
- Right, do it. Operator (DSP) "surname".
3.4 The sequence and procedure for abbreviated testing of brakes in freight trains when changing locomotive crews, if the locomotive has not been uncoupled from the train, is carried out in accordance with paragraphs. 2.5 - 2.32., With the exception of clause 2.9. regarding the presence of the head group inspector in the locomotive cabin, clause 2.11. in terms of checking the integrity of TM by triggering the alarm N 418 and paragraph 2.20 in terms of measuring the density of TM.
In all cases, except for performing an abbreviated test of the brakes after the train locomotive was coupled to the train, if a complete testing of the auto brakes from a compressor unit (station network) or a locomotive was previously performed at the station at the station, the presence of a car inspector in the locomotive cabin is not required. The TM tightness check is performed by the locomotive driver in the order established by the brake instructions.
4. Carrying out reduced testing of brakes on passenger trains
4.1 The operator of the PTO (DSP) transmits by radio communication an instruction to the inspectors of the wagons to proceed with the abbreviated testing of the brakes of the passenger train planned for departure:
- Inspectors of carriages "surname" in the "head", "surname" in the "tail" of the train N ... on ... the track is fenced off, proceed to abbreviated testing of the brakes.
The wagon inspector confirms receipt of the instruction:
- Train N ... on ... the track is fenced, the inspector of the carriages of the head group "surname", I'm starting to test the brakes.
- Train N ... on ... the track is fenced off, the inspector of the tail group cars "surname", time ..., I'm starting to test the brakes.
4.2 The operator of the PTO (EAF), having made sure that the instructions are perceived correctly, on the schedule of the work performed, notes the time of the start of testing the brakes and reports:
- Right, do it, time .... Operator (DSP) "surname".
4.3. After charging the brake line in the train to the charging pressure, the driver informs the inspector of the head group that he is ready to check the TM integrity.
4.4. The inspector of the head group (being in the cabin of the locomotive in the case of a reduced testing of the brakes after full testing from a stationary installation or a locomotive), informs the inspector of the cars of the tail group about the readiness to check the integrity of the TM:
- Train N ... on ... track, ready to check the integrity of the brake line. Inspector of wagons "surname".
In all cases, except for performing an abbreviated brake test after full testing from a stationary installation or a locomotive, the presence of a car inspector in the locomotive cabin is not required. The TM tightness check is performed by the locomotive driver in the order established by the brake instructions.
4.5. The inspector of the tail group cars notifies the inspector of the head group and the driver about the start of the inspection: - I check the integrity of the brake line. Inspector "surname". Observing safety precautions, it opens (purging) the last end valve of the tail car, and after the emergency braking accelerators of the car air distributors are activated, closes the end valve.
4.6. When the locomotive's autobrakes are triggered, determined by the filling of the locomotive's brake cylinders, the driver pulls the speedometer tape, gives one short signal and makes the driver's crane conv. N 395 braking stage by reducing the pressure in the surge tank by 0.5-0.6 kgf / kgf / sq. Cm. After the end of the air release from the line through the driver's crane, the driver gives two short signals, according to the established procedure, he releases the auto brakes and charges the brake network of the train, informing the inspector of the cars of the head group about the results of the check.
4.7. The inspector of the tail carriages, having made sure of the release of the brake cylinder rods and the pressing of the brake pads to the rolling surface of the wheels of the tail cars, informs the inspector of the head group:
- Train N ... on ... the track of the tail carriages brakes worked. Inspector "surname".
4.8. As the brake cylinder rods leave and the brake pads leave the rolling surface of the wheels, the inspector of the tail carriages makes sure that the brakes of the tail carriages are released and informs the inspector of the carriages of the head group:
- Train N ... is on ... track, the brakes of the tail carriages have been released, the check of the integrity of the brake line is over. Inspector of wagons "surname".
4.9. Before checking the integrity of the brake line, the inspector of the tail group cars informs the inspector of the cars of the head group the number of the tail car for entering information into the certificate f. VU-45.
4.10. On a train with more than a third of the wagons with Western European type brakes, the integrity of the brake line should be checked as follows:
after the car inspector informs about the start of the check and the opening of the tail car end valve, the driver moves the driver's crane handle to position III. After the locomotive's automatic brakes are triggered, the pressure in the brake line and the equalizing tank is reduced, the operator's crane handle is moved to position IV;
the driver stretches the speedometer tape, releases the automatic brakes and charges the train's brake network and reports the results of the check to the inspector of the head group cars.
4.11. After fully charging the train's brake network to the set pressure, the density of the train's brake network is checked. The driver closes the combined crane or a double-draft crane and, after 20 seconds after shutting off the crane, measures (together with the inspector of the cars of the head group in cases of his being in the locomotive's cabin, when the reduced brake testing is performed after the locomotive was coupled and the full brake testing was carried out from a stationary installation or locomotive ) pressure drop in the brake line. A decrease in pressure is allowed by no more than 0.2 kgf / cm 2 for 1 minute or 0.5 kgf / cm 2 for 2.5 minutes.
4.12. In the case of coupling carriages to a train, the density of the train's braking network is checked in the manner described in clause 4.11.
4.13. After checking the density of the train's braking network, the inspector of the head group cars, in agreement with the driver, informs the inspector of the tail group cars about the readiness to check the operation of the electro-pneumatic brakes on the train:
- The train on ... the track is ready to test the operation of the electro-pneumatic brakes. Inspector of wagons "surname".
4.14. The inspector of the tail group cars by radio communication through the inspector of the carriages of the head group gives the command to the locomotive driver "Brake the EPT": - Train N ... on ... the track "Brake EPT". Inspector of the tail group "surname".
4.15. The inspector of the carriages of the head group gives the driver the command "Braking the EPT" and informs the inspector of the cars of the tail group about the start of braking:
- The train on ... the EPT track was slowed down. The inspector is "surname" and follows the train to check the action of the automatic brakes at the head cars.
4.16. The driver whistles the locomotive gives one short signal, switches the crane handles of the driver conv. N 395 to position VЭ until the pressure in the brake cylinders of the locomotive is 1.0-1.5 kgf / cm 2, and then transfers it to position IV.
4.17. The inspector of the tail group cars checks the action of the electro-pneumatic brakes on the two tail cars and on all the coupled cars and, after making sure that the brake cylinder rods come out and the brake pads are pressed to the rolling surface of the wheels in their normal operation, informs the inspector of the head group about the brakes and gives the command to leave brakes:
- Train N ... on ... EPT tracks worked. Train driver N ... release EPT. Inspector "surname".
4.18. The inspector of the carriages of the head group, having made sure that the EPT is triggered for 2 lead cars, duplicates the command "Release the EPT" to the driver.
4.19. At the signal of the head group inspector "Release the brakes", the driver gives a two short signal with the locomotive whistle, turns off the toggle switch of the power supply circuit of the electro-pneumatic brakes, leaving the driver's crane handle in the overlapped position. After 15 seconds, when the brakes are released on the train, it turns on the toggle switch of the power supply circuit of the electro-pneumatic brakes.
4.20. The inspector of the cars of the head group informs the inspector of the tail group about the implementation of the release of the EPT:
- Train N ... on ... paths leave EPT. Inspector "surname".
4.21. The inspector of the tail group cars checks the release of the brakes of two tail cars or all attached cars and, making sure that the brakes of the checked cars are released, transfers the result of the check to the inspector of the cars of the head group:
- Train N ... on ... the tracks of the EPT of the tail (attached) cars were released. Inspector of wagons "surname".
4.22. The inspector of the head group, having made sure of the release of the EPT at 2 head cars, informs the driver about the end of the shortened testing of the EPT.
4.23. The driver moves the driver's crane handle to position II, charges the train's brake network and turns off the power supply for the electro-pneumatic brakes.
4.24. After charging the brake line of the train to the charging pressure, the driver informs the inspector of the head group about his readiness to start a short test of the automatic brakes.
4.25. The head group inspector informs the tail group inspector about the readiness to check the action of the automatic brakes:
- Train N ... is on ... the track is ready to test the operation of the automatic brakes. Inspector "surname".
4.26. The inspector of the tail group cars, through the inspector of the cars of the head group, gives the command to the locomotive driver "Check the operation of the automatic brakes":
- Train N ... on ... the "Brake" track. Inspector "surname".
4.27. The inspector of the carriages of the head group transmits to the driver the command "Apply braking".
4.28. The driver whistles the locomotive gives one short signal, reduces the pressure in the equalizing tank at one time by 0.5-0.6 kgf / cm 2 and moves the driver's crane handle to the power supply shut-off position. With such a decrease in pressure, the automatic brakes in the train come into effect and do not spontaneously release until they are released by the driver's crane.
4.29. The inspector of the cars of the head group informs the inspector of the cars of the tail group about the start of braking:
- Train N ... on ... the tracks have slowed down. Inspector "surname".
4.30. The inspector of the tail group cars, not earlier than 2 minutes after the braking performed, checks the action of the automatic brakes on the two tail cars and on all the attached cars and, making sure that the brake cylinder rods come out and the brake pads are pressed against the rolling surface of the wheels in their normal operation, informs the inspector of the head group about the operation of the automatic brakes and gives the command to release the brakes:
- Train N ... on ... the autobrakes worked. The driver of train N ... release the brakes. Inspector "surname".
4.31. The inspector of the carriages of the head group, no earlier than 2 minutes after the braking was performed, makes sure that the brakes of 2 head cars are activated and gives the command to the locomotive driver to release the automatic brakes.
4.32. The driver whistles the locomotive gives a signal two short ones and moves the driver's crane handle to the II position.
4.33. The inspector of the tail group carriages checks the release of the brakes of two tail carriages or of all the coupled cars on the departure of the brake cylinder rod and the departure of the brake pads from the wheels reports:
- Train N ... on ... the brakes have been released. The brake test is now complete. Inspector of wagons "surname".
4.34. All revealed malfunctions of the braking equipment on the cars must be eliminated and the action of the brakes on these cars must be checked again.
4.35. The inspector of the carriages of the head group enters the data into the certificate of the VU-45 form and informs the inspector of the cars of the tail group responsible for testing the brakes about the time of delivery of the certificate VU-45 to the driver and the end of the shortened testing of the train brakes.
4.36. The inspector of the tail group cars reports to the operator of the PTO (EAF) on the completed reduced testing of the brakes on the train:
- Train N ... on ... track, shortened testing is over, time is .... Responsible for carrying out the shortened testing of brakes is an inspector of the tail group carriages "surname".
4.37. The operator of the PTO (ДСП) confirms the message of the person responsible for carrying out the reduced testing of the brakes:
- Train N ... on ... track, abbreviated testing is over, time .... PTO operator (DSP) "surname".
What signs and inscriptions are applied to the rolling stock?
Technical sign of Russian Railways, the initials of the railway (except for cars), number (for passenger cars - code), a plate of the manufacturer indicating the date and place of construction, the date and place of production of the established types of repair, tare weight (except for locomotives and special self-propelled mobile composition). On passenger cars, MVS and special. on self-propelled rolling stock the number of seats, on freight wagons - carrying capacity. On locomotives, MVS and special. PS - design speed, series, name of the depot, plates and inscriptions on the survey of tanks, control devices, boiler.
When is the full test of the automatic brakes carried out?
Software for checking the condition of the brake line and the action of the brakes for all cars is performed:
At formation stations before train departure;
After changing the locomotive;
At stations preceding long-run runs, where the train stops are provided for by the schedule;
Before long descents 0.018 and steeper with a ten-minute delay in a braked state (the list of stations is set by the "H" of the road).
* EPT at the stations of formation and turnover from stationary installations.
4. ● ● ● "Stop!"
TICKET number 2
1. What are the main responsibilities of employees railway transport?
Meeting the needs in the transportation of passengers, cargo, baggage and cargo luggage, efficient use of technical means, compliance with the requirements of environmental protection.
2. What kind of certification are wheelsets subject to?
Complete and ordinary.
3. When is an abbreviated brake test performed?
CRM with checking the condition of the TM by the action of the brakes at two tail cars:
After attaching the locomotive to the train, if the brake software was previously produced at the station from a stationary device or locomotive;
After changing the locomotive cabin;
After changing the locomotive crew, when the locomotive is not disconnected from the train;
After any disconnection of the brake hoses in the train;
Overlapping the end valve in the train;
After connecting the sleeves, due to the coupling of the rolling stock (in the latter case, with checking the action of the brakes on each coupled car);
After the train has stopped for more than 20 minutes;
When the pressure in the storage tank drops below 5.5 kgf / cm2;
After the transfer of control to the driver of the second locomotive on the stretch after stopping the train due to the impossibility of further control of the train movement from the head cabin.
* EPT at locomotive and brigade change points, after wagons have been coupled with checking the brake operation on each wagon, as well as after the train locomotive has been coupled to the train, if the EPT has been fully tested from a stationary device or locomotive beforehand at the station.
4. ▬ "take the train"
TICKET number 3
1. Regulations for hiring jobs related to train traffic?
Persons entering the railway. transport for work related to the movement of trains must go through prof. training, withstand the tests and subsequently periodically checked in the knowledge of the Rules and Instructions, the main provisions of the railway. transport. The list of positions and professions for which employees are subject to testing is established by the Ministry of Railways of the Russian Federation. Subject to preliminary and periodic honey. inspections in the prescribed manner.
2. The distance between the inner edges of the wheels?
1440 mm. Deviations in the direction of increase of no more than 3 mm, in the direction of decrease of no more than 1 mm are allowed for those traveling on trains with a speed of over 120 km / h up to 140 km / h. At speeds up to 120 km / h, deviations are allowed ± 3 mm.
3. Who is involved in the reduced testing of the brakes on the hauls and at whose direction?
LNP and conductors of the tail and head carriages as instructed by the driver, transmitted by communication.
4. ▬ ▬ ▬ "Brake"
TICKET number 4
1. How is the correctness of the placement of loads within the specified dimensions checked?
To check the correct placement of goods within the size limits, clearance gates are installed in places of mass loading.
2. What is allowed for rolling in a circle of wheels?
* At speeds over 120 km / h up to 140 km / h - no more than 5 mm, ridge thickness 28-33 mm with ridge height 28 mm when measured at a distance of 18 mm from the ridge top;
* At speeds up to 120 km / h on long-distance trains no more than 7 mm, local and suburban traffic no more than 8 mm, ridge thickness 25-33 mm with ridge height 28 mm when measured at a distance of 18 mm from the top of the ridge.
The vertical undercut of the ridge with a height of more than 18 mm is measured by spec. template.
3. What is the equipment for passenger trains?
Radio stations for communication with the locomotive driver, fire-fighting equipment, first aid equipment.
4. ▬ ▬ "Release the brakes"
TICKET number 5
1. How should the loads be stacked and secured so that the dimensions of the approach to buildings are not violated?
The goods unloaded or prepared for loading near the track must be stowed and secured so that the dimension C NS was not violated.
2. What sliders are allowed on the rolling surface of the wheels?
No more than 1 mm.
* If found along the route with roll. with axle boxes, a slider with a depth of more than 1 mm, but not more than 2 mm, it is allowed to bring such a car without uncoupling from the train at a speed of not more than 100 km / h to the nearest service station that has means for replacing wheel sets;
* With a slider from 2 mm to 6 mm, the train is allowed to follow to the nearest service station at a speed of 15 km / h;
* With a slider from 6 mm to 12 mm - at a speed of 10 km / h;
* Over 12 mm - at a speed of 10 km / h, provided that the wheelset is suspended or the possibility of rotation is excluded, while the shopping center of the car of the damaged wheelset must be turned off, the locomotive must be uncoupled.
3. What signals should be used to stop a train arriving at the station?
It must be stopped between the input signal and the limit column of the receiving path, and where there is no output signal, between the limit columns.
If the tail of the train is left behind. by a column, the signalman or the switch post duty officer is obliged to immediately report this to the station duty officer, who takes measures to install the train within the useful length of the receiving path.
4. ▬ ▬ ▬ ● "arrival of the train at the station in incomplete composition"
TICKET number 6
1. In accordance with which laws the Rules are developed technical exploitation?
Developed in accordance with federal laws: “On the federal railway. transport "from 25.08.95, No. 153-FZ," Transport regulations of the railway. RF "dated 08.01.98, No. 2-FZ, other federal laws and other regulatory legal acts of the Russian Federation.
2. What should be the height of the coupler axle above the level of the top of the rail head?
Not more than 1080 mm when empty and not less than 980 mm when loaded.
3. In what cases is the fencing of a train stopped on a stretch?
When requesting a recovery or fire train, as well as auxiliary locomotive- immediately after the call.
If the train is stopped when all signaling and communication means are interrupted - immediately after the train stops.
TICKET number 7
1. Is the track width between the inner edges of the rail heads on straight track sections and on curves with a radius of 350 m and more?
Track gauge on more curved sections should be:
with a radius from 349 to 300 m - 1530 mm, incl. on railroad sleepers - 1520 mm;
with a radius of 299 m and less - 1535 mm.
On railway sections lines and tracks, where the complex replacement of the rail and sleepers was not carried out, is allowed on straight and curved track sections with a radius of more than 650 m nom. The gauge is 1524 mm, on steeper curves the gauge is taken:
with a radius from 650 to 450 m - 1530 mm;
with a radius from 449 to 350 m - 1535 mm;
with a radius of 349 and less - 1540 mm.
The values of deviations from nom. Track gauge sizes that do not require elimination on straight and curved sections of the track should not exceed 4 mm in narrowing, + 8 mm in widening, and in sections where the speed of movement is set at 50 km / h or less in narrowing - 4 mm, and widening + 10 mm.
Track gauge less than 1512 and more than 1548 mm is not allowed.
2. What is the allowed difference in height between the longitudinal axes of automatic couplers?
At speeds up to 120 km / h - 70 mm between cars;
At a speed of 120-140 km / h - 50 mm between cars;
Between the locomotive and the first car of the passenger train - 100 mm.
The automatic coupler of passenger cars must have a vertical displacement limiter.
3. What does the conductor do when the train is forced to stop on the stretch?
The conductor of the last passenger car is obliged to check the visibility of the tail signals. Carefully observe the haul and, in the event of the appearance of a following train, take measures to stop it.
TICKET number 8
1. What trains should be in constant readiness and what do they serve?
Recovery trains - to restore normal movement and eliminate the consequences of collisions, derailments of rolling stock.
Special railcars, railcars, cars - to restore the track and power supply devices.
Carriages of repair and recovery communication lines.
Emergency field teams.
Fire trains and fire brigades - to prevent and extinguish fires.
2.What kind of malfunctions is it not allowed to include passenger carriages on trains?
Having faults in the EPT, heating, electrical equipment, ventilation and other faults that violate the normal conditions for the carriage of passengers, as well as carriages with radio coupe (headquarters) with faulty radio communication between the train chief and the driver.
3. What are the passenger coaches intended for and what other coaches, besides the passenger ones, are intended for the carriage of passengers?
Postal, carriages - restaurants, service and technical, clubs, testing, measuring laboratories and other special carriages of the passenger type.
4. ● ● ● ● ● ● ● ● ● "Air raid"
TICKET number 9
1. What are signals for?
To ensure safe movement, as well as for the accurate organization of train traffic and shunting work.
2. What is the basis for the organization of train traffic?
The train schedule, which unites the activities of all departments and expresses the plan of the operational work of the railways. The State Traffic Police is an urgent law for railway workers. transport, the implementation of which is one of the most important quality indicators of the work of railways. The GDS is approved by the Ministry of Railways or his first deputy. Compliance with traffic regulations and prevention of its violations should be the main thing for all employees associated with the organization of train traffic. Violation of the traffic flow is not allowed.
3. What is the loading gauge?
The limiting transverse (perpendicular to the axis of the track) outline, in which the cargo should be placed without going outside (taking into account packaging and fastening on an open rolling stock when it is on a straight horizontal track).
4. ▬ ● ▬ ● ▬ ● "Radiation hazard" or "Chemical alarm"
TICKET number 10
1. What are the main signal colors in signaling related to train movement and shunting work?
Green - allowing movement at a set speed;
Yellow - allowing movement and requiring a decrease in speed;
Red - requiring an immediate stop.
At shunting work:
Lunar white - allowing maneuvers.
Blue - prohibiting maneuvers.
2. What numbers are assigned to trains in the direction?
Each train is assigned a number set by the schedule. Trains of one direction are assigned even numbers, and trains of the opposite direction are assigned odd numbers.
3. What is the gauge of the rolling stock?
The limiting transverse (perpendicular to the axis of the track) outline, in which both loaded and empty rolling stock, installed on a straight horizontal track, should be placed without going outside.
4. Sound signal of vigilance: one short and one long ● ▬
TICKET number 11
1. At what distance are traffic signal lights installed on straight sections of the track so that they are clearly distinguishable from the locomotive cabin?
a) extraordinary: recovery, firefighters, snowplows, locomotives without wagons, special. self-propelled rolling stock, assigned to restore normal traffic and to extinguish fires.
b) regular in order of priority: pass. express, pass. fast, passenger of all other names, post and baggage, military, cargo and passenger, human and fast freight trains, freight trains (through, sectional combined, export, transfer), utility trains and locomotives without wagons.
c) trains assigned according to special requirements, the sequence of which is established upon appointment.
3. What is the building approximation dimension?
The limiting transverse (perpendicular to the axis of the track) outline, inside which no parts of structures and devices should go.
4. Alert beep: one long ▬
TICKET number 12
1. At what distance are traffic signal lights installed on curved sections of the track so that they can be seen from the cabin of the locomotive?
Not less than 400 m.
2. What is the standard time for the movement of trains?
24 hours, Moscow time.
3. By what types of communication are passenger trains divided?
Distant - following at a distance of over 700 km.
Local - up to 700 km.
Suburban - up to 150 km.
4. ● ● ● "Stop!"
TICKET number 13
1. In rough terrain, at what distance are traffic lights installed?
At a distance of less than 400 m, but not less than 200 m.
2. What are the station boundaries?
On single-track sections - entrance traffic lights.
On double-track sections, the main track is on one side of the entrance traffic light, and on the other side there is a signal sign "station border", installed at a distance of at least 50 m after the last exit turnout.
3. What passenger train is considered extra long?
Passenger train with 20 or more carriages.
4. ▬ "Take a train"
TICKET number 14
1. List all types of communication?
Dispatch rooms, train inter-station, non-station, turnout communications, power dispatch rooms, ferry communications, mainline, road, road administrative, ticket-dispatching, carriage-dispatching, shunting, information and computing, telephone, telegraph communications.
2. What is the main means of transmitting instructions during shunting work?
Radio communication, two-way park communication. Signaling during shunting operations is permitted by hand signaling devices.
3. What passenger train is considered a high-speed train?
Passenger train operating at speeds in the intervals of 141-160 km / h and 161-200 km / h.
4. ▬ ▬ ▬ "Brake"
TICKET number 15
1. What is train radio communication used for?
Double-sided with drivers, chipboard, train dispatcher, with a crossing officer, LPP.
2. How fast are the maneuvers carried out?
60 km / h - when following free tracks of single locomotives and locomotives with wagons hitched to the back with included and tested automatic brakes.
40 km / h - when a locomotive is moving with wagons hitched at the back, as well as when following a single special. self-propelled train on free tracks.
25 km / h - when moving cars forward on free tracks, as well as recovery and fire trains.
15 km / h - when driving with wagons occupied by people, as well as oversized cargo of lateral and lower oversized dimensions of the 4th, 5th and 6th degrees.
5 km / h - during jerking maneuvers, when a carriage cut approaches another cut in a subhill park.
3 km / h - when a locomotive approaches (with or without wagons) to the wagons.
3. What does the concept of "stopping distance" mean?
The distance traveled by the train during the time from the moment the handle of the driver's crane or the emergency braking valve is moved to the braking position to a complete stop.
4. ▬ ▬ "Release the brakes"
TICKET number 16
1. Height of the overhead wire suspension above the level of the top of the rail head on railway tracks and at stations?
On tracks and stations not lower than 5750 mm and not higher than 6800 mm.
At a crossing of at least 6000 mm with a resolution of the Ministry of Railways, it can be reduced to 5675 mm when electrifying the line on alternating current and up to 5550 mm on direct current.
2. What wagons are prohibited to be put on passenger and postal-baggage trains?
Cars with dangerous goods, wagons with an expired period of periodic repairs or with an expired period of a unified technical revision.
3. What does the Alarm Instructions set?
A system of visible and audible signals for the transmission of orders and instructions related to the movement of trains and shunting work, as well as the types of signaling devices with which these signals are given.
4. ▬ ▬ ▬ ● "Arrival of the train at the station not in full force"
TICKET number 17
1. What is the distance from the current-carrying elements of the pantograph and live parts of the contact network to the grounded parts of structures and rolling stock?
Not less than 200 mm on lines electrified with direct current, and not less than 350 mm - on alternating current.
2. What freight cars is it allowed to be put on passenger trains?
With the permission of the Ministry of Railways, when a train travels within two or more railways or the head of the road - within one road, it is allowed to include freight cars:
Four-axle covered;
Tanks for the transportation of milk;
Autonomous refrigerated for the transportation of live fish.
At the same time, no more than one freight car or a two-section section for the transportation of live fish may be coupled to a long-distance passenger train. There are no more than three carriages for a local and suburban train.
3. What are the signals for and how are they subdivided?
Ensuring traffic safety, organizing train traffic and shunting work. Visible (day, night) and sound (whistles, hand whistles, horns, sirens, beeps, firecrackers).
4. ▬ ▬ ▬ ● ● "Calling the assistant driver, chief conductor, foreman mechanic, work manager of the economic train to the locomotive"
TICKET number 18
1. What is the distance from the axis of the extreme track to the inner edge of the contact network supports on railway tracks and stations?
On tracks and stations, there must be at least 3100 mm. In grooves with especially heavy snow, the distance from the axis of the outer path to the inner edge of the contact network supports must be at least 5700 mm.
On newly electrified lines, the distance from the track axis and to the inner edge of the supports is allowed at least 2450 mm at stations and 2750 at railway tracks.
2. What freight wagons are allowed to be put on post and baggage trains?
Specialized cars: thermoses, refrigerated five-car sections, covered four-axle for light cargo and all-metal wagons no more than 6 cars.
3. How are visible signals subdivided?
Day, night, round the clock.
4. ▬ ● ● ● ▬ ● ● ● ▬ ● ● ● "General alarm"
TICKET number 19
1. General requirements for rolling stock?
PS, including special self-propelled rolling stock must timely undergo scheduled preventive repairs, maintenance and be kept in good working order to ensure it smooth operation, DB and TB. Preventing the occurrence of malfunctions and ensuring the established service life of the rolling stock should be the main thing in the work of the persons responsible for its maintenance and repair.
2. What height and at what distance from the axis of the track are passenger platforms with mixed movement of passenger trains installed?
1100 mm from the top of the railheads for high platforms;
200 mm from the level of the rail head for low platforms;
1920 mm from track centerline for high platforms;
1745 mm from track centerline for low platforms.
Changes in height are allowed up to 20 mm in the direction of increasing and up to 50 mm in the direction of decreasing. Along the distance from the axis of the track up to 30 mm in the direction of increasing and up to 25 mm in the direction of decreasing.
3. What are the sound signals?
Locomotive whistles, hand whistles, horns, sirens, horns, firecrackers.
The explosion of the firecracker requires an immediate stop.
4. ▬ ● ● ▬ ● ● ▬ ● ● "Fire alarm"
TICKET number 20
1. What are the passenger stations and stopping points equipped with?
Substations are equipped automatic system seat reservations and ticket sales, a system of ticket printing machines and vending machines, self-service lockers, automatic train departure indicators, reference installations.
2. What wagons are not allowed to be put on freight-passenger trains?
Wagons with dangerous goods;
Empty tanks from liquefied gases.
In exceptional cases, on low-traffic sections, where no other trains, except for passenger-and-freight trains, can be used, carriages with dangerous goods (except for cars with dangerous goods of class 1, explosive materials) may be loaded with the permission of the head of the road.
3. How are traffic lights subdivided?
Entrance, weekend, route, checkpoint, cover, barrage, warning, repetitive, locomotive, shunting, hump.
4. ▬ ● ▬ ● ▬ ● "Radiation hazard" or "Chemical hazard"
TICKET number 21
1. How is the rolling stock installed on the station tracks?
Substation on station tracks is installed within the boundaries indicated by limit columns. Trains standing on station tracks without a locomotive must be secured against leaving with brake shoes, station devices for securing wagons, hand brakes or other securing devices installed by the Ministry of Railways.
The procedure for securing wagons and trains is established by the Instruction on the movement of trains and shunting work on the railway. RF and is indicated in the technical and administrative act of the station, taking into account local conditions.
2. The order of actions of employees in case of a forced stop of a train on the stretch?
The driver is obliged to stop the train on a straight section of the track, unless an emergency stop is required. Activate the automatic brakes and auxiliary brake, inform the drivers of locomotives on the haul, DSP, train dispatcher, train manager by radio. Find out the reason. If the movement of the train is not resumed within 20 minutes or more, activate the hand brakes of the locomotive and give a signal to the conductors of the carriages to activate hand brakes... Take measures to remove obstacles to traffic. Provide railings for the train and adjacent track if necessary. In one person, operations for securing and fencing the train are carried out by LNP and conductors. The conductor of the last carriage is obliged to check the visibility of train signals and observe the haul, take measures to stop the following train.
3. What are the main signals given by traffic lights?
One green - movement at the set speed is allowed;
One yellow blinking - movement at the set speed is allowed, the next traffic light is open and requires following it at a reduced speed;
One yellow - traffic is allowed to stop readily, the next traffic light is closed;
Two yellow lights, upper flashing - it is allowed to follow the traffic light at a reduced speed, the next traffic light is open, the train follows with a deviation along the turnout;
Two yellow lights - it is allowed to pass the traffic light with a reduced speed and readiness to stop at the next traffic light, the train follows with a deviation along the turnout;
One red - “Stop! It is prohibited to drive through the signal. "
4. ● ● ● ● ● ● ● ● ● ● "Air raid"
What signs and inscriptions are applied to the rolling stock?
Technical sign of Russian Railways, the initials of the railway (except for cars), number (for passenger cars - code), a plate of the manufacturer indicating the date and place of construction, the date and place of production of the established types of repair, tare weight (except for locomotives and special self-propelled mobile composition). On passenger cars, MVS and special. on self-propelled rolling stock the number of seats, on freight wagons - carrying capacity. On locomotives, MVS and special. PS - design speed, series, name of the depot, plates and inscriptions on the survey of tanks, control devices, boiler.
When is the full test of the automatic brakes carried out?
Software for checking the condition of the brake line and the action of the brakes for all cars is performed:
At formation stations before train departure;
After changing the locomotive;
At stations preceding long-run runs, where the train stops are provided for by the schedule;
Before long descents 0.018 and steeper with a ten-minute delay in a braked state (the list of stations is set by the "H" of the road).
* EPT at the stations of formation and turnover from stationary installations.
4. ● ● ● "Stop!"
TICKET number 2
1. What are the main responsibilities of railway workers?
Meeting the needs in the transportation of passengers, cargo, baggage and cargo luggage, efficient use of technical means, compliance with the requirements of environmental protection.
2. What kind of certification are wheelsets subject to?
Complete and ordinary.
3. When is an abbreviated brake test performed?
CRM with checking the condition of the TM by the action of the brakes at two tail cars:
After attaching the locomotive to the train, if the brake software was previously produced at the station from a stationary device or locomotive;
After changing the locomotive cabin;
After changing the locomotive crew, when the locomotive is not disconnected from the train;
After any disconnection of the brake hoses in the train;
Overlapping the end valve in the train;
After connecting the sleeves, due to the coupling of the rolling stock (in the latter case, with checking the action of the brakes on each coupled car);
After the train has stopped for more than 20 minutes;
When the pressure in the storage tank drops below 5.5 kgf / cm2;
After the transfer of control to the driver of the second locomotive on the stretch after stopping the train due to the impossibility of further control of the train movement from the head cabin.
* EPT at locomotive and brigade change points, after wagons have been coupled with checking the brake operation on each wagon, as well as after the train locomotive has been coupled to the train, if the EPT has been fully tested from a stationary device or locomotive beforehand at the station.
4. ▬ "take the train"
TICKET number 3
1. Regulations for hiring jobs related to train traffic?
Persons entering the railway. transport for work related to the movement of trains must go through prof. training, withstand the tests and subsequently periodically checked in the knowledge of the Rules and Instructions, the main provisions of the railway. transport. The list of positions and professions for which employees are subject to testing is established by the Ministry of Railways of the Russian Federation. Subject to preliminary and periodic honey. inspections in the prescribed manner.
2. The distance between the inner edges of the wheels?
1440 mm. Deviations in the direction of increase of no more than 3 mm, in the direction of decrease of no more than 1 mm are allowed for those traveling on trains with a speed of over 120 km / h up to 140 km / h. At speeds up to 120 km / h, deviations are allowed ± 3 mm.
3. Who is involved in the reduced testing of the brakes on the hauls and at whose direction?
LNP and conductors of the tail and head carriages as instructed by the driver, transmitted by communication.
4. ▬ ▬ ▬ "Brake"
TICKET number 4
1. How is the correctness of the placement of loads within the specified dimensions checked?
To check the correct placement of goods within the size limits, clearance gates are installed in places of mass loading.
2. What is allowed for rolling in a circle of wheels?
* At speeds over 120 km / h up to 140 km / h - no more than 5 mm, ridge thickness 28-33 mm with ridge height 28 mm when measured at a distance of 18 mm from the ridge top;
* At speeds up to 120 km / h on long-distance trains no more than 7 mm, local and suburban traffic no more than 8 mm, ridge thickness 25-33 mm with ridge height 28 mm when measured at a distance of 18 mm from the top of the ridge.
The vertical undercut of the ridge with a height of more than 18 mm is measured by spec. template.
3. What is the equipment for passenger trains?
Radio stations for communication with the locomotive driver, fire-fighting equipment, first aid equipment.
4. ▬ ▬ "Release the brakes"
TICKET number 5
1. How should the loads be stacked and secured so that the dimensions of the approach to buildings are not violated?
The goods unloaded or prepared for loading near the track must be stowed and secured so that the dimension C NS was not violated.
2. What sliders are allowed on the rolling surface of the wheels?
No more than 1 mm.
* If found along the route with roll. with axle boxes, a slider with a depth of more than 1 mm, but not more than 2 mm, it is allowed to bring such a car without uncoupling from the train at a speed of not more than 100 km / h to the nearest service station that has means for replacing wheel sets;
* With a slider from 2 mm to 6 mm, the train is allowed to follow to the nearest service station at a speed of 15 km / h;
* With a slider from 6 mm to 12 mm - at a speed of 10 km / h;
* Over 12 mm - at a speed of 10 km / h, provided that the wheelset is suspended or the possibility of rotation is excluded, while the shopping center of the car of the damaged wheelset must be turned off, the locomotive must be uncoupled.
3. What signals should be used to stop a train arriving at the station?
It must be stopped between the input signal and the limit column of the receiving path, and where there is no output signal, between the limit columns.
If the tail of the train is left behind. by a column, the signalman or the switch post duty officer is obliged to immediately report this to the station duty officer, who takes measures to install the train within the useful length of the receiving path.
4. ▬ ▬ ▬ ● "arrival of the train at the station in incomplete composition"
TICKET number 6
1. In accordance with which laws are the Rules of technical operation developed?
Developed in accordance with federal laws: “On the federal railway. transport "from 25.08.95, No. 153-FZ," Transport regulations of the railway. RF "dated 08.01.98, No. 2-FZ, other federal laws and other regulatory legal acts of the Russian Federation.
2. What should be the height of the coupler axle above the level of the top of the rail head?
Not more than 1080 mm when empty and not less than 980 mm when loaded.
3. In what cases is the fencing of a train stopped on a stretch?
When a recovery or fire train is requested, as well as an auxiliary locomotive - immediately after the call.
If the train is stopped when all signaling and communication means are interrupted - immediately after the train stops.
TICKET number 7
1. Is the track width between the inner edges of the rail heads on straight track sections and on curves with a radius of 350 m and more?
Track gauge on more curved sections should be:
with a radius from 349 to 300 m - 1530 mm, incl. on railroad sleepers - 1520 mm;
with a radius of 299 m and less - 1535 mm.
On railway sections lines and tracks, where the complex replacement of the rail and sleepers was not carried out, is allowed on straight and curved track sections with a radius of more than 650 m nom. The gauge is 1524 mm, on steeper curves the gauge is taken:
with a radius from 650 to 450 m - 1530 mm;
with a radius from 449 to 350 m - 1535 mm;
with a radius of 349 and less - 1540 mm.
The values of deviations from nom. Track gauge sizes that do not require elimination on straight and curved sections of the track should not exceed 4 mm in narrowing, + 8 mm in widening, and in sections where the speed of movement is set at 50 km / h or less in narrowing - 4 mm, and widening + 10 mm.
Track gauge less than 1512 and more than 1548 mm is not allowed.
2. What is the allowed difference in height between the longitudinal axes of automatic couplers?
At speeds up to 120 km / h - 70 mm between cars;
At a speed of 120-140 km / h - 50 mm between cars;
Between the locomotive and the first car of the passenger train - 100 mm.
The automatic coupler of passenger cars must have a vertical displacement limiter.
3. What does the conductor do when the train is forced to stop on the stretch?
The conductor of the last passenger car is obliged to check the visibility of the tail signals. Carefully observe the haul and, in the event of the appearance of a following train, take measures to stop it.
TICKET number 8
1. What trains should be in constant readiness and what do they serve?
Recovery trains - to restore normal movement and eliminate the consequences of collisions, derailments of rolling stock.
Special railcars, railcars, cars - to restore the track and power supply devices.
Carriages of repair and recovery communication lines.
Emergency field teams.
Fire trains and fire brigades - to prevent and extinguish fires.
2.What kind of malfunctions is it not allowed to include passenger carriages on trains?
Having faults in the EPT, heating, electrical equipment, ventilation and other faults that violate the normal conditions for the carriage of passengers, as well as carriages with radio coupe (headquarters) with faulty radio communication between the train chief and the driver.
3. What are the passenger coaches intended for and what other coaches, besides the passenger ones, are intended for the carriage of passengers?
Postal, carriages - restaurants, service and technical, clubs, testing, measuring laboratories and other special carriages of the passenger type.
4. ● ● ● ● ● ● ● ● ● "Air raid"
TICKET number 9
1. What are signals for?
To ensure safe movement, as well as for the accurate organization of train traffic and shunting work.
2. What is the basis for the organization of train traffic?
The train schedule, which unites the activities of all departments and expresses the plan of the operational work of the railways. The State Traffic Police is an urgent law for railway workers. transport, the implementation of which is one of the most important quality indicators of the work of railways. The GDS is approved by the Ministry of Railways or his first deputy. Compliance with traffic regulations and prevention of its violations should be the main thing for all employees associated with the organization of train traffic. Violation of the traffic flow is not allowed.
3. What is the loading gauge?
The limiting transverse (perpendicular to the axis of the track) outline, in which the cargo should be placed without going outside (taking into account packaging and fastening on an open rolling stock when it is on a straight horizontal track).
4. ▬ ● ▬ ● ▬ ● "Radiation hazard" or "Chemical alarm"
TICKET number 10
1. What are the main signal colors in signaling related to train movement and shunting work?
Green - allowing movement at a set speed;
Yellow - allowing movement and requiring a decrease in speed;
Red - requiring an immediate stop.
When shunting:
Lunar white - allowing maneuvers.
Blue - prohibiting maneuvers.
2. What numbers are assigned to trains in the direction?
Each train is assigned a number set by the schedule. Trains of one direction are assigned even numbers, and trains of the opposite direction are assigned odd numbers.
3. What is the gauge of the rolling stock?
The limiting transverse (perpendicular to the axis of the track) outline, in which both loaded and empty rolling stock, installed on a straight horizontal track, should be placed without going outside.
4. Sound signal of vigilance: one short and one long ● ▬
TICKET number 11
1. At what distance are traffic signal lights installed on straight sections of the track so that they are clearly distinguishable from the locomotive cabin?
a) extraordinary: recovery, firefighters, snowplows, locomotives without wagons, special. self-propelled rolling stock, assigned to restore normal traffic and to extinguish fires.
b) regular in order of priority: pass. express, pass. fast, passenger of all other names, post and baggage, military, cargo and passenger, human and fast freight trains, freight trains (through, sectional combined, export, transfer), utility trains and locomotives without wagons.
c) trains assigned according to special requirements, the sequence of which is established upon appointment.
3. What is the building approximation dimension?
The limiting transverse (perpendicular to the axis of the track) outline, inside which no parts of structures and devices should go.
4. Alert beep: one long ▬
TICKET number 12
1. At what distance are traffic signal lights installed on curved sections of the track so that they can be seen from the cabin of the locomotive?
Not less than 400 m.
2. What is the standard time for the movement of trains?
24 hours, Moscow time.
3. By what types of communication are passenger trains divided?
Distant - following at a distance of over 700 km.
Local - up to 700 km.
Suburban - up to 150 km.
4. ● ● ● "Stop!"
TICKET number 13
1. In rough terrain, at what distance are traffic lights installed?
At a distance of less than 400 m, but not less than 200 m.
2. What are the station boundaries?
On single-track sections - entrance traffic lights.
On double-track sections, the main track is on one side of the entrance traffic light, and on the other side there is a signal sign "station border", installed at a distance of at least 50 m after the last exit turnout.
3. What passenger train is considered extra long?
Passenger train with 20 or more carriages.
4. ▬ "Take a train"
TICKET number 14
1. List all types of communication?
Dispatch rooms, train inter-station, non-station, turnout communications, power dispatch rooms, ferry communications, mainline, road, road administrative, ticket-dispatching, carriage-dispatching, shunting, information and computing, telephone, telegraph communications.
2. What is the main means of transmitting instructions during shunting work?
Radio communication, two-way park communication. Signaling during shunting operations is permitted by hand signaling devices.
3. What passenger train is considered a high-speed train?
Passenger train operating at speeds in the intervals of 141-160 km / h and 161-200 km / h.
4. ▬ ▬ ▬ "Brake"
TICKET number 15
1. What is train radio communication used for?
Double-sided with drivers, chipboard, train dispatcher, with a crossing officer, LPP.
2. How fast are the maneuvers carried out?
60 km / h - when following free tracks of single locomotives and locomotives with wagons hitched to the back with included and tested automatic brakes.
40 km / h - when a locomotive is moving with wagons hitched at the back, as well as when following a single special. self-propelled train on free tracks.
25 km / h - when moving cars forward on free tracks, as well as recovery and fire trains.
15 km / h - when driving with wagons occupied by people, as well as oversized cargo of lateral and lower oversized dimensions of the 4th, 5th and 6th degrees.
5 km / h - during jerking maneuvers, when a carriage cut approaches another cut in a subhill park.
3 km / h - when a locomotive approaches (with or without wagons) to the wagons.
3. What does the concept of "stopping distance" mean?
The distance traveled by the train during the time from the moment the handle of the driver's crane or the emergency braking valve is moved to the braking position to a complete stop.
4. ▬ ▬ "Release the brakes"
TICKET number 16
1. Height of the overhead wire suspension above the level of the top of the rail head on railway tracks and at stations?
On tracks and stations not lower than 5750 mm and not higher than 6800 mm.
At a crossing of at least 6000 mm with a resolution of the MPS, it can be reduced to 5675 mm when electrifying the line at alternating current and up to 5550 mm at direct current.
2. What wagons are prohibited to be put on passenger and postal-baggage trains?
Wagons with dangerous goods, wagons with an expired period of periodic repairs or with an expired unified technical revision.
3. What does the Alarm Instructions set?
A system of visible and audible signals for the transmission of orders and instructions related to the movement of trains and shunting work, as well as the types of signaling devices with which these signals are given.
4. ▬ ▬ ▬ ● "Arrival of the train at the station not in full force"
TICKET number 17
1. What is the distance from the current-carrying elements of the pantograph and live parts of the contact network to the grounded parts of structures and rolling stock?
Not less than 200 mm on lines electrified with direct current, and not less than 350 mm - on alternating current.
2. What kind of freight cars are allowed on passenger trains?
With the permission of the Ministry of Railways, when a train travels within two or more railways or the head of the road - within one road, it is allowed to include freight cars:
Four-axle covered;
Tanks for the transportation of milk;
Autonomous refrigerated for the transportation of live fish.
At the same time, no more than one freight car or a two-section section for the transportation of live fish may be coupled to a long-distance passenger train. There are no more than three carriages for a local and suburban train.
3. What are the signals for and how are they subdivided?
Ensuring traffic safety, organizing train traffic and shunting work. Visible (day, night) and sound (whistles, hand whistles, horns, sirens, beeps, firecrackers).
4. ▬ ▬ ▬ ● ● "Calling the assistant driver, chief conductor, foreman mechanic, work manager of the economic train to the locomotive"
TICKET number 18
1. What is the distance from the axis of the extreme track to the inner edge of the contact network supports on railway tracks and stations?
On tracks and stations, there must be at least 3100 mm. In grooves with especially heavy snow, the distance from the axis of the outer path to the inner edge of the contact network supports must be at least 5700 mm.
On newly electrified lines, the distance from the track axis and to the inner edge of the supports is allowed at least 2450 mm at stations and 2750 at railway tracks.
2. What freight wagons are allowed to be put on post and baggage trains?
Specialized cars: thermoses, refrigerated five-car sections, covered four-axle for light cargo and all-metal cars no more than 6 cars.
3. How are visible signals subdivided?
Day, night, round the clock.
4. ▬ ● ● ● ▬ ● ● ● ▬ ● ● ● "General alarm"
TICKET number 19
1. General requirements for rolling stock?
PS, including special Self-propelled rolling stock must timely undergo scheduled preventive repairs, maintenance and be kept in good working order, ensuring its uninterrupted operation, DB and TB. Preventing the occurrence of malfunctions and ensuring the established service life of the rolling stock should be the main thing in the work of the persons responsible for its maintenance and repair.
2. What height and at what distance from the axis of the track are passenger platforms with mixed movement of passenger trains installed?
1100 mm from the top of the railheads for high platforms;
200 mm from the level of the rail head for low platforms;
1920 mm from track centerline for high platforms;
1745 mm from track centerline for low platforms.
Changes in height are allowed up to 20 mm in the direction of increasing and up to 50 mm in the direction of decreasing. Along the distance from the axis of the track up to 30 mm in the direction of increasing and up to 25 mm in the direction of decreasing.
3. What are the sound signals?
Locomotive whistles, hand whistles, horns, sirens, horns, firecrackers.
The explosion of the firecracker requires an immediate stop.
4. ▬ ● ● ▬ ● ● ▬ ● ● "Fire alarm"
TICKET number 20
1. What are the passenger stations and stopping points equipped with?
The substations are equipped with an automatic system for booking seats and selling tickets, a system of ticket printing machines and machines, self-service storage rooms, automatic train departure indicators, and reference stations.
2. What wagons are not allowed to be put on freight-passenger trains?
Wagons with dangerous goods;
Empty tanks from liquefied gases.
In exceptional cases, on low-traffic sections, where no other trains, except for passenger-and-freight trains, can be used, carriages with dangerous goods (except for cars with dangerous goods of class 1, explosive materials) may be loaded with the permission of the head of the road.
3. How are traffic lights subdivided?
Entrance, weekend, route, checkpoint, cover, barrage, warning, repetitive, locomotive, shunting, hump.
4. ▬ ● ▬ ● ▬ ● "Radiation hazard" or "Chemical hazard"
TICKET number 21
1. How is the rolling stock installed on the station tracks?
Substation on station tracks is installed within the boundaries indicated by limit columns. Trains standing on station tracks without a locomotive must be secured against leaving with brake shoes, station devices for securing wagons, hand brakes or other securing devices installed by the Ministry of Railways.
The procedure for securing wagons and trains is established by the Instruction on the movement of trains and shunting work on the railway. RF and is indicated in the technical and administrative act of the station, taking into account local conditions.
2. The order of actions of employees in case of a forced stop of a train on the stretch?
The driver is obliged to stop the train on a straight section of the track, unless an emergency stop is required. Activate the automatic brakes and the auxiliary brake, inform the drivers of the locomotives following the haul, the chipboard, the train dispatcher, the head of the train by radio. Find out the reason. If the movement of the train is not resumed within 20 minutes or more, activate the hand brakes of the locomotive and give a signal to the train conductors to activate the hand brakes. Take measures to remove obstacles to traffic. Provide railings for the train and adjacent track if necessary. In one person, operations for securing and fencing the train are carried out by LNP and conductors. The conductor of the last carriage is obliged to check the visibility of train signals and observe the haul, take measures to stop the following train.
3. What are the main signals given by traffic lights?
One green - movement at the set speed is allowed;
One yellow blinking - movement at the set speed is allowed, the next traffic light is open and requires following it at a reduced speed;
One yellow - traffic is allowed to stop readily, the next traffic light is closed;
Two yellow lights, upper flashing - it is allowed to follow the traffic light at a reduced speed, the next traffic light is open, the train follows with a deviation along the turnout;
Two yellow lights - it is allowed to pass the traffic light with a reduced speed and readiness to stop at the next traffic light, the train follows with a deviation along the turnout;
One red - “Stop! It is prohibited to drive through the signal. "
4. ● ● ● ● ● ● ● ● ● ● "Air raid"
72 73 74 75 76 77 78 79 ..10.4. Complete and reduced testing of wagon brakes
To check the action of the brakes, and also to make sure that the brake lines of all cars are included in the brake network of the train, perform a brake test. Two types of testing of automatic brakes have been established: full and reduced. In addition, for freight trains, an inspection of auto brakes at stations and tracks has been established.
When fully tested brakes are checked technical condition braking equipment, the density and integrity of the braking network, the effect of the brakes on all cars, - the pressure of the brake pads in the train and the number of hand brakes are counted. With a short test, the condition of the brake line is checked by the action of the brakes of the two tail cars, which confirms the passage of compressed air along the entire brake line.
Full testing brakes are produced from a stationary compressor unit or a locomotive, for short - only from a locomotive. When testing automatic brakes on a train, the locomotive brakes are controlled by the driver, and from the stationary compressor unit - by the automatic inspector or the operator of the central control panel.
The operation of the brakes on the train and the correctness of their activation are checked by an automatic inspector or a car inspector. After that, they draw up and issue to the driver a certificate of the VU-45 form about the provision of the train with brakes and their serviceable operation. The certificate of the VU-45 form is drawn up as a carbon copy in two copies. The original of the certificate is handed over to the locomotive driver, and a copy is kept in the book of these certificates for seven days by the official who tested the brakes.
The driver must keep the certificate of the VU-45 form until the end of the trip and, upon arrival at the depot, hand it in along with the speed meter tape. If a change of locomotive crews is made without uncoupling the locomotive, then the changing driver is obliged to hand over his certificate of brakes to the driver who received the locomotive. The last on the speed meter tape, which is removed by the changing driver, makes a note: “I received a certificate of the VU-45 form for train No. depot ".
The tightness of the braking network from the locomotive should be checked by the driver and the inspector of the cars during full testing of automatic brakes and an abbreviated test if it is performed after full testing from a stationary compressor unit. In case of reduced testing of automatic brakes in other cases, the presence of a car inspector when checking the density is not required.
Full testing of automatic brakes on trains is carried out(PTE, Ch. 15):
At formation stations before train departure;
After changing the locomotive;
At stations dividing adjacent guaranteed sections of freight trains, at maintenance composition without changing the locomotive;
Before the release of the multi-unit train from the depot or after it has been left without a brigade at the station;
At stations preceding long-run runs, where the train stops are provided for by the schedule; before long descents of 0.018 and steeper, full testing is carried out with a ten-minute exposure in a braked state. The list of such stations is established by the head of the railway.
Full testing of electro-pneumatic brakes is carried out at stations of formation and turnover of passenger trains from stationary devices or a train locomotive. An entry is made in a special book about each complete testing of automatic brakes in multi-unit trains.
Abbreviated testing of automatic brakes on trains is carried out(PTE, Ch. 15):
After the train locomotive was coupled to the train, if a complete testing of the automatic brakes from a stationary device or a locomotive was carried out at the station beforehand;
After changing the control cabin of a multi-unit train and after changing locomotive crews, when the locomotive does not detach from the train;
After any disconnection of the sleeves in the train, overlapping the end valve in the train, after connecting the sleeves due to the coupling of the rolling stock (in the latter case, checking the action of the brake on each connected car);
In passenger trains, after a train has stopped for more than 20 minutes, when the pressure in the main tanks drops below 5.5 kgf / cm2, when the control cabin is changed or after the control is transferred to the driver of the second locomotive on the stretch after the train stops due to the impossibility of further control of the train movement from the head cabins;
On freight trains, if during the train stop there was a spontaneous actuation of automatic brakes or a change in density by more than 20% from the VU-45 form indicated in the certificate;
In freight trains after a train stop for more than 30 minutes, where there are car inspectors or workers trained in performing operations for testing auto brakes and who are assigned this responsibility.
In the event that the brakes of the two tail carriages do not work during the reduced testing of auto brakes, the employee who is entrusted with testing the auto brakes is obliged to take measures to prevent the train from leaving. To make sure that the train brakes are working properly and reliably, the driver must check their operation along the route. The speed of the train during this check is set by the head of the road. The speed of the train at the stage of braking until the moment the driver is released by the crane must be reduced by at least 10 km / h at a certain distance. This distance and its landmarks on the stretch are indicated in local instructions. The procedure for full and reduced testing of automatic brakes is established by the Instruction for the operation of brakes for rolling stock of railways.
