"Parma" cuts through the swamps and impassable roads of our vast country.
All data are taken from the forum of the site "Lunokhodov.Net", where he shares his best practices and skills under the nickname mishanya68.
The tasks originally assigned to the all-terrain vehicle builder.
V technical requirements and wishes such items:
1. confident movement on snow of average depth and density for the Urals.
2. capacity for 2 people, plus 50-80 kg of cargo.
3. minimum, should be confident in the water (main application is fishing and buoyancy for safety).
4. The main application is snow and ice 90%, the rest is autumn and spring snow with mud.
5. maximum use of ready-made serial parts and assemblies.
In connection with this project, I once again re-read the topics on "Tazik", "Luntik", "Barsik" and "Yukon" - these are ready-made all-terrain vehicles described on the site "Lunokhodov.Net". Many thanks to the authors of the projects for sharing their experience, best practices and drawings that they used.
Based on the experience of previous builders, outlined an approximate design
1.turn on differential with rear axle, but let's put it cylindrical.
2.engine 2-cylinder, made in China with a cylinder volume of 690 cubic mm.
3. transmission: belt variator - gearbox from VAZ 5-speed - rear axle from VAZ.
4.Dimensions 2500x1750 mm.
The rear axle is taken from the classic "Zhiguli". Sprockets are worn instead of wheels (drive wheels for caterpillars)
The beam was used. From disassembly, after checking for straightness, I cut off the excess and immediately cleaned it, cleaned it with petal circles with 40 grain. It turned out quite quickly, 1.5-2 hours for everything, and the cleaning took about 30 minutes. But this time is then saved on welding and painting.
The engine is made in China.
Drawings have been developed for the production of guides, which are fixed to the inner side of the track belt and prevent the tracks from coming off during movement and turns.
Factory half shaft.
The half shaft is bought, find the differences! Therefore, it was decided to leave the factory axle shafts, but with the replacement of bearings.
I bought belts for the production of caterpillars in a rubber goods store at a repair plant in Perm.
More details: what is "increased strength" ??? In numbers. 4 spacers are good, 12 mm is not much?
The strength of the tape is created by the gaskets - the rest is rubber, which itself does not bear a load, BUT protects the gaskets from damage. For example, I took one so that on one side (outer) it was 3-4 mm, and on the other (inner) - 1 mm. On the inside, damage is practically not expected, and the extra thickness means excess weight and not small! As for the spacers - they are ALWAYS of the same thickness - 1mm, the rest is from their number!
By area: I took 4 pieces. with a length of 6.5 m, width-150mm, thickness-8mm, ply-7. It turned out to be 10 thousand rubles.
He began to cook the frame of the future all-terrain vehicle. Someone calls a frame, someone a boat, someone a frame, and the author calls this structure a keel, since the all-terrain vehicle is more intended for navigation.
The rounded front keel should improve the floating quality of the car.
It was decided to make an all-terrain vehicle without a balancer, as it is intended for travel in winter, the roads are smoother, the weight of the structure is reduced, and it is technically easier to execute.
The frame is assembled with road wheels on both sides, the wheels are the most common and common with R 13 from VAZ, the bottom of the star is raised from the floor level by 350 mm, the wheel is 570 mm in diameter.
Preparing tracks for making tracks.
Mounting plates.
Drilling template.
Pre-drilled holes in the conveyor belts for making the caterpillar.
Drilling holes according to the template.
Assembly.
A device for drilling holes in rubber using the punch method, but here you do not need to hit the punch, it is clamped into the drill chuck and the rubber is cut, very good holes are obtained and less effort is needed.
You can watch the video how this is done.
Photo of the device clamped in the drill chuck.
Photo of a device for bending pressure plates and bent plates.
One caterpillar is ready.
Safety precautions. In order not to hurt against the pipe ends and not to scratch, it is better to protect yourself, at least with gloves.
The caterpillar wraps around the sprocket, all tracks are in contact with the teeth.
Front view.
The tensioning mechanism is made so that both sloths are tensioned at the same time, there are pros and cons to this method. Plus, the largest is the same tension of the tracks, provided that the tracks are the same during manufacture and are equally stretched, simplicity in execution and more reliable fastening of the sloth axis. Subject to these conditions, the straightness of the ride is ensured.
Cons - poor sealing of the boat, since the shaft of the sloth passes inside the boat, if one caterpillar flew off, then both sides relax in order to put on. Also, to be removed for repair if necessary.
Plates for fastening tensioning mechanisms.
Beams and amplifiers are welded.
Fastening the bridge.
Installation of disc brakes on the axle from the VAZ, due to the braking of the driving wheels, the all-terrain vehicle will turn while driving.
The guides are from the inner side of the caterpillar, on the upper bend along the edges of the canine, they are pressed by 9 mm, this is with a plate width of 40 mm, the thickness of steel is 2.5 mm. this is the limit for a press with a force of 10 tons.
Guides, with a plate welded inside for attaching to tracks.
Tool for making guide plates using a press.
This will guide the track along the tension wheel.
The guide plate touches the brake hose from the disc brakes on the sprocket, so it is necessary to change the brake hoses and install them from the "Niva".
Clearances between the tracks for the track to run over the track sprocket are acceptable.
All plates are chopped and folded.
The caterpillar is the most labor-intensive and labor-intensive part of the all-terrain vehicle.
The caterpillar and sprocket must interact with each other without jamming in and out of the star. Verification completed.
Watch the video.
Installing the engine.
Installing the clutch and gearbox.
Installing the cardan.
The variator on the engine pulley. Transmission - so far only positive results, the Kayurov variator works very clearly with the Chinese engine. At first, there were problems with releasing the belt at idle, but after adjusting the carb, everything returned to normal. Releases completely at about 1000-1100 engine rpm, setting at about 1500-1700 rpm. Fully compressed by about 2500-2800 rpm.
I could not understand why by ear the maximum revs are less than 3000 rpm, then I saw the throttle limit bolt turned completely, the Chinese, apparently, tightened it for a quiet break in, also completed the control levers.
The first departure took place. First impressions are great.
Everything I said about differential rotation is not entirely true. There are moments about which a little later. The all-terrain vehicle turned out to be quite light and nimble so far.
He rolls around the garage with his hands into one, turns into 2 people. In the video, the surface is packed with snow, the first and third of the gas transmission, I press the levers with one finger, there is almost no noise from the stars.
I finished working with the controls (gear shifter and gas drive), and also made a cardan protection frame. I made a small trip. Now everything works well. Tomorrow I will disassemble everything for welding the boat and painting.
Dismantled the all-terrain vehicle for welding and painting.
I turned it over on my back.
I boiled the bottom, left the sides and can be painted.
The braces are installed.
The pulley shaft is inside the casing.
Boiled sides and painted.
I painted everything inside.
Gearbox outside with oil filler plug and differential.
One of the problems in our homeland is the very bad roads. And therefore, some enthusiasts are trying to solve this problem on their own.
Just a huge amount highways connecting different villages and villages are so bad in their condition that it is sometimes problematic to drive through them in an ordinary car.
And when the autumn-winter period comes, then moving along them is almost impossible. You can, of course, get out of the situation and order an all-terrain vehicle from abroad, but it is very expensive and therefore you have to make do with what is available.
Homemade tracked all-terrain vehicle
This cross-country vehicle is not an obstacle for off-road terrain, as well as any water obstacles. The body is made in the form of a box-shaped structure. Caterpillars are the driving force.
Traction capacity - pulls a trailer weighing about 900kg.The hood is shaped to move through algae, driftwood and moss. Exhaust gases are directed upwards. The self-made tracked all-terrain vehicle is equipped with a winch located in the front. The body bottom is sufficiently sealed, plus pneumatic rollers are located on the sides, which have a positive effect on the buoyancy of the all-terrain vehicle.
Tracked ATV control
The control of the all-terrain vehicle is the same as on the tractor, it is carried out by levers. The side differentials were made from VAZ disc brakes.
In the cab, in the middle of the floor, there is a pneumatic lever - a track tensioner. Ideal option it would have been the use of a mechanical tensioner, since it is more unpretentious to repair, but the author of this all-terrain vehicle decided otherwise and installed a pneumatic tensioner.
Chassis
The designer has created an excellent chassis. You should pay attention to the tracks: they are cast, made by ourselves. The tracks have lugs on the outside made of metal pipes welded to the metal sheet. This played a positive role in terms of flotation and traction.
This technology is not used in foreign all-terrain vehicles due to the complexity of execution and increased financial costs. The rollers are made of stroller wheels, protected by a rubber reflector. Also above the caterpillar drive, there is a "damper" made in the form of a rubberized half-pipe.
Crawler Off-Road Vehicle Engine
A VAZ engine with a gearbox was used as a power unit. The connection of the rear axle gearbox is carried out by means of a coupling made of rubber. The gearbox is connected to the side differentials by shafts.
As mentioned above, the differentials are made from VAZ disc brakes with conventional calipers.
The resource of the reducer is not reduced at all due to the low speed of the all-terrain vehicle. The main advantage of this all-terrain vehicle model is its low weight. When the all-terrain vehicle moves on a swampy area or along a lake, the body sinks 30-40 cm.
Homemade video tracked all-terrain vehicle In action.
Instruments
When implementing this project of a homemade all-terrain vehicle, the following tools were used: a welding machine, a grinder, various keys. Clamps, a machine for giving one shape or another to sheet metal, this is especially important in the manufacture of the cab and the bottom of an all-terrain vehicle. Various bolted connections. Glass cutter for the manufacture of windshield and side windows. Drill for drilling holes.
"Today we will consider detailed step-by-step instructions for assembling a homemade tracked all-terrain vehicle" Ulan-3 "This all-terrain vehicle was assembled by craftsman Alexander Ulanov from the Sverdlovsk region, the village of Novaya Lyalya. This tracked all-terrain vehicle is assembled entirely from components and assemblies of domestic production, borrowed from cars and motorcycles, the only engine was bought by a new "Lifan" 22 l / s. assembled from a conveyor belt, and metal corners are used as tracks, the caterpillar is connected to each other through a metal loop. Wheels from VAZ are installed as road wheels. Motorcycle gearbox « « Cardan shaft from a potato digger with a gear ratio of 1.25. Planetary brake with a gear ratio of 4 per disc brake. The weight of the car is about 650 kg.
Main bridge.
Reducer and planetary gear.
Installation of the engine on the frame of the all-terrain vehicle.
A flexible coupling will be installed between the gearbox and the rear axle.
The clutch is assembled from the clutch discs of the Ural motorcycle. Torque is transmitted by a chain drive.
The body of the all-terrain vehicle.
Drive sprocket canine flexor.
Conveyer belt.
A caterpillar is assembled, the master uses a corner as a track.
Here is such a wonderful tracked all-terrain vehicle turned out, you can go fishing, hunting, in the forest-taiga for mushrooms and berries. Due to the sealed boat hull, it can float on water. Also, be sure to look at how the clutch made from the clutch discs of the Ural motorcycle is arranged. Enjoy it.
Since then, when the phrase about the state of Russian roads came out from the pen of Gogol, the problem has not become less urgent. As before, in some of the godforsaken corners of the country, people generally forgot to dream of asphalt pavement. The only way out is to change to ATVs. Alas, the models offered by car factories are not able to satisfy the needs of motorists from the provinces. The common people need a small, economical, and, of course, a cheap vehicle. off-road... Only in a home workshop from scrap materials can such a dream come true.
Materials and components for the all-terrain vehicle on tracks
It would be fair to warn in advance that powertrains removed from vehicles are causing increased consumption fuel. But in comparison with motorcycle engines, they have a noticeable power reserve. The production of tracks also entails additional costs.
The body of a homemade all-terrain vehicle is best constructed from aluminum or duralumin sheet. You will need to purchase triplex glass, liquid rubber(can be replaced with silicone grease). The main material for the tracks will be a sheet (or strip) of rubber. One pair of bridges borrowed from Soviet cars- "Zaporozhets" or "Zhiguli".
You can highlight important points that should be taken into account in the process of creating an all-terrain vehicle on tracks.
For a homemade body, there are requirements such as strength, tightness and streamlining by the oncoming air flow while driving. In terms of geometry, the best solution would be a flat-bottomed boat body.
In view of the fact that you will have to travel (more precisely - "caterpillar") a swampy area or even overcome shallow bodies of water, the body should contain a minimum of seams. In other words, instead of welding, a solid sheet must be bent, giving the desired shape. The metal sheet is used for the manufacture of not only the cab, but also all the compartments, including the one intended for the engine. To exclude the harmful effect of water with a moisture-proof material (for example, rubber), they reliably cover the joints and fasteners of the nodes. Particular care should be taken to maximize the protection of the battery and electrical wiring from moisture. It is better if special mines are allocated for them.
The rigidity of the structure of the cross-country vehicle must be provided by a frame made of steel pipes. The axles and engine will be installed and secured on a frame made of copper tubing.
Make holes in the body for leading out the bridges. Seal the joints of the axle shafts and the body (in the holes) thoroughly with rubber couplings.
The highlight of this all-terrain vehicle is the presence of a caterpillar track, without which it is difficult to imagine movement on any off-road and even swimming. The treadmill is cut from rubber sheet and looped back. When calculating the dimensions of the caterpillar, measure the distance between the shafts, which are driving. An important element that makes it possible to easily overcome any dirt are the lugs, which are riveted on the outside of the track. And if they are made in the form of small blades, then the lugs will play the role of blades when the caterpillar is immersed in the water. This idea is not difficult to implement with a thick aluminum sheet at hand. Next, you need to measure the width of the wheels. You will need this value when calculating the distance between adjacent stop elements that are attached to the inside of the track. The center of each wheel, as here http://modelist-konstruktor.com/, must exactly coincide with the center line of the track and, thus, the wheel will be located between the stops.
The taut state of the tracks can be ensured in the following way: fill the space between the bridge wheels with the driven wheels.
The final stage- the cab is equipped with laminated glass (triplex or duplex) with rubber mountings. All-terrain vehicles - homemade products on tracks, the drawings of which are in this article, are popular with creative people.
What can be done from a UAZ with your own hands. SUV drawings do it yourself
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(from the section Homemade ATVs)
Diagrams and drawings of wheeled, tracked and airmobile homemade products, which will be useful in self-design and construction. Description of various designs of equipment for off-road use, as well as individual components and assemblies of a homemade all-terrain vehicle. Layout diagrams and overall dimensions of various all-terrain vehicles (on wheels, low-pressure tires, skis, snowmobiles, airboats and hovercraft "all-terrain vehicles") built by our own hands.
| Total materials (diagrams / pictures / drawings) in the category Drawings and diagrams of self-made all-terrain vehicles: 14 On this page, only a part of them. To see all the others, use the "leaflet" at the bottom of the page. To go to the section, click on the photo, to view the material - More. | |
| We also hope that you will find a lot of interesting things for you by following the links below: you can choose the most interesting category for you in the column on the left, or find the answer to your question in the articles from the menu at the top right >>> Enjoy your viewing! | |
Video drawings of all-terrain vehiclesUnusual display method for diagrams and drawings. Watching the video - online [Add ATV Photo] |
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vezdehod.poprostomu.com
Do-it-yourself side-turning all-terrain vehicle: drawings, production photos
The craftsman built with his own hands a wheeled all-terrain vehicle for fishing and hunting trips on forest roads and swamps. The design feature of the all-terrain vehicle is the presence of automatic tire inflation and side turning.
We suggest that you familiarize yourself with the device of an all-terrain vehicle on low-pressure tires.
The frame is made of 76 mm diameter pipe with a wall thickness of 3.5 mm.
For transmission, I purchased such 16V-1 circuits.
We also needed gearboxes from the 5B-C walk-behind tractor.
The figure shows a sketch of the hub.
- from engine to gearbox 1-1.45,
- reduced 1 to 24,
- increased 1 to 11,
- back 1 to 17.
On the gearbox, the drive sprocket has 9 teeth and goes to the driven one by 35 teeth.
Dimensions of the gearbox itself.
Drawings of hubs, in addition holes for tire inflation will be made.
Hub axle drawings. Steel 45 was used. The diagrams do not indicate the channel for air perpendicular to the axis, the size was also increased from 28 to 45 mm, there was a decrease between the bearings.
The Lifan engine is installed.
The swap implementation scheme looks like this.
Welded exhaust system.
The figure shows a diagram of the exhaust direction.
A boat bulb is used to inflate tires, so nipples were made for it.
Fastening the driven stars on the hubs.
In total, six similar parts were welded to the hub, and the dimensions were changed upward, that is, instead of 8, 10 were made:
The swap was performed in this way:
To combat tire rotation, the width of the disks was cut to 40 cm, teeth were also welded from the electrodes, and then the tires were seated using construction sealant. The author also began work on the tires themselves, eliminating punctures and cuts with the help of an awl and sealant flashing.
During the opening of the hunting season, the all-terrain vehicle was used a lot. There were some breakdowns, in particular, the engine was overheated, the chain lock was opened and the nipple of the camera was broken due to the rotation of the tire. But pumping with exhaust helped to get to the place of repair. All wheels were pumped up to 0.1 atmospheres.
As a result, about 10 liters of fuel were consumed for 42 kilometers of the way, which is quite a bit for an all-terrain vehicle.
Tire inflation is used quite often, especially in the off-season, when the temperature drops from +20 to -15 degrees, which greatly affects the pressure in the tires.
A single boat is also transported in the trunk, which is also very convenient to pump up with exhaust.
The video shows a homemade all-terrain vehicle in action.
Popular homemade products from this category
avto-samodelki.ru
2QM.ru: Do-it-yourself dumps for UAZ (drawings)
An SUV on the farm of the owner of a suburban area, taking into account the quality of the roads, is an excellent help, and sometimes even a necessity. Under the hood of such a unit there are almost a hundred, and sometimes even more working "horses", which, together with the impressive mass and running characteristics, becomes a serious argument in the fight against off-road conditions.
Why not use this power to improve traffic situation in the local adjoining territory in winter? Manufacturers have long been concerned about suitable attachments, releasing a snow plow for UAZ and other SUV models popular in our country. Why not save money and make your own blade model, given that artisanal options are no worse, and sometimes even better than factory ones? 
Factory option
You should not reinvent the wheel again, it is much easier to see how to make a blade on a UAZ from manufacturers. Most likely, you will not be able to completely copy the factory suspended blades, but it is quite possible to take some models as a basis. In addition, a detailed study of proven options will allow you to avoid many mistakes when designing and manufacturing your own snow shovel.
Design
Much depends on the availability of materials and technical skills. It is safer and easier to make a blade without a rotary mechanism, thus saving a little on materials and significantly shortening the production time, however, this will reduce the scope of its application. On the other hand, the swivel mechanism can become the most vulnerable point of the structure; its implementation requires a certain margin of safety on the fixation nodes. The working surface of the blade also requires reinforcement, it is important to monitor the weight of individual parts. It is desirable that the blade can be assembled and disassembled by one person.
To protect the surface to be cleaned, a rubber strip should be used, the fastening of which should be detachable so that the rubber can be replaced as it wears out. At the point where the blade is attached to the vehicle, it is worth considering a possible sharp collision of the blade with an obstacle. The attachment points should not be in front of important parts of the vehicle. 
Material selection
At this stage, the choice always remains with the performer, you can only advise or suggest where it is easiest to find suitable parts. Two-hundred-liter barrels have proven themselves well as material for a moldboard shovel, but given the planned dimensions, 2 barrels or additional structural reinforcement will be required. Square or rectangular pipes can be used as guiding and reinforcing ribs, it is also possible to use a rolling angle, a thin channel or I-beams.
For adjusting the angle of inclination of the blade of the jumpers, you can use lanyards or pipes of different diameters with holes for fixing fingers. When using a winch to control the lift of the blade, additional material will be required to equip the platform for the winch itself and the block system, if necessary. 
Homemade dumps on UAZ on the network
On the network, you can find many examples where artisanal craftsmen demonstrate the assembled blade on a UAZ with their own hands. The drawings of talented craftsmen are very diverse, some offer simplified options, others use various modifications, sometimes made more successful than factory products.
The main stages and nodes
Where to start work in order to embody the conceived dump on the UAZ with your own hands? Drawings should be made taking into account the SUV model, and there should always be some margin in size so that possible shortcomings can be leveled on the spot. The first step is to equip the place where the structure is attached to the car. It can be both simple fixed brackets, and a whole platform like a "kenguryatnik" for placing not only a blade, but also a winch with a block system. The platform can be made both in a permanent design and as a removable structure, which is preferable, since it does not spoil the appearance of the car.
Next, you can start making the most massive part of the blade - a working shovel. It is best to choose the dimensions from the above, 2 x 0.6-0.8 m. A too large blade cleans snow better, but will be inconvenient during installation and transportation. At the next stage, it is better to fix the blade in a working vertical position and so attach the rest of the elements to it. It must be remembered that even simple dumps on a UAZ without a swivel mechanism must be vertically movable, otherwise the car can be severely damaged during operation. The last step is to make control and rotary elements and attach them to the structure. 
Lifting mechanisms
You can see options where a manual drum winch is used as a lifting mechanism, and it is operated by a person located on the front platform. It is not very safe, it would be better to raise and lower such dumps on the UAZ after the vehicle has come to a complete stop.
Using electric winches is much more convenient and safer, but not everyone is ready to spend money on such equipment. The most budgetary option will be a special stand that works when the car is reversing, and to constantly hold the blade in the upper position in transport mode, you can use a lanyard.
Conclusion
The case of the master is afraid, they say. A do-it-yourself blade for UAZ, or factory-assembled, will help to use your SUV not only as a means of transportation, but also as a faithful assistant in the household.
2qm.ru
Homemade SUV
Many of us, at least once in our life, have been puzzled by the idea of making a car. Himself. Someone in childhood tried to build a car from cardboard, someone devoted all their free time to this, turning the construction of cars with their own hands not even into a hobby, but into the meaning of life.
Here it is necessary to demarcate the concepts a little. For some, building a car is to weld a couple of channels for half a liter, attach an engine from a Zaporozhets, wheels from a seeder and a bridge from a scrapped ZIL - a kind of under-tractor that almost any village can boast of. Such "car lashers", as a rule, have a real "animal" appetite and do not live long. For others, building a car is a matter of several months, sometimes years, painstaking work with a scientific approach, calculations and careful manufacture of every detail.
In particular, making an SUV with your own hands requires doubly efforts. Of course, if you want to get not only a bunch of iron that looks like a car from afar, but a completely effective off-road vehicle with moderate fuel consumption and a decent exterior.
The project below is actually implemented, operating and created on the basis of a conventional passenger car. When creating an SUV, you need to understand a few clear rules, the observance of which will be the key to the success of the whole event.
First, remember - the car must be frame. We will not delve into the issues of the types of frames - flat and spatial, just remember - if a car has a frame, then it will be able to withstand serious loads, live a long time and it will be easier for it to overcome off-road conditions.
Frame this car consists of two longitudinal spars, located with some convergence, as well as of three cross beams.
The spars have a rather complex section. They are based on two welded water pipes 032 mm, to which a box of two L-shaped bent steel sheets is also attached by welding from above. The spar section height ranges from 120 mm in the center of the frame to 80 mm at the ends.
The square crossbeams are welded from 2mm thick steel sheet, and the front beam also serves as a reservoir for oil, therefore it has a drain and a filler hole with plugs. In addition to the cross members, two diaphragms bent from steel sheet give additional rigidity to the frame (the front is 2 mm thick, the rear one is 1.6 mm).
Not very easy, right? The drawing will facilitate the perception of "the whole picture". The frame of this design is quite reliable.
The engine was taken from a VAZ-2101 car along with a gearbox. The air and oil filters have been slightly redesigned. Of course, a "triple" motor will be slightly better, and if you want to add power, you can install a motor from the "Niva", but that's another story.
Transmission and chassis used from the GAZ-69 with the use of separate parts from the UAZ-469. This car also uses a homemade gimbal - between the gearbox and the transfer case. Cardan half-coupling and crosspiece - from GAZ-69.
Further - the springs. You can, of course, use springs from the UAZ, but in this case, the car will turn out to be too tough. The rear leaf springs of the GAZ-24 "Volga" car are recommended for use, but in this case the course will be somewhat harsh. To improve the softness of the stroke, homemade earrings were used - 20 mm longer than on the Volga - this size is not a panacea, it was obtained experimentally. So it has the right to life and independent selection - so you can achieve the desired softness. Also, shock absorbers from GAZ-24 are installed on the car. The springs are installed parallel to the frame side members, that is, at an angle to the machine axis.
Body. In the manufacture of the body of the SUV, sheet steel of 1.0-1.2 mm was used. It is recommended to assemble the body from small, up to 1 m long, panels and connect them using spot welding. This makes the body parts easier to handle and shape.
The body can be made of fiberglass by gluing. In any case, the authors of the project used material that was easier for them to work with.
It was decided to start the bodywork with the doors. This decision can also be put at the forefront. Those who already have some experience in auto design know that making doors is one of the most difficult operations. Therefore, it is not surprising that many DIYers tend to use ready-made doors from serial cars. But the overall design of the project often suffers from this. With serial doors, it is difficult to achieve individuality in the exterior.
An electromagnetic plate was used for bending work.
For the doors, sheet steel with a thickness of 1.4 mm was used, the rest of the body was assembled from panels with a thickness of 1.2 mm; except for the front fenders, which have gone millimeter steel.
A few words about safety. Since the SUV was being built, safety elements were introduced into the design. windshield a water pipe is welded around the perimeter, which, together with the front frame of the frame, performs the functions of a safety arc (in the event of a rollover of the machine).
Hinges and door locks are homemade, but you can use ready-made - from "Zhiguli". Handles and glass lifting mechanism - from "Moskvich-2140".
The cockpit glass was used from the VAZ-2121 "Niva". To install them around the perimeter of the window, a corner of steel 1.2-2mm thick was welded under the rubber seal.
The hood is assembled from steel panels surrounded by a frame made of a thin-walled tube with a diameter of 16 mm. The hood tilts forward on homemade horseshoe hinges.
The steering was transferred from the GAZ-69, but the angle of the steering column had to be slightly reduced. The brake system is used from the GAZ-24. The headlights are installed from the Chezeta motorcycle (any similar in size will do, you can turn on your imagination here).
Taillights used from "Moskvich-2140", sidelights and direction indicators are homemade. Instrument cluster from GAZ-24, but the top panel of our own production is made of polystyrene, pasted over with fabric.
The gas tank is completely homemade. It consists of an 80 L capacity welded from sheet steel, mounted on a frame between two rear crossbeams.
The awning frame is welded from water pipes with a diameter of 25 mm. There are four thinner cross members under the roof, three of which are removable. Plexiglass is glued into the awning windows. The method of attaching the plexiglass to the tarpaulin turned out to be very effective, so it can be recommended to all lovers of auto construction. A pocket is sewn to the tarpaulin along the perimeter of the window, glass is inserted into it and the edges are impregnated with dichloroethane (or acetone) as shown in the figure. The tarpaulin is laid on a flat surface (for example, plywood), covered with plastic wrap and loaded - best with sand.
The front seats of the car are from the GAZ-24 car with minor modifications. The back ones are homemade.
In finished form, a homemade jeep has a rather belligerent appearance and, as tests have shown, excellent cross-country ability. On tests, the car showed better cross-country ability than the factory "Niva".
In the pickup version, the maximum carrying capacity of the machine is 800 kg. A jeep on A-92 or A-95 gasoline has a consumption of about 10 liters per 100 mm of run. Experimentally, the engine was redesigned for 76 gasoline - fuel consumption increased slightly.
www.4x4info.ru
What can be done from a UAZ with your own hands
(Homemade SUVs)
For those who are interested in homemade, UAZ, all-terrain vehicle, homemade products:
They built this miracle of home-made technology in Dnepropetrovsk. The idea to create a car for outdoor activities was born to Alexander Novoseltsev quite a long time ago. And when an inexpensive UAZ fell into his hands, he served as an excellent donor for manufacturing.
Since, according to the idea, this car was supposed to be a two-seater coupe with increased cross-country ability, it was necessary to completely abandon the use of the huge body of the UAZ. As a result, only the frame and significantly modernized elements of the suspension, brakes and steering system remained from the donor car. Much has been borrowed from the UAZ - PATRIOT. The rather slow-speed native engine was replaced by a more responsive ZMZ-405 (16-valve). Was installed air filter with zero resistance, chip tuning of the control unit was made, the exhaust system was redesigned. As a result of these alterations, 170 hp were obtained. and 7000 revolutions on the shaft.
A snorkel was installed to overcome the fords.
Technical data of UAZ-CRAB:
engine - ZMZ-405 power - 155 (passport) - 170 (after chip tuning) exhaust - self-made direct-flow drive on both sides - full gasoline - AI-95 consumption - 15-17 l / 100km weight - 1600kg max speed - 160 km / h max ford depth - 1.2 m tires - 305/75/16 built 2006
Provided that the gearbox and razdatka remained familiar, with "short" gears (4-speed synchronized) - the acceleration dynamics turned out to be not all-terrain at all ..! The maximum speed is 160 km / h, then it's scary! A gas tank with a volume of 75 liters. shifted to the rear for weight distribution, under the trunk, tudzhe put the spare tire. The first sketches of the body were applied through tracing paper to the pictures of the frame and assemblies, they fought for a long time in Photoshop, but they were more modeled by hand from cardboard and foam. For example, the hood in the throes of creativity was remade 3 times in metal! The roof and doorways were taken from Honda CR-X... All other parts of the body and plumage were made independently from sheet iron, putty and painted. The entire construction process took place in a regular garage and took 1.5 years. Even in the process of construction, the name CRAB was attached to the car because of the widely spaced front wheels (305/75/16) optics and the bright red color of the body.
The idea paid off. The car, created for outdoor activities, successfully takes part in rally-raids, off-road competitions, auto exhibitions and just rides. For 3 years of operation, two checkpoints were destroyed, one razdatka, front axle and broke the frame. The good news is that spare parts are available in the corners and villages. And all this is incomparable with the amount of adrenaline that is released when in contact with this growling gland. There are plans to "breed" CRABs, but already on more serious sites, for example, from "PAGERO".
The CRAB was registered as UAZ-469 with a converted body.
***** To see photos of UAZ - CRAB (there are many photos), click on the pictures:
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Read more articles in the category: Homemade ATVs and SUVs. All-terrain vehicles built by the skillful hands of DIYersOr go to the section: ATVs and tractors with your own hands
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manufacturing features, drawings :: SYL.ru
It's not a secret for anyone that on the territory of our vast country there are areas where it is absolutely impossible to move normally on the roads because of their poor quality. In this case, a special vehicle comes to the rescue, which is characterized by high cross-country ability. It's about an all-terrain vehicle. But, unfortunately, it is practically unrealistic to acquire such a means of transportation that would be light, economical and inexpensive. Therefore, many craftsmen with engineering and technical skills decide to create a caterpillar all-terrain vehicle with their own hands, taking into account their needs and capabilities.
How can tracked ATVs be used?
Such homemade devices on caterpillar tracks are different sizes and are used for a variety of purposes. With their help, heavy loads are moved, which are placed either in a body or in a special trailer. If a self-made caterpillar all-terrain vehicle is used for summer cottages, then in this case, various building materials are most often transported.
In addition, such a vehicle has transport versatility, and if any unforeseen circumstances arise, you can quickly, without any difficulties, get to a certain destination over rough terrain.
What to look for when creating a homemade all-terrain vehicle?
If you decide to make a caterpillar all-terrain vehicle with your own hands, then you must clearly understand for what purpose it will be used. Be sure to consider the following points:
- Weather conditions during operation.
- Dimensions. The width affects the cross-country ability of a caterpillar all-terrain vehicle, made by hand, the length is calculated from the number of seats or the presence of a luggage compartment device, and the height should be optimal when creating the amphibious properties of the unit.
- Motor power. The more powerful the engine, the easier it is to navigate hard-to-reach sections of the road.
- Target. Depending on the purpose for which the mobile device is intended, its design can be modified.
- Number of wheels. Most often, a homemade tracked all-terrain vehicle, made by hand, has wheels from two to eight pairs, which are necessary to support the track.
Drawing creation
The most crucial stage is making a sketch of a tracked all-terrain vehicle. Do-it-yourself drawings with the arrangement of the mechanisms of the unit and its components are drawn after that. They must be very accurate. When creating such a vehicle, both home-made parts and ready-made elements of factory production are usually used. They are drawn separately, with the calculation of the compatibility and performance of parts and assemblies.
Design features
A caterpillar all-terrain vehicle, created by one's own hands, must have an engine. Basically, this element is taken from cars, most often domestic ones. You can also borrow it from a motorcycle. The undercarriage is represented by rubber tracks, tensioning system, suspension, rollers. Car tires are often used to make tracks. The base of the undercarriage consists of a tub, frame or any other metal frame. For the control system, various components are taken or ready-made controls for motorcycles or cars, as well as tractors, are used. A homemade tracked all-terrain vehicle, made by hand, has a power system, which is presented fuel tank, gasoline or diesel. Gas equipment is used much less often.
Manufacturing technology
Do-it-yourself light tracked all-terrain vehicles are made according to a certain technology. Their creation begins with the construction of the body, which must have high strength and complete water resistance. The basis of homemade transport must be rigid, so steel pipes are taken that can withstand any physical stress arising from movement. Then they begin to make caterpillars. To do this, take an ordinary rubber sheet and create a ring rubber. Small aluminum blades are placed on its outer side with the help of rivets, and the necessary limiters are installed on the inner side, the step width of which is equal to the width of the rubber of the wheels.
The next stage is that the bridges are removed from the car through the holes that were specially made in the body for this. Rubber couplings are used as protection. The rubber band is attached so that the wheels are right in the center of the stops. In addition, additional wheels are also fixed. They are necessary to keep the track taut. At the end of the work, heavy-duty glasses are inserted in the cockpit of an all-terrain vehicle made by hand.
Output
Thus, this means of transportation is an irreplaceable means of transport in hard-to-reach areas, where there are practically no roads. Possessing engineering and technical qualities, you can easily create tracked all-terrain vehicles with your own hands, the drawings of which will help to correctly design such a unit.
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Jeep all-terrain vehicle with your own hands, homemade all-terrain vehicles - For a car enthusiast - For a master - Let's do it ourselves
Incredibly, you can make a real Jeep all-terrain vehicle out of an ordinary car. Don't believe me? Read the article and see for yourself! The car frame consists of two longitudinal side members, located with some toe, and three cross beams.The spars have a rather complex section. They are based on two welded water pipes 032 mm, to which a box of two L-shaped bent steel sheets is also attached by welding from above. The spar section height ranges from 120 mm in the center of the frame to 80 mm at the ends. The square crossbeams are welded from 2mm thick steel sheet, and the front beam also serves as a reservoir for oil, therefore it has a drain and a filler hole with plugs. In addition to the cross members, two diaphragms bent from steel sheet give additional rigidity to the frame (the front is 2 mm thick, the rear one is 1.6 mm).
The engine is borrowed from the VAZ-2101 car together with the gearbox (however, on N. Yakovlev's car, the latter was taken from the VAZ-2103 - perhaps this is the only significant difference in jeeps). The air and oil filters have been slightly redesigned.
The transmission and chassis were used from the GAZ-69 with the use of separate parts from the UAZ-46E. One cardan - between the gearbox and transfer case- homemade. True, the cardan half-coupling and the crosspiece in it are serial, from the GAZ-69.
The rear leaf springs of the GAZ-24 Volga car were used as springs on both axles, however, to improve the softness of the ride, homemade earrings were used - 20 mm longer than on the Volga (the size was obtained experimentally). Shock absorbers are also from GAZ-24. The springs are installed parallel to the frame side members, that is, at an angle to the machine axis. However, this did not deteriorate their work in the least.
The body is made of steel sheet 1.0-1.2 mm thick. Moreover, the whole of it consists of relatively small (no more than 1 m long) panels, interconnected by a spot welded.
At first we tried to use fiberglass, but nothing worked. Then they opted for metal, - recalls Nikolai Yakovlev. However, this is quite understandable: Nikolai works as a welder, and, of course, he is familiar with this technology. This should be borne in mind by every self-made product: it is very important to find "your" material.
We started to make the body with ... doors! - adds Vladimir Kapusto. Maybe it will seem unexpected to someone. However, those who already have some experience in auto design know that making doors is one of the most difficult operations. It is not surprising that many do-it-yourselfers tend to use ready-made doors from serial cars. Unfortunately, such solutions sometimes run counter to the requirements of the overall design of the structure.
The most common operation in the construction of a kuzoz is bending. It is not very convenient to do it in a vice, so Yakovlev and Kapusto equipped their garage with an electromagnetic stove: this significantly increased labor productivity.
For the doors, sheet steel with a thickness of 1.4 mm was used, the rest of the body was assembled from panels with a thickness of 1.2 mm; except for the front fenders, which have gone millimeter steel. The drift was used very limited: mainly when adjusting the windshield. The panels were joined using spot welding, for which a simple device, shown in the figure, was made from ordinary pliers.
Behind the windshield, a water pipe is welded along the perimeter, which, together with the front pillar of the frame, serves as a safety arc when the car rolls over.
The hinges and door locks are homemade, although it would be advisable to use ready-made ones - say, from Zhiguli. Wailing handles and lifting mechanism - from "Moskvich-2140".
The cockpit windows were borrowed from the VAZ-2121 "Niva" car. To install them, the designers found a simple and effective solution: a corner of steel 1.2-2mm thick was welded along the perimeter of the window under a rubber seal. It would be much more difficult to knock out the flange.
The bumpers were prepared by rolling from steel sheet 1.6 mm thick, for which it was necessary to specially grind two shaped rollers and build an elementary rolling machine.
The hood is made of steel panels, surrounded by a frame made of a thin-walled tube Ø 16 mm. A thin foam pad is provided in front of the windshield, behind which the windshield wipers are removed. The hood tilts forward on homemade horseshoe hinges. The latter are hinged on a U-shaped frame, which is at the same time a radiator stand.
The tailgate of the car also has a thin tube frame; outside it is covered with steel sheet 1.2 mm thick, and inside - hardboard.
The steering is taken from the GAZ-69, however, due to the peculiarities of the layout, the angle of inclination of the steering column had to be slightly reduced. The brake system is from the GAZ-24. Headlights - motorcycle, from "Chezet". Initially, all four headlights were located strictly horizontally, the car, as they say, did not look good. Then the inner pair was raised by 10 mm - and everything fell into place. The front of the car has acquired a completely finished look.
Rear lights from "Moskvich-2140", sidelights and direction indicators are homemade. The instrument panel is from GAZ-24, but the top panel of our own production is made of polystyrene, pasted over with cloth.
The gas tank of the car is originally made. It consists of an 80 L capacity welded from sheet steel, mounted on a frame between two rear crossbeams.
The awning frame is welded from water pipes Ø 25 mm. There are four thinner cross members under the roof, three of which are removable. Plexiglass is glued into the awning windows. The method of attaching the plexiglass to the tarpaulin turned out to be very effective, so it can be recommended to all lovers of auto construction. A pocket is sewn to the tarpaulin along the perimeter of the window, glass is inserted into it and the edges are impregnated with dichloroethane (or acetone) as shown in the figure. The tarpaulin is laid on a flat surface (for example, plywood), covered with plastic wrap and loaded - best with sand.
The front seats of the car from the GAZ-24 "Volga" car are slightly altered. The rear ones are self-made, it is planned to modify them so that when the car is converted into a pickup, they turn into the rear wall of the cab.
In conclusion, briefly about the operating data. Perhaps the main advantage of the jeep is its excellent cross-country ability. Last winter, during one of their fishing trips, Nikolai and Vladimir were caught in a heavy snowfall, and whole snowdrifts grew on top of the ice. But homemade cars this obstacle turned out to be overwhelming, while the nearby Niva had to wait for help.
In the pickup version, the maximum carrying capacity (when the rear springs become horizontal) of the machine is 800 kg. V. Kapusto's car runs on AI-93 gasoline, and its fuel consumption is about 10 liters per 100 mm of run. The engine of N. Yakovlev's jeep was redesigned for A-76 gasoline; fuel consumption is somewhat higher.
Try it, dare, and the jeep-all-terrain vehicle will be yours!
Pan-As site, homemade site - the site has everything that you can do with your own hands: handicrafts, homemade products, jewelry, children's handicrafts. Do them yourself, do it yourself and get real pleasure from it.
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