Production: Martorelli SrI.
Start of release: 1973 year.
For the first time, citizens of the former Soviet republics learned about the connection of the Ulyanovsk Automobile Plant with the Italian surname Martorelli in 1975. Then, on the pages of the Soviet press, information appeared about the "469s" participating in the international run across the Sahara, which was organized by the very Martorelli family to attract the attention of other Italians to the outlandish SUVs of the Land of the Soviets.
In addition, UAZs began to be equipped with foreign power units(installed them in Ulyanovsk). In total, there were four models in the Martorelli lineup, of which the UAZ-Explorer with the native gasoline UMP-451M (2,500 cm3, 75 hp) was considered the most affordable car. The rest are UAZ-Marathon with a Peugeot XD2 diesel engine (2,500 cm3, 76 hp), UAZ-Dakar with a Vittorio Martorelli VM turbodiesel (2,400 cm3, 100 hp), UAZ-Racing with gasoline engine FIAT (2000 cm3, 112 hp) - were much more expensive.
For 26 years of fruitful cooperation of the enterprising Martorelli brothers with the Ulyanovsk plant in Southern Europe, more than 6.6 thousand modified UAZs were sold, some of which were brought to Russia in the early 90s as products foreign production.
UAZ-3907 "Jaguar"
Production: UAZ.
Show: 1983 year.
The amphibious vehicle UAZ-3907 "Jaguar", which was awarded a state prize in 1983, based on the model 469, amazed the imagination during tests conducted since 1980. He was able to move on water at a speed of 8-10 km / h, sail with twenty-one people on board (by design, the salon was designed for seven), turn on the water without a water rudder (using the front wheels), move on land at a speed 100 km / h, work at temperatures with a huge interval (from + 45 ° to -47 °), tow a trailer weighing up to 0.75 t ... And despite the increased weight, have excellent cross-country ability due to the flat bottom. With all this, the "Jaguar" looked like an ordinary car. off-road, and not a cross between a motor boat and a representative of the wheeled dynasty.
Since 1986, under a separate agreement with the KGB for border guards, the development of a modification with the installation of six pairs of skis has begun, which also showed excellent results during tests. Only the end was sad in this whole story. In 1990, due to the lack of the promised funding, the project was curtailed. In total, 14 unique amphibians were born.
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UAZ-31512 TRUCK LLD
Production:"LLD-auto", Moscow.
Start of release: 1994 year.
In 1993, visitors to the Moscow international motor show saw cars that were immediately dubbed "Russian Martorelli". These were UAZ-31512s, trained at the first private car plant in Russia, organized by the Larin brothers and their friends. The level of the work done, as a result of which the Ulyanovsk "cross-country rovers" were noticeably transformed, was at a height, moreover, the bulk of all the materials used were of domestic production.
However, more interest was attracted by the model of the same company, which was presented a year later at the same place. We are talking about a four-seat pickup truck UAZ-31512 TRUCK LLD. Its creators had to do the following: increase the base of a conventional UAZ by 650 mm, increase in the rear side panels, add one root sheet to the packages of rear springs, and make the rear wall of the cab vertical (made of plastic).
The result is an attractive pickup truck with a 2 + 2 landing formula (as indicated by the manufacturer) and a 1.7 meter long cargo platform that can accommodate 2.5 cubic meters of cargo. Unfortunately, everything related to the brakes, components and assemblies of the chassis was not changed or replaced with a more suitable one, although it was possible. The reason for such a strange move was the high cost of the cars due to the fact that initially UAZs were purchased not at the enterprise in Ulyanovsk itself, but from ordinary dealers who increased the price well.
During the peak period (1994-1995), the LLD-auto enterprise produced up to 40 cars a month, but in the second half of the 90s, the demand for modified UAZs began to fall sharply, and ultimately the first private car plant ceased to exist.
ShZSA-3939
Manufacturer: JSC "ShZSA", Shumerlya (Chuvashia).
Start of release: 1994 year.
With the transition to a market economy, the newly formed states were swept by a wave of crime. Organized gangsters were haunted by the cash flows of individuals, companies and enterprises. Raids have become more frequent on places where a large amount of cash has accumulated at a certain time. But attacks on cash collectors, who at that time still had ordinary cars, were especially popular. This situation could not last long - specialized vehicles equipped with armor were required.
The first attempt to create an armored car on their own carried out by the Shumerlinsky plant of special vehicles, presenting the model 3939 to the public. The basis for the armored car was the UAZ 31512, which together with the "plant of corps" made clothes designed to protect valuable contents. The body was redrawn from start to finish; only the bevel of the lower part on the driver's door makes it related to the UAZ.
Contrary to the beliefs of many, only the cargo-passenger compartment, and not the entire car, was made of high-strength armor plate in ShZSA-3939. The hood stylized under the armor was made in order to scare away lovers of easy money from a distance.
There is little information about ShZSA-3939. It is known that production continued in the second half of the nineties, most of the produced cars have already gone out of use and are "laid up" in the yards. Some copies were converted for military operations for military operations in Chechnya, and anyone can see the armored car with their own eyes - it stands as a monument in front of the building of the Rosinkas association in Volgograd.
US - UAZ 469 "Huntsman"
Production: NAMI, Moscow.
Show: 1998 year.
What could be more passable than a UAZ? Only UAZ on tires low pressure! After all, as you know, large and soft wheels provide the maximum area of adhesion to the surface. "Jaeger" is one of the many versions of the UAZ with such a chassis.
Its design was based on the serial UAZ 469 with enlarged wheel arches, additional sills and gear tires with ultra-low pressure produced by NPF TREKOL, slightly modified in NAMI. The Ulyanovsk SUV was chosen for the role of the main donor for a reason.
Its chassis design required the least rework, which saves time and money. A year later, the all-terrain vehicle, prepared for driving on soft ground, wetlands, virgin snow, as well as overcoming water obstacles by swimming, was shown to the public. A year later, NPF TREKOL presented an independent, but very similar development in this direction - TREKOL 39041, which is also based on a serial UAZ. The production of the car continues to this day.
UAZ-3159 "Bars"
Production: UAZ.
Start of release: 1999 year.
"Land Rover has become expensive and prestigious, Gelenevagen too. And why is the UAZ worse?" - thought at the plant and made a long-wheelbase modification of the UAZ-3153. A little later, its "luxury" modification - "Bars" appeared.
In order to make a competitive car out of the new model, the stretched body was endowed with plastic linings, footboards were installed under the thresholds, the vents were made sliding, the rear door was hinged, a sunroof was cut into the roof ... and these are only visible changes.
A new generation 16-valve engine - ZMZ-409 with electronic fuel injection was installed under the hood. Due to the use of gear axles, combined with the front spring and rear small leaf spring suspension, it was possible to increase by 80 mm ground clearance and 165 mm track. In addition, the UAZ was equipped with a power steering and five-speed gearbox gear.
The only thing that spoiled the whole thing was the interior, which, despite attempts to improve it, remained terrible (hard molded plastic, fabric upholstery of door panels, etc.). In addition, the parts were constantly falling off. It was not possible to grow "Gelik" out of UAZ. In the nine years that Bars was in production program Ulyanovsk plant, only 10 thousand long wheelbase specimens found their owners.
UAZ-3150 "Shalun"
Production: UAZ.
Show: 1999 year.
Although "Naughty" did not become a serial, he managed to light up in one of the unofficial modifications to the game GTA: San Andreas
If there is a long wheelbase version, then there must be a short wheelbase! If you are trying to please customers who are thirsty for solidity, then you can try to "reach out" to young people ... Obviously, this logic was guided at UAZ.
"Shalun" is an open "sports and entertainment" version of the UAZ-31512 with a base reduced by 380 mm, equipped with powerful chrome-plated safety arches, an easily removable awning and four comfortable seats. It was proposed to install two engines under its hood: UMZ-4213.10 (2.9 liters) and ZMZ-409 (2.7 liters), capable of giving the car good dynamics (compared to serial models).
However, getting rid of extra centimeters and kilograms had a positive effect not only on maximum speed and acceleration time, as a result of these changes, the SUV has improved maneuverability and cross-country ability. Along with the civilian version, an army version was presented, the bottom and engine of which were covered with armor plates.
Alas, at the time of the premiere, the consumer market was not ready for the appearance of a domestic competitor to the American Jeep Wrangler, which, in principle, is not very popular in Russia. In total, six copies of the shortened UAZ with an open top were collected, five of which were sold.
Scorpio-1
Production: Corporation "Protection".
Start of release: 2003 year.
The fact that the UAZ 469 was developed first of all for the army was never a secret. For many years, this car was the main commander's transport on the territory of the USSR, and then the entire post-Soviet space. To say that the car is outdated is to say nothing.
However, making major design changes on a production scale is not easy - it takes years and a lot of investment. As a result, smaller enterprises were in a hurry, including the Zashchita corporation with its Scorpion-1 project. Taking a quick glance at their car, it is not possible to see something strange - an ordinary UAZ 31512, perhaps a three-door. And looking closely ...
In order to solve the problem of lack of free space, the body of the SUV was expanded by cutting along and welding a 270 mm insert. We worked on the "Barsovskie bridges" in order to increase the track. Got rid of rear doors but widened the front ones. The result is a unique car that surpasses the serial UAZ in terms of the possibility of additional equipment (hidden booking, installation of large-caliber rifle automatic guns) without loss of space for personnel.
It is difficult to verify the veracity of this, although the likelihood that such a test could have taken place and the UAZ showed good results still exists. Even so, the track was and will remain more efficient than any wheel (except for low pressure wheels) in tough climates and conditions.
Associate professor of the department "Automobiles and tractors" of the Nizhny Novgorod State Technical University A. Anikin, who in 2003 created the Ukhtysh snow and swamp-going vehicle on a caterpillar track, was well aware of this.
The design is a sealed steel body with UAZ units, on which a body was installed, cut along just below the fracture line of the body panels. The salon visually remained unchanged with the exception of the horned steering wheel in place of the steering wheel.
The Ukhtysh did not become a mass production, but the design was generally recognized as very successful and successful, and for several more years the car was assembled at the All-Terrain Vehicle Plant and sold at a price of 1 million rubles.
The result was an all-terrain vehicle for the transfer of personnel, whose upper component not only adorned the most massive Soviet all-wheel drive truck, but also allowed the people sitting inside to feel much more comfortable than in the side body.
Roman's first car from the Komi Republic was a BMW 5-Series, but having driven it for exactly a year, he decided to sell it. The thing is that such a car was not very suitable for the harsh northern conditions, where there is a lot of snow and little quality paved roads. For the harsh climate, an all-wheel drive SUV was needed! So Roman's choice fell on our domestic all-wheel drive SUV UAZ.
While serving in the army, Roman already had experience with the UAZ. In the car, he liked its reliability and cross-country ability. It was for this reason that he began to look for a car precisely old model on military bridges, but with a living body. The search for the donor took about a year. In 2009, Roman managed to find a UAZ 417, produced in 1993 with reducer axles, albeit with a slightly dented, but lively body. And the goal was a bright expeditionary on large wheels, on which you can ride anywhere and not be afraid of either snow or bad roads.
“There were, of course, problems with the engine, axles and brakes. For the first six months he brought it to working condition "- says Roman.
Having driven the UAZ for a year and a half in a stock state off-road, the author of the project decided to add even more cross-country ability to the SUV. It all started with the installation of 33-inch wheels (over time, they were replaced by 38th). And it started that Roman was already unstoppable. Today he uses his expeditionary for hunting, fishing, tourism and travel in the Subpolar Urals.
“At first I just wanted to raise off-road qualities auto: put 33 tires and a small lift "- Roman shares.
Having installed 33-inch wheels, and having driven on an SUV, Roman decided to freshen up the body a little: he disassembled, straightened, putty and covered with soil. For a long time our today's hero could not decide on the color of the body, but settled on a bright orange color.
For contrast, black plastic trims were added to some parts of the body: snorkel, moldings, armrests, door pillars, hinge covers, radiator, tailgate and door trim, spoiler, deflector. Front power bumper RIF new model. For beauty, 2 tank headlights were installed high beam FG-126, in which xenon kits 5000K were introduced.
“Many are opponents of plastic at UAZ. Of course, as anyone, but I really like to change the external and internal design of my UAZ with the help of parts from this material "- Roman shares.
UAZ is used both for everyday city driving and off-road driving. Roman's own low-power engine did not suit him, and he decided to find another one. Initially, he wanted to install Japanese diesel engine, but after thinking several times, his choice fell on the ZMZ 409 - a 2.7-liter petrol unit with a capacity of 150 hp.
The most interesting moment was the introduction of the engine from the later modified UAZ models, since Roman had no experience with the 409th engine. He had to completely change all the electrical wiring, digest all the internal combustion engine and gearbox mountings, lay fuel line... Despite all the difficulties, the author of the project was satisfied with his choice. At the same time, the old gearbox was replaced with a new five-speed one from ADS, and gears from 3.3 were supplied to the transfer case.
The UAZ frame was not ignored either. It took more than a week to clean and paint it. As soon as it came to joining the frame with the body, new sets of pillows and a 60 mm lift body were put on it. Then there was a new exhaust, a tank of 100 liters and a power steering. Both axles were fitted with automatic locks and disc brakes. The suspension has also undergone changes. All springs were completely replaced with 3-leaf springs from the Eurobuckle, and GAZ 53 shock absorbers were also added.
As befits any expeditionary, the car from our today's story is equipped with a snorkel, a winch, a chandelier, a trunk on top, a diagnostic trip computer Multitronics MPC-800 and HELLA work lights (rear trunk).
“The first exit in our small town was a sensation, many people approached, took interest and took pictures with the UAZ. until now, some pedestrians, turning around, see him off. "- Roman shares.
Roman's plans include revision of the interior, but he has not yet decided on this, and alteration of doors and doorways: from a 5-door to a 3-door. There were no difficulties in the implementation of the project, all alterations took place as usual scheduled repair by the hands of the author of the project in his own garage.
“Last summer we tried to scout the road to Lake Haimato. We didn't get there a little, the July snow prevented. Then we drove about 100 km from the settlement, which by local standards is very far on wheeled vehicles "- says the author of the project.
People called this Russian SUV "loaf" for its unattractive appearance. However, even with such an outdated design, the vehicle has a high cross-country ability. The motor works flawlessly, it breaks down very rarely. Today, as before, it is produced by the Ulyanovsk Automobile Plant.
The main customers of the Loaf are:
- Ambulance,
- Timber industry,
- Agriculture.
Of course, the difficult conditions in which the car will have to work forced manufacturers to produce models with increased characteristics. Of course, this is not required for urban conditions, but for rural areas, you simply cannot do without increased cross-country ability.
Autumn or spring will come, the roads will turn into an impenetrable swamp. Only a "loaf" is capable of working in such extreme conditions.
What wheels are installed on the UAZ
At the factory, the car is fitted with 225/75 R16 wheels. In previous years, the car was equipped with 235 / 74R15 wheels. The rim diameter for any type of wheel size should be within the range of 29-33 inches. If you set just such dimensions, you do not need to change the design of the car. The steel plate mount should measure 5 × 139.7.
Some owners installed R17 tires with low profile tires. Today on the market you can buy any car tires, so this practice is no longer used today.
When vehicle overloaded, the suspension is under maximum pressure. Sometimes even a normal tire starts to touch the wheel arch. This situation has no negative effect. The rubber remains intact.
Imported rubber
A sufficiently large number of foreign-made wheels can be installed on the UAZ. Approximately 30 types are suitable for standard installation. Their cost ranges from 5 to 13 thousand rubles.
The most suitable in terms of price and quality can be called Bridgestone wheels 694 with dimensions 235/70 R16. This tire is designed for asphalt roads and is not suitable for off-road driving. It is being sold for 7.5 thousand rubles.
For tires intended for driving on rural roads, you will have to pay 9 thousand rubles. The most suitable for such a purpose is considered Dunlop model MT2 measuring 225/75 R16.
You can ride it on wet clay and complete off-road. The wheels are self-cleaning. They can also be used on asphalt roads. The only drawback is the increased noise level. You will have to pay 7.8 thousand rubles for one wheel. Are a little more expensive Winter tires with the same dimensions (8-14 tons).
UAZ Patriot
The industry produces several types of rubber for this machine:
- Universal - refers to the all-season group.
- Mud - designed for driving on Russian off-road.
- Extreme - designed for driving on terrain where there are no roads at all.
- Winter - for driving on bare ice and icy roads.
- Plain - factory rubber... It can be operated in urban areas.
Many owners strive to make it appearance Patriot more attractive. They start tuning. In such cases, you can supply wheels from other manufacturers if their dimensions completely coincide with the factory ones:
- 245/75 R16 = 30.5 × 9.5 R16;
- 265/70 R16 = 30.5 × 10.5 R16.
In the case of extreme driving, the tires on the UAZ can be supplied in the following sizes:
- 320/70 R15 = 33 × 12.5 R15,
- 320/80 R15 = 35 × 12.5 R15.
It is very important to maintain proportionality between the height of the arch and the dimensions of the wheel. If you set very big wheels, then the car will take on a very unattractive look. They will begin to take out the wheel arch liners, rub constantly, and will put pressure on the frame. This should not be allowed.
Absolutely no one would argue that the UAZ on large wheels looks much more spectacular than its factory counterpart. In addition, the glory of not very reliable cars has been fixed for the Ulyanovsk SUVs for a long time, but this is more than offset by the significant cheapness of spare parts and components. But the integration of larger-diameter discs is always combined with multifaceted tuning that can transform the already essential functionality of this car.
It is especially popular among fans of off-road conquest. To realize this on their own, first of all, it is required to integrate spacers between the body and the frame, which can be embodied, for example, with hockey washers, which are installed on all 12 mounting bolts, 2 pieces per bolt.
You will also need to replace the spring earrings with longer analogs from the Gazelle. The installation process itself is quite simple and does not take too much time, and it will also allow you to implement the 35th wheel without any problems. These installations will increase the jeep's clearance by 10 cm, and this will lead to an improvement in the vehicle's cross-country ability and the protection of its many structural units.
Of course, the idea of integrating washers is absolutely not new, and it can be applied to any car. However, in addition to these elements, there are also branded imported body lift kits on the market, which are estimated at around 200 US dollars. Many may argue that it makes no sense to throw that kind of money down the drain, but this is not entirely true. Factory kits are made of special plastic, undergo mandatory certification and testing, they are resistant to heat, shock and vibration, but nothing specific can be said about the washers. In any case, the choice remains with the car owner himself.
Generally, an elevator suspension UAZ possesses positive and negative sides. The main advantage of this revision is the ability to improve the geometric cross-country ability of the SUV and install larger rims. However, at the same time, there is an increase in the angles of the gimbal crosses, which begin to work at a break, therefore, one cannot be limited to one suspension lift.
For the embodiment of the UAZ SUV on large wheels, there are several options for lifting the suspension. The simplest of them is the above method with the integration of longer spring shackles, various spacers, as well as the possibility of springing the springs. In the first option, it is necessary not to overdo it with the length of the earrings, as this can lead to a deterioration in handling and a change in the suspension operation not for the better.
The choice of discs and tires for the UAZ 469 is the most important factor affecting ride comfort and safety. In general, the wheels for such SUVs do not differ in any design features and similar to other brands domestic cars... Consider the main parameters rims UAZ 469, 31512, 31514, 31519, 3153, Bars, Hunter.
The standard indicators for mounting discs are as follows:
Reaming 5 * 139.7, where 5 is the number of holes on a diameter of 139.7 mm.
DIA must be at least standard (108 mm), otherwise the wheel will not fit on the hub.
When choosing tires and wheels for tuning UAZ 469, it is important to consider the following:
The width of the tire must be matched to the width of the rim, as a rule, this information is indicated by the tire manufacturer on the tire itself, accompanied by the inscription: "recommend size for disc 15/8".
The offset of the disc is selected in such a way that the wheel during the articulation of the suspension, as well as the extreme positions of the steering wheel, does not come into contact with the body elements and the vehicle's transmission.
Let's consider in more detail the standard sizes of wheels for UAZ Hunter, 469.
1. Standard wheels:
215/90 R15; 225/70 R16
If the car is not planned for global alterations, but you just want to get away from standard disks to more reliable, then in the line of ODS discs there are the following sizes:
Wheels fit to them:
235/75 R15; 245/70 R16; 30 / 9.5 R15
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2. To increase the wheels up to 31-32 inches, it is necessary to install a minimum suspension or body lift, change the offset of the off-road disk for UAZ Hunter towards negative:
31x10.5 R15; 245/75 R16; 255/70 R15; 255/70 R16
The angle of inclination of the pivots of the UAZ Hunter is designed only for standard departure, usage negative departure will lead to rapid wear of the pins. However, uazovody often use the old-style kingpin on the bushings or the kingpin and liners of the Altai company Vaxoil, which allow them to cope with the indicated loads.
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3. Next stage- installation of a body lift 2 "and higher, transition to 33" wheels.
Off-road wheels for UAZ Hunter:
265/75 R16; 33 / 10.5 R15; 285/75 R16; 33 / 12.5 R15
At this stage, many Hunter owners stop, the car copes with the tasks of hunting, fishing and expeditions - where not only a single puzater will not reach, but also the owner of the same pepelats, only not prepared.
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4. Further tuning - building 469 for specific off-road tasks. To install 35 rubber, it is necessary to carry out a number of works, in particular: body lift from 5 cm, suspension lift, usually 6 cm front suspension, 6-8 cm rear suspension... For such customers, there are many types, sizes of rubber, we will focus only on disks off road wheels for UAZ.
