Science and technology does not stand still. Sometimes scientists create simply unique, incredible things that surprise and fascinate at the same time.
Transportation corporations in a number of countries have created incredible - unusually large buses. Sluggish, hefty cars can hardly fit on narrow streets, but they have no price on wide avenues and boulevards of cities with modern infrastructure, as well as on suburban routes.
The longest buses in the world are made of two or three parts, articulated with accordions. The maximum speed of such machines is up to 90 km / h, which are achieved with the help of powerful diesel engines. And they can transport up to 350 people at a time.
Neoplan Jumbocruiser (1972-1992) - 18 meters
It is the only double-decker bus ever made in Germany. It has 103 passenger seat and he's a Guinness World Record holder.
Ikarus 286 (1980-1988) - 18.3 meters
karus 286 - Special version the famous Hungarian bus, which was assembled in the USA. It is 2 meters longer than our usual "accordion", and has a chrome "American" bumper.
MAZ-215.069 (2011) - 18.75 meters
The bus of Minsk specialists is designed for 176 passengers who enter and leave through five doors. The use of foreign components ensures high reliability and quality of the car: diesel engine Mercedes-Benz OM926 with 326 hp, 6-speed automatic transmission ZF gears, ZF power steering, Knorr-Bremse brakes. The applied technologies ensure the environmental friendliness of the car at the Euro-5 + level.
Mercedes-Benz Citaro "CapaCity L" (2014) - 21 meters
This model, like other Mercedes-Benz buses, carries passengers in many countries around the world. Along with diesel and gas engines, eco-friendly hybrid versions are available: with hydrogen fuel cells, as well as a bus with an electric motor, rechargeable battery, and a function of energy recovery during braking.
Ikarus 293 (1988) - 22.7 meters
The Hungarian three-link machine, after an unsuccessful trial operation, was not put into series. Small consignments were delivered to Tehran and Cuba. The bus weighing 33 tons accelerated to 70 km / h, and its capacity was 229 people.
The name "Ikarus" became a bus trademark after the Uri brothers' car and bus company was merged with the Ikarus Gép és Fémgyár Rt. In the name of the latter "Ikarus" comes from the name of the mythical character Icarus. The origin of the name of the Serbian bus company Ikarbus is similar.
Van Hool AGG 300 - 24.8 meters
200-seater Van Hool buses carry passengers across Holland, Belgium and even distant Angola. Youngman buses JNP6250G will be served by passenger transport company Bus Rapid Transit in Beijing and Hangzhou, where the demand for efficient public transport especially large, since most of the population lives within the city.
The bus consists of three sections, which are connected by accordion passages. With such large dimensions, this design provides the Youngman JNP6250G with high maneuverability - a turning radius of no more than 12 meters, which is standard for most buses. The maximum speed of the car is 80 km / h - this bus is also not inferior to most other models.
Youngman Bus JNP6250G - 25 meters
This Chinese bus has 290 seats, of which 40 are seated. Fleets of such cars carry passengers in the metropolitan areas of Beijing and Hangzhou.
Neobus Mega BRT (2011) - 28 meters
The Brazilian city of Curitiba is the earliest successful example of a “high speed bus” transport system. High-capacity vehicles such as the Neobus Mega BRT run along dedicated lanes on the wide avenues of this South American city.
The Neobus models have been developed with the support of the Swedish bus specialists Scania and Volvo. The bus runs on environmentally friendly 100% biofuel. Train-like doors allow large numbers of passengers to move quickly.
Göppel AutoTram Extra Grand (2012) - 30.73 meters
The bus project was developed within the walls of the Fraunhofer Institute to solve the transport problem of European cities. It runs on fuel-efficient hybrid electric motors - like a mini-sub on city streets. Special computer system helps the driver to drive a three-link bus like a small bus.
The Göppel AutoTram Extra Grand has successfully debuted on the streets of Dresden, Germany, where it carries 258 passengers. Beijing and Shanghai have already ordered such machines.
DAF SuperCityTrain - 32.2 meters
It turns out that buses can be not only boring and boring, but also bright and stylish. We have collected in this review the most unusual buses from around the world.
1.GM Futurliner
The company produced only twelve GM Futurliner buses in the 1930s and 1950s. These buses were intended for a motor rally across the United States, which was called the Progress Parade. Then a huge number of people were able to ride these buses.
Today, only 9 GM Futurliners have survived. And two years ago, one of these buses was presented as a lot at an auction. It was sold for $ 4 million. The 1950 bus was put up for auction by Ron Preitt. Interestingly, the vehicle was purchased by him in 2006 for the same money.
2. Viberti Monotral Golden Dolphin
Unlike the GM Futurliner, the Golden Dolphin was the only bus in its class. In 1956, it made its debut at the Geneva Motor Show.
This vehicle amazed not only with its design and panoramic windows, but also with a powerful 400 Horse power... The maximum speed that Golden Dolphin could reach is 200 km / h.
3. ZiS-127
ZiS-127 is the first bus designed and manufactured in the USSR. It was intended for intercity flights, mainly over long distances (for example, Moscow-Simferopol and Moscow-Riga). The release of this vehicle went from 1955 to 1961.
The bus was equipped with corrugated sides made of aluminum and many chrome-plated parts, so popular in the automotive industry at that time. There could be 32 passengers in the vehicle compartment at the same time. Chairs are equipped with reclining backs for convenience. In addition, the first Soviet bus had heating, lighting, a ventilation system and a thermometer with a clock.
Vehicle had two spacious luggage compartments. The driver had his own fan and the devices needed to control the trip.
Overall dimensions of the ZiS-127:
* wheelbase -5600 mm;
* body length - 10 220 mm;
* width - 2680 mm;
* height - 3060 mm.
Soviet ZiS-127 worked on diesel fuel... A 6-cylinder was used for this model. two-stroke engine... Only 851 copies were produced.
4. Mercedes-Benz Lo 3100 Stromlinuen-Omnibus
This bus was developed on a chassis from a diesel truck in 1934. It was assumed that the Lo 3100 will be used on the actively developing autobahns. But the bus never entered mass production. In addition to a panoramic roof and a streamliner body, the bus also had side windows that could be lowered.
5. AEC Routemaster
This bus, along with Trafalgar Square and the Tower of London, is the symbol of the British capital. It's almost impossible to imagine London without the classic Routemaster. Its release took place in 1954. The AEC company was engaged in this. The AEC Routemaster was directly in operation from February 8, 1956 to December 9, 2005. The first copies replaced trolleybuses, and the next ones replaced the old bus models.
A special feature of this vehicle is the open rear platform, which served as an entrance. The AEC Routemaster had no doors. Several hundred of these buses have survived today.
6. Citroen U55 Cityrama Currus
He managed to excel in the 50s. and the Parisian tour operator Groupe Cityrama, who ordered a 2-story futuristic bus from Currus. Final result surprised everyone. This model is based on the Citroen U55 chassis (cargo), on which a two-story body was later installed.
The huge glazing area, together with the open roof, made it ideal for tourist trips and short-term sightseeing tours. And tourists were undoubtedly attracted by the original design of this vehicle. Only 3 of these buses were produced.
7. Bedford VAL14 Plaxton Panorama C52F
The production of these buses was carried out from 65th to 68th. It had two distinctive features: air conditioning and a non-standard positioned third axle.
Due to the unique design, it was possible to place the passenger door directly in front of the front axle. Until the mid-80s. these buses have been successfully used on international routes. At the time of completion of production of the Bedford VAL14 Plaxton Panorama C52F, more than 2,000 copies had been produced.
8. LAZ Ukraine-1
It was this bus that conquered the audience in the world-famous film "Queen of the Gas Station". It was produced by the Lviv Automobile Plant.
The LAZ Ukraine-1 bus, released in the 61st year, impressed with its streamlined body elements and wide windshield. The cabin has 36 passenger seats with an individual lighting system. In addition, a V-engine (150 horsepower) was used for the first time in this vehicle.
Overall dimensions of LAZ:
* wheelbase -4700 mm;
* length - 10,000 mm;
* width - 2500 mm;
* height - 2720 mm.
9. Peacemaker
This bus appeared thanks to the creators of the General American Aerocoach of the 49th year in the back of the GMC Scenicruiser of the 55th year. As a result, they managed to create an incredible three-story mobile home. Only 2 copies were released.
Today, only one of them is on the move and can be taken on a tour of the United States.
10. Ikarus 55 Lux
For its futuristic appearance, the Ikarus bus received the nickname “Cigar”.
The legendary bus mesmerized with its silhouette. It was Ikarus that was the main bus that was operated on the territory. It was used both on intercity flights and on international tourist routes. From 1955 to 1972, the USSR purchased 3,762 vehicles.
11. Neoplan Jumbocruiser
The debut of this bus took place in 1975. At that time it was considered a giant: 4 axles, body length 18 meters, height - 4 meters. The Neoplan Jumbocruiser cabin could accommodate up to 144 seats (theoretically).
This bus was produced until 1993. For all the time, only 11 copies were built, due to the high cost of the vehicle.
And some more buses of original design. It is simply impossible not to pay attention to them!
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The length of the mobile home is 15 meters, but at the same time it is equipped with a full-fledged kitchen (by the way, not every one of us has this in our home), a bedroom, a toilet and a bathroom, and even a garage!
The kitchen has everything you need - a large refrigerator that can hold a fairly large supply of food for long journeys, a freezer, a dishwasher, a hob and a microwave. In addition, the kitchen provides just a huge number of all kinds of drawers and shelves for storing dishes and food, which also creates a homely atmosphere. Kitchen decoration - ceramic tiles.
The bedroom and also the living room is a huge folding leather sofa that turns into a chic double bed. The furniture has a built-in large plasma TV and a stereo Entertainment Surround System. It should be noted that the most luxurious and expensive materials are used for finishing furniture, walls and ceilings in the bus - natural wood, stone, crystal, leather.
The creators of the bus also took care of sanitation - the mobile home is equipped with an 800-liter drinking water tank, a 600-liter wastewater tank and a 300-liter toilet tank.
The built-in garage located between the front and rear wheels of the bus deserves special attention. This garage will fit sport car with a low rise.
Unfortunately, such a motorhome is not available to everyone. Its cost with different filling can reach two million dollars. But, nevertheless, the manufacturers have no end of customers, even though the production time of the bus is 12 months.
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08.08.2013 at 18:08
On August 8, 1924, the first regular intracity bus route appeared in Moscow. On this occasion, we recall 10 outstanding models of buses that at different times traveled across the vastness of our homeland.
The lightest bus - PAZ 672
The PAZ 672 model, the production of which has been carried out for 15 years, since 1967, can be considered one of the lightest buses. Its curb weight was 4.5 tons, and its total weight reached 7 825 kg. True, this bus had only 23 seats.
The slowest bus is YaA-2
The slowest buses were at the dawn of this type of vehicle. In 1934, a prototype of the YaA-2 bus was developed. It was equipped with an American 6-cylinder engine, the volume of which was an impressive 8.2 liters, and the power reached 120 hp. However, despite the powerful power plant, the bus could not boast of a high speed, since its maximum value was only 48 km / h. Such a low figure can be explained by the body length record for those times (more than 11 m) and the heavy frame. At the same time, the bus was one of the most spacious (it could carry 100 passengers) and comfortable. The prototype did not go into production.
The weakest bus - ZIS 16
In the period from 1938 to 1941, one of the weakest buses in its class, ZiS 16, was produced. This shuttle vehicle was equipped with a 555 cm³ engine without turbocharging. The engine power was only 85 hp, so the bus with a partially wooden body and weighing 13 tons accelerated only to 65 km / h.
The most voracious bus - ZIS 154
Modern manufacturers are trying to create the most fuel efficient engines. However, in the middle of the last century, few people thought about it. For example, the Soviet bus ZiS 154, which was produced in the late 1940s, consumed 65 liters of diesel fuel per 100 kilometers. This bus was equipped with diesel engine YaAZ-204A with a working volume of 4.65 liters and a power of 110 hp. A route vehicle weighing more than 12 tons could accommodate only 34 passengers and was capable of transporting them at a maximum speed of 65 km / h.
The bus with the largest engine - LiAZ 5256
The model of the Likinsky bus plant LiAZ 5256 has been produced since 1986 for almost 20 years. This bus was equipped with one of the largest KamAZ 7408.10 engines with a volume of 10 850 cm³. The power of the unit was 195 hp, and maximum speed- modest 70 km / h.
The most economical bus - PAZ 4228
One of the most economical Russian buses was the prototype PAZ 4228, which was created in 1998. At that time Pavlovsky bus factory conducted active negotiations with foreign investors represented by the Swedes from Volvo Trucks. As a result, the domestic bus manufacturer purchased several engines, which were also equipped with the experimental PAZ 4228. Thanks to this cooperation, the experimental bus spent only 25 liters of fuel on the combined cycle to travel 100 km. For a city bus, this is a very good indicator.
The bus with the smallest engine - PAZ Real
The bus with the smallest engine is PAZ Real. This vehicle is a joint development of the Brazilian company Marcopolo and the domestic manufacturer GAZ Group. PAZ Real is not big bus for urban and suburban routes. Its dimensions can be called modest, as well as its capacity - only 22 seats. Development from Hyundai was used as a chassis, and the volume injection engine makes a modest 3 298 cm³.
The most powerful bus - LiAZ 52565
One of the most powerful shuttle buses is LiAZ 52565, which was produced in 2003. The vehicle was powered by a Cummins CG-250 gas fueled engine. The volume of the engine was 8.3 liters, and the power was 253 hp. However, despite such an impressive engine, the maximum speed of the bus was only 70 km / h.
Buses can be stylish as well as boring. I propose to take a look at 11 of the most unusual buses from around the world, at the sight of which you immediately want to ride them.
GM Futurliner
The General Motors Futurliner bus is rightfully considered one of the most unusual buses in the world. In just the 1930s and 1950s, GM built just 12 of these high-tech dream buses to tour North America, presenting its famous Progress Parade to millions of visitors who enjoyed demonstrations of cutting-edge science and technology, including this stunning giant.
Only 9 Futurliner buses have survived to this day. In 2015, one of the twelve buses became the most expensive lot - it was sold for $ 4 million. The 1950 General Motors Futurliner was put up for sale by private collector Ron Preitt, who acquired it in 2006 at the same auction for just over $ 4 million.
Viberti Monotral Golden Dolphin
Viberti Monotral Golden Dolphin was created in a single copy in 1956. The bus, built on the Lancia Esatau chassis, debuted at the Geneva Motor Show the same year. The unique exhibition specimen could boast not only an aerodynamic body with panoramic windows, but also gas turbine engine with a capacity of about 400 hp. With such a power unit, the Viberti Monotral Golden Dolphin could accelerate to 200 km / h.
Citroen U55 Cityrama Currus
In 1950, the Parisian tour operator Groupe Cityrama ordered Currus to produce a futuristic double-decker bus... In the end, it really turned out interesting car... At the heart of this wild-looking bus is the chassis of a Citroen U55 truck, on which Currus bodybuilders have perched a panoramic two-story body. An open roof, a huge glazing area, all this made for excellent sightseeing tours, and the futuristic design in aviation style certainly attracted tourists. In total, three of these Citroen U55 Cityrama Currus were produced.
Mercedes-Benz Lo 3100 Stromlinien-Omnibus
The bus was developed in 1934 on a diesel chassis truck Mercedes-Benz L 59 and was intended for operation on the autobahns that were actively under construction at that time, however, the Lo 3100 was never put into mass production. In addition to a streamliner body and a panoramic roof, the bus had side windows that could be lowered.
AEC Routemaster
The classic British double-decker Routemaster is one of the main symbols of London, and perhaps the most recognizable bus in the world. It was released in 1954 by AEC and operated in London from 8 February 1956 to 9 December 2005. The first Rootmasters have been used since 1959 as a replacement for trolleybuses. The following copies were produced to replace the older bus models.
The main feature of the bus that attracted passengers was the open platform at the back, through which the bus entered and exited. The bus had no doors. Today, hundreds of similar AEC Routemaster have survived in the world.
Bedford VAL14 Plaxton Panorama C52F
VAL14 Plaxton Panorama was produced from 1965 to 1968 and, in addition to the non-standard arrangement of the third axle - in front, could boast of the presence of an air conditioner. The design of the chassis allowed the entrance door to be positioned directly in front of the front axle. Such machines operated on intercity flights until the mid-1980s. Production of the series was completed in 1973, more than 2,000 copies of the Bedford VAL14 Plaxton Panorama C52F were produced.
ZiS-127
The first Soviet intercity bus ZiS-127 was produced in 1955-1961. Buses ZiS (ZiL) -127 operated mainly on long-distance routes: Tallinn - Leningrad, Moscow - Simferopol, Moscow - Riga, and also served passengers at the capital's airports. The design of the bus was striking with corrugated aluminum sides and an abundance of chrome-plated details in the style of popular American long-haul buses. In the ZiS-127 cabin, 32 semi-sleeping passenger seats with reclining backs were installed. The ZiS-127 salon was radio-equipped and equipped with ventilation, heating, lighting systems, a clock and a thermometer. An individual light source and fan were installed at each passenger seat. Nets for carry-on luggage were fixed above the seats, and two luggage compartments were made under the floor on both sides of the car, between which we placed fuel tank... The body was equipped with heating and ventilation systems, good lighting, and a radio installation. For the carriage of luggage, spacious luggage compartments are located under the floor of the body, well insulated from dust. The driver's cab has an individual fan and corresponding control devices. The length of the bus with a 5600 mm wheelbase was 10 220 mm. The width was 2680 mm, and the height at 270 mm ground clearance reached 3060 mm. As power unit ZIL-127 used a two-stroke six-cylinder diesel YM3-206D The engine was located at the rear and had a transverse arrangement. "King of the Roads", as the ZiS-127 was called at one time. A total of 851 such buses were produced.
LAZ Ukraine-1
The famous bus of the Lviv Automobile Plant, which conquered both foreign exhibitions and the Soviet audience in the film "Queen of the Gas Station". Released in a single copy in 1961, the prototype was equipped with a completely new body with streamlined front and rear parts, a large panoramic windshield, the latest V-shaped engine ZIL-130 with a capacity of 150 hp. (5МКП), air suspension, hydropneumatic brake drive and electro-pneumatic gearbox drive. The cabin was equipped with 36 comfortable aircraft-type seats with individual illumination. The dimensions of the bus are 10000x2500x2720 mm, the base is 4700 mm.
Ikarus 55 Lux
For its characteristic futuristic appearance, the bus was nicknamed "Cigar", "Sputnik", "Rocket" and even "Vacuum Cleaner", and the unusual shape of the stern was often called "chest of drawers". The swift silhouette of the legendary Hungarian model Ikarus 55 Lux literally mesmerized domestic passengers and drivers. This car was the main bus operated in the Union on intercity, international and tourist routes until the 80s: from 1955 to 1972 The Soviet Union 3762 copies of Ikarus 55 of various modifications were purchased. Ikarus 55 Lux buses were considered very reliable and passed over a million km without overhaul.
Neoplan jumbocruiser
The Neoplan Jumbocruiser double-decker bus debuted in 1975. At that time, it was considered the largest bus in the world. It had four axles, a body 18 meters long and 4 meters high, and inside theoretically it could be up to 144 seating(in reality the most roomy bus had 110 seats). The Neoplan Jumbocruiser was produced until 1993. The bus was very expensive (the price was about 1,100,000 German marks) and therefore, over all the years, only 11 cars were built, of which only one with a rear engine layout (the remaining 10 with a mid-engine layout).
Peacemaker
This bus was built by the creators by connecting a 1949 General American Aerocoach chassis with a 1955 GMC Scenicruiser body. The result is a stunning three-story mobile home. In total, two such buses were built. Currently, only one Peacemaker is on the move and does a big tour of America every year.
