Reference book of standard sizes of tires and disks. Light disks. Decoding of tire markings

In order to choose the right tires for the disks, you need to know certain parameters, failure to adhere to which will seriously worsen the car's behavior on the road. Since the tire is put on the rim of the rim, the width of the profile must be proportional to it. Immediately, we note that, despite the tuning widespread in recent years, automakers categorically do not recommend it. After all, if the sizes of disks and tires are very different, then the contact patch will not be even, which means that the control may get out of control.

In general, the question of matching tires and disks can be viewed from two sides. The first is the selection of tires and wheels based on the manufacturer's recommendations, and the second is this fitment. Fitment is the study of the fit of the tire on the rim and the position of the wheels in relation to the wheel arches, which includes negative camber, low landing and other delights that we will not talk about, since we consider it more important to tell how to choose the right one from the point of view of safety and comfort tires to disks.

In order to choose the right tires for the rims, you need to know the labeling of the rims.

Ideally, that is, to be sure of safety, PCD disc(the diameter of the circle of the centers of the mounting holes) must not be changed. In extreme cases, the dimensions of the rims and tires may not match at all, but then eccentric bolts are used for fastening, which allow you to install rims with a PCD of 100 mm on cars with a PCD of 98 mm. However, it is worth noting that the maximum difference in displacement should not exceed 2 mm, and ideally, the alignment of tires and disks should be one hundred percent.

The dimensions of the disks and tires must also match with their central hole, but if for certain reasons this is not possible, an adjusting ring will come to the rescue (it is also a spacer ring). The setting ring has an outer diameter equal to the diameter of the hole in the disc, and the inner diameter corresponds to the diameter of the car hub. If the setting ring is put correctly, then the running characteristics will not change. It should be noted that the discs do not have stamped locating rings. Install them only on.

The disc markings do not indicate the maximum load ( MAX LOAD), you can find out this parameter either in the passport that some manufacturers of domestic wheels attach to their products, or look for this information on the website of the wheel manufacturer. This information is not very important, as manufacturers usually make discs with a margin of safety. But, if for some reason you decide to put, say, on the jeep discs for passenger car, then the maximum disk load will be an important parameter. And if you do not take it into account, the wheel may not withstand the load and deform, even falling into a small hole.

In addition, even if the tire and wheel sizes are the same in all respects, there is still a risk that the wheel will not fit on the car. The reason for this is the so-called X-factor, when the disc rests against the suspension parts or the caliper, which is associated with the form of stamping or casting. Therefore, we recommend that you first try it on before mounting a tire on a wheel.

Correspondence table for the width of tires and rims

It will take no more than a few minutes to find the required position.

How to use the catalog of wheel rims by car make?

The site has an online tool for quick selection of products of interest. Wheel parameters by car make will be found after you specify in step-by-step mode:

• The model of car;
• year of its release;
• design differences or modification features.

Further, the system will automatically display information about the standard sizes of the disks by the car brand. You will be able to see not only the factory configuration, but also see suitable replacement options (if any). Thanks to this, even a person who is poorly familiar with the features of the machine can purchase a suitable kit.

In any case, before purchasing, read the information about the dimensions of the wheels by car model specified in the instructions for service and operation. If in doubt, consult with the specialists of the online store website or with the employees of the official dealer representative. Remember that deviations are unacceptable and will lead to either inability to use the purchased product or to problems with driving safety.

You can pick up alloy wheels by car online, purchase orders are also accepted by contact phones.

1. What needs to be done?

Choose the right rims for the existing car, along the way, having dealt with all the necessary parameters.

2. What parameters of the disk should be considered when purchasing?

Regardless of what kind of car you have, when choosing new wheels, you need to consider the following parameters:

• disk type;
• mounting (or landing) diameter;
• the number and diameter of the location of the mounting holes (PCD);
• disk width;
• disk departure (ET);
• diameter of the central (hub) hole;
• the shape of the mounting holes;
• the presence of humps.

Let's make a reservation right away: if by this moment you have lost the desire to deal with all these parameters, when choosing disks, simply use the selection service for a car in large online stores. There, you can simply indicate the model of your car and get discs that are guaranteed to fit it in all respects. Well, if the determination to find out everything is still with you, then let's get down to it.

3. Disk type - what they are

All discs by the type of manufacture are generally divided into three types: stamped, cast and forged. The question of choosing a specific type is a topic for a separate material, but here we will give the main differences.

Stamped discs- the cheapest: these are the same wheels that you see on basic trim levels budget cars, and they are usually covered with plastic decorative caps. They are made of steel and painted with enamel. Among their advantages, in addition to the lowest price, is high maintainability. The fact is that stamped discs do not break when struck, but crumple, and later they can be easily repaired. The main disadvantage such wheels - high weight and lack of design: this is a purely functional product.

Alloy wheels compete with the stamped ones in popularity. Such discs are made not of steel, but of a lighter alloy - usually aluminum. Thanks to the manufacturing technology, alloy wheels can have a wide variety of shapes, which, together with a lower weight than that of "stamps", makes them popular. Among the disadvantages of such wheels, we can mention the higher price and lower maintainability: alloy wheels with strong blow do not crumple, but crack. Of course, the technology of welding repair and rolling has long been mastered, but it is impossible to guarantee the preservation of the original properties after repair.

Forged wheels- the highest quality and most expensive option. They are manufactured by hot die forging, which provides the best internal metal structure and, accordingly, the highest strength at the lowest weight. The downside of this method is the low prevalence of products and the high price.

In addition to the above three types, there are also so-called prefabricated discs - but this is already exotic, and we will not touch on them. In general, for the average car owner, the choice is between inexpensive but boring stamped wheels and more expensive and beautiful alloy wheels.

4. Mounting (landing) diameter

It is quite obvious parameter: the diameter of the disc circumference in inches. Typically, it is designated with the letter R: that is, the R 17 disc is 17 inches in diameter.

Note especially: the letter R itself does not refer to the diameter and came from the tire parameters, where it is also mistakenly used in the meaning of "radius", in reality it means the rim diameter of the tire. In the case of the R tire, this is the marking of the radial structure of the cord, but for the disc, this marking is practically irrelevant. However, the erroneous "radius" in the meaning of "diameter" and the accompanying R are so ingrained into speech that most sellers and services for selecting disks are already used by default.

The permissible rim diameters for your car are indicated in the owner's manuals and on stickers in the doorways - along with the recommended tire pressures. When buying tires, it is worth remembering that their rim diameter must match the diameter of the rims.

It is not recommended to exceed the maximum diameter specified by the manufacturer: too large discs, in addition to potential geometric incompatibility, change the parameters of the suspension, affecting the wear of the chassis. In addition, the larger the disc and the lower the rubber profile, the less comfort promises to move on bad roads... However, changes in diameter within the limits specified in the manual, and even an inch in excess, usually go without significant consequences.

5. The number and diameter of the location of the mounting holes (PCD)

This is the so-called "bolt pattern": the number of holes and the diameter of the circle on which they are located (by the way, the English PCD is just the diameter of the circle, "Pitch Circle Diameter"). The number of fixing bolts can be different and increases with increasing mass and speed of the car: usually there are 4-6 of them, but there can be more or less (at least 3). Most VAZ cars have a bolt pattern of 4x98, with the exception of Oka (3x98) and Niva (5x139.7), as well as new models like Largus (4x100).

The looseness of the disc must be observed: although some discs - for example, 4x98 and 4x100 - seem to be interchangeable, this is not so. The seemingly insignificant 2 mm difference in the diameter of the circle on which the mounting holes lie will greatly affect the installation: only one of the four mounts will be correctly tightened, and the rest will be offset from the center, causing the wheel to run out. Part of the problem can be solved by using bolts with a "floating cone" (about them below), but in general, the use of discs with inappropriate bolt pattern should be avoided.

6. Disc width

This parameter is as simple as diameter: it is the width of the disc in inches. It is usually denoted by the letter J in the parameter list: for example, 5.5J is a disc with a width of five and a half inches.

The width of the disc, as a rule, is indicated in the same places as the permissible rim, along with it. except geometric parameters for a car, the width of the rim is also important when choosing tires: the tire is designed to be used with a rim of a certain width, but with some allowable error.

7. Drive out

The overhang of the disk is the distance from the mating plane of the disk attachment to the hub to the longitudinal axis of symmetry of the disk. Let's put it more simply: the central axis of symmetry is the line dividing the disc in half along the width described above, and the mating plane is the point where the disc touches the hub and is screwed to it.

The offset can be positive, zero and negative: if the axis of symmetry lies closer to the car than the mating plane, then the offset is positive, if they are on the same axis, then the offset is zero, and if the axis of symmetry is more distant from the car than the mating plane, then the offset is positive. ... In other words, the larger the offset, the deeper the disc sits in the wheel arch, and the smaller it is, the more the disc protrudes outward.

Departure is a rather important parameter: it also directly affects the operation of the suspension and wheel bearings. Incorrect overhang not only increases or decreases the track, but can also cause accelerated wear of the chassis and bearings.

8. Diameter of the central (hub) hole

The diameter of the center hole is a parameter that does not need additional explanation. It is usually referred to as "Dia", "DIA" or "D" in the disc specification sheet. This is also an extremely important indicator: if the central hole of the disc is less than required, the disc simply cannot be installed, and if it is larger, centering rings will be required to center the disc on the hub.

Many people mistakenly believe that when installed, a disc with a center hole that is too large will center itself on the hub by tightening the bolts, but this is not the case. Accordingly, runout and vibration that do not disappear after balancing the wheels is a reason to check the coincidence of the diameters of the central hole of the disc and the hub and the presence of centering rings, if necessary.

9. Shape of mounting holes

The shape of the mounting holes is important in terms of the type of bolts or nuts that will hold the disc. As a rule, bolts and nuts for stamped discs have only a slightly tapered plane that is adjacent to the disc when tightened, and the bolts are also noticeably shorter.

The latter is related to the minimum thickness of the stamped disc. The cast disc is noticeably thicker than the stamped one, and in addition, its mounting hole has a more pronounced conical shape, which requires the use of other fasteners. In addition to the tapered one, the seat of the mounting hole of some discs can be designed for the use of fasteners with a hemispherical and flat working part.

And one more thing: there are bolts with the so-called "floating cone": they allow to partially compensate for a slight discrepancy between the PCD disc and the required parameters. The working conical part of such bolts is made in the form of a separate ring, put on the bolt, and is displaced relative to the longitudinal axis of the bolt when tightened.

10. The presence of humps

Hump Are the protrusions on the outer surface of the rim that secure the tubeless tire to the rim. Remember the pops that are heard when a tire is inflated after being installed on a rim? This is the moment of "landing" of the tire: the bead ring of the tire sits between the hump and the rim of the disc. In fact, this indicator is indicated last in our material, because at present it is practically irrelevant: almost all modern disks are designed for installation tubeless tires and have humps.

However, if, for example, you decide to purchase old-fashioned retro wheels, keep in mind that they may well be designed for the installation of exclusively tube tires, without having any humps. However, tubeless tires can be installed on them, however, the issue of its tight fit, as well as safety while driving, will remain open: insufficient pressure in a tire, the risk of “taking off your shoes” in a corner will be very high.

When selecting discs, it is necessary to take into account the parameters and quality car drives... Rims and wheels in general are considered a very important part of the car, respectively. selection wheel rims must be accurate. Since well and correctly selected rims in the future will affect the level of contact of the car with the road surface, the smoothness of the ride and ease of control. In addition, from the choice of certain wheel rims the trajectory of the braking distance will depend. For accurate and correct selection disks for a car, it is imperative to know all the parameters of the disk. After all, only the right parameters will help you decide on the discs for your car, as well as significantly improve the aerodynamic qualities of the car and prevent premature rubber wear.

Select wheels by car brand

When selecting car drives it is necessary to take into account a number of fastening parameters, which include the center distance to the hub, the width of the rim, the diameter and density of the axial bore of the car rims. In order to independently determine all these parameters, you must have sufficient experience and skills, or spend time studying all this data and all kinds of nuances.

It has long been known that automobile wheels make up almost a quarter of the entire surface area of ​​a car. Therefore, it is not at all surprising that most car owners strive to give their car ambition and individuality, while trying to choose rims for a car, which will be the most suitable for the needs of motorists. Today, most car owners use cast wheel rims therefore, great demand creates supply. This variety of models on offer can make the selection process very difficult. That is why the correct selection of the parameters of car disks is considered necessary in order to make it possible to evaluate the whole picture as a whole.

Today, selling tires and alloy wheels is more of a matter of trust. Because considering a huge number of disc manufacturers and tires, buyers are often confused when choosing. Besides selection of wheel disks it is considered a rather complex process that requires certain knowledge and skills in this area, since the choice concerns both the load and other permissible parameters of the car.

For example, stamped car rims are considered the cheapest of all existing types of rims. That is why such models of rims are installed mainly on budget cars... In addition, it is these rims that are considered the most durable and practically indestructible. Therefore, unlike all other existing types of car wheels, only stamped rims do not unfold under a strong impact, but only bend. Stamped car rims are very easy to recover and then used further.

How to choose the right wheels for your car?

To do right choice and choose car rims correctly, in addition to knowing all the important parameters, it is necessary to distinguish between the types of disks. In addition to the cheapest stamped wheels, there are also alloy wheels, the main advantage of these light-alloy cast wheels their relative lightness is considered. Standard cast wheels, which are made of aluminum, are lighter than iron car rims by about a kilogram.

In addition, alloy wheels are almost completely resistant to corrosion, besides, the manufacturing technology of these wheels provides an excellent opportunity to give them absolutely any shape, and this is too important for design.

But you should not idealize alloy car wheels, because if an iron disk breaks down, it can be reanimated very easily, but if microcracks appear on a cast car disk or the disk simply cracks, unfortunately this cannot be corrected and restored.

In addition to stamped and cast car wheels, there are also forged wheels... This type of wheel rims is considered the same stamping, only hot. At the time of production of forged wheels, manufacturers use magnesium and aluminum alloys. Of all the existing types of car rims forged wheels are considered the lightest. The difference between forged wheels and alloy wheels is that cracks do not appear on them at the moment of impact, forged wheels simply bend, which is why they can always be repaired.

But if the motorist wants his car to look stylish, fashionable and beautifully forged wheels will not be a very suitable option.

Recently, stamped and forged car rims have been supplanted by alloy rims. Experts say that competent conduct selection of alloy wheels demonstrating your great sense of style. And it is simply impossible to argue with this, because the selection of rims is a necessary and important part for any car, moreover, it is part of the image component. Therefore, most modern owners cars do not economize at all on the purchase of high-quality rims and do the right thing.

Online store of tires and wheels "Dilijans" offers motorists a huge selection of high-quality car rims for different brands cars.