To refuel and service a domestic VAZ SUV, you need to know the refueling capacities of the VAZ 21213 Niva and its modifications VAZ 21214. You need to know some numbers as a keepsake, for example, the capacity of the tank and crankcase. The rest should be written down in a notepad, which is stored in the storage compartment of the passenger compartment. And no matter that you are not going to do maintenance of the car yourself, the specialists at the service station may also not know the filling volumes of your car.
Power unit
The engine installed on the modern car model Niva 21213 (214), she inherited from the Soviet progenitor - VAZ 2121, and in terms of the volume of liquids, they are almost identical:
- Liquid cooling system. It is filled with antifreeze in the amount of 10.7 liters with a freezing point not higher than -40 ° С. The capacity of the cabin heating radiator is also included in this volume.
- Crankcase. Engine oils are poured here, the brand of which depends on the operating conditions. Capacity - 3.75 L including oil filter filling.
The viscosity of the oil poured into the Niva engine must correspond temperature regime on the street in which the machine is operated. Possible modes and brands of oils suitable for them are indicated in the table:
When flushing power unit when changing the oil lubricant, the same amount of flushing oil (3.75 l) is used, taking into account the size of the filter. Replacement is carried out after 8-12 thousand kilometers, depending on the quality of the oil. Flushing is usually done after 3 changes. motor lubricant... During operation, it is important to monitor the oil level in the engine crankcase using a special dipstick. If the level has dropped below the Min marks, it is urgent to add grease of the same viscosity to the engine as it was filled in earlier.
Antifreeze should be renewed at least once every 3 years or according to the degree of deterioration of the fluid. It is not recommended to dilute antifreeze with distilled water either in winter or summer. In winter, the diluted fluid can freeze, and during the summer heat it can boil ahead of time, which will lead to overheating of the motor.
Transmission
The Niva 4x4 transmission system has the following filling volumes:
- transfer case - 0.79 l;
- gearbox - 1.6 l;
- rear axle - gearbox - 1.3 l;
- front axle - crankcase - 1.15 l;
- steering column - crankcase - 0.18-0.2 l.
As in the operation of the power unit, under various temperature conditions, transmission units and assemblies are filled with oils of different viscosities, which is reflected in the table:
As stated in the operating instructions, it is necessary to change transmission lubricants once every 30 thousand km. mileage. At the same time, no replacement is provided in the steering box crankcase, only an additive through the top plug. The "native" oil for the transmission units of the Zhiguli is the TAD17I brand.
Transmission oils have good penetrating properties. Therefore, poorly clamped plugs and worn out gaskets of the units begin to gradually leak grease. In such situations, it is permissible to add oil of the same viscosity grade and preferably from the same manufacturer. If you do not top up during a leak, the lubricant level in the unit will decrease, which will lead to accelerated wear of expensive mechanisms.
Other liquids and fuels and lubricants
Every car enthusiast should know the maximum amount of fuel for his car as a souvenir. Fuel tank VAZ 21213 has a capacity of 42 liters, including a reserve. Reserve refers to the amount of fuel remaining in the tank after the yellow warning lamp on the instrument panel comes on. The amount of the reserve is at least 5 liters. The car must be filled with gasoline, whose octane number lies in the range 91-93.
The car has a number of refueling tanks that the owner must monitor during operation:
- brake system with expansion tank, total capacity - 0.515 l;
- hydraulic clutch drive with expansion tank - 0.2 l;
- 2 plastic tanks with a volume of 2 liters each contain a supply of liquid for the windshield washer and rear window.
The clutch release actuator and brake system are filled with hydraulic brake fluid (the most popular is DOT-4). It should be changed at least after 3 years, because the liquid has the property of absorbing water vapor contained in the air. As a result, all steel parts of the system in contact with it begin to corrode, which leads to complete or partial brake failure.
If there is a leak in the clutch or brake system, the level in the expansion tanks will decrease and therefore require constant monitoring.
The level of the brake fluid in the tanks must be kept at least as high as the corresponding marks on the plastic body of the container.
Liquid or clean water for washing glasses is topped up if necessary, in winter time - an anti-freeze option is required. Otherwise, the ice will destroy not only the pipes, but also damage the electric pump.
Also, for maintenance and lubrication of the Niva, various thick lubricants are used:
- Litol - a composition for lubricating highly loaded bearing parts;
- SHRUS-4 - grease for the hinges of the front axle shafts and door opening stops;
- ShRB-4 is intended for processing ball pins of bearings and steering rods.
The list of refueling containers is useful for novice motorists who have bought a used car with a lost operating manual. The operation of such a car should just begin with the replacement of all fluids and oils.
FUEL VOLUMES
| Refillable system | Volume, l |
| Fuel tank (including reserve) | 42 (65*) |
| Engine cooling system (including interior heating system) | 10,7 |
| Engine lubrication system (including oil filter) | 3,75 |
| Transmission housing | 1,6 |
| Carter rear axle | 1,3 |
| Steering gear housing | 0,18 |
| Transfer case housing | 0,79 |
| Carter front axle | 1,15 |
| Clutch hydraulic system | 0,2 |
| Hydraulic brake system | 0,535 |
| Windshield and headlight washer reservoir | 2,8 |
| Rear window washer reservoir | 2,0 |
| Power steering reservoir | 1,7 |
|
Filling or lubrication point |
Name of materials |
|
|
Fuel tank |
Car gasoline octane number 91-93, 95 * |
|
|
Engine cooling system including interior heating system |
Cooling liquid with a freezing point not higher than –40 ° С |
|
|
Engine lubrication system including oil filter at ambient temperature: |
Engine oils (API grade: SG, SH, SJ) |
|
|
from –20 ° to + 45 ° С | ||
|
from –25 ° to + 35 ° С | ||
|
from –25 ° to + 45 ° С | ||
|
from –30 ° to + 35 ° С | ||
|
from –30 ° to + 45 ° С | ||
|
Transmission housing |
Gear oils with API GL-5 quality and 75W-90 viscosity |
|
|
Transfer case housing | ||
|
Front axle housing | ||
|
Rear axle housing | ||
|
Steering gear housing |
Gear oil 75W-90 |
|
|
Clutch release hydraulic system |
0,2
|
Brake fluid DOT-3, -4 |
|
Windshield washer reservoir |
A mixture of water with windshield washer fluid |
|
|
Starter drive drive ring | ||
|
Front wheel bearings |
Litol-24 grease or imported analogues |
|
|
Cross bearings cardan joints |
Fiol-2U grease, No. 158 or imported analogues |
|
|
Front spline cardan shaft |
Fiol-1, SHRUS-4 grease or imported analogues |
|
|
Door openers |
Shrus-4 grease |
|
|
Seat slide | ||
|
Tie rod joints and ball pins, front suspension |
ShRB-4 grease or imported analogues |
|
|
Leads and terminals battery, door keyholes |
Auto lubricant VTV-1 in aerosol packaging, TsIATIM-201, -221, Litol-24 or imported analogues |
|
|
Door locks |
Fiol-1 grease or imported analogs |
|
|
Pressure regulator rear brakes |
DT-1 grease or imported analogues |
Fuels and lubricants approved and recommended for
operation of the LADA 4x4 vehicle and its modifications
AUTOMOTIVE PETROL
Notes:
1. To ensure engine start-up and vehicle operation at low negative ambient temperatures, it is necessary to use gasoline of the appropriate evaporation classes, depending on the climatic region. Requirements for the classes of volatility and seasonal use of gasolines for different regions of the Russian Federation are set out in the corresponding standards for fuels for internal combustion engines.
2. It is not allowed to use gasoline with organometallic antiknock agents based on lead, iron, manganese and other metals.
3. It is allowed to use multifunctional additives that protect the fuel supply and engine parts from corrosion, deposits and carbon deposits. Such additives must be incorporated into the commercial gasoline by the gasoline manufacturer.
Self-addition of secondary additives by the car owner is not allowed.
Motor oils
| Oil grade | SAE viscosity grade | Group | Manufacturer | Normative document | |
| AAI | AP1 | ||||
| LUKOIL LUX | 5W-30, 5W-40 10W-40,15W-40 | B5 / D3 | SJ / CF | STO 00044434-003 | |
| LUKOIL LUX | 0W-40, 5W-20, 5W-30, 5W-50, 10W-30 | B5 / D3 | SL / CF | LLC "Lukoil-Permnefteorg-synthesis", Perm | STO 00044434-003 |
| TNK SUPER | 5W-30, 5W-40 10W-40 | B5 / D3 | SJ / SL / CF | TU 0253-008-44918199 | |
| TNK MAGNUM | 5W-30, 5W-40 10W-40,15W-40 | B5 / D3 | SJ / SL / CF | TU 0253-025-44918199 | |
| ROSNEFT MAXIMUM | 5W-40, 10W-40 | B5 / D3 | SL / CF | TU 0253-063-48120848 | |
| ROSNEFT OPTIMUM | 10W-30, 10W-40 15W-40 | B5 / D3 | SJ / CF | OJSC "Novokuibyshevsk Oils and Additives Plant", Novokuibyshevsk | TU 0253-062-48120848 |
| ROSNEFT MAXIMUM | 5W-40, 10W-40 | B5 / D3 | SL / CF | TU 0253-391-05742746 | |
| ROSNEFT OPTIMUM | 10W-30, 10W-40 15W-40 | B5 / D3 | SJ / CF | JSC "Angarsk Petrochemical Company", Angarsk | TU 0253-389-05742746 |
| ROSNEFT PREMIUM | 0W-40, 5W-40 5W-40 | B5 / D3 | SJ / CF SL / CF SM / CF | JSC "Angarsk Petrochemical Company", Angarsk | TU 0253-390-05742746 |
Continuation of table. 2
| Oil grade | SAE viscosity grade | Group | Manufacturer | Normative document | |
| AAI | API | ||||
| EXTRA 1 EXTRA 5 EXTRA 7 | 5W-30 15W-40 20W-50 | B5 / D3 | SJ / CF | OJSC "Omsk Oil Refinery", Omsk | TU 38.301-19-137 |
| EXTRA | 5W-30, 10W-40, 15W-40 | B5 / D3 | SL / CF | OJSC "Omsk Oil Refinery", Omsk | TU 38.301-19-137 |
| ESSO ULTRA | 10W-40 | B5 / D3 | SJ / SL / CF | Exxon-Mobil, Germany | |
| GTTURBO SM | 10W-40 | B5 | SM | Hanval INC, Korea | |
| LIQUI MOLY OPTIMAL | 10W-40 | B5 / D3 | SL / CF | Liqui Moly GmbH, Germany | |
| MOBIL 1 MOBIL SYNT S MOBIL SUPER S | 0W-40, 5W-50 5W-40 10W-40 | B5 / D3 | SJ / SL SM / CF SJ / SL / CF | Exxon-Mobil, Germany | |
| MOBIL 1 ESP FORMULA | 5W-30 | B6 / D3 | SJ / SL SM / CF | ||
| RAVENOL HPS RAVENOL VSI RAVENOL LLO RAVENOL TSI RAVENOL Turbo-C HD-C | 5W-30 5W-40 10W-40 10W-40 15W-40 | B5 / D3 | SL / CF SL / CF SL / CF SL / CF SJ / CF | Ravensberger Schmirstoffvertrieb GmbH, Germany | |
| SHELL HELIX: PLUS PLUS EXTRA ULTRA | 10W-40 5W-40 5W-40 | B5 / D3 | SL / CF | SHELL EAST EUROPE Co, UK, Finland | |
| ZIC A PLUS | 5W-30, 10W-30, 10W-40 | B5 | SL | SK CORPORATION, Korea | |
Table 3
| Minimum temperature of cold start of the engine, 0С | SAE J 300 viscosity grade | Maximum ambient temperature, 0С |
| below -35 | 0W-30 | 25 |
| below -35 | 0W-40 | 30 |
| -30 | 5W-30 | 25 |
| -30 | 5W-40 | 35 |
| -25 | 10W-30 | 25 |
| -25 | 10W-40 | 35 |
| -20 | 15W-40 | 45 |
| -15 | 20W-40 | 45 |
Transmission oils for use in gearboxes, transfer cases, drive axles and steering gear
Table 4
Oil grade |
SAE viscosity grade |
API group |
Manufacturer |
Normative document |
LUKOIL TM 5 |
75W-90 80W-90 85W-90 |
OJSC Lukoil-Volgogradnefte-pererabotka, Volgograd LLC Lukoil-Permnefteorgsintez, Perm |
STO 00044434-009 TU 0253-044-00148599 |
|
NOVOIL SUPERT |
TU 38.301-04-13 |
|||
ROSNEFT KINETIC |
75W-90, 80W-90 85W-90 |
JSC "Angarsk Petrochemical Company", Angarsk |
TU 0253-394-05742746 |
|
ROSNEFT KINETIC |
OJSC "Novokuibyshevsk Oils and Additives Plant", Novokuibyshevsk |
TU 0253-030-48120848 |
||
SUPER T-2 SUPER T-3 |
OJSC "Omsk Oil Refinery", Omsk |
TU 38.301-19-62 |
||
TNK TRANS GIPOID |
LLC "TNK lubricants", Ryazan |
TU 38.301-41-196 |
||
TNK TRANS HIPOID SUPER |
LLC "TNK lubricants", Ryazan |
TU 0253-014-44918199 |
||
Shell East Europe Co, UK |
Note. Oil change time in accordance with service book car.
Table 5
Attention
Do not use oil additives or other means to improve the operation of the engine, its systems or vehicle transmission units.
For the operation of cars, modern highly efficient motor and transmission oils... Therefore, the use of additional additives is not necessary, and in certain cases this can lead to such damage to the engine or transmission units, which are not covered by the guarantee of JSC AVTOVAZ.
Cooling fluids
Liquid brand |
Manufacturer |
Normative document |
Antifreeze-TS Felix |
TU 2422-006-36732629 |
|
Cool Stream Standard |
TU 2422-002-13331543 |
|
Cool Stream Premium |
JSC "Technoform", Klimovsk, Moscow region |
TU 2422-001-13331543 |
ANTIFREEZE SINTEC |
JSC "Obninskorgsintez", Obninsk |
TU 2422-047-51140047 |
LLC "TC Tosol-Sintez", Dzerzhinsk |
TU 2422-068-36732629 |
|
ANTIFREEZE (TOSOL) LONGLIFE |
Delphin Industry CJSC, Pushkino |
TU 2422-163-04001396 |
Note. Service life and replacement of antifreeze in accordance with the car's service book. Mixing coolants different brands not allowed.
AIR CONDITIONING LIQUID
The air conditioner is filled with ozone-safe freon R 134 "A"
Quantity - 0.4 kg
The air conditioning system uses ATMOSGU10 oil.
SHOCK ABSORBER FLUID
Liquid GRZH-12
Front shock absorber - 0.12 L
Rear shock absorber- 0.195 l.
Brake fluids
Table 7
Note. Service life and replacement of brake fluids in accordance with the car's service book, but not more than three years.
Glass washer and special fluids
Liquid brand |
Manufacturer |
Normative document |
| GLASS WASHING LIQUIDS | ||
LLC "ASD", Togliatti |
TU 2421-001-55894651 |
|
LLC "Multifarma-Samara", Samara |
TU 2384-170-00151727 |
|
NPP "Macromer", Vladimir |
TU 2451-007-10488057 |
|
JSC ASPECT, Moscow |
TU 2384-011-41974889 |
|
SPECIAL FLUIDS |
||
MOPZ VNII NP, Moscow |
||
LUKOIL AZH |
LLC "Lukoil VNP", Volgograd |
TU 0253-025-00148599 |
f. "VARYA", Nizhny Novgorod |
TU 0253-048-05767924 |
|
Pentosin Hydraulic Fluid CHS 11S |
f. "Pentosin", Germany |
TTM 1.97.0964 |
Plastic lubricants
Grease brand |
Manufacturer |
Normative document |
Vaseline technical VTV-1 |
TU 38.301-40-21 |
|
Vaseline technical ONMZ VTV-1 |
TU 0255-195-05767887 |
|
Lubricant AZMOL GRAPHITOL |
JSC "Azmol", Berdyansk |
TU U 23.2-00152365-178 |
LEMOL grease |
JSC "Azmol", Berdyansk |
TU 38.301-48-54 |
LITA grease |
JSC "Azmol", Berdyansk |
TU 38.101-1308 |
LITOL-24 grease |
JSC "Azmol", Berdyansk |
|
Lubricant AZMOL LSC-15 |
JSC "Azmol", Berdyansk |
TU U 23.2-00152365-180 |
UNIROL-1 grease |
JSC "Rikos", Rostov-on-Don |
TU 38.301-40-23 |
UNIOL-2M / 1 grease |
JSC "Azmol", Berdyansk |
|
Lubricant AZMOL FIOL-1 |
JSC "Azmol", Berdyansk |
TU U 23.2-00152365-173 |
Lubricant AZMOL SHRB-4 |
JSC "Azmol", Berdyansk |
TU U 23.2-00152365-172 |
Lubrication AZMOL SHRUS-4 |
JSC "Azmol", Berdyansk |
TU U 23.2-00152365-182 |
SHRUS-4M grease |
JSC "Perm Lubricants and Coolant Plant", Perm |
TU 38.401-58-128 |
Ortol Sh lubricant |
OJSC "Neftemaslozavod", Orenburg |
TU 0254-001-05767887 |
CIATIM-201 grease |
JSC "Azmol", Berdyansk, JSC "Rikos", Rostov-on-Don, LLC NPF "RUSMA", St. Petersburg, JSC "Neftemaslozavod", Orenburg |
|
CIATIM-221 grease |
OJSC "Azmol", Berdyansk, OJSC "Rikos", Rostov-on-Don, LLC NPF "RUSMA", St. Petersburg |
Continuation of table. nine
Grease brand |
Manufacturer |
Normative document |
|
Solid lubricant Molybdol M3 |
JSC "Technology", St. Petersburg |
||
Lubricating graphite "P" |
JSC "Azmol", Berdyansk |
||
Ditor grease |
JSC "Rikos", Rostov-on-Don |
TU 0254-007-05766706 |
|
CASTROL S-058 grease |
Firm "Castrol", Germany |
||
MOLYKOTE X-106 grease |
Daw Corning, USA |
TTM 1.97.0115 |
|
Renolit JP 1619 grease |
Fusch firm, Germany |
TTM 1.97.0800 |
|
Lucas PFG-111 grease |
Firm "Lucas TRW", Germany |
TTM 1.97.0733 |
|
Flushing fluids for the engine lubrication systemTable 10 |
|||
Liquid brand |
Manufacturer |
Normative document |
|
|
AUTO WASH |
OJSC Lukoil-Nizhegorodnefteorgsintez, Kstovo, LLC Lukoil-Permnefteorgsintez, Perm |
STO 00044434-0122 |
|
WASHING OIL |
OJSC "Novo-Ufa oil refinery", Ufa |
TU 0253-019-05766528 |
|
ROSNEFT EXPRESS |
OAO "Angarsk Petrochemical Company", Angarsk |
TU 0253-392-05742746 |
|
MP SYNTHETIC MP CLASSIC |
Omsk Oil Refinery OJSC, Omsk |
STO 84035624-005 |
|
Note. Flushing fluids are used when maintenance in accordance with the service book during the replacement of the worker engine oil for fresh.
Materials for anti-corrosion treatment of the body
Filling fluid for hydraulic steering system
Table 12
List of products containing precious metals in LADA cars 4x4
| Item number | product name | Location of precious metals | Weight in grams | ||
| gold | silver | palladium | |||
| 2115-3801010 | Instrument cluster | In semiconductors | 0,000263 | 0,016414 | |
| 2105-3747010-03 | Interrupter for direction indicators and alarm | 0,0180561 | 0,0208012 | 0,103 | |
| 2105-3709310/-01 | Three-lever switch | Coating | 0,1664 | ||
| 2101-3704010-11 | Ignition switch | In contacts | 0,14078 | ||
| 2105-3710010-03/-04 | Alarm switch | In contacts | 0,107 | ||
| 21213-3709607 | Heated rear window switch | In contacts | 0,11517 | ||
| 2113-3709609-10 | Rear fog lamp switch | In contacts | 0,115169 | ||
| 2104-3709612 | Rear window wiper and washer switch | In contacts | 0,403093 | ||
| 2107-3709608-01 | Heater switch | In contacts | 0,265997 | ||
| 21045-3709280 | Fuel heating switch | In contacts | 0,170288 | ||
| 2108-3720010-10/-11/-12 | Brake light switch | In contacts | 0,1681 | ||
| Alternator voltage regulator | In semiconductors | 0,0534 | |||
| 2106-3828110 | Water temperature gauge | In contacts | 0,0161637 | ||
| 2105-3747010-02/03 | Relay-interrupter for direction indicators and alarm | Gold in semiconductors, silver in contacts | 0,00021 | 0,0731 | |
| 2105-3747210-12 | Switch-on relay high beam headlights | In contacts | 0,055 | ||
| 2105-37470-1010-12 | Headlamp low beam relay | In contacts | 0,055 | ||
| 2105-3747210-02 | Headlamp wiper relay | In contacts | 0,137 | ||
| 2114-3747610 | Rear fog lamp relay | Gold in semiconductors, silver in contacts | 0,000998 | 0,034935 | |
The Niva SUV, in all modifications, is very popular in the Russian open spaces. This is due to good maintainability, low price and excellent cross-country ability. To ensure reliable operation, you should go through all MOT on time, in particular, replace the coolant.
The liquid system with forced circulation of the VAZ 21214 car is designed for efficient heat removal. She fully copes with her task, you just need to maintain it in good condition.
Replacing antifreeze VAZ 21214
Replacing the coolant is a regulated maintenance procedure, which is spelled out in the operating instructions. There is nothing complicated in it, if you clearly and carefully follow the described action plan.
Suitable for Niva cars:
- VAZ 21214
- VAZ 21213
- VAZ 2121
- VAZ 2131
Before starting to replace the coolant, in order not to get burned, you need to wait until the engine has completely cooled down. You should also avoid getting antifreeze or antifreeze on the skin, eyes and digestive organs, since the chemical composition of the liquids is poisonous.
Draining the coolant
Before starting the draining procedure, prepare tools, containers for spent antifreeze, as well as new fluids for subsequent filling. If an under-engine guard is installed, it can also be removed for convenience.
- turn the temperature regulator in the cabin to the maximum position to the right (Fig. 1);
- we substitute a drain container under the radiator;
- find the plug in the bottom left corner of the radiator and unscrew it (Fig. 2);
- we put on a hose with an internal size of 16 mm on the drain neck and lower it into the drain container. This will prevent splashing of the antifreeze;
- after that, unscrew the plug on the radiator filler neck for faster fluid drainage (Fig. 3);
- unscrew the expansion tank mount and lift it up (Fig. 4). This will drain the liquid through the radiator drain hole. And the tank itself can be completely removed and rinsed;
- to drain the coolant from the engine, you need to unscrew the drain bolt using a 13 wrench. The bolt itself is on the left side (Fig. 5).
After completing this operation, do not forget to put expansion tank into place, and also tighten all drain plugs.
Flushing the cooling system
If there are deposits in the drained liquid or the transition from antifreeze to antifreeze, the system should be flushed. To do this, follow these steps:
- pour the system with plain water through the expansion tank of the VAZ 21214. The plugs must be open;
- tighten the drain plug and bolt;
- fill the system with a flushing agent (you can use Liqui Moly Kuhlerreiniger or flush the Lavr cooling system) with distilled water (6-7 liters);
- start the engine. Warm up to 90 degrees;
- leave to run at idle for 5-10 minutes, depending on the contamination of the system;
- drown out. Let the engine cool down to about 60 degrees;
- drain the flush in the same way as the old fluid;
- tighten both plugs;
- fill in distilled water to rinse the cooling system;
- start the car and warm up to 90 degrees;
- drown and let cool to 60 degrees, drain;
- repeat steps 8, 9, 10 and 11 as necessary.
Pouring antifreeze into Niva 21214, 21213 without air locks
To fill new fluid in the cooling system, you can use the instructions, which are described in the book on repair and maintenance of cars. But doing along it, air jams are very often formed among motorists.
Air congestion can cause the engine to overheat and boil. And also the stove for heating in VAZ 21214, VAZ 21213 (Niva) may not work.
So, let's get down to the correct filling:
- before pouring, unscrew the hoses supplying the antifreeze to the heating unit throttle and lift them up a little (Fig. 1);
- remove the plug from filler neck radiator and start pouring antifreeze until it is completely filled (Fig. 2);
- after that, we begin to expel air from the upper radiator pipe (Fig. 3). Pressing and extending it with your hand towards the filler neck. When performing this procedure, air bubbles should appear in the neck;
- we twist a kind of funnel from a plastic bottle and insert it into one of the pipes (Fig. 4);
- start filling through the funnel until the liquid reaches the upper edge of the radiator filler neck. We tighten the lid on it;
- after that, we continue filling through the funnel until antifreeze flows from the second pipe. We put both pipes in place and clamp the clamps (Fig. 5);
- pour antifreeze into the expansion tank a few centimeters above the MIN mark;
- we start the car, warm it up to operating temperature, let it run for 5 minutes, then turn it off.
The filling of the liquid is over, it remains to wipe the spilled antifreeze and wait for the engine to cool. On an already cooled car, check the level in the expansion tank again and top up if necessary.
Replacement frequency, how much and what kind of fluid is needed
On the recommendation of the manufacturer, it is necessary to replace antifreeze or antifreeze on VAZ-21214 cars every 3 years or after running 60 thousand kilometers. If the car is operated in more severe conditions, then it is advisable to replace it more often - every 30-40 thousand kilometers.
- loss of properties of the coolant. You can check the quality of the antifreeze used by using a test strip, which is sold in the same places as the liquid itself. Dip the strip into the expansion tank, then pull it out. A color scale is included with the strip, according to which it will be possible to understand how much more the car can be operated before replacing the coolant;
- change in color of the coolant to red or red. This means that rust has appeared in it;
- the appearance of sediments, flocs and dense formations in the liquid.
In all cases, it is necessary not only to replace, but also to check the entire engine cooling system for serviceability.
The coolant for the VAZ 21214 Niva injector must be with a freezing temperature of no higher than -40 degrees. Usually the manufacturer fills in TOSOL TS-40 (manufacturer Dzerzhinsk). When replacing antifreeze, you can replace it with antifreeze with a G12 tolerance, it is safer for the entire cooling system. You can also use original antifreeze Lada G12, which is suitable for all cars of this manufacturer.
Antifreeze volume table
Replacing the heater valve VAZ 21214 Niva without draining the antifreeze
Niva cars sometimes have problems associated with the failure of some parts of the cooling system, such as a thermostat or a pump. In the event of a breakdown, they change assembly, since they are not expensive. Leaking hoses or a cracked expansion tank are also a common disease, which must also be replaced.
But there is another problem on the VAZ 21214, a leaking heater tap. Because of this, there may be a smell of antifreeze in the cabin, wet carpets on the front passenger side, the stove does not work.
There are several ways to replace a faulty tap:
- complete drainage of antifreeze from the system;
- pinch the stove pipes with special clamps;
- put your Niva on a slope, with the hood down.
But there is another option, which is more clear and simple. To do this, it is necessary to disconnect the pipes going to the stove under the hood, direct them up and fix in this position. The next step is to take out the stove itself:
- unscrew the console;
- detach the stove fastening latches;
- you do not need to disconnect the buttons;
- we move the radiator assembly, together with the crane and pipes, towards the driver;
- we take out the entire structure through the space, between the steering wheel and pedals;
- that's all, you can change the tap itself.
After replacement, we assemble in the reverse order. As you can see, this operation is quite simple, and the antifreeze will not leak into the salon. And the procedure takes only 40 minutes, even for an unprepared person.
Video
Replacement of antifreeze on Niva 21214 machines, according to the manufacturer's recommendation, should be done every 3 years, or after 60,000 mileage. When operating in difficult conditions, it is advisable to work more often - after 30-40 thousand kilometers.
What antifreeze and how much to pour in Niva-21214?
When choosing a coolant for Niva 21214, you should focus on the manufacturer's recommendations. Based on application practice, the following types of antifreeze can be used:
- For cars that were released in 2009, the red G12 + coolant is suitable. Optimal options Zerex G, VAG, Frostschutzmittel A, and FEBI.
- For Niva 21214 cars produced after 2010, it is worth using red G12 ++ class antifreezes. The most popular manufacturers here are Castrol Radicool Si, MOTUL, Freecor QR, Freecor QR, FEBI and others.
Other coolants also performed well - Sintec, Cool Stream (Premium and Standard), as well as TC Felix Antifreeze.
Antifreeze should be replaced not only during the periods indicated above, but also in the event of a reddish tint. This indicates a deterioration in the composition of the coolant or the presence, in the cooling system, of a fake.
The optimal amount of antifreeze required for filling the system is 10.7 liters.
Replacement process
Work is carried out only on a cooled engine and on a flat area (pit, overpass). If it was not possible to find a horizontal section, a slight increase in the front of the car is allowed.
Before draining the antifreeze, discard the "minus" terminal from the battery, and also remove the protection from the motor (if installed). After, prepare necessary tool... To replace antifreeze on a Niva 21214 machine, you will need keys for "fifteen", a head for "thirteen" with a knob and an extension, as well as a ratchet handle (it will be more convenient with it). Also buy a new antifreeze to fill the system, find a container larger than 11 liters, as well as a dry rag.
- Go to the salon and open the heater tap.
- In the engine compartment, find the expansion tank and unscrew the plug from it.
- Unscrew the radiator cap. At the initial stage, you do not need to do this. If the cap is left in place, the coolant will come out with less activity, which will prevent splashing.
- Place, under the approximate place for draining, a container with a volume of 11 liters or more. At the same stage, prepare a tube with an inner diameter of 1.6 cm.
Draining antifreeze
Let's consider how to drain antifreeze from a radiator. To do this, remove the cover that is on the left, at the bottom of the device, connect the prepared pipe to it and wait for the coolant to exit the system. The tubing is required to avoid splashing hazardous liquid.
Go to next stage- drain the old antifreeze from the cylinder block (hereinafter - BC) of the Niva-21214 engine. To do this, do the following:
- take a key for "thirteen" (preferably with a head and an extension cord), then unscrew the plug installed on the lower left side of the BC of the motor;
- drain the coolant from the system using the same hose as for the radiator.
Drain the coolant from the expansion tank. For this:
- remove its fastener, open the plug and raise the container above the level of the radiator filler outlet; these actions are enough for the remaining antifreeze to come out of the tank;
- now tighten the drain plugs, put and secure the expansion tank in its original place.
When replacing antifreeze, note that a tapered thread is used in the plug connection for the BC. Its peculiarity is that there is no need for sealing. The plug on the cylinder block of the Niva-21214 is pulled with a force of 25-30 N * m using a torque wrench.
Pouring new antifreeze
Go through the final stage of replacing antifreeze - fill in the prepared coolant. For this:
- Pour antifreeze into the radiator opening. Make sure that the top coolant level reaches the top edge of the filler hole.
- Fill the coolant expansion tank. The level should be 30 mm above the MIN inscription.
- Start the engine and let it warm up. In this case, the plug on the radiator must be closed. Pay attention to the supply hose to the radiator from the engine. It will be cold for a while, but after a few minutes it will warm up. This confirms the fact that the liquid went in a large circle.
- Wait for the fan to start and turn off the engine.
Wait until the coolant cools down, check the level again and top up (if required). This completes the replacement of antifreeze. If necessary, expel air plugs from the system, for which, let the engine run, with the radiator cap removed (the front of the car should be higher than the rear).
Now you know how to drain the antifreeze in a Niva 21214 car, and then fill the system with new coolant. This information is enough to do all the work yourself and not contact specialists.
Video: How to replace the coolant and remove airlock on the Niva
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How often should the coolant be changed?
- According to the regulations, the coolant must be replaced every 60 thousand km., Or after 3 years of operation, whichever comes first.
How much coolant do you need to fill?
- The filling volume of the cooling system, including the interior heating system, is 10.7 l.
What kind of coolant to fill?
- with a freezing temperature not higher than –40 ° С.
Recommended coolant grades are listed on page
We open the heater tap.
We unscrew the cap of the expansion tank to relieve pressure.
Remove the radiator cap.
(in order to reduce the intensity of the drained liquid, the radiator cap can be left on at the initial stage)
We substitute a container (at least 11 liters) and prepare a hose with an inner diameter of 16 mm.
In the lower left corner of the radiator ...
And through the hose we drain the liquid from the radiator.
To drain fluid from the engine ...
And we drain the liquid by pressing the same hose to the hole in the block.
To drain the liquid from the expansion tank, disconnect its mount (). Open the cap and raise the reservoir above the level of the radiator filler cap. The coolant will drain through the connecting pipe through the radiator.
We wrap the drain plugs, return the expansion tank to its place
Note.
A tapered thread is used in the connection between the plug and the cylinder block, which does not require additional sealing. Tighten the cylinder block drain plug with a torque of 25–30 Nm.
Pour the coolant through the radiator up to the upper edge of the filler neck.
Fill the expansion tank with liquid to a level about 3 cm above the MIN mark.
We start the engine. We warm up the engine with a closed radiator cap. engine. When the engine warms up, the outlet (lower) radiator hose should be cold for a while, and then quickly heat up, which will indicate the beginning of fluid circulation in a large circle. After waiting for the cooling fan to turn on, we stop the engine.
After the coolant has cooled down, check its level.
Top up if necessary.
Addendum: History of the emergence of coolant
Back in the early 19th century, Belgian engineer Jean Etienne Lenoir created the first internal combustion engine. The working pistons were cooled with air. However, this method provoked the expansion of the cylinders and, as a result, led to jamming of the moving elements. The shrewd scientist decided to improve the engine and cool it with water, simultaneously introducing an oil lubrication system, which improved the situation with overheating.
But natural water left scale on internal systems motor, moreover, the boiling point of the water was not high enough. In addition, in winter, the water quickly froze and destroyed the engine.
Russian way
In our country, which, among other things, differs from Europe in bitter frosts and huge distances, people began to think about improving the properties of the engine cooling system in the 1920s. It was then that the first antifreezes appeared in the young country of the Soviets.
The product was based on glycerin, which made it possible to maintain resistance to temperature extremes and high viscosity. But the composition was not optimal from the point of view of passing through the radiator pipes, therefore, the formula was improved.
Poison is the head of everything
At first, ethanol was added to glycerin, the fluidity increased, but there was some difficulty for the driver and passengers of the car, which consisted in the fact that ethanol is a rather strong psychotropic poison. During operation of the car, toxic vapor was emitted, which entered the passenger compartment in abundance. There were frequent cases of clearly deviant behavior of drivers, which posed a danger to others.
Therefore, after a series of incidents, the dangerous composition was reluctantly abandoned. This was also facilitated by the fact that a decent product appeared on the market that painlessly replaced the controversial formula. It was a mixture of glycerin and ethylene glycol. So antifreeze appeared on the market.
Brief linbez
By the way, antifreeze is the same antifreeze designed for cooling car engines, which freezes at low temperatures (in fact, in the literary translation, antifreeze means "anti-freeze"). The product contains various additives that provide protection automotive system cooling against corrosion.
Towards global standards
But it is worth thinking that the use of antifreeze has become widespread in our cold country since the 1920s. It was not for nothing that we mentioned warm water in the radiator; a comprehensive shortage did not allow all citizens of the USSR to enjoy this benefit.
The history of antifreeze in Russia is closely connected with the construction of the Volzhsky Automobile Plant. Note that VAZ radically and very positively changed the chemical industry of the USSR and the industry for the production of auto components, bringing them closer to world standards.
At the end of the 60s, only one line of antifreeze was produced in a huge country, which in no way matched the characteristics of the advanced VAZ-2101 model. It was decided to conduct a series of studies in Italy, which showed that the base fluid has a low alkalinity reserve, abundant foaming, and can contribute to metal corrosion, which, naturally, negatively affected the operation of a modern engine.
In this connection, it was decided to develop a new, more perfect antifreeze formula.
For three years, employees of the Union Research Institute of Organic Chemistry and Technology have been working on the formulation of a new coolant that would have optimal properties for a regenerating domestic auto industry... The result was antifreeze, the same antifreeze, but with an improved formula.
Why antifreeze?
The liquid received this name thanks to the abbreviation. TOC is the name of the institute department in which the creators of the coolant worked, and the ending OL is the designation of the chemical nomenclature of substances, which shows that the liquid includes alcohol (ethylene glycol is a dibasic alcohol).
Antifreeze remained almost the only optimal antifreeze on the domestic market for a long time, but today the picture is completely different: many brands are available to the consumer, but even among this variety, antifreeze can always be distinguished by its characteristic blue color.
A car is a set of complex mechanisms, clothed in a metal frame, but, like people, there is nowhere without fluids. Some cool, others are responsible for safety.
No less important than antifreeze, has become brake fluid, because it is she who affects the safe and smooth stop of the car. Quality and timely replacement directly affect the safety of the driver and passengers.
