8.1. Before starting to move, change lanes, turn (U-turn) and stop, the driver is required to give signals with light direction indicators in the appropriate direction, and if they are missing or faulty - with his hand. When performing a maneuver, there should be no danger to traffic or interference with other participants. traffic.
The signal for a left turn (turn) corresponds to the left arm extended to the side or the right arm extended to the side and bent at the elbow at a right angle upward. The right turn signal corresponds to an extended to the side right hand or the left, extended to the side and bent at the elbow at a right angle upward. The brake signal is given by raising your left or right hand.
8.2. The turn signal or hand signal must be given well in advance of the maneuver and cease immediately after completion (the hand signal may be terminated immediately before the maneuver). In this case, the signal should not mislead other road users.
Signaling does not give the driver an advantage or relieve him from taking precautions.
8.3. When entering the road from the adjacent territory, the driver must give way to vehicles and pedestrians moving along it, and when leaving the road - to pedestrians and cyclists whose movement path he crosses.
8.4. When changing lanes, the driver must give way to vehicles moving in the same direction without changing direction. When simultaneously changing lanes of vehicles moving in the same direction, the driver must give way to the vehicle on the right.
8.5. Before turning right, left or making a U-turn, the driver is obliged to take in advance the appropriate extreme position on the roadway intended for traffic in this direction, except in cases where a turn is made when entering an intersection where a roundabout is organized.
If present on the left tram tracks in the same direction, located on the same level with roadway, a left turn and a U-turn must be made from them, unless signs 5.15.1 or 5.15.2 or markings 1.18 prescribe a different movement order. In this case, there should be no interference with the tram.
(see text in the previous edition)
8.6. The turn must be carried out in such a way that when leaving the intersection of roadways the vehicle does not end up on the side of oncoming traffic.
When turning right, the vehicle should move as close as possible to the right edge of the roadway.
8.7. If a vehicle, due to its size or for other reasons, cannot make a turn in compliance with the requirements of paragraph 8.5 of the Rules, it is allowed to retreat from them provided that traffic safety is ensured and if this does not interfere with other vehicles.
8.8. When turning left or making a U-turn outside an intersection, the driver of a trackless vehicle is obliged to give way to oncoming vehicles and trams in the same direction.
If, when turning outside an intersection, the width of the roadway is not sufficient to perform the maneuver from the extreme left position, it is allowed to be made from the right edge of the roadway (from the right shoulder). In this case, the driver must give way to passing and oncoming vehicles.
8.9. In cases where the trajectories of vehicles intersect, and the order of passage is not specified by the Rules, the driver to whom the vehicle is approaching from the right must give way.
8.10. If there is a braking lane, the driver intending to turn must change lanes in a timely manner and reduce speed only in this lane.
If there is an acceleration lane at the entrance to the road, the driver must move along it and change lanes into the adjacent lane, giving way to vehicles moving along this road.
Some motorists studying the Rules of the Road ask a fair question - if a turn is prohibited on a one-way road, then traffic in reverse(according to clause 8.12 of the traffic rules) - too.
8.12. Reversing a vehicle is permitted provided that this maneuver is safe and does not interfere with other road users. If necessary, the driver must seek the help of others.
Reversing is prohibited at intersections and in places where turning around is prohibited in accordance with paragraph 8.11 of the Rules.
How, then, should parking on a one-way road be done? If not “parallel”, then how to drive away? It turns out that all that remains is along the edge of the roadway, so that the front drives in, the front drives off?
Let's dispel this misconception.
Reversing on one-way traffic is not prohibited, and here's why:
Clause 8.11 of the Russian Traffic Regulations states:
U-turn is prohibited:
– at pedestrian crossings;
– in tunnels;
– on bridges, overpasses, overpasses and under them;
– at railway crossings;
– in places with visibility of the road in at least one direction less than 100 m;
– in places where route vehicles stop.
So, turning around is not directly prohibited on sections of a one-way road.
Reversing a vehicle is permitted provided that this maneuver is safe and does not interfere with other road users. If necessary, the driver must seek the help of others.
Reversing is prohibited at intersections and in places where turning around is prohibited in accordance with paragraph 8.11 of the Rules.
Obviously, it must be understood that reversing is a maneuver that is prohibited at intersections and in places where there are road conditions, listed in the text of clause 8.11.
There is not a word about the road or roadway, where traffic is organized in a one-way direction.
The movement of a vehicle against the direction of travel along the lane is contrary to clause 1.4 of the traffic rules. At the same time, it should be noted that short-term reversing refers rather to maneuvering on the roadway, for which section No. 8 of the traffic rules is responsible. There is no ban on reversing on a one-way road.
Therefore, reversing on a one-way road is permitted.
The design features of almost any mechanical vehicle provide for the possibility of reversing. Such a maneuver, due to limited visibility, is considered one of the most difficult and requires maximum concentration from the driver.
There are no signs prohibiting reversing in the Traffic Rules, as well as a special road markings, however, requirements have been established regulating the dangerous maneuver.
When is reversing allowed?
According to clause 12 of Section 8 of the Rules, reversing traffic is permitted if the vehicle reversing does not interfere with the movement of other vehicles, does not change the order of their maneuvering, and also gives way to pedestrians.
The same paragraph states that, if necessary, the driver of the car must seek help from third parties to correct the maneuver. Both a passenger and a pedestrian passing by can provide assistance: make sure that the car does not hit other people's parked cars or ask passing vehicles to slow down with a gesture and allow the maneuvering car to enter the road.
NOTE: Using the assistance of third parties does not relieve the vehicle operator of responsibility for the safety of the maneuver. In the event of an accident, the driver driving in reverse will be considered the culprit.
As for reversing on public roads, this type of vehicle movement is only possible outside intersections and where turning around is not prohibited. It should be taken into account that exits from courtyards and other adjacent areas do not apply to intersections; accordingly, in these places you can drive in reverse.
NOTE: Traffic rules do not regulate the process of reversing in terms of such parameters as distance and time interval - thus you can drive for as long as you like and for any distance, provided that there are no places on the way that are prohibited for reversing.
The list of places where it is prohibited to turn a vehicle (and, therefore, to drive in reverse) is contained in clause 8.11 of the traffic rules. But this paragraph does not indicate all the places where turning around falls into the category of illegal. However, other cases do not affect reversing, i.e., turning around is prohibited there, but reversing is not. You should only focus on clause 8.11 of the Rules.
NOTE: Exceptional cases include sign 4.1.1. “Move straight ahead” and sign 5.5 “One-way traffic”. The established criteria for the movement of vehicles prohibit turning on these sections of the road, but reversing is allowed.
Where is it prohibited to drive in reverse?
The territory prohibited for performing a dangerous maneuver is road intersections and places prohibited for turning, according to clause 8.11:
- On a zebra crossing, within the width of the marked pedestrian crossing.
- At stopping places public transport(for the entire length of the stopping pocket and no closer than 15 meters on each side).
- At railway crossings.
- On sections of roads where visibility in the oncoming or passing direction is less than 100 meters.
- On overpasses, bridges, in tunnels, on overpasses and under these engineering structures.
It is also prohibited to reverse on motorways and on roads marked with sign 5.3 “Road for motor vehicles” (only for buses, cars and motorcycles).
The nuances of reversing on a one-way road
Many motorists have encountered a situation where turning on reverse gear on a one-way road was interpreted by traffic police inspectors as driving in the opposite direction, with all the ensuing consequences.
There are 2 solutions for this Supreme Court, issued by a special Resolution for judges:
If we move from legal language to universal human language, then, according to the first decision, entering a one-way road from an intersection and under a “brick” in reverse or in the usual manner is interpreted as moving in the opposite direction and is punished in accordance with the prescribed penalty.
According to the second decision: reversing is not prohibited if this is due to the need for maneuver. What is meant by “necessity” and who defines it is not specified.
Penalties
- Reversing from an intersection under a “No Entry” sign onto a street where one-way traffic is established is punishable by either deprivation of rights for a period of 4 to six months, or a fine of 5,000 rubles.
- Reversing on a highway marked with a corresponding sign costs 2,500 rubles.
- Reversing in a dedicated lane (sign 5.3) – 1,500 rubles. In cities of federal significance - Moscow, St. Petersburg - 3000 rubles.
- Reversing under a “No Entry” sign installed in the adjacent territory and violating the zone of operation of the “No Traffic” sign – a fine of 500 rubles.
In general, the procedure for maneuvering using reverse gear It’s quite simple, but sometimes controversial situations arise, especially in terms of going “against the grain” on one-way streets. If such a problem arises, the issue can be resolved by filing a claim in court.
A must for a safe trip
City traffic is becoming increasingly crowded, and traffic jams are not uncommon. Drivers who are late for business are increasingly beginning to use reversing in conditions where, in their opinion, it is permitted. Clause 8.12, Section 8 of the Traffic Regulations defines: movement is permitted only when it does not interfere with pedestrians and cars.
Unfortunately, the rules do not specify what is meant by the condition “not to interfere” and when a fine should be imposed. A particularly difficult and uncertain situation arises when a car with a trailer needs to park on a one-way road. How to make the maneuver safe? Should the emergency lights be on or not?
How are violators punished?
Traffic inspectors decide whether the maneuver is safe or not.
- They determined that he was dangerous and issued a fine for driving in reverse - Article 12.15 of the Code of Administrative Offenses of 2016.
- If the driver violated the rules for positioning the vehicle on the road when overtaking or passing, he must pay from 1,000 to 5,000 rubles. A violation can be interpreted in different ways.
- Paragraph 3 of Article 15 essentially allows you to turn into oncoming traffic to avoid an obstacle, you just need to pay 1000 rubles.
- Clause 4 of Article 15 – for travel in the opposite direction you must pay 5,000 rubles.
Moreover, it is not indicated which type of vehicle is covered. traffic rules requirements: for a truck with a trailer or a regular passenger car.
Not defined: Article 12.15 applies only on city streets or driving in the courtyard of a residential building, in some cases, can also be considered an administrative violation.
In case of repeated violation of the rules for driving on a one-way road, the driver will be deprived of the right to drive a car for a period of at least 4 months and no more than 1 year. If the violation is recorded by traffic cameras, he will be given a administrative penalty five thousand rubles (Article 12.16 of the Administrative Code).
Road signs
On intercity highways you often have to go around the scene of an accident. What is the right thing to do in this case? Is it allowed to drive in reverse on a highway where an accident occurred? It is allowed, but it must be remembered that any lane change is always a difficult road maneuver. Especially for a car with a trailer, when the turning trajectory increases. It is necessary to take into account in this situation - turning the steering wheel in the right direction, turning the trailer in the opposite direction can complicate traffic situation. Traffic police officers will consider this a violation and will require you to pay a fine.
I have an opinion
Brief reversing on the road can be equated to maneuvering or considered a U-turn. According to paragraph 11 of section 8 of the traffic rules, turning around in the city is prohibited only:
- at pedestrian crossings;
- in places where city vehicles stop;
- on roads where visibility is less than 100 meters;
- on and under bridges.
Thus, the rules do not prohibit a U-turn on one-way traffic, and accordingly, a fine cannot be imposed. Please note that driving must be safe for pedestrians and vehicles. The hazard lights must also be turned on.
When a U-turn is made by a car with a trailer in the yard of a residential building, another person must insure the driver’s actions.
If all these conditions are met, it can be proven that there is no violation.
We pass the intersection
The traffic rules have an unambiguous requirement - reversing is prohibited at an intersection. Violation of this rule will result in a fine. Its minimum size is 500 rubles. Before turning on the turn signals and before turning the steering wheel, you need to remember that the driver must give way to pedestrians and other vehicles, otherwise driving may provoke an accident. When an obstacle is created to vehicles driving along the main road, Article 12.13 of the Code of Administrative Offenses comes into force.
The organizer of the jam must pay twice as much - a fine of 1000 rubles. Proper execution entering an intersection requires even more attention from the driver if a car with a trailer is turning onto a one-way road. It is necessary to take into account the turning angle of the trailer - it increases. Leaving the adjacent territory onto the road is not considered crossing an intersection.
Movement Prohibition
Traffic rules (Chapter 9, paragraph 74) clearly prohibit vehicles from reversing on pedestrian crossing and 15 meters from it. The ban is violated - a fine of 5,000 rubles. The demand is quite fair. Accidents are especially often recorded when reversing on road sections marked with special markings: zebra crossings.
Crossing collisions almost always result in severe injuries to pedestrians. In this case, the driver's driving is considered a criminal offense and not an administrative offense.
Today cars and cars with trailers are often parked on the road, parallel to the sidewalk. The driver needs to make a turn to enter the roadway. Entry onto the road is only permitted in a straight line. 
Parking
Sometimes accidents when driving in reverse occur while parking in the courtyard of an apartment building. Not all cars are equipped with parking sensors. When parallel parking, you must not only turn on the turn signals and look in the rear-view mirrors, but also carefully alternately look at side mirrors. Otherwise, you can crash into a car located on the side. 
Car collisions often occur when parking near supermarkets. It is recommended to follow the following rules: enter the parking space with the rear of the car, and exit with the front. Parking cars with a trailer is considered safe when leaving the parking space only forward.
In conclusion, it should be noted that changes and additions to traffic rules are periodically made by employees of the Ministry of Internal Affairs. Often, and by decision of the Supreme Court of the Russian Federation, contradictions between the wording given in the Traffic Regulations and the Code of Administrative Offenses are eliminated.
Recently, a resolution was issued obliging judges, when considering administrative violations under Article 12.16 of the Code of Administrative Offenses, to take into account the travel conditions indicated by Article 15 of the traffic rules. It is proposed that changing lanes and maneuvering on the road while changing direction should not be considered a violation. The requirement “not to create interference” was left in the resolution.
Reversing on a one-way road is recognized as one of the maneuvers that can involve not only drivers, but also other road users. Often when filing motor vehicle back, difficulties arise even for experienced drivers.
The fundamental reason for this (judging by the analysis of real-life controversial situations on the road) is the extremely limited visibility, which often does not allow you to see a person walking behind or a riding bicycle. The situation is worsened by the fact that maneuvering on reverse Pedestrians walking along the sidewalk or roadway do not expect to see a car.
Features of reversing
When moving backwards in any vehicle, the driver must be very careful, but even many years of driving experience does not guarantee the safety of all road users when at least one of them performs the maneuver in question. The desire to ensure a decent level of safety for both vehicle drivers and pedestrians prompted the government to make some amendments to the traffic rules, drawing attention to the large number of accidents that occurred during such traffic.
Information regarding instructions for reversing when possible was included in Russian rules and was also published in government regulations. Constantly changing views on the safety of reversing have resulted in the formation of some conflicting information.
Traffic rules
In the 8th section traffic rules it is indicated that a reverse maneuver on a one-way road is permitted only if:
- strict adherence to the conditions of absolute safety of traffic participants;
- full confidence of the driver in his actions related to driving;
- absence of future interference (even possible) for everyone around as a result of the maneuver;
- the presence of an obvious, logically justified need to make a planned maneuver (when going around an obstacle in the form of a car parked too close, in order to return to a missed turn).
Otherwise, if the above conditions are not met, such maneuvering becomes a violation of traffic rules on the roadway. If it is impossible to perform the maneuver necessary to continue the trip, the driver is obliged to resort to the help of third parties. This assistance can be obtained at the request of the driver from a passenger or a person passing by. At the same time, it is the responsibility of the driver of the maneuvering vehicle to clearly and correctly instruct such an assistant before starting the process.
The third (outsider) person must be located where he can clearly see the entire car, the same applies to the driver: from the car window he must be provided with a full view of the entire territory intended for maneuver. The assistant must be within sight and audibility, since for the success of the plan, the driver will repeat exactly the assistant’s instructions in order to avoid hitting an obstacle. If it is impossible to fulfill this condition, sound signals can be replaced with visual ones: the helper simply raises his hand when the driver needs to stop and moves it to the side - for a turn signal.
Since nothing is mentioned in the traffic rules about the special case of driving in reverse on a one-way road, the prohibitory rule applies when the car was driving part of the road in the opposite direction in order to make a U-turn.
One of the government resolutions stipulates amendments to the code of administrative violations. We are talking about moving the car backwards, under a sign called a “brick”.
Failure to comply with safety measures during such an entry can be strictly punished with a high fine (about 5,000 rubles, which is significantly higher than the 500-ruble payments in similar situations on the road, but without a brick sign).
Violation of the listed rules leads to the creation of probabilistic causes, the objective side of an administrative offense. Article No. 12.14 of the Code of Administrative Offenses generalizes the ban on driving a car in the “backwards” direction in those places where the rules also prohibit any maneuvers.
