It is worth recalling that the prototype of these legendary cars was the American Autocar truck, converted into, from which the three-ton truck came from, which was mass-produced since the end of 1933. He immediately began to enter the armed forces of the USSR and very soon turned into one of the main Vehicle Workers 'and Peasants' Red Army (RKKA).
In 1942, after the evacuation of the plant, Moscow resumed the production of a simplified and lightweight version with conventional marking (military model) without one headlight and front brakes, the equipment of which was determined only by the presence of assembly units and parts. Externally, it was distinguished by angular fenders and a cabin with a sheathing of wooden slats. In the summer of 1944, the parallel production of this truck was launched by the Stalin Ural Automobile Plant (UralZIS).
By the beginning of the war, over 104 thousand ZIS-5 vehicles were in service with the Red Army. During the war, 102 thousand were collected at three factories, including 67 thousand in Moscow.
Military versions of trucks ZIS-5
Most of the ZIS-5 vehicles that served in the Red Army were not at all adapted for military service, but they were equipped with removable benches to transport 12-24 personnel.
Conventional three-ton tanks served as the basis for numerous superstructures and light weapons, transported various cargo and engineering equipment, and served as artillery tractors. V special cases they were equipped with special bodies with large side toolboxes, high sides of five boards and machines or a turret for an anti-aircraft machine gun.
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In the German army, captured three-ton tanks were equipped with their own high-sided bodies, placed on a railway track and used to tow heavy guns and trailers.
Radiotechnical means
Several types of powerful radio equipment were mounted in simple wooden bodies or shielded vans on the ZIS-5 chassis. Among them were a particularly accurate transceiver radio station PAT General Staff and military RAF with a communication range of up to 1000 kilometers.
In the conditions of massive bombing of the first days of the war, all the efforts of the designers were thrown into the revision of the old and the creation of new top secret radar stations of the family RUS-2 Redoubt in two trucks. The first housed a control room with a rotating antenna unit, the second carried a power benzoelectric unit.
Auto repair shops
On the ZIS-5, in addition to type A flyers, an auto repair workshop created especially for it was installed. PM-5-6- a type B meeting room. Its working equipment was placed in simplified bodies with hinged side walls, and a supply of materials and accessories was stored in the visor above the cab.
In the first years of the war, this range expanded significantly due to specialized workshops located in type B rooms. A removable hand-operated reloading crane was often mounted on the bumper of such machines, and the power of their electric generators reached 30 kilowatts.
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Fuel Service Cars
The appearance of the three-ton tank made it possible to switch to heavier military refueling facilities with steel tanks for delivery and distribution. different types liquids. On the simplest tankers, manual or mechanical pumps were used, and the filling and emptying of the tanks was carried out by gravity.
More advanced cars were equipped with their own pumps driven by the vehicle's transmission. The basis of this range was the aerodrome gas station BZ-39 with a capacity of 2500 liters with a gear pump in the middle position. Its complete set included a rear control compartment, dispensing hoses, cans for lubricants and a mandatory grounding circuit under the chassis frame.
Upgraded option BZ-39M differed in the right-hand arrangement of the pump and an open control unit. On a simplified model BZ-39M-1 wartime there was no control cabin and compartments for hoses.
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At the height of the war, a tanker appeared BZ-43, on which, due to the simplification of the units and the use of light materials, the capacity has increased to 3200 liters. The sleeves were hung directly on the tank, along which there were platforms for hand pump and cans for oils and greases.
Pre-war airfield oil and water tanker VMZ-40 was unified with the VMZ-34 model on the ZIS-6 chassis, but had a more powerful oil pump. During the war, it was replaced by a lightweight version. VMZ-43... A heating boiler with two tanks for water and oil was fired with wood or wood blocks, and the combustion products were thrown out through a hinged chimney.
Aerodrome and balloon technology
In the field of aerodrome vehicles, the ZIS-5 served as the basis for box bodies equipped with fueling stations for aircraft on-board systems. The first of these was the AKS-2 aviation compressor station with an auxiliary 40-horsepower engine that provided operating pressure 150 atmospheres. For refueling the balloons, the AK-05 oxygen-producing station was used, which produced pure oxygen from the atmospheric air by its strong compression and distribution among the cylinders. At the end of the war, the AKS-05A version appeared in a new body with improved insulation.
Engineering vehicles
The simplest vehicles of the engineering troops were various snow-removing equipment for cleaning military lines of communication and airfields. In the engineering and construction and railway troops, ZIS-05 dump trucks with a carrying capacity of about three tons with all-metal rear tipping bodies were used.
In the years of peace and war, a whole range of automotive power plants was formed NPP for illumination of military territories and food for army consumers. They were placed on cargo platforms or in special vans and were structurally different from each other in the power of electric generators (12–35 kilowatts). The railway troops had powerful power plants capable of moving on rails.
A rare engineering technique was a filtration station for natural water purification and disinfection using special reagents. For an hour of work, she produced 5000 liters of clean water.
The engineering troops also consisted of AVB-100 drilling rigs for digging trenches and shelters, as well as a SKS-36 compressor station for supplying compressed air to pneumatic working bodies and mechanisms. A special category of engineering vehicles was made up of floating pontoon parks for crossing water obstacles, worthy of a special article.
Chemical service vehicles
With the beginning of the serial production of the ZIS-5, test samples of chemical machines of various designs and purposes were assembled on its basis. These included bleach autodegassers AHI for cleaning the area, cars ADM for processing military equipment, mobile hot air degassers AGV for thermal cleaning of equipment.
In the late 1930s, filling stations were tested and recommended for production. ARS for cleaning objects from toxic substances and a chemical reconnaissance laboratory. The most "terrible" on this list was the chemical machine BHM-1, equipped with a tank with poisonous compounds and a pump for spraying them on the ground. Fortunately, during the war, all this technique was not useful.
Machine gun-cannon three-ton
Since 1934, three-ton tanks have served as the base of various anti-aircraft systems to protect military columns and large objects from air attacks. In their bodies, on special pedestals, anti-aircraft machines or turrets, Maxim machine guns, a 4M quad system, DShK large-caliber machine guns and an automatic anti-aircraft gun with a defeat height of about seven kilometers were mounted. Most of these vehicles were destroyed during the initial period of the war.
Huge losses and a shortage of armored vehicles at the first stage of the war led to the creation of its own armored hulls on the ZIS-5. The most famous were semi-armored trucks with armored cabins and a cargo platform with an anti-tank 45-mm gun, assembled in the summer of 1941 at the Izhora plant for the army of the people's militia.
Ambulance and staff buses
At the height of the war, on an ordinary ZIS-5 truck, the Moscow Automobile Plant assembled over five hundred simple medical service vehicles with multi-purpose wooden bodies, equipped with four hanging stretchers and longitudinal seats for lying and sitting wounded.
Otherwise, a short set of sanitary vehicles was reduced to three purely civilian city buses on elongated ZIS-5 chassis, which in the Red Army, without any special changes, were adapted to perform a wide variety of military tasks.
The bus was used both for the transportation of personnel and the deployment of headquarters, and for the transportation of 10-12 wounded to large hospital centers. In 1936, it equipped the first field operating room with a working room in a portable tent, and the cavalry units received veterinary care vehicles with a winch for dragging sick horses.
During wartime, the ZIS-8 cabin also housed sound broadcasting stations, workshops, filtering stations and photographic laboratories for processing and decoding aerial photographs.
Bus ZIS-16 served in large military formations for the transport of personnel, and its sanitary version with frosted glass could deliver up to ten lying wounded and 12 lightly wounded on longitudinal seats or folding benches.
The most capacious were the three-axle ambulance buses, converted in the fall of 1941 from the Leningrad passenger cars AL-2 with 6x2 wheel arrangement. They were equipped with two-tier stretchers, seats for 56 patients and were used to evacuate residents of besieged Leningrad along the Ice Road of Life.
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| Overloading the wounded and evacuated from the buses to the ambulance train (motion picture) |
Special versions of ZIS-5
Special versions of the three-ton were meant to be experienced and small-scale long-wheelbase versions, which in limited quantities entered the Red Army. The first of these was the chassis ZIS-11 with the equipment of fire lines PMZ-1, which served in large military formations and in air defense units.
The greatest success has been with the chassis vehicle ZIS-12... Its main feature was a low-sided wooden body with wheel wells, which made it possible to significantly lower the loading height. In the second half of the 1930s, it was produced in parallel ZIS-14 with a ground clearance increased due to the installation of larger wheels from the ZIS-16 bus, and steel amplifiers of the cargo platform.
In the Red Army, these vehicles were used to transport large-sized equipment, special vans and to install paired 25-mm anti-aircraft guns capable of hitting enemy aircraft at an altitude of up to two kilometers.
These chassis also carried low-loader bogies with powerful electric arc anti-aircraft searchlights and sound detectors, which were widely used during the war. With the help of several such searchlights, searchlight fields were created in the sky, which ensured the operation of anti-aircraft artillery and the night operations of Soviet fighter aircraft.
The title photo shows a typical PM-5-6 workshop in working order on a military-grade ZIS-5 chassis
The article uses only authentic illustrations.
Today, trucks are used to deliver a wide variety of goods and to provide services. Modern trucks are equipped with the latest technology to ensure driver comfort and safety on the road. But during the Great Patriotic War, even the simplest trucks performed real feats - these are the transportation of weapons, ammunition and the delivery of food. What is the cost of food delivery along the "Road of Life" to the surrounded Leningrad. About such a "hard worker" and will be discussed in this article.
Assembly of an onboard three-ton multipurpose truck ZIS-5V (plant named after Stalin, military) at a Soviet plant
ZIS-5 ("three-ton", "Zakhar", "Zakhar Ivanovich") - Soviet truck with a carrying capacity of 3 tons; the second largest truck of the 1930-1940s (the first place was taken by GAZ-AA). During the Second World War - one of the main transport vehicles of the Red Army. It was produced at the Stalin Automobile Plant from 1933 to 1948. During the war, simplified military modification The ZIS-5V was produced by the ZIS factories (1942-1946) UlZIS (1942-1944) and UralZIS (1944-1947).
In 1931, the Automobile Moscow Society (AMO) plant was rebuilt and began assembling a new AMO-2 truck. Aggregates and subassemblies for the car were supplied from America. Soon AMO-2 was modernized, and AMO-3 and AMO-4 saw the light. AMO-3 (carrying capacity 2.5 tons) in 1933 the plant was again seriously modernized. New car received the name ZiS - Plant named after Stalin. Cars AMO - 3 and ZIS - 5, unlike their predecessor, were made entirely from Soviet-made parts.
The first batch of ZIS - 5, consisting of 10 vehicles, was assembled in June 1933. The ZiS-5 was delivered to the conveyor on October 1, 1933 without preliminary assembly of a prototype. The simplicity of the design made it possible to start assembling without any major failures. Serial assembly of the new car was launched as soon as possible.
The design of the "three-ton" (this nickname was given to the ZiS-5 among the people, in the army it was also called "Zakhar Ivanovich") was classic for that time. The design was developed practically from scratch by AMO-ZIS engineers: EI Vazhinsky, VI Lyalin. and Strokanov BD .. The main accents in the development were to simplify the car and improve maintainability. In addition, it was required to improve the quality performance characteristics- increasing the cross-country ability and carrying capacity of the vehicle.
The displacement of the engine was increased to 5.55 liters, and the power was boosted to 73 hp. The radiator and air filter were also altered, the carburetor was modernized. Both bridges were changed, cardan shaft, gearbox and frame. On the rear axle, the ground clearance, the front brakes were replaced with a mechanical drive. The ZiS-5 cockpit was significantly different from the cockpit of its predecessor. It was made on a truck without a tarpaulin sidewall.
During the war years, the production of cars was constantly increasing. If in the first month only six or seven cars were assembled a day, then after a while the number was already tens and hundreds. The truck has proved itself to be excellent off-road and quickly gained a reputation as a reliable and unpretentious vehicle. As a rule, 4-5 tons were loaded onto the ZiS-5, even though the vehicle was designed to carry three tons. Despite the constant overload, the car went quietly, without strain. Improvement in performance was achieved thanks to the installation of a low-speed engine. The traction capabilities of the ZiS-5 are very close to the all-wheel drive trucks(in view of off-road, the car could be operated on roads of all categories all year round).
Insufficient torsional rigidity of the supporting frame (a slight omission in the design) played an increase in cross-country ability, since when overcoming irregularities, the working stroke of the wheels increased. The upgraded engine started without problems at negative temperatures, and any low-grade gasoline was suitable for its operation. When equipped, the truck could tow a trailer weighing up to 3.5 tons. The mileage before the first overhaul was 100 thousand km.
Soviet troops on the march. The infantry is moving along the sides of the road, in the center is the ZiS-5V truck
During the Second World War, the design of the ZIS-5 truck was greatly simplified. For the production of the cabin, wood and plywood were used, and the wings began to bend from rolled metal (stamping was used before the war). The brakes were removed on the front wheels. The same fate befell the right headlight. The number of folding sides was reduced to one. At the end of the war, the pre-war equipment was partially restored.
In 1946-1948, the transitional (to the ZIS-150) model ZIS-50 was produced. This machine equipped with a ZIS-120 engine (derated to 80 hp). Fuel consumption was 30 liters per 100 km. Considering all the modifications (25 modifications were developed, 19 of which were put into production), the production of cars of this model continued until 1958, and if we take into account the deeply modernized Ural ZIS - 355M - until 1965.
The ZIS-5 was also exported to other countries. For example, in 1934, a batch of 100 pieces. 5 was sold to Turkey. The export version of the ZIS-5 was distinguished by a nickel-plated radiator and a bumper consisting of two nickel-plated steel strips. Later, a modification of the ZIS-14 with an extended wheelbase was exported, as well as the ZIS-8 bus. In the 1930s, ZIS buses and trucks were exported to Afghanistan, Iran, Iraq, China, Spain, Lithuania, Latvia, Romania, Mongolia, Estonia and Turkey. A fairly large park of ZISs was formed after the Soviet-Finnish war in Finland, and of course, in the territories of the USSR occupied by Germany in 1941-1944.
Modifications:
ZIS-5V - simplified wartime modification;
ZIS-5U - modification with an anti-aircraft machine gun on a special turret in the back;
ZIS-5US - had devices for hanging a stretcher;
ZIS-6 is a six-wheeled off-road truck with a carrying capacity of 4 tons. The first multiple launch rocket launchers BM-13, BM-8 Katyusha were installed on the ZIS-6 chassis in the summer and autumn of 1941. In 1935, experimental buses ZIS-6 "Lux" were assembled on the ZIS-6 chassis, in 1939 a heavy armored vehicle BA-11 was created on the ZIS-6K chassis;
ZiS-8 - bus;
ZIS-10 - truck tractor, carrying capacity 3.5 tons;
ZIS-11 - lengthened chassis for fire trucks;
ZIS-12 - extended chassis for special purposes;
ZIS-13 - gas generator modification based on the ZIS-14 chassis;
ZIS-14 - special purpose chassis;
ZIS-15, ZIS-15K - a modernized truck intended to replace the ZIS-5. It featured a streamlined cabin and tail, an elongated and reinforced frame, an improved engine and an enlarged gas tank;
ZIS-16 - city bus;
ZIS-16C - ambulance bus;
ZIS-19 - construction dump truck;
ZIS-21 - gas generator modification;
ZIS-22 - half-track truck with a carrying capacity of 2.5 tons;
ZIS-22M - modernization of a half-track truck;
ZIS-30 - gas cylinder modification;
ZIS-32 - four-wheel drive truck;
ZIS-33, ZIS-35sh - detachable sets of half-track propellers;
ZIS-36 - four-wheel drive six-wheeled truck;
ZIS-41 - gas generator modification of a simplified design;
ZIS-42, ZIS-42M - a semi-tracked truck with a carrying capacity of 2.25 tons with a new design of a tracked propeller;
ZIS-44 - ambulance bus;
ZIS-50 - modification of the ZIS-5V equipped with a ZIS-120 engine (power 90 hp);
AT-8 is an experimental artillery tractor with a double power plant from ZIS-16 engines and a tracked propeller from the T-70 tank;
AT-14 is an experimental artillery tractor with a dual power plant made of ZIS-5MF engines.
LET - experimental electric vehicle;
ZIS-LTA is a semi-tracked logging vehicle.
From AMO-3 to ZIS-5
In an amicable way, the history of the ZIS-5 began not in 1933, when this car got on the conveyor, but two years earlier, on October 1, 1931, when a large-scale reconstruction was completed at the 1st State Automobile Plant, which made it possible to increase its production capacity several times , deploying a truly mass production of trucks.
Its result, in particular, was the launch of the country's first automotive conveyor, and the plant itself received the name of Comrade Stalin. Instead of the outdated AMO-F15 in its workshops, they mastered the production of more lifting AMO-3, which was based on the American "Autocar", until that time was gradually assembled under the designation AMO-2 from imported vehicle kits. His successor AMO-3, developed in 1928-1930 under the leadership of the head of the design department of the plant B.D. Strakanov, were already manufactured on a domestic aggregate base. They installed under the hood of the car Gas engine, which was based on the engine design of the American company "Hercules". As planned, the reconstruction made it possible to dramatically increase the rate of production: if in 1931 2.8 thousand trucks left the factory gates, then in 1932 - more than 15 thousand!
And nevertheless, AMO-3 turned out to be only a transitional model: immediately after launching into the series, one improvement after another began to be introduced into it: the gearbox was modernized, the volume of the radiator was increased, hydraulic drive front brakes on mechanical, and double propeller shaft on single. The dude disappeared from serial trucks front bumper, which was kept only on exhibition samples. The carrying capacity was increased from 2.5 to 3 tons, and the power of the engine, which received air filters- from 60 to 73 hp As a result of all these innovations, a car with more high performance, which was named ZIS-5. The first ten copies left the factory assembly line in June 1933, in 1934 the daily production of these cars was brought to 65 units. and at the end of 1937 exceeded the 60-thousandth mark.
A car for our conditions
The design of the ZIS-5 was typical of three-ton models of the early 1930s: carburetor engine, sturdy riveted frame, fully leaf spring suspension, rear axle drive, double metal-wood cab and fully wooden platform. The 6-cylinder under-valve engine with a working volume of 5.55 liters could even consume kerosene. In general, the car was distinguished by its simplicity of design, was maintainable and unpretentious. Its average mileage before overhaul was brought to 70 thousand km.
In addition to three tons in the back, the "Zakhar" could also tow a 3.5-ton trailer. That is, it could be used already as a road train, which increased the efficiency of transportation, and in military units - as a tractor for artillery guns. Moreover, the tests showed the excellent cross-country ability of the ZIS-5, which increased even more when tires with developed lugs were installed.
Until the war, the car was produced practically unchanged, but after the start of hostilities, its design was simplified as much as possible: the metal consumption of the cab was reduced by more than 100 kg, one of the headlights and the front brakes were removed, and the stamping of the front wings was replaced with flexible ones, using for this ordinary sheet products. Such a modification received the designation ZIS-5V - it was in this form that the truck was manufactured since 1942 in Ulyanovsk, where part of the equipment was evacuated from Moscow in 1941, and then its production was transferred to Miass, where it resumed in July 1944. 
The whole Zakharov family
On the basis of "Zakhara", a wide range of vans, tankers and tankers, as well as communal machines, including sprinklers and sand-spreaders, were mass-produced. For fire trucks, the plant in 1934 mastered the modification of the ZIS-11, the wheelbase of which was increased from 3810 to 4420 mm. Later, other long-wheelbase trucks appeared, of which the most famous is the ZIS-12 with a maximally lowered side platform, which received wheel wells (including used for the installation of searchlight and anti-aircraft installations). For towing semitrailers from 1938 to 1941, a modification of the ZIS-10 was made with a fifth wheel mounted behind the cab. 
In order to simplify operation in remote regions of the country, in 1936, a small-scale production of the gas generator ZIS-13 began, which worked on wood chocks. Three years later, it was replaced by an improved model ZIS-21, for which coal briquettes could also be used. The power of its engine was low, only 45 hp, which is why the carrying capacity had to be reduced to 2.4 tons. It is interesting to add here that the history of these gas-generating trucks after the war continued in Miass, where the production of ZIS was launched in May 1946. 21 on the basis of ZIS-5V, which prompted the People's Commissariat of Medium Machine Building in November of the same year to determine the Ural Automobile Plant as the leader in the production of gas generator ZISs. " In 1947-1948, the modernized ZIS-21A was installed on its conveyor, and in 1952 it was replaced by the UralZIS-352, which, thanks to the use of a centrifugal blower that supplied air to the gas generator, could work on wooden chocks of any humidity.
From 1934 to 1936, on the basis of the ZIS-5, a 29-seat ZIS-8 bus with a metal lining of a wooden body frame was serially built (547 units were made), and in 1938 a more streamlined and aesthetic 34-seat ZIS-16 with forced up to 84 hp engine (3250 units made).
The Zakhar also made a good showing in military service, becoming one of the most famous trucks of the Second World War. In addition, at the request of the military, who wanted to get a car with a higher cross-country ability and carrying capacity, in 1940 the plant began production of the half-track ZIS-22 developed on the basis of the ZIS-5, and in 1941 the all-wheel drive ZIS-32. Unfortunately, the war disrupted plans to expand their production - before eva 
Each of the models was produced in only two hundred copies. Later, when the plant resumed work in 1942, the production of half-track vehicles was resumed under the designation ZIS-42M and continued until 1944, but even during this period not so many were made - 6372 units. But by the beginning of the Great Patriotic Army, they managed to saturate the ZIS-6 with a 6x4 wheel arrangement unified with the ZIS-5, but distinguished by a higher cross-country ability - starting from 1934 and until the end of production in 1941, they were produced in an amount of a little more than 21.4 thousand. in particular, these trucks became the basis for the creation of the first rocket launchers multiple launch rocket launchers, called "Katyusha", as well as repair flyers and refuellers for mechanized units. 
In Moscow, the production of the ZIS-5 was curtailed in 1948, having produced more than 587 thousand, and in Miass, on the UralZIS conveyor under its own index, it lasted until February 1956, when a modification with streamlined front wheel fenders was installed on the conveyor, which received designation UralZIS-355 and produced until 1958.
The post-revolutionary formation of the national economy of the USSR, the development of industry and agriculture led to an increase in the volume of transported goods.
The AMO-F-15 trucks available at that time and a number of various imported vehicles clearly did not cope with the task. It was required to organize the production of a sufficient number of modern domestic cars.
History of creation
After reconstruction, in the late 20s - early 30s, the AMO (Automobile Moscow Society) plant began to produce a new AMO-2 truck, which was completely assembled from imported parts, based on the American AutoCar-SA truck. Since November 1931. the AMO-3 truck went into production, which differed from its predecessor rear axle, battery ignition, headlight brackets and the shape of the front fenders. New car consisted entirely of domestic components. As a result of a deep modernization of the AMO-3 car, carried out by Soviet designers headed by E.I. Vazhinsky, it turned out new model AMO-5. After the reconstruction, which ended on October 1, 1931, the AMO plant was renamed, and it became known as ZIS (plant named after Stalin), therefore, the truck received the designation ZiS-5. Unlike its predecessor, the ZiS-5 received an engine with increased power up to 73 hp. (at 2300 rpm), was created new box gears with four gears, instead of three, the hydraulic drive of the front wheel brakes was replaced by a mechanical one. The carrying capacity of the machine has also increased up to 3 tons. The first 10 vehicles were assembled in June 1933. The car was delivered to the conveyor without preliminary assembly of prototypes. The production of cars was constantly increasing, if at first 6-7 units were assembled per day, then the production reached tens and hundreds of cars per day. ZiS-5 immediately gained a reputation for being simple and reliable machine, he proved himself excellent in off-road conditions. The engine started easily in cold weather, and could consume gasoline with an octane rating of 45-60, and in warm weather it could run on kerosene. A truck designed for 3 tons could carry 4-5 tons of cargo without tearing. The ZiS-5 had an amazing cross-country ability, comparable to all-wheel drive trucks, it could be successfully operated at any time of the year on muddy or snowy dirt roads. This was achieved by high traction characteristics low-speed engine and good distribution of masses along the axles. The ZiS-5 did not differ in high comfort, the suspension was without shock absorbers, the cabin was not heated, and ventilation was carried out through the slightly open windshield, therefore, it was cold in the cabin in winter, and hot and dusty in summer. But on the other hand, the car had excellent maintainability, which was appreciated by German experts who tested the captured trucks. All parts of the machine could be disassembled and reassembled with a minimum amount of tools, and parts could only be broken with very rough and inept handling. During the Great Patriotic War, the need for trucks greatly increased, in addition to transporting goods, it could be used as a tractor for regimental, divisional guns and anti-aircraft guns. In October 1941, when the Germans came close to Moscow, the State Defense Committee decided to evacuate industrial enterprises to the rear, ZiS was sent to Ulyanovsk and Miass. The Ulyanovsk plant already in February 1942 began production of trucks from the available stock of parts. After the end of the Battle of Moscow, the plant returned from evacuation and in 1942 resumed production of the ZiS-5. In wartime, starting in 1942, the car was produced in the modification of the ZiS-5V "military". To simplify production, the stamped wings were replaced with bent ones, made of sheet metal, the wooden cabin was sheathed with plywood and clapboard, and the roof was made of wooden slats and covered with leatherette. The brakes were left only on the rear wheels, one tailgate remained in the folding body, and often, instead of two headlights, only one was put on the driver's side. On the basis of the ZiS-5, in addition to the truck, a large number of special vehicles were created. These were tankers and tanks for transporting and storing various liquids, searchlights and anti-aircraft installations, buses, sit-on tractors, half-track trucks, fire trucks, cranes, garbage trucks, city cleaning machines and many others. After the war, the ZiS-5 was used in the national economy for a long time, until it was replaced by more modern cars... We can say with confidence that the ZiS-5 made an invaluable contribution to the victory over the enemy in the Great Patriotic War and the post-war restoration of the national economy. In total, about a million copies of the ZIS-5 were produced, of various modifications.
Truck Specifications:
Length: 6060 mm
Height: 2160 mm
Width: 2230 mm
Ground clearance (clearance): 250 mm
Weight: 3100 kg.
Base: 3810mm
Front wheel track: 1545mm
Rear wheel track: 1675mm
Engine: carburetor ZIS;
Power: 76 hp
Transmission: manual transmission 4
Maximum speed (on the road): 60 km / h;
Cruising range: 200 km
Fuel consumption: 30-33 l / 100km
Carrying capacity: 3000 kg (25 people can be transported in the back)
Overcome ford: 0.6 m
Climb angle with full load: 14-15 o
Permitted trailer weight: 3500 kg
Today I offer you a photo review of the ZiS-5 truck, made during the celebration of May 9, 2014. This car from the exposition of the museum of the Ulyanovsk Automobile Plant is in good working order technical condition, and arrived at the event on its own.
Models of this truck come in various scales and by different manufacturers. In more detail, we will consider the construction of the ZiS-5 model on a scale of 1:72 from the Elf company.
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