Mini tractor fracture classic 4x4 do-it-yourself drawings. Homemade fracture mini-tractor. Construction tools

Homemade mini tractor with a breaking frame

When there is a need for a high-quality mechanical device, which is indispensable when digging up the soil, planting various crops, it is obvious that for buying a colossus in a store, you need to pay a large sum. In order not to waste the family budget, you can build a fracture mini-tractor with your own hands.

What is he like?

Homemade mini tractor The break 4X4 looks like a standard tractor built on a walk-behind tractor. There are three types of tractors:

homemade;
factory;
converted with factory tools.

Self-assembled mini tractor

Assembling a tractor with your own hands is not an easy, but rather interesting activity that requires diligence and concentration. There are a large number of assembly variations, but there is an optimal design, not only for experienced but also for novice designers. The design is shown in the photo.

Homemade mini tractor design

Let's take a look at the frame design first. Not looking at the angularity from the outside, all the nodes that connect and chassis parts are distributed rationally.

Main parts of the frame:

spars;
traverse.

The tractor spars have a three-stage assembled structure. The steps in the front are made of channels of the tenth size, the last one is made of a square-shaped pipe (material steel), with sides 80X80 mm. The traverse at the back is also made of a sixteenth channel, and in the front, a twelfth. The exact same system is also suitable for the preparation of the cross member.

For the tractor, you can choose any engine that suits the power. The best option is a 4-cylinder water-cooled diesel engine. In terms of power - 40 hp, but as for a self-made model of a mini-tractor for the purpose of working on home areas, this is quite enough.

The PTO transfer case and gearbox will fit from an ownerless GAZ-53 (or a similar model), and the clutch will fit from a GAZ-52. For joining the clutch basket with power unit it is important to rebuild the flywheel of the engine and build an updated basket cover in order to fit the required size. The flywheel is machined on a lathe. You need to cut off the area at the back and carve another span in the middle.

The bridge is integrated into the mechanism without significant changes. It can be used in any size. Four ladders facilitate attachment to the frame. Cardan shaft can be composed with different cars... Good shock absorption is achieved by fitting 18-inch tires.

Fitting wheels to hubs is easy. You can see that a part of it is cut out of the disk in the center with a hole for installation, instead of which the central part of the disk from the ZIL-130 is welded. The bridge in front is under construction on their own- you do not need to have serious skills for this, since he is not a leader. To simplify the assembly process, you can move the bridge from other machines.

Wheelbase

The wheelbase for a mini tractor is important to pay special attention to. Of course, it is sufficient to use wheels made of passenger car, but here it is worth going measured. The required dimensions of the wheel disks for the front axle are approximately 14 inches. If you choose a smaller diameter, then there is a risk of incorrect operation of the mini tractor in the future. After all, it is important for us that the tractor does not fall into the ground. But there is another side of the coin - if the front wheels are too huge, the driver will have to gain strength to perform certain maneuvers. It will be physically difficult. But this process can be simplified by using the power steering.

It is important that the tires of the wheels in a homemade mini tractor have good lugs. This will make the tractor more maneuverable, less stress on the undercarriage and easier work.

Steering wheel control

To increase the maneuverability of the tractor, it is necessary to install the hydraulic steering on the steering wheel. It is possible to find hydraulics on equipment that was written off in agriculture. To assemble it, you need an oil pump, which will be put into operation thanks to the engine. It provides the required pressure in the hydraulic motors. It is good when the wheels of the main shaft are to be controlled by a gearbox. The direction of rotation is due to a simple distributor with four working positions.

Photo of drawings of nodes

Suspension front wheel(pos. 2,3,4,5,6,7.8,9,11,12,13,15 - from the car ZAZ-968): 1 - frame portal; 2 - suspension arm (from the Zaporozhets car); 3 - rubber buffer; 4 - flange; 5 - shock absorber; 6 - lower spring cup; 7 - spring; 8 - the upper glass of the shock absorber; 9 - screw with washer: 10 - rubber gasket; 11 - nut with washer; 12 - shock absorber silent block; 13 - pin bracket of the suspension arm; 14 - a bolt with a split nut (2 sets); 15 - silent block of the lever (2 pcs.)
Scheme brake system: 1 - handle; 2 - leash for removing the stopper; 3 - toothed sector; 4 - stopper dog; 5 - rod with adjustable fork tip; 6 - drive lever; 7 - drum with a brake mechanism; 8 - gearbox; nine - cardan joint; 10 - lever travel stop; 11 - bolt of fastening of the gear sector to the gearbox housing; 12 - lever axis
Steering scheme (a - left turn; b - right turn): 1 - steering wheel with a hydraulic cylinder; 2 - vertical rack of the front half-frame; 3 - bracket for the rod of the working cylinder, 4 - the working cylinder; 5 - rear semi-frame; 6 - articulating hinge; 7 - hydraulic hoses

With your own hands, you can design a 4x4 mini tractor with a breaking frame.

The four-wheel drive tractor with a 4x4 break frame has the main advantage - good maneuverability. This, of course, complicates the assembly, since it is necessary to design a correct and high-quality shaft with connections.

During the manufacture of a homemade tractor with a breaking frame, it is necessary to use the cardan shafts of the main drive with trucks... There are many videos on making tractors yourself.

But the principles of manufacturing are used almost the same everywhere. In all tractors, the gearbox is retracted to the driver and fixed to the frame, the steering rods facilitate steering. Everywhere there is a hydraulic drum brake, which, like the clutch, has a pedal control. The accelerator and attachments are used manually.

Different parts are needed to design a mini tractor. Automotive fit perfectly. For example, a drum brake will fit the front wheels. The steering rack and pedal control will fit from a small VAZ car. According to the principle of searching for spare parts on the market, you can choose a manual control, a seat and other necessary parts for a mini tractor.

Construction tools

In addition to spare parts, it is important to use a wide range of tools:

welding machine;
drill;
spanners;
disc plate and many others.

Sometimes, when designing, you may need to contact a welding professional or auto repair. Here you need to build on your own skills and capabilities.

Control and seat

Usually, the installation of the control system and the kinematic diagram is started after the design of the chassis. An important point in this matter is the correctly placed seat. For this case, a passenger car seat is perfect. It is easy to find it in car workshops or auto repair shops. It is important that the steering wheel is attached at a comfortable height for the driver. The steering wheel should not push the knees, so it should be mounted so that the labor process does not provoke any sensations of discomfort.

Engine and bodywork

After chassis assembled, the kinematic plan is implemented, the seat is installed, you can begin to mount the main part of the mini-tractor - the engine. In order to properly fix it on the frame, it is necessary to use a specialized slotted plate. It also provides the necessary rigidity to the chassis. Then the electrical and mechanical circuits of the control system are laid. The body is sheathed according to the manufacturer's wishes. But certain components and parts of the body, it is better to hide in order to prevent clogging and breakage in contact with the ground and unnecessary objects.

Assembly technology

Before you create this colossus with your own hands, you should decide for what specific purposes it is intended. Perhaps in a certain case, mowers, milling cutters, shovels are important. The process of fracture itself is described by a simple, concise method: the walk-behind tractor is located on a frame built on its own. As for the brake system, it must be of the drum type, and steering rack can be used from domestic Zhiguli.

When the Neva walk-behind tractor is taken as the basis of the tractor, it is more expedient to choose it with a coupling, thanks to which it will be able to transport loads and trailers with a body. Of course, a machine that was designed on a profile, high-quality walk-behind tractor will become a strong, strong and durable model of a fracture tractor. Proceeding from this, the efficiency of the tractor and the service life will increase. One of the many suitable types of such devices can be a motoblock powered by a Centaur diesel engine with a capacity of 9 hp. When choosing such an important component as a walk-behind tractor, it is worth understanding the purpose and functions that you want to assign to the mini tractor. It is necessary to analyze in detail the arrangement of the body. Think over how it will be combined with the motor unit. In the manufacture of the body and frame, profiled pipes or metal corners will help. By setting strong engine, the body can be built from a small trailer to the car. It is important to consider in advance how to attach it to the walk-behind tractor.

A self-built 4x4 breakaway mini-tractor will be indispensable for working in summer cottages, small rural gardens. It is important to know that the cost of this colossus will be small compared to the cost of a mini tractor in specialized retail outlets.

Many farmers are interested in how to make a fracture mini tractor with their own hands. The mini-tractor helps to efficiently and quickly plow even the most extensive areas. You can do homemade tractor with a break frame on your own so as not to spend money on the purchase of an industrial unit.

What is a fracture mini-tractor

Outwardly, such a homemade 4x4 fracture mini-tractor is a conventional mechanism. The operation of such a machine is provided by the walk-behind tractor that underlies it.

Conventionally, a mini tractor with a break frame can be divided into 3 categories:

Homemade - a 4x4 tractor, assembled by hand.
The factory model is a classic for those who do not risk making a break with their own hands.
50/50 - a factory tractor, modified by the tractor driver to the desired result on his own.

Let's present an overview of a hand-made fracture mini-tractor. Consider yourself from the simplest elements.

How to make a fracture mini-tractor with your own hands

Homemade mini tractors with a breakable frame require certain skills from their manufacturer. Building such a machine is not easy. There are quite a few options for making a homemade minitractor, but among homemade products there are the best option, which can be done, based on the necessary drawings, almost everyone, even novice designers. You can find the necessary calculations and a diagram of the assembly units on the Internet.

You need to start assembling a homemade 4x4 fracture tractor by carefully studying how to design a frame. The frame consists of 2 main components:

The spars are a three-stage prefabricated element. The front steps are assembled from channels (tenth dimensions), the outer steps are constructed from a steel square pipe, the width and length of the sides of which are 80 mm.
The traverse on the rear of the tractor is made from 16 channel bars, the front traverse is made from 12 channel bars. The cross member is made in the same way.

Tractor power plant

As for the engine for a homemade tractor, breakage 4x4, any power point corresponding to the power requirements. As a rule, experts recommend using a four-cylinder diesel engine equipped with a water cooling system. Power 40 hp it is quite suitable for a tractor on which it is planned to work on small-sized personal plots. A tractor with an Oka engine is often used, sometimes with a VAZ engine. In rare cases, it is allowed to start a tractor with a Lifan engine. It is best to make a unit with an Oka engine.

See " DIY plow manufacturing and adjustment on MTZ-82

The gearbox can be used from a non-working GAZ vehicle. In order to connect the clutch basket to the motor, it is necessary to design a flywheel with an engine from scratch and make a modernized basket cover so that it can be adjusted to the required dimensions.

The bridge does not require special knowledge or skills, as it is installed on the equipment without any changes. It is attached to the frame with 2 pairs of ladders.

The propeller shaft can be taken from any car, and in order to provide the car with high-quality shock absorption, you need to install tires with a diameter of 18 inches.

The wheels are installed on the hubs simply. The central part is cut out of the disc, where the hole for installation is located. Instead of this part, the designer welds the center of the disk from the ZIL-130. The front axle can be made independently, as this does not require special skills: this bridge will not be the leading one. If you are afraid to take on such a responsible business, just take the bridge from another car.

Manufacturing of tractor wheels

Consider creating a mini-tractor wheelbase. You can install wheels removed from a car on a home-made tractor of a break, but here you will need to take into account a number of factors at once. For example, wheels mounted on the front axle should be approximately 14 inches in diameter. In the event that you choose smaller wheels, there will be a great risk of malfunctioning of the structure in the future: the tractor runs the risk of falling into the ground. However, you cannot overdo it with dimensions, otherwise the tractor driver will have to make great efforts to perform even the simplest maneuvers: the steering wheel will be very difficult to turn. However, this task can be simplified a little if steering column will be equipped with a hydraulic booster.

Please note that the tires on the tractor must be equipped with good lugs. This will make the mini tractor, created with your own hands, more maneuverable, reduce the load on the wheelbase and simplify work on it.

See " Instructions for self-repair of the main working units of the T-40 tractor

For greater maneuverability, a do-it-yourself mini-fracture tractor can be equipped with a hydraulic power steering column. The hydraulics can be removed from any other agricultural equipment. To assemble such equipment, you will need an oil pump that will be powered by an engine. This element creates correct pressure in the hydraulic motor.

If you want to achieve maximum ease of use, you can make an all-wheel drive fracture mini-tractor yourself. Four-wheel drive, even made with your own hands, allows you to achieve good maneuverability. Of course, all-wheel drive makes the assembly of all structural components more difficult, since you will have to make the shaft with all the quality and correct connections.

If you are going to make a tractor with four-wheel drive, it is recommended to find a video review, which will show in detail and tell you how and what to do. Remember that assembling a mini tractor will require utmost care.

A mini tractor 4x4 fracture with their own hands is designed with the help of a variety of spare parts, most of which are borrowed from cars, but not only they will be needed during work. For example, in order to make a pivot point or a break point, you need to acquire a welding machine, drill, fasteners and tools for joining parts. The fracture node for a mini tractor requires special attention during collection and you may need to turn to professionals for at least advice.

A fracture tractor with its own hands cannot do without installing a driver's seat. As a rule, the control system, including the seat, is installed after the main part of the work with the frame with your own hands is over. This technique often uses seats taken from cars. Such an item is easy to purchase at any automotive store. Remember that the steering wheel must be positioned at a comfortable height for the tractor driver. It should not be placed too low above the knees, but also should not be installed high: hands can get tired quickly.

You don't have to buy a tractor - you can assemble it yourself. There is an assembly option with a monolithic frame, which is easier, or with a broken line - you have to tinker with it, but the car turns out to be maneuverable. A homemade mini-tractor of a break 4x4 is constructed entirely from elements of old cars and equipment.

The tractor received the name “break” because of the frame, which consists of two parts. Before starting the assembly, you need to have a diagram with the dimensions of the nodes so that all the elements fit in size.

DIY 4x4 tractor with a fracture frame

This process can be described general scheme, but in practice, almost every self-taught assembler makes his own adjustments to the design.

To assemble a mini-tractor, do-it-yourself fractures usually adhere to the following requirements:

The frame has a 3-stage spar system. For the front ones, take channel # 10. The third stage is made from a pipe with a cut of 8 by 8 cm.
The front traverse can be made of channel # 12, for the rear one it is best to use # 16.
The crossbeams are built according to the same system.
The engine is selected according to suitable characteristics - size, power, type of attachment.
Most often choose 4-cylinder diesel engine 40 liters. with.
Liquid cooling allows the equipment to work all day without overheating.
The next step is to install the power take-off shaft, gearbox, transfer case... The parts of the old GAZ-53 truck are ideal.

To connect the motor and clutch, you will need to rework the flywheel - trimming its rear part and grinding a new span. Upgrading the casing consists of adjusting to the desired size.

The propeller shaft and rear axle will fit from any car, you do not need to change anything in it.

How to install a wheelbase with your own hands?

The main thing here is to choose the correct wheel diameter. For a mini-tractor with a breakable frame, it can also be taken from passenger car mobile, if the diameter of the discs is at least 14 inches. Too small wheels will get stuck in the ground, and large ones will make it difficult to control the equipment. The use of the tractor can be facilitated by installing a hydraulic system. It can be completely removed from any decommissioned agricultural machinery.

The front axle can be easily constructed from a pipe by installing bearings on it. Another option is to take from another, unnecessary technique.
Tires should be chosen with a deep tread pattern - this increases the maneuverability of the tractor.
18-inch tires provide good cushioning.

Rear wheels are mounted on the axle hub in a simple way: the center of the disk with the mounting holes is cut out, and the same part from the ZIL-130 is welded to this place.

How to install the steering wheel correctly?

Anyone is suitable for assembling a mini-tractor with your own hands steering taken from a passenger car. The most successful option will be the option with a hydraulic system - this will improve the controllability of the tractor.

An oil pump is also needed - it is started by the engine. The main wheels are best connected through a gearbox.

An important element of the system is a hydromechanical drum brake. It connects with a pedal rod.

After all parts of the structure are assembled, the operator's workplace is drawn up. For this, an adjustable seat is installed. You can build a canopy with your own hands, fixing it on 4 welded uprights.

To ensure safety, the engine and all internal elements are hidden under a steel casing - it is usually bent out of a sheet of galvanized steel. To work in dark time for 24 hours the tractor is equipped with a headlight and a battery for it.

Rural life involves a lot of work, typical of of this type terrain. Nobody disputes the honor of manual labor, but the use of small mechanization means, in this case, can only be welcomed. However, not all categories of citizens have the opportunity to purchase a ready-made four-wheel drive mini-tractor in a special store, because the price of even the "cheapest" model can be at least 50 thousand rubles.

Here all sorts of craftsmen appear who have adapted to make such units out of all the rubbish that they have in the garage.

What a careless owner would have thrown into a landfill, a savvy and resourceful person is able to make a completely workable device out of this that can perform basic agricultural work.

Quite popular among such craftsmen is the do-it-yourself 4x4 fracture mini-tractor, which is a rather bizarre design.

An all-wheel drive mini-tractor, made by hand, has quite good cross-country characteristics, which makes it possible to perform virtually the same front of work as shop counterparts, such as,.