Self-propelled, wheeled, double-drum, intended for harvesting grain crops by direct and separate combining. Using additional devices, the combine can harvest seed plants of grasses, corn for grain and silage, sunflowers, soybeans, legumes and cereals. For harvesting the non-grain part of the crop, it is completed with a stacker. It consists of a reaping part (1), a thresher (with a two-drum threshing apparatus, separating, cleaning and transporting devices (6)), a hopper (4) with an unloading device, a motor unit, a power transmission, a running gear, a cab with a control platform, a hydraulic system, electrical equipment and signaling.
The reaping part includes a header and a feeder chamber attached to the thresher. The header body is hinged to the feeder chamber at three points on the central spherical hinge and two hinged suspensions of the spring blocks and is balanced by these springs. Due to this, the soil relief is copied in the longitudinal and transverse directions. The cutterbar, the auger, the reel and the drive mechanisms of these working bodies are mounted on the header body.
The reel is universal, with an eccentric mechanism, tine spring tines. It is driven by a double-circuit chain drive from the upper pulley of the reel speed variator.
The inclined chamber consists of a body and a chain-slat conveyor. The body is hingedly connected to the receiving chamber of the thresher. The cutterbar has single forged steel fingers with notched inserts.
The thresher includes a receiving beater, a two-drum threshing and separating device, a straw walker (7), cleaning, transporting devices, drives and mechanisms for adjusting the working bodies. The receiving beater blades are tangentially located.
Combine SKD-6 is significantly different from its predecessor. The grain tank capacity has been increased to 4.5 m3 and the area of the upper cleaning sieve has been increased. Engine power - 140 hp. with. (103 kW). The harvester has a comfortable cab.
A new modification of the Sibiryak combine under the SKD-6AN brand is produced in a complete set for the Non-Chernozem zone. This harvester is a modification of the SKD-6 harvester and has the following features:
The header is equipped with a fingerless cutterbar, a reel with a hydraulic take-out and spring tine arms. The reel supports are curved so that when the reel is moved forward, the tines of the tine arms drop below the cutterbar line by 50 mm;
an SMD-22 engine with a power of 103 kW (140 hp) was installed;
the MK-23 drive wheel axle is hydraulically driven by an MR-23 hydraulic motor with a GOST-90 hydraulic pump;
the threshing drum is equipped with a hydromechanism of reverse rotation when hammering;
tires from the K-700 tractor are installed on the drive axle;
the track of the steered wheels has been expanded;
sun louvers are installed on the cab.
Harvester Adjustment
Starting harvesting, it is necessary to assess the state of the culture and, depending on the specific working conditions, pre-adjust the working bodies of the combine, using the recommendations. After passing 50–100 m, the combine should be stopped, the quality of work should be checked and, if necessary, individual adjustments should be made more precise.
The pre-adjusted header and thresher of the combine may in some cases work unsatisfactorily due to the abruptly changing state of the stalk, debris, field unevenness, etc. For additional adjustment of the combine depending on grain loss and its quality in the bunker, certain schemes should be used. A change in the moisture content of the mass during the day necessitates a two-fold daily reconfiguration of the combine: at 12-13 hours - for harvesting dry mass; at 17-18 o'clock - for work in the evening and morning hours of work - to harvest the moistened mass.
On seed plots, it is recommended to use combines that have harvested at least 100 and not more than 350 hectares of grain. This will ensure the receipt of grain with the lowest percentage of crushing and microdamage. For the technological adjustment of combine harvesters, a "Combine operator's bag" is produced, which contains tools and accessories, diagrams for additional adjustment of working bodies, two detectors of operating modes for combines SKD-5 and SK-5, SK-6 of grain modifications and instructions for using the entire set.
Mode identifiers contain information on presetting combines. Determinant of operating modes of the header and thresher combine harvester consists of two external and one internal drives. On the inner disc, on both sides, sectors are marked, corresponding to different states of the stalk, and the numbers of adjusting parameters: on the one hand, for the header, on the other, for the thresher. The external discs have the names of the adjustment parameters corresponding to the numbers on the inner disc. In addition, there are additions on the external discs for assessing the harvesting conditions, choosing the required reel revolutions and setting the height of the apron above the straw walker, etc. To set up the harvester according to the mode detector, you must start with the header. First, the yield of the grain mass and its condition are determined, then the outer disc with recommendations for the header is turned so that its cut coincides with the sector of the inner disc containing the stalk state indicators, the preliminary values of the adjustment parameters are selected (the height and removal of the reel, the gaps between the auger and the bottom of the header , reel speed and tine angle) and adjust the chute accordingly.
Aligning the notch of the outer disc with the corresponding sector of the inner disc selects the preliminary adjustment for the threshing apparatus.
When adjusting the two-drum threshing apparatus of the combine for harvesting grain crops, it must be remembered that the rotational speed of the first drum under normal operating conditions should be 150-200 min-1 less than the second, and the threshing gaps should be 2-4 mm larger.
Given the high yields, it is very important to combine separate harvesting with direct combining. The mowing of grain into rolls is started when the moisture content of the grain at the root drops to 35%. At 17–18% grain moisture, separate harvesting is stopped and switched to direct combining.
Harvesters must be adjusted so that the grain is not crushed or injured during threshing. It is especially important to take this into account when harvesting seed plots.
Repair of bridges of the SKD-6 combine
The main defects of bridges
Major defects front axle combine: fractures of parts, increased noise, individual knocks, increased heating during operation and violation of adjustments as a result of wear of bearings and their seats (1), spline, keyway and smooth moving joints, violations of riveted, bolted and other fixed joints, as well as as a result of wear of antifriction linings, gearing and bending of individual parts, wear of the swing axis and bushing for this axis in the front axle beam, wear of pins, pins and holes for them; wear of the axle journal shaft, bushings for the axle journal shaft, bearing seats and bearings; wear or damage to splines and threads. The wear of the front axle parts interferes with its adjustment, and the breakage of the parts can lead to an accident.
The main defects of the rear axles: curvature of the rear axle, transverse thrust and swing arms, wear of the rear axle seat for the king pin, pins and bushings for the king pins (3), seats for the bearings of the pivot pins, thread stripping. The wear of the rear axle parts disturbs the installation of the rear wheels, increases the one-sided wear of the rubber on them and makes it difficult to drive.
Premature wear of rear axle parts is caused by untimely lubrication, driving at high speeds on uneven roads, improper adjustment of slewing couplings, bevel gears and bearings, prolonged operation with an unacceptable load, use lubricants intended for this machine or not corresponding to the change of year.
Restoration of bridge parts
The front axles are disassembled on special stands. Techniques for disassembling and detecting parts are the same as when repairing gearboxes. Restoration of front axle parts consists of separate operations depending on the nature of the defect. The housing of the transmission or the front axle of the combine, usually cast from gray cast iron, can have the following defects: cracks, breaks, wear and damage to threaded holes, wear of seats for bearings and seats or bearing shells.
The hull is rejected in case of emergency breaks, as well as depending on the defect, technological capabilities of repair and economic feasibility.
Cracks in the walls and bottom, holes, as well as worn out threaded holes, bearing seats and other defects are repaired by the same methods as when repairing gearbox housings. The crankcase of the front axle of cars, made of ductile iron or steel, has the following defects: damage or wear of the holes for the center bolts of the springs, bending of the half-axle housings, wear of the seats for the outer and inner rings of bearings and seats for seals, wear of the inner and outer threads ... The damaged hole for the head of the central bolt of the spring is welded, cleaned and drilled a hole of normal size. Bent casings are driven under pressure.
The seats for the inner rings of the bearings and for the seal are welded, grinded and ground to normal size.
Worn out seats for the outer rings of bearings in cast-iron housings are restored by placing bushings, and steel bushings, in addition, by surfacing with subsequent processing to a normal size.
The damaged external thread on the half-shaft casing is welded over and a new one is cut. Worn washers under the bearing rings and under the seal are restored by surfacing, placing a sleeve or expanding with subsequent processing to the nominal size. Holes with damaged threads for mounting bolts of roller bearings or gearbox housing are reamed using special tools and an oversized thread is cut.
Differential parts have the following main wears: bearing seats, holes for semi-axle journals, end and spherical surfaces for half-axle gear satellites, holes for cross-piece bearings and for tie bolts in the differential cup, teeth, end surfaces and holes in satellites, necks of crosses, teeth and end surfaces of semi-axial gears (12).
The seat for the bearing of the differential cup is set by expanding, surfacing, chrome plating or ironing, followed by processing to the nominal size. To avoid warping of the differential cup (8) during surfacing, it is preheated.
The holes for the necks of the semi-axle gears are bored, and the necks of these gears are chrome-plated and ground until a normal clearance of 0.065 ... 0.165 mm is obtained.
Sometimes they do the opposite: the necks of the gears are ground until traces of wear are detected, and the holes of the differential cup are restored by setting a sleeve made of a material similar to the material of the cup, and they are processed until the required clearance is obtained.
In case of wear and tear, the end surface under the half-axle gear and the spherical under the satellites are grinded until wear marks are removed and ground.
The crosspiece bearing bores are expanded to accommodate the increased bearing size.
Holes for bolts or rivets of the driven gear are deployed to the increased size.
Satellites (11) and half-axle gears (12) with worn teeth are discarded. The damaged or worn end surface of the half-axle gear and the spherical surface of the satellites are grinded and ground.
The worn holes of the satellites (11) are ground until the wear marks are removed and the correct geometric shape is obtained.
The axles or necks of the crosspieces are chrome plated and polished to the size of the holes in the satellites, creating the necessary clearance, and a tight fit in the holes of the differential cup.
The necks of the crosses can be restored by placing cemented bushings, which are then grinded to the size of the holes of the satellites. After grinding, all the axes of the necks of the cross must lie in the same plane and be perpendicular to each other. The permissible deviation is 0.05 mm at the extreme points. 280
Half-shafts, most often made of alloy steels of grades 40ХГТР, 40Х, 35ХГС, may have the following defects: wear of splines, seats of bearings and seals, wear of holes in the flange, bending.
Half-shafts are rejected in case of fracture, cracks and wear of the splines to sizes exceeding the allowable ones, and automobile ones - in case of cracks and breaks of the flange.
Worn places for seals and bearings, keyways and splines are restored in the same way as gearbox shafts.
Worn holes in the axle shaft flange are welded and new drilled. Sometimes new holes are drilled between the existing ones without welding. The holes are drilled using an overhead conductor and a special tool.
The bent axles are driven under pressure.
The front wheel hubs of automobiles, usually made of ductile cast iron K.Ch 35-10 or K.Ch 37-12, have the following defects; wear of the bearing seats, warpage of the brake drum mounting flange, wear of the holes for the wheel studs and threaded holes for the studs or axle shaft bolts. The hub is discarded in case of cracks and breaks.
Worn out bearing housings are restored by placing bushings or welded on and bored.
Warping of the hub flange for mounting the brake drum is eliminated by grinding using a special tool.
The holes for the wheel studs are restored by installing repair bushings. Damaged or stripped threads in the holes for the studs or bolts of the flange of the half-shaft are restored by setting threaded inserts (screwdrivers) or drilled holes between the existing ones along the conductor using special tools and cut a new thread.
The shafts, axles and gears of the rear axles and transmissions have the same defects, they are restored by the same methods as similar parts of transmissions.
Restoration of parts of rear axles. The swing axis is rotated 180 ° in case of one-sided wear, and in case of double-sided wear, it is deposited and processed to a normal or increased size. The hole for the axle is expanded to an increased size or restored by setting the sleeve. The seats for the axle pivot shaft bushings are welded and processed to the normal size.
Worn holes for pins and pins are expanded to an increased size and new pins and pins are made.
The seats for the bearings of the pivot pins are restored by ironing or applying a polymer elastomer. Worn splines of pivot pins or shafts of axial pins are fused with plasma streams or vibro-arc surfacing, grind and cut new ones. It is allowed to install a key instead of the splined connection of the pivot levers with trunnions. Bent pivot arms rule, and cracked arms reject.
The curvature and twisting of the front axle is determined by various devices, templates, rulers, angles. The axles drive under pressure in a cold state.
At specialized auto repair enterprises, the front axles are checked and adjusted at special stands. Before checking, restore the axle pads for fastening the springs. The areas are welded on and machined with an abrasive wheel on a flexible shaft.
The axis with cracks is discarded. The holes for the kingpin are expanded to an increased size with little wear, and they are bored with large wear. Bushings are pressed into the bore holes and deployed to their normal size. The seating surfaces of the pivot pins for bearings are restored with chrome plating or iron plating, followed by grinding to a normal size. Restoration by electromechanical processing with the use of additional material or without it is allowed, but without processing the fillets of the trunnion. You can also restore the bearing seats by applying a film of elastomer GEN-150 (V). It is dangerous to use manual electric arc or other types of electric arc and gas surfacing, they reduce the fatigue strength of the trunnion, which leads to breakdowns and accidents.
Worn out pivot bushings are replaced with new ones. They are deployed perpendicular to the inner ends of the bushings, ensuring the alignment of the holes. One sleeve is pressed in and deployed by inserting the reamer guide shank into a specially left old sleeve, then the second sleeve is pressed in and processed. When pressing in, observe the alignment of the lubrication holes. After processing, the surfaces and oil grooves of the bushings are thoroughly cleaned of chips.
Worn holes are deployed and bushings enlarged on the outer diameter are pressed into them with an interference fit of 0.01 ... 0.1 mm.
The damaged thread of the trunnion shank is ground and cut into a new, repair size, or welded on and cut into a normal size thread.
The pivot (3) is characterized by wear on the outer surface under the bushings. It is chrome plated and polished to a normal or oversized size.
Sometimes the pivots are ground until wear is removed, and the bushings are deployed under the reduced pivot size.
Assembly and adjustment of bridges
The assembly and adjustment of the front axle is carried out at the disassembly stands.
The front axles of the combines are assembled in the following sequence. The front axle is placed on the stand. In the pivot pins, the pivot levers are fixed, the pins are installed on the axle and the transverse steering rod... Install support brake discs and brake pads. Install brake drums and wheels assembly. Check the correctness of the installation of the wheels and adjust the angle of their convergence and the maximum angle of rotation. A certain camber angle of the front wheels and the angle of rotation of the king pin back are provided by the design of the front axle and pivots.
New types of agricultural machines
Combine Yenisei-1200-NM
Combine harvester Yenisei-1200-NM is a powerful modern combine of the 4th class, designed for fields of medium and high yield. In terms of productivity and power, it surpasses all previous models of Krasnoyarsk combines. It uses a hydraulic transmission, a new reinforced drive axle. The harvester is completed powerful diesel and an improved high-volume hopper. The double drum thresher with an increased active separation area gives the combine significant throughput and productivity.
Specifications
Literature
1. Babusenko S.M. Repair of tractors and cars. Moscow: Kolos, 1980.
2. Babusenko S.M. Workshop on the repair of tractors and cars. Moscow: Kolos, 1978.
3. Belskikh V.I. Reference for maintenance and diagnostics of tractors. M .: Rosselkhozizdat., 1979.
4. Lensky A.V., Yaskorsky G.V. Handbook of the tractor driver - driver. M .: Rosselkhozizdat., 1976.
5. Ulman I.G. etc. Repair of machines. Moscow: Kolos, 1982.
6. Chernoivanov V.I., Andreev V.P. Restoration of parts of agricultural machinery. Moscow: Kolos, 1983.
When buying bread in a store, people very often do not even think about how hard and responsible work it is to grow this very bread. Centuries go by, and bread invariably occupies a dominant place in the diet. How many expressions, aphorisms and wisdom are associated with this product. And today we will talk about one of the tools that plays a crucial role in the production of bread.
1.SC-3
Self-propelled harvester, 3rd model. Soviet grain harvester, which was created by GSKB for self-propelled grain harvesters and cotton harvesting machines in the city of Taganrog. The project was supervised by Canaan Ilyich Isakson. The car was produced from 1958 to 1964. A total of 169 thousand combines were created. It was the first Soviet harvester equipped with hydraulic power steering. SK-3 was also awarded a diploma from the Brussels Exhibition.
2.SC-4
Self-propelled harvester, 4th model. As you might guess, came to replace more old model- SK-3. The car was produced from 1964 to 1974 at the Taganrog Combine Plant, as well as in Rostselmash. The combine harvester has received an award from the Leipzig International Trade Fair as well as awards from trade fairs in Brno and Budapest. The team-developer of the machine under the leadership of Kh. I. Izakson was awarded the Lenin Prize.
3. SKD-6 "Sibiryak"
A two-drum Soviet combine, which was produced in the period from 1981 to 1984 at the Krasnoyarsk Combine Plant. The machine was a product of a deep modification SKD-5 "Sibiryak", which had been produced since 1969 and, despite its high reliability, was morally obsolete by the 80s of the XX century. The machine had many "special" modifications, including for harvesting rice, working in areas without black soil, a model with an extended track.
4. Yenisei 1200
Even young people should remember the combine with the beautiful name "Yenisei" from their childhood. The fact is that the production of the car began in 1985. The harvester was suitable for harvesting a wide variety of crops, including sunflowers, grasses, legumes and cereals. The machine was also able to harvest crops in “hard-to-reach” areas of the field.
5. Don-1500
Perhaps the most popular combine in the CIS after the collapse Soviet Union... The car began mass production in 1986. For objective reasons, the car was used for a very long time in the former republics of the union. The widespread abandonment of the combine harvester began only in 2006, when more advanced imported and domestic models rushed to replace it.
6. KSG-F-70
A very interesting sample. Soviet harvester on tracked base, which was developed specifically for work on waterlogged soils. For the most part, the machine worked with forage crops: grass and corn. The harvester "Donselmash" was produced in the city of Birobidzhan. Most of these machines were in service with the Far Eastern farms.
7. SK-5 "Niva"
Soviet harvester, produced since 1970 by the Rostselmash enterprise. Isakson Canaan Ilyich supervised the development. The machine is notable for the fact that it could become the hallmark of the Soviet combine harvester industry. There is nothing surprising in this, the car was one of the most widespread in the USSR for all time.
Continuing the topic, the story about and helped to promote science.
Today is the day of the agricultural worker, so it's time to write about some agricultural machinery - for example, about combines. Recently, in a report I mentioned about a rare specimen of the SKD-5 "Sibiryak" combine that was found. The same name, "Sibiryak", was borne by the next model of the Krasnoyarsk Combine Plant - SKD-6, which differs from its predecessor by a different engine, a new spacious cabin and a number of other improvements. Combines SKD-6 were produced for a short time, only 4 years - from 1981 to 1985, and to date there are not very many of them, especially in working order. This harvester, produced in 1984, standing idle in one of the villages of the Sargat region, looks almost complete, not counting rear wheel, but at this place he stood for a long time, and it is not known whether he left the field again.
And this SKD-6 from Chapaevo is quite ready to fight for the harvest when the snow melts. :) The harvester even has a modern "tractor" type license plate and technical inspection, though it is overdue. By the way, in Soviet times, numbers on combines, unlike tractors, were not often set, but now Gostekhnadzor monitors this.
A big surprise for me was the discovery in 2009 in Bolshiye Uki of a rare tracked (!) Modification of the Sibiryak, bearing the SKD-6R index. The letter "P" stands for "rice harvesting", therefore the machine also has a caterpillar drive - for work in flooded rice fields. How such a harvester got to the Omsk region is not clear, perhaps this is due to the work in swampy areas, we have a lot of swamps in the north.
In 1985, the Krasnoyarsk Combine Plant switched to the production of a new model - Yenisei-1200, the Sibiryak brand has not been used since that time, and the plant still produces various Yenisei, including modern modifications of the 1200 model.
Self-propelled, wheeled, double-drum, intended for harvesting grain crops by direct and separate combining. Using additional devices, the combine can harvest seed plants of grasses, corn for grain and silage, sunflowers, soybeans, legumes and cereals. For harvesting the non-grain part of the crop, it is completed with a stacker. It consists of a reaping part, a thresher (with a two-drum threshing apparatus, separating, cleaning and transporting devices), a hopper with an unloading device, a motor unit, a power transmission, a running gear, a cab with a control platform, a hydraulic system, electrical equipment and signaling.
The reaping part includes a header and a feeder chamber attached to the thresher. The header body is hinged to the feeder chamber at three points on the central spherical hinge and two hinged suspensions of the spring blocks and is balanced by these springs. Due to this, the soil relief is copied in the longitudinal and transverse directions. The cutterbar, the auger, the reel and the drive mechanisms of these working bodies are mounted on the header body.
The reel is universal, with an eccentric mechanism, tine spring tines. It is driven by a double-circuit chain drive from the upper pulley of the reel speed variator.
The inclined chamber consists of a body and a chain-slat conveyor. The body is hingedly connected to the intake chamber of the thresher. The cutterbar has single forged steel fingers with notched inserts.
The thresher includes a receiving beater, a two-drum threshing and separating device, a straw walker, cleaning, transporting devices, drives and mechanisms for adjusting the working bodies. The receiving beater blades are tangentially located.
The threshing-separating device consists of the first threshing drum, the concave of the first drum, the intermediate beater, the separating grate of the intermediate beater, the second drum, the concave of the second drum with the guide grate and the breaker beater. Threshing drums - beating. The technological process of threshing and separation in a two-drum thresher takes place in two stages. The first stage of threshing the grain mass passes in the first threshing apparatus, the drum of which, at a reduced rotation frequency and increased gaps between the whips to the concave strips, threshes the most ripe, coarse and easily processed grain with minimal damage. The second stage takes place in the second threshing apparatus, the drum of which operates in a harder mode (increased rotational speed and a smaller threshing gap).
The rotation frequency of the threshing drums is changed by a hydromechanical device. The variator of the first drum is located on the left side of the thresher, the second on the right. The variators are controlled by hydraulic cylinders from the operator's workplace.
The threshing and separating device is equipped with a reverse scrolling mechanism of the first drum. The four-key straw walker. The separating surface of the first cascade of straw walkers has been changed (in contrast to the SKD-6 straw walkers).
The cleaning system includes a screen, a double sieve mill with an upper sieve extension and a fan. The gaps of the louvers of the sieves and the extension, as well as the rotational speed of the fan blade are adjustable. The harvester (in contrast to the SKD-6) has a windscreen-reinforced cleaning system. Includes new sieves, extension bar, modified rear suspension roar. The harvester thresher is equipped with a final threshing device.
Grain and return elevators - scraper, with top feed. Grain tank with increased capacity. It has a distribution and unloading augers, a vibrator to accelerate the unloading of grain. The bunker cover is detachable. The unloading auger is transferred from the transport position to the working position and back by a hydraulic cylinder without a latch, equipped with a damper controlled from the operator's workplace. The inclined part of the unloading auger is lengthened. The screw drive is made autonomous, directly from the engine. Straw accumulator hinged, with double-acting hydraulic cylinders, with mechanical filling of the chamber and pre-pressing of straw, with a capacity of 9 cubic meters. The drive of the straw nipper is V-belt.
The harvester is equipped with a motor unit with a four-cylinder SMD-22 engine. including an air intake for the engine air cleaner, a muffler, quick-detachable air ducts, air cooling systems, a clutch with a flywheel plate connection with drive discs, threaded connection oil lines to the oil cooler. The engine is installed on the roof of the thresher behind the bunker parallel to the axis of the driving wheels and is mounted on the sub-engine frame on shock absorbers. Starts up starting motor.
There is an axle of driving wheels with a left-hand gearbox arrangement and a single-circuit variator of the chassis drive. A widened steering axle was introduced.
The cab with a softened ceiling, door, seals and oversized side window vents is located on the driver's platform. Equipped soft seat and an additional hinged, ventilation system with a supply of purified air, an electric windshield wiper, electric lighting, a thermos for drinking water and a first aid kit. A heater-cooler can be installed in the cab. The ceiling and panels are covered with soundproofing material. All the main controls of the combine, instruments and control and signaling lamps are concentrated in the cab. Steering hydrostatic. Steering column with an adjustable angle of inclination.
Single-wire electrical system, direct current, voltage 12 V. Generator alternating current with built-in rectifiers. Hydraulic system consists of two independent systems (main and steering). There is an autonomous overflow section.
The hydraulic system lifts and lowers the header and reel, moving the reel on supports, cleaning the air intake, accelerating the unloading of grain from the hopper using a vibrator, transferring the unloading auger from the transport position to the working position and back, changing the speed of the combine and the reel rotation speed, closing the stacker valve and turning of the steered wheels.
SPECIFICATIONS
| Capture width, m | 4.1, 5, 6 |
|---|---|
| Throughput, kg / s | 6 |
| Productivity per hour of the main time (when harvesting upright wheat with a yield of 40 ... 50 c / ha and a moisture content of 10 ... 18%), t | 7...9 |
| Speed, km / h | |
| working | 1,04...7,2 |
| transport | up to 20 |
| Limits of cutting height regulation, mm | 50...180 |
| Engine | |
| brand | |
| power, kWt | 103 |
| Dyeing frequency of the engine crankshaft s-1 (m-1) | 33,3 (2000) |
| Thresher width, mm | 1200 |
| Thresher type | double-drum |
| Drum diameter (first / second), mm | 550/550 |
| Rotation frequency of drums shafts, s -1 (min -1) | 7,3...22,5 (43,8…1350) |
| Drum wrap angle, degrees | 127 |
| Length of the straw walker key mm | 2862 |
| Bunker capacity for grain, cubic meters | 4.5 |
| Productivity of the unloading auger when unloading wheat, kg / s | 17.0 |
| Track, mm | |
| driving wheels | 2419 |
| managed | 1215 |
| Tire pressure, MPa | |
| driving wheels | 0.23 |
| managed | 0.21 |
| Ground clearance, mm | 380 |
| Overall dimensions with a 5m wide header in working position, mm | 10640x7510x3800 |
| Weight, kg | 9400 |
The base of the previous generation combine was used to create the 6 series equipment. The main power point- SMD-20 engine. SKD 6 Sibiryak is suitable for harvesting unevenly ripened, difficult to thresh crops.
The previous SKD5 series showed good results and guaranteed a high level of performance. But obsolescence of technology happened quickly, ended by the end of the 1970s. Even then, there was no compliance with the requirements that were imposed on such devices.
Therefore, the manufacturing plant decided to modify the installation by releasing new model... In February 1981, the production line was already delivered latest development, designated as SKD-6.
Combine Sibiryak
Thanks to the use of modern technologies, the following results have been achieved:
- Reliability and performance, throughput increases.
- Reducing the duration of technological maintenance.
- Improved driver comfort inside the cab.
Appointment of technology
The harvester is used mainly to harvest grain, ear crops, using direct, separate combining. Thanks to additional equipment the functionality is expanded, allowing you to process other crops:
- Groats.
- Legumes.
- Sunflower.
- Corn for grain and silage.
- Testes of herbs.
Each part of the Combine Sibiryak does a certain amount of work.
Description of modifications
In total, there were several modifications of the technique:
- SKD-6R. This is a crawler-driven rice harvesting machine.
- SKD-6A. Model for processing non-chernozem zones.
- SKD-6N. With an increased wheel track.
The latest version boasted improved cockpit performance.
Technical characteristics of Sibiryak
You can give the following parameters typical for a combine of all modifications:
- 3.2 m3 - the size of the working volume for the cabin.
- 150 by 75 mm - dimensions of the elevator scrapers.
- 160 millimeters is the standard diameter for augers.
- The rotation of the drums is mechanically controlled in frequency.
- The control of the inclined auger is organized from the cab, it is itself hydraulic.
- The unloading auger is driven directly by the motor.
- 4.5 m3 is the total bunker capacity.
- 6.3 kg / sec - the level of throughput.
- The engine is from the SMD-20 series.
Soviet harvester
Features of SKD-6 maintenance
Before harvesting, it is important to assess the condition of both the equipment itself and the crop that requires processing. Depending on this, specific working tools are selected and configured.
About adjustment
First, the harvester must travel 50-100 meters. Then he is forcibly stopped. This allows you to control the quality of work, to carry out additional adjustments if necessary.
There are several reasons that equipment may malfunction, even with preliminary adjustment:
- Out of alignment of the field.
- Clogging.
- Stalk.
The bunker uses certain schemes depending on how much grain is lost.
Sometimes the technique is checked twice every day. The main reason is the change in humidity levels. If the plot is seed, it is recommended to use harvesters that have harvested no less than 100 and no more than 350 hectares of crops. Then the percentage of microdamages and crushing decreases. The manufacturer produces a special bag with tools to help with the adjustment.
The mode identifier is the part of the device that contains information regarding the pre-type setting. The corresponding designations are placed on the disks of the internal, external type, which are supplied with the system.
The preliminary work is easy to perform - just align the markings of the discs inside and outside.
Elimination of major defects near bridges
The following defects are more common on bridges:
- The appearance of parts with kinks.
- Increased noise.
- The appearance of unnecessary knocks.
- Operation of parts with strong heat.
- Adjustment with violations.
Do not forget that literally every detail and mechanism is subject to serious wear during operation.
The harvester is designed to work with various crops
Rear axles work with about the same problems, only the rear axle, transverse link and swing arms can additionally be bent. The reason is long-term operation at unacceptable load, untimely use of oil.
To restore technical characteristics, the front and rear axles understand why special stands are used. It is allowed to use the same techniques as in the case of conventional gearboxes in modern cars... Specific operations depend on which part is broken, what damage has appeared.
Fusing and tapping are standard procedures for situations where threads, external or internal, are damaged. Processing takes place under normal or increased size. Templates, rulers, or squares can help you determine curvature and twisting of the rear or front axles.
