An article about the best BMW engines - theirs specifications and important features... At the end of the article - an interesting video about how BMW motors are made in China.
The content of the article:
The opinion that the quality and productivity of an engine depends on its volume has long been in the past - modern trends in mechanical engineering are based on a decrease in the volume of a motor with a simultaneous increase in its power.
BMW has been a leader in the automotive market for many years. The engines, designed by the engineers of the famous representative of the German automotive industry, meet all modern requirements. Back in the middle of the last century, the creators of the brand formulated a concept that reflected the raison d'être of their existence as car creators. It sounded like this: "The car is for drivers."
Brand history
The BMW company dates back to 1913. In the then small German town of Munich, two small companies engaged in the production of engines for the aviation industry merged. The new venture was named Bayerische Flugzeugwerke (BFW).
In 1917, the logo was created, which is still a sign of High Quality... But its meaning is not known to everyone. Since the history of the brand began with aircraft construction, the created logo is directly related to aircraft - it depicts an aircraft propeller against a blue sky.
The name BMW, by which the company is known to the modern consumer, appeared in 1920, after the production of any aircraft was prohibited under the Treaty of Versailles in Germany. For some time, the BMW plant produced brakes for aircraft. But the founders of the company decided not to linger in the aviation industry - in 1923, the first BMW motorcycle was created.
It must be said that the two-wheeled vehicles produced by the German automobile giant still conquer the hearts of fans of extreme sports and high speeds. The first car rolled off the assembly line only in 1929.
Since its inception car brand The BMW company has experienced several major failures. But despite this, they were able to climb the "Auto-Olympus" and take their place of honor there. Engines manufactured by the concern have been holding leading positions in the most reputable world competitions for several years. What motors of the German manufacturer are rightfully considered the best in the world?
First of the first
1999 was a significant year for all representatives of the automotive business and production. It was in that year that a competition was held for the first time to identify the best car engine... Among the nominees were the largest companies from all over the world. The first place was taken absolutely deservedly diesel motors produced by BMW:
The device was produced in two versions: 3.9 and 4.4 liters. The cylinder block and crankcase were made of cast iron, which significantly increased the weight of the engine, but at the same time gave the engine parts high strength.
The best among gasoline engines
Among motorists, cars with a gasoline engine are very popular. This demand is due to the simplicity of production and, as a result, the relatively low cost of the motor.
Another important advantage of the unit is the ability to develop high speed in a short period of time.
Gasoline engines are not considered too economical, but recently the installation and use of LPG, which functions perfectly in tandem with a gasoline engine internal combustion, solves this problem.
Among the gasoline engines produced by BMW, the following models can be noted:
The innovative VANOS valve timing system significantly increases the performance of the device, while significantly reducing fuel consumption.
The use of aluminum alloy greatly facilitates the construction of the motor. This engine model is characterized by the complexity of the lubrication process.
Best Diesel Engine
Diesel cars have long and firmly entered the hearts and garages of motorists all over the world. This is a truly versatile unit. It perfectly copes with the "traction" loads and is able to withstand the transportation of large loads on an ongoing basis. At the same time, it copes well with the "urban" mode of operation.
Endless braking and sudden starts are tolerated by the diesel engine without too much trouble. But for highways and racing cars, this is far from the best option.
Efficiency is also a clear advantage of diesel - diesel fuel cheaper than gasoline.
What is diesel engine from BMW international experts recognized the best?
16-valve N47, quite successfully replacing its predecessor - the diesel M47. 4 cylinders, 2 camshafts, injection system reaching 2200 bar, aluminum crankcase - this is not all technical advantages, which made it possible to take first places in the categories "Best New Developments" and " Best engine volume from 1.8 to 2.0 liters. "
This motor is presented in two configurations - 1.6 and 2.0 liters. But it is precisely the two-liter power unit won the above awards. The engine is installed on most E and F class models.
Recent achievements
Modern society is dictating more and more new rules. This also affected the requirements for internal combustion engines. The 21st century car enthusiast wants to get the maximum power from the engine with a minimum of financial investment.
An important factor is the environmental friendliness of transport.“Less emissions - more clean air” is what consumers demand from car manufacturers. And the concern BMW has provided fans of their cars with the opportunity to "make the world cleaner."
BMW B58- petrol 6-cylinder turbocharged engine, which appeared to the eyes of car owners in early May 2015. During such a short period of its existence, he managed to receive several awards of the highest category at international competitions. Among consumers, it is called "Breakthrough in engine building" and nothing else.
The use of aluminum alloys and polymer composites has significantly reduced the overall weight of the engine. The difference with the N55, which is gradually being replaced by the B58, is in the order of 100 kg. The level of carbon dioxide emissions fully corresponds to the Euro-6 category. This is good news for the fighters for the environment.
To minimize fuel consumption, the B58 uses an innovative pump control card and a direct line in the injection system. TwinPower Turbo refers to the use of several technologies at once: VANOS, Valvetronic, Turbocharging and Direct injection.
Conclusion
The BMW lettering has long been a hallmark of high quality and innovative technology in the automotive world. This applies to all products coming off the assembly line of the factories of the German brand. Like the first models created in the early 19th century, modern turbocharged engines surprise with their technical characteristics.
Since the creation of the first model 303 car to the present day, the concept "Car - for the driver" remains relevant. Both constructors and brand designers are guided by it. Stylish design and manufacturability are a combination that gives BMW cars the right to bear the proud title of the leader of the global automotive industry.
Video on how BMW motors are made in China:
List of all BMW engines. Variants of 1-, 2-, 3-, 4-, 6-, 8-, 10-, 12- and 16-cylinder power units, their technical characteristics, photos, years of production, models on which they were used. Most of the power units for the entire production period have proven their reliability and were nominated as "" in the "International Engine of the Year" competition.
BMW petrol engines
- M240 / M241 (1954-1962) 0.2-0.3 l.
- M102 (1957-1959) 0.6 l.
- M107 / M107S (1959-1965) 0.7 l.
- W20 (from 2014) 0.6 l.
New generation of engines installed on MINI and BMW cars:
- B38 (from 2011) 1.2-1.5 HP (DOHC)
BMW inline 4 cylinder petrol engines
An in-line four-cylinder engine or a straight-four cylinder engine is an internal combustion engine that is installed in the straight or along the plane of the crankcase.
The cylinder block can be oriented in a vertical or inclined plane with all the pistons of the crankshaft.
The inline four-cylinder engine is designated I4 or L4. Below is the range of BMW engines:
- DA - motor for Dixi (1929-1932) 0.7 liters.
- M68 (1932-1936) 0.7-0.8 l.
- M10 (1960-1987) 1.5-2.0 l. (SOHC)
- S14 (1986-1991) 2.0-2.5 liters. (DOHC)
- M40 (1987-1995) 1.6-1.8 liters. (SOHC)
- M42 (1989-1996) 1.8 l. (DOHC)
- M43 (1991-2002) 1.6 / 1.8 / 1.9 HP (SOHC)
- M44 (1996-2001) 1.9 l. (DOHC)
- N40 (from 2001 to 2004) 1.6 liters.
- N42 (2001-2004) 1.8-2.0 liters. (DOHC, VANOS, Valvetronic) - won the international award ""
- N43 (2007-2011) 1.6-2.0 liters. (DOHC, direct injection)
- N45 (2004-2011) 1.6-2.0 liters. (DOHC, VANOS)
- N46 (2004-2007) 1.8-2.0 liters. (DOHC, VANOS, Valvetronic)
- N13 (2011) 1.6 l. (turbocharged, DOHC, VANOS, VALVETRONIC, direct injection)
- N20 (2011) 2.0 l. (turbocharged, DOHC, VANOS, VALVETRONIC, direct injection) - won the European Engine of the Year award
- N26 (2012) 2.0 l. (turbocharged, DOHC, VANOS, VALVETRONIC, direct injection)
- B48 (2013)
- P45 (2.0 L)
BMW inline 6 cylinder petrol engines
Best known for their inline six-cylinder engines. The six-cylinder in-line engine is an internal combustion engine.
All six cylinders are arranged in a row in the following order: 1-5-3-6-2-4. The pistons rotate in one common crankshaft... It is designated as R6 - from the German "Reihe" - a row, or I6 (Straight-6) and L6 (In-Line-Six).
The cylinders can be in a vertical position or at a fixed angle relative to the vertical.
When the cylinders are tilted vertically, the engine is usually called the Slant-6.
V-shaped engine - all six cylinders are arranged in two rows of three cylinders in a row, thus forming a V-shape. Pistons rotate on one common crankshaft... Designated as V6 (from the English "Vee-Six"). The V-engine is the second most popular after the in-line four-cylinder engine. The camber angles of the cylinders are 90, 60 or 120 degrees. There are also options 15 °, 45 °, 54 °, 65 ° or 75 °.
At the moment, the BMW company produces 6-cylinder in-line engines
Below are the modifications to BMW engines:
- M78 (1933) 1.2-1.9 liters.
- M328 (1936) 2.0-2.1 l.
- M335 (1939) 3.5 l.
- M337 (1952) 2.0-2.1 l.
- M30 (1968) 2.5-3.5 HP
- M20 (1977) 2.0-2.7 liters. (SOHC. Early versions of the M20 are sometimes referred to as the "M60", although the M60 has since been used for the V8 engine first delivered in 1992)
- M88 / M90 (1978) 3.5 liters. for M1 / M5 / M6
- S38 (1986 - 1996) up to 3.8 liters. (DOHC)
- M102 (1980) 3.2 l. (turbo)
- M106 (1982) 3.4 L (turbo)
- M50 (1989) 2.0-3.0 l. (DOHC 24V with VANOS on M50TU)
- M52 (1994) 2.0-2.8 L (DOHC 24V with VANOS / Double-VANOS on M52TU) - two International Engine of the Year awards
- S50 (1995) 3.0 l. (for BMW M3)
- S52 (1996) 3.2 l. (for BMW M3)
- M54 (2000) 2.2-3.0 l. (aluminum DOHC 24V with Double-VANOS)
- M56 (2002) 2.5 l.
- S54 (2002) 3.2 l. (DOHC) - Six Engine of the Year Awards
- N51 (motor for USA cars)
- N52 (2005) 2.5-3.0 liters. (magnesium / aluminum DOHC 24V with Double-VANOS and Valvetronic) - two "Engine of the Year" awards
- N54 (2006) 3.0 l. (DOHC 24V turbocharged aluminum) - Five International Engine of the Year Awards
- N53 (2007) 2.5-3.0 liters. (magnesium / aluminum / DOHC 24V with Double-VANOS and High Precision Injection (Gasoline Direct Injection))
- N55 (2009) 3.0 l. (TwinPower Turbo, Valvetronic and high precision injection system)
- S55 (2013) 3.0L (TwinPower Turbo, VALVETRONIC and Double-VANOS)
V-shaped 8-cylinder gasoline engines BMW
The V8 engine is an internal combustion engine.
All eight cylinders are arranged in two rows of four in a row, thus forming a V-arrangement.
The pistons rotate on one common crankshaft. Designated as V8 - (from the English "Vee-Eight").
Below are the 8-cylinder BMW powertrains:
- BMW OHV V8 (1954 - 1965) 2.6-3.2 liters.
- M60 (1992) 3.0-4.0 L
- M62 - S62 (1994 - 2005) 3.5-4.4 liters.
- N62 (2001) 3.6-4.6 liters. (with fuel injection SFI, Double-VANOS and Valvetronic) - three International Engine of the Year awards
- N62 / S (2004-2006) 4.8 l. for X5 4.8is
- P60B40 (2005) 4.0 L
- S65 (2007) 4.0 l. for the E90 / 92/93 M3 - two International Engine of the Year awards
- N63 (2008) 4.4 liters. turbocharged
- S63 (2009) 4.4 l. turbocharged (TwinPower Turbo)
- P65 (4.0 L)
V-shaped 10 cylinder gasoline engine BMW
The V10 engine is an internal combustion engine with 10 cylinders arranged in two rows of five cylinders. Essentially the V10 is the result of crossing two in-line 5-cylinder engines.
- S85 (2005) 5.0 l. for the E60 M5 and E63 M6 - four International Engine of the Year awards
V-shaped 12 cylinder power units BMW
The V12 engine is a V-engine with 12 cylinders mounted in two rows of six cylinders on a single crankshaft. Typically, but not always at an angle of 60 ° to each other. In V12 engines, two rows of six cylinders are spaced at an angle of 60 °, 120 ° or 180 °.
- M70 (1986) 5.0 L
- M72 (4-valve prototype M70)
- S70 - S70 / 2 - S70 / 3 (since 1992) 5.6 - 6.1 liters.
- M73 (1993) 5.4 L - won the International Engine of the Year award
- N73 (2003) 6.0 l.
- N74 (2009) 6.0 l. turbocharged (TwinPower Turbo, Valvetronic, Double VANOS and high-precision injection system)
BMW was the first German manufacturer who released the V12 engine in 1986, forcing Mercedes-Benz to follow suit in 1991. Only 7 and 8 Series cars used V12 engines. While BMW sells much fewer cars with a 7 series V12 engine than the V8 version, the V12 retains its popularity in the USA, China and Russia, and also maintains the prestige of this luxury car brand.
V-shaped 16 cylinder BMW petrol engines
The V16 engine is a 16-cylinder V-engine. This engine are rare in automotive use.
- BMW V16 Goldfish (1987) 6.7 L (Gold fish)
- Rolls-Royce 100EX (2004) 9.0 L (V16 prototype engine)
Diesel engines BMW
- B37 (from 2011) 1.5 l.
BMW inline 4 cylinder diesel engines
- M41 (1994-2000) 1.7 l.
- M47 (1998-2006) 2.0 l.
- N47 (2006-2014) 2.0 l.
- B47 (2014) 2.0L
BMW in-line 6 cylinder diesel engines
- M21 (1983-1993) 2.4 l.
- M51 (1991-1998) 2.5 l.
- M57 (1998) 2.5-3.0 l.
- N57 (2008) 2.5-3.0 l.
V-shaped 8 cylinder diesel engines BMW
- M67 (1998-2009) from 3.9 to 4.4 liters - two International Engine of the Year awards
BMW engine number decoding
Decryption and ICE designation BMW by engine model:
- family of engines, mainly denoted by the letter:
- M - engine developed before 2001;
- N - engine developed after 2001. Beginning in the early 2000s, BMW revised its naming strategy to make it easier to understand and provide more detailed information on the engine updates. New to the N Series engines is a new design, material of manufacture of parts and technology used in the motor itself;
- B - modular engine. Since 2013, BMW has been introducing a new family of modular engines. The first cars to receive the new "B" series engines were the hybrid sport car and the lineup compact Mini. Both of these cars were powered by a B38 3-cylinder turbocharged - direct injection - Valvetronic engine. The B Series modular engine family includes gasoline and diesel powertrains that share common components and architecture (60% of the parts are identical, for example, a 3-cylinder engine has components from a 4-cylinder and 6-cylinder B Series engine). The volume of the engine increases in steps of 500 cubic centimeters - 1.5l - I3, 2.0l - I4, 2.5l - I6, 3.0l - I6, etc.;
- S - BMW Motorsport engine;
- P - BMW Motorsport racing engine;
- W - engine from a "third-party" developer;
- number of cylinders, indicated by a number:
- 1 - in-line 4-cylinder;
- 2 - in-line 4-cylinder;
- 3 - in-line 3-cylinder;
- 4 - in-line 4-cylinder;
- 5 - in-line 6-cylinder;
- 6 - V-shaped 8-cylinder;
- 7 - V-shaped 12-cylinder;
- 8 - V-shaped 10-cylinder;
- a change in the basic concept of the engine, where:
- 0 - base engine;
- 1-9 - changes to the original design, such as the combustion process;
- fuel type:
- B - gasoline;
- D - diesel;
- E - electric;
- G - natural gas;
- H is hydrogen (hydrogen);
- engine displacement in 1/10 liters (indicated by two numbers), for example:
- 15 - 1.5 liters;
- 20 - 2.0 liters;
- 35 - 3.5 liters;
- 44 - 4.4 liters;
- letter designation
- power class:
- S - "super";
- T - top version;
- O - "top exit";
- M - "medium exit";
- U - "lower output";
- K - "lowest output";
- O - new development;
- TU - this designation is indicated only in M-Series engines and indicates a significant update, for example, from one to double VANOS;
- or a type test requirement (changes that require new type tests):
- A - standard;
- B-Z - as required, for example, ROZ 87;
- power class:
- technical version for designation in BMW motors, except for M series engines and replaces the previous suffix TU:
- from 0 to 9;
BMW also has a different numbering system for internal production and use. This is the code printed on the side of the cylinder block used on assembly plant BMW also during other service when it comes to the actual identity of the engine. In most cases, this code is applied to the flat section of the block on the driver's side.
For example "30 6T 2 04N", where:
- 30 - engine volume 3.0 liters;
- 6 - six-cylinder engine;
- T - engine type, in this case a power unit with a turbine;
- 2 - index of differentiation;
- 04 - revision number, in this case 4th;
- N - new engine;
The marking is also found on older models, for example - 408S1, where:
- 40 - engine volume 4.0 liters;
- 8 - number of cylinders;
For the release of the restyled version of the 2014 BMW X3 Facelift, a new generation of diesel engines was introduced, which in the coming years may become an integral part of the European fleet. BMW cars... The B47 engine, like its predecessor N47, has four cylinders and 2.0 liters of displacement. Numerous improvements have been made to reduce fuel consumption and improve engine sound. In an interview, Christian Bock, head of the project for the development of a new engine, revealed information about many technical features new 4-cylinder diesel unit, which is offered in versions with 150 and 190 hp.
The importance of an economical yet powerful diesel engine for the European market cannot be overemphasized. For example, the 520d engine has not only dominated the BMW 5 Series for a long time, but is also very popular in the 3 Series and models. off-road X1 and X3. With the release in 2014 of the restyled version of the BMW X3 F25 LCI, the previously used N47 engine will go on a well-deserved rest and will be replaced new bmw B47.
Like its predecessor, the B47 has four in-line cylinders, common-rail injection, 1995 cc displacement and one variable geometry turbocharger.
While the N47 in the x18d and x20d variants had 143 and 184 hp, the new B47 offers 150 and 190 hp. The maximum torque in the case of the 150-horsepower version remains at 360 Newton meters at 1500-2250 rpm (previously: 1750-2500 rpm). In the more powerful series, this figure increased from 380 to 400 Nm at 1750-2250 rpm (previously: 380 Nm at 1750-2750 rpm).
The increase in engine power and torque significantly improved the ride BMW characteristics X3. For example, the X3 xDrive20d is able to reach 100 km / h in 8.1 seconds, which is four tenths of a second faster than before. In addition, the optimization also affected the indicators in the intermediate sprint.
The new B47 complies with the Euro 6 emission standard and is characterized by reduced fuel consumption in the Euro cycle. Depending on the type of transmission and production series, the reduction in fuel consumption is 0.1-0.4 liters. Whether the four-cylinder diesel will always show a moderate appetite in practice remains to be seen, though. In the case of the X3 sDrive18d, the low rolling resistance tires ensured the car consumes 4.7 liters per 100 km on a standard cycle and is the most fuel efficient SUV in its class.
One thing is certain: the B47 engine will gradually replace the N47 and will provide high productivity and reduced fuel consumption not only of the restyled version of the X3, but also of many other Bavarian cars. However, from the point of view of BMW, its main advantage is different. Compared to the N47, the new B47 uses many more standardized parts, which makes it possible to purchase them in large quantities, significantly reducing purchase prices.
Ranked best motors it is no coincidence that series M: although they are complex for their time, they are powerful and reliable units. And here ruler N, which replaced them, as if it was created for queues to the service. For example, all N series motors do not have an oil dipstick. The sensor often lies, while the oil consumption averages 1 liter per thousand km. Result - oil starvation... Other typical problems – timing chain stretch already up to 80 thousand km, resource valve stem seals only 30 thousand km. Many units and parts are capricious even before the CPG wear out. About the high cost original spare parts BMW engines and the cost of engine overhaul, needless to say.
And at the same time, it was the N-series motors that were repeatedly recognized as the best in prestigious competitions in various nominations. Marvelous.
N45
This engine was produced from 2004 to 2011 and was installed on BMW 116i, BMW 316i (E90), BMW 320si.
It is known for its gluttony with a relatively modest return, especially in the 1.6-liter version. Working intermittently and trouble with the timing chain, too, unfortunately, have become its characteristic features. And the problem chain stretching and jumping several links could not be resolved until the termination of the serial production of the N45. In addition, owners of the 320si series with this engine faced cracks in the cylinder block - due to the insufficiently dense wall between them.
N47
The common engine was produced since 2007 and was installed on BMW 118d, 120d, 123d, BMW 318d, 320d, BMW 520d, BMW X1 18d, 20d, 23d, BMW X3 1.8d, 2.0d. Volume - from 1.6 to 2.0 liters, power - up to 218 "horses".
Diesel N47s performed very well at first: acceptable fuel consumption and excellent traction. But after several years of operation, the characteristic noise began to show signs of chronic diseases - stretching and even open timing chain, wear of the sprockets of the shafts. As a result - the transition of the motor to emergency mode, v best case... At the same time, the chain on the first N47 traveled only 50-60 thousand km! And to replace it, it was required to remove the motor. The problem with the chain was solved only in the spring of 2011.
Another typical sore N47 that does not manifest itself in any way is the cracking of the cylinder block from the inside. The cherry on the cake is the wear and tear of piezoelectric nozzles, which have a limited resource, but are staggering. Yes, more intake manifold flap in the event of a breakdown, they fell directly under the valves and cylinders, the consequences - until the replacement of the internal combustion engine.
N46
Gasoline engines of 1.8 and 2.0 liters replaced similar N42s in 2004 and were installed on many 1-series and 3-series, 5-series models, as well as X3 crossovers.
The complete list of "victims" looks like this: BMW 120i, BMW 318i, 320i, BMW X3 2.0i.
It seemed that nothing boded - 4 cylinders, modest 156 hp, naturally aspirated. But the desire to increase efficiency while maintaining power did not lead to good. Designers clocked all the achievements of the automotive industry in the N46 at that time. Here you have a throttle-free intake, a phase control system, and extreme operating temperatures. The result is predictable: oil coking in the grooves piston rings and wear of the valve stem seals. The result is excessive gluttony and ICE oil starvation... At the same time, plastic guides and washers in the timing drive are destroyed, they simply crumble into the engine crankcase. If we add a quick failure of the hydraulics, we will get a major overhaul after 3-4 years of operation. Best case scenario.
The owners tried to prevent trouble in advance by filling the AI-98 and changing the oil as often as possible. But it helped only at some stage.
N63 4.4 Biturbo
These "hot" engines have been installed since 2008 on many models: BMW 750i / Li, BMW X5 / X6 50i, BMW X6 ActiveHybrid, BMW 550i, BMW 650i.
The main trouble with the N63 4.4 Biturbo is the problem with the cooling of the V-block collapse. As a result, there is a zone of thermal stress between the two turbochargers, caked oil, increased wear of the camshaft cams and a change in valve timing. Hence the drop in compression in the cylinders.
By 2012, the designers presented a modified N63B44TU with a capacity of 450 hp. But it is even more complex constructively, which evokes certain suspicions.
Don't miss an overview of the most popular BMW models:
- E60 - watch
- E83 - watch
- X5 - watch
- E90 - watch.
