Autonomous heating in mkd. Is it so difficult to install autonomous heating in an apartment building? Autonomous gas heating of an apartment building

Individual heating boilers today are installed in many private homes. Often this is the only way to guarantee heat in the home and provide it with hot water. But is it possible to install autonomous heating in apartment building?

More and more owners of housing in apartment buildings began to think about this issue. After all, bills for paying for heat energy are constantly growing, and it is quite difficult to find justice for power engineers. I would like to somehow reduce these costs.

Existing options for arranging autonomous heating

Today, there are many ways to ensure thermal autonomy in a private cottage. You can choose a boiler for liquid or solid fuel, or a gas or electric boiler. If renewable energy is more desirable, then any cottage roof has enough space for solar panels or a solar collector.

But autonomous heating in an apartment can be organized in fact in only two ways, using:

• gas boiler from the main pipeline;
• and one or another option for heating with electricity.

After all, the installation of a liquid and solid fuel boiler will require the arrangement of a boiler room with high-quality ventilation and fuel storage. Gas in cylinders is much more expensive than main gas and is much more explosive. It is generally forbidden to mount a water heated floor in an apartment building.

Option one: gas

Perfect option for an apartment - a gas double-circuit boiler. It will allow you to separately heat water for heating and for domestic consumption.

Modern models with a closed combustion chamber, as well as full set automatic ignition and combustion support allow you to program the desired temperature. And then everything will function independently. In a large apartment, it is also desirable to put a storage boiler. It will allow you to shower and wash dishes at the same time.

Among the disadvantages of gas autonomous heating in an apartment building are:

1. Explosiveness. Although much smaller than in the version with cylinders, accidents cannot be ruled out.
2. Ventilation. A professional ventilation system must be installed in the room with the gas boiler. And its channels periodically require cleaning, otherwise they will quickly become clogged with greasy soot.
3. Smell and soot. For the operation of a gas boiler, a constant supply of fresh air and removal of combustion products is necessary. For this purpose, a coaxial chimney with a twin pipe is mounted. Street air is drawn in one at a time, and smoke is removed through the second. And although gas is considered a clean fuel, nevertheless, when it is burned, soot with an unpleasant odor is still formed. The latter will annoy both the owners of the apartment and the neighbors.

For the installation of individual gas heating, it will be necessary to purchase and install a gas boiler. Disconnect radiators from central heating risers. Then make the piping from the boiler and connect the batteries to it. Heating appliances and pipes can be used old, but it is better to replace them.

Lightweight aluminum radiators and polypropylene pipes are ideal for an apartment. Aluminum appliances are good for high heat dissipation, and the strength of polypropylene is quite enough for an autonomous heating system. At the end of everything, the boiler is connected - here you will need to call a representative of the gas service.

The best option for connecting batteries to a gas autonomous boiler is to connect them in parallel to a circuit with a diagonal power supply circuit. Heated water is supplied from above on one side, and the return pipe is connected from below on the other.

A valve is installed at the inlet, and a thermal head is installed at the outlet to control the temperature of the coolant. A Mayevsky valve should be installed on the free upper pipe, which will allow you to bleed air from the radiator.

In order for an autonomous system to function normally and smoothly, it must have:

• expansion tank;
• circulation pump;
• safety, emergency valves
• manometer.

Modern models of gas boilers, for the most part, already have everything you need in the kit.

Option 2: Electricity

Autonomous heating in an apartment using electricity as fuel can be arranged by installing:

• electric boiler, the same double-circuit version;
• warm floor;
• infrared heaters;
• and heat pump.

With an electric hot water boiler, the whole sequence of actions is the same as with a gas counterpart. Only there is no need to equip ventilation and a chimney.

Heating elements of a heat-insulated floor evenly warm up a floor covering which then already gives off heat to air. IR devices emit waves that heat the floor, walls and furnishings. The air in the room is heated already from them. Compared to traditional batteries, it takes much less heat to create comfortable temperatures with these methods.

But the greatest benefit in the apartment will bring heat pumps. Electricity is consumed only for the operation of pumps that pump outdoor air to extract thermal energy from it. In fact, this is a kind of air conditioner, it is only aimed at heating indoor air or water in a heat exchanger. You should also install high-quality air conditioners in the house. The cost of installing an air conditioner varies depending on the amount of work that you need.

It is a pure renewable source of heat energy. But you need to know that this equipment is effective only in climatic zones where outdoor temperatures do not fall below minus 20-25 C.

Results

How to make autonomous heating in an apartment, which option to prefer can only be decided by the owner of the dwelling.

In warm areas, a heat pump will be most beneficial. And although it is much more expensive than other options, everything pays off over time. In cities with severe winters, a gas-fired boiler is preferable. You can also combine gas heating with electric heaters. During frosts, heat with gas, and during warming, turn on a heat pump or other electrical heating appliance.

otopleniedomov.com

Pros and cons of autonomous heating in an apartment building

Many people, getting their hands on monthly utility bills, are wondering: how can you save? Exist various ways in order to reduce waste and, first of all, autonomous heating. This option will allow you to save a significant part of the family budget. We often hear that energy prices are constantly rising in price, and it really is time to make a decision that will bring only savings.

If you live in an apartment building, then you have two ways to heat your apartment:

1. The first way to heat your home is central heating. For this type of heating, a sufficiently large amount of energy is expended, heat loss occurs during its delivery to one or another apartment. Therefore, this type of heating is expensive and thoroughly hits the pockets of many residents of our country.
2. The second way is autonomous heating, which is now very popular in our country. People who have tried this type of energy saving immediately appreciated its merits.

Of course, autonomous heating is a great idea for energy saving, but it also has its pros and cons.

Advantages of autonomous heating

Now we will consider in detail the second heating option and evaluate its merits. But first, we need to figure out what exactly an autonomous heat point is.

So, the heating point must be a separate room where the boiler equipment will be located. It must be of good power so that it can afford to provide heating and hot water to the entire apartment building.

In appearance, it is a mini-boiler room with a complete set of necessary equipment, systems and fixtures.

See also: Registration and payment of individual heating in the apartment

Modern technologies for providing heat to residential buildings began to be used in autonomous systems. The latter worked for one or more houses, which was doubly beneficial. This can be explained by the following reasons:

1. First of all, the distance from the heat generator to each individual apartment is significantly reduced. Heat losses are reduced due to the rapid transportation of heat carriers, which, in turn, is very economical due to a reduction in energy consumption for heating. Accordingly, the payment is reduced.
2. The time of heat supply from the boiler house to the consumer is reduced, which again affects energy overruns and heating.
3. Losses for the repair of heating networks will also be reduced, as their volume will decrease significantly. In this option, it will be much easier to repair and install networks than in a centralized heating system.

Following the foregoing, it is worth concluding that this heat supply system is very economical. And this means that the price for using this system can decrease significantly (up to a minimum).

Now it is clear that an autonomous system for an apartment building significantly outperforms a centralized heat supply system. It is much more economical, which is of great interest and demand among consumers. This system Heating system benefits from the fact that the coolant is located very close to the consumer, namely, it reduces transportation costs and an excess of energy for heating, which makes autonomous heating a leader.

There is another significant benefit to this issue. A person himself determines for himself the beginning and end of the heating season. The heating temperature can also be easily adjusted, allowing you to save energy on the days you need it.

For example, frosts begin outside the window, but the heating season is still far away. In order to start the central heating, you need some permission and a long period of time. While you are waiting for all this, you will have to sit in a cold apartment. And if you have autonomous heating, then at any time without any permissions you can start it and enjoy a warm apartment. You can also install thermostats to select the desired temperature. This is an additional opportunity to save the budget.

Another advantage of autonomous heating is the ability to use it when building a new house. When a new object crashes into centralized heating, a lot of permits and documents are required. Therefore, in these situations, most developers choose autonomous heating, which attracts the attention of new buyers.

Freed up space is also considered an advantage of autonomous heating, because any other structure can be placed on the site where the boiler house for the whole microdistrict is located. If every house in the area switches to autonomous heating, then a centralized boiler house will no longer be needed. It is advisable to use this territory for the construction of a new house, clinic, school or kindergarten, which in turn will also be relevant for any area.

Disadvantages of autonomous heating

In this matter, of course, there are certain shortcomings. However, they are much less than the advantages, but they should not be forgotten.

Among the disadvantages of autonomous heating are the following:

1. The boiler room, which will autonomously heat a detached apartment building, should be located in a separate building. It is necessary to allocate a small area for it (usually it looks like an extension near the house and does not take up a huge space).
2. Such mini-boiler rooms pollute the environment, so special filters should be purchased for them, which should also be spent on.
3. The equipment is not particularly popular due to the fact that it has not yet been delivered to conveyor production. Therefore, its price is quite high.

Types of decentralized heating

There are two types of decentralized heating:

The modular boiler house (block) is of great interest to consumers. The structure here is mounted quite quickly: a room is being built from prefabricated blocks, and it is already ready for the installation of heating equipment. The main thing is to correctly arrange this building and only experienced specialists should perform such work. Only with high-quality work performed, the boiler room will be able to serve for a long period.

1. Wall-mounted boilers for heating one apartment.

Independent heating of each apartment separately is very economical and efficient. For this, wall-mounted boilers are used, which can work both on gas and on electricity. Most consumers tend to choose wall-mounted boilers rather than floor-standing ones.

This can be explained by a number of reasons:

• wall-mounted ones practically do not take up any space, unlike floor-standing boilers;
• the wall-mounted boiler in some way replaces the mini-boiler room, as it is equipped with all the necessary appliances;
• such boilers are able to heat an apartment up to 100 m2;
• modern manufacturers can offer single-circuit and double-circuit boilers, which makes it possible to additionally use hot water.

An important factor is the correct choice of the boiler. It must be equipped with a pump, tank, automation and other very important elements, without which his work would not be as productive.

See also: What does the housing office do before the heating season

Summing up, it can be noted that the high cost of installing such equipment does not frighten the inhabitants of our country, and the majority seeks to spend money now, and then live in peace and enjoy profitable savings.

When planning for the future, many citizens want to switch to this type of heating, because it will enable the country to reduce energy consumption and help get rid of existing debts.

zhkhinfo.ru

Organization of autonomous heating in an apartment building

An increasing number of their owners are thinking about such an organization for heating their homes. Unlike employers, they can transform the available "square meters" at their own discretion, within certain limits. Heating is a rather painful issue for all of us. If you look at the “payment”, then the most impressive amount in the last column (payable) is indicated in the line precisely for this energy resource. Is it possible to somehow solve this issue by improving the situation both in terms of the quality of the service provided and its cost? All the advantages of individual heating systems in an apartment building, options, problems that will have to be dealt with when switching to this type are described below.

1. Varieties and their description
2. Preparation stage
3. Boiler selection criteria

It is pointless to explain that the specifics of arranging autonomous heating depends not only on the characteristics of the apartment and house itself, but also on the region. In each of them, the administration is empowered to establish its own rules, including in the housing and communal services sector. Therefore, further - only general recommendations on the choice of an individual heating scheme and installation features.

Advantages and disadvantages

The advantages of such a solution for an apartment:

• Complete independence from utilities. The owner himself determines how to adjust the heating in order to achieve a comfortable temperature regime.
• The possibility of heating the home at any time, even after the end of the official season. For families with small children - a weighty argument.
• Lack of dependence on external factors - accidents on the highway, sluggishness of public utilities and the like.
• Reducing heating costs, and quite significant.

First, the total includes all Gcal consumed by an apartment building, although some of them are lost even before they enter the system. Uninsulated heating mains are a common phenomenon. Therefore, we pay not only for the heating of our apartment, but also for the environment. And not through their own fault. And if we add here the maintenance of heating systems (maintenance, repair), the salaries of the personnel and administration involved, it becomes clear that all this is at our expense.

Secondly, public utilities are trying to choose their own to the maximum. It is for this reason that radiators literally blaze with heat even at positive temperatures outside the windows. We can't really change anything. Having equipped autonomous heating, the owner pays only for the energy resource (depending on the scheme) used up in fact.

• Perhaps not everyone will agree with this statement, but main disadvantage such heating (if we are talking about a water circuit) - in the design of a package of permits.
• For an apartment building, depending on the year of construction, there are a number of restrictions on the choice of scheme. More on this below.
• Additional financial investments. Although when selling an apartment, this minus turns into a plus, as its market value rises.

System options

1. Electrical diagrams.

They are positioned as one of the cheapest and most effective. But how acceptable are they for heating the entire apartment, and not just for floor heating? Consider their shortcomings, since the plus in terms of autonomy is obvious.

• Heating cables. The main disadvantage is the installation only in the screed.
• Mats. The option is more acceptable, but the uniformity of heating is in question.
• IR films. The optimal view, but there are some difficulties here. For example, in rooms with excessive humidity.

The common disadvantage of all electrical circuits lies in the need complete replacement wiring (it is not designed for the power of heating devices) and devices in the power panel (AB, RCD or others).

2. Water circuit.

Starting its installation in the apartment does not make sense. First of all, due to an excessive increase in the load on the slab (screed + pipes). Permissions are given extremely rarely, with numerous reservations.

3. Individual gas heating.

What should be done:

• Purchase a low-power boiler (wall-mounted version).
• Crash inside the apartment into the common house circuit.
• Install bypass, elements of shutoff valves.
• Install a heat meter at the pipe inlet. This is the main thing that public utilities cannot resist.

What does such an autonomous heating scheme give:

• The ability to set an acceptable temperature in the apartment.
• Security in emergency situations. If the boiler fails (for example, the power supply is cut off), you can immediately switch to central heating.
• Reduced utility costs. You will have to pay for heat only according to an individual meter.
• You can turn on the heating at any time, even in summer, if it is cold outside (and in the house).

The disadvantage in the form of material investments is quickly leveled by profitability. Yes, and getting permission (when installing the meter) is much easier.

Where to begin?

1. "Shoe" in legal terms.

You should start with the legal "literacy program". Officials are very sensitive to the wishes of apartment owners to switch to individual heating. And this is understandable, knowing how much they “have” from only one apartment building under this article. They operate with the Federal Law “On Heat Supply” (No. 190), while keeping silent about the fact that there is also a Government Decree (No. 307 of 2012). The last document is more interesting for the owner. In particular, it provides a list of equipment that is prohibited for installation in an apartment building. This a priori means that everything else for heating is allowed.

2. Contact a specialist.

It is not entirely correct to suspect public utilities of greed alone. If we analyze this aspect from a technical point of view, it becomes clear why they are so reluctant to give permission for the transition to autonomy.

Firstly, the general house scheme ensures uniform heating of all apartments without exception. In them, initially, all heaters (radiators) are the same, and some temperature difference in the rooms (and insignificant) is caused only by the number of storeys, the quality of the insulation of the rooms (mainly window openings) and their location in the house (corner or not). When switching to autonomy, the owner of the dwelling regulates the microclimate in it at his own discretion. There is a possibility that he will set the temperature lower than that of the neighbors. In this case, part of the heat will “leave” from them through the ceilings and walls to it. In this regard, public utilities, assessing the feasibility of installing individual wiring in a separate apartment, take into account the interests of all residents of the house.

Secondly, who will monitor the system if the owner leaves, and for a long time? After all, most likely, he will turn it off. As a result - cooling of the room, freezing of partitions and engineering structures in this part of the route. First of all, plumbing.

When planning the installation of individual heating, you need to get substantive advice from a professional. It will help you choose the most suitable equipment and circuit. Without this, it is hardly worth starting anything. Yes, you will have to pay for the project. But it is he who will become a weighty argument in defending his right to such heating.

3. Prepare a package of documents.

The list is specified in the Housing Code (Article 26). Nevertheless, you should first contact the service organization (MC) and clarify what needs to be prepared to obtain permission to switch to individual heating, since, most likely, some other documents will be needed in addition to those noted in the LCD.

• Statement of the owner of the apartment.
• Ownership document.
• Technical / passport of the dwelling.
• A project (and autonomous heating scheme) drawn up by a certified specialist.
• Written consent of the persons registered in this apartment.

It makes no sense to list all the nuances, especially since the administration will suggest a further algorithm of actions, based on local specifics.

How to choose the right boiler?

There is nothing difficult in this. What to pay attention to?

1. Option - wall equipment. Even for a large apartment, 24 - 28 kW is enough. Those who are interested in the issue of an accurate calculation of power will easily find the relevant information. But it makes no sense to install more than 28 kW in a high-rise building.

2. The heating unit must have an open combustion chamber. Then you do not have to break the wall to bring out the coaxial chimney.

3. The boiler must be double-circuit. It will ensure both the functioning of the system and the supply of hot water - there is no need for a geyser.

obogrevguru.ru

Autonomous heating in an apartment building: pros and cons

Not every public utility can boast of good or even sufficient quality of heating. There are many reasons for this, both objective and subjective, but the result is the same - heating the apartment becomes a personal matter of its owner. You can solve this problem with the help of additional heat sources - oil radiators, convectors, and so on, or capitally: install an autonomous heating system for your own home.

Autonomous heating: pros and cons

The independence of the system is its main advantage. All advantages and disadvantages are consequences of autonomy.

• Heat supply mode - are set according to the desire and capabilities of the people living in the apartment, and not the capabilities of the communal household of an apartment building. Extend the heating season or make it shorter, turn it off if the home is left for a long time, or set it to the minimum heating level - any option is available and doable.
• Heating regulation - the air temperature in the apartment is determined by its inhabitant. In most cases, an independent system allows you to install a thermostat on each radiator, which makes it possible to create an individual thermal regime.
• Savings - despite the hefty initial costs - if we are not talking about an electric boiler, the cost of heating in an apartment and maintaining the system itself is significantly reduced compared to paying for centralized heating services.
• In the case of installing a double-circuit water-heating boiler, it is possible to independently provide the home with hot water all year round.

The disadvantages of autonomous heating are associated with the fact of its installation and the need to independently take care of its normal functioning.

• Installation - all elements of the system are purchased independently, installed by hand or with the help of specialists. The initial expense is quite significant. The photo shows the working moment.
• The installation of the heating system is associated with the partial destruction of wall partitions, the integrity of the floors, and so on. Most likely, in the dwelling after this it will be necessary to carry out at least cosmetic repairs.
• Repair of devices and service - carried out by representatives service centers under various conditions. But in any case, paying them is only the problem of the owner. Deciding whether this is a disadvantage or an advantage is sometimes difficult.
• Installation of autonomous heating requires permission. Of the above, this circumstance is perhaps the most difficult and tedious, judging by the reviews. However, these requirements are not only a product of bureaucratic activity, but also prevent the installation of illegal non-certified equipment, which poses a serious danger to all residents of an apartment building.

The convenience and efficiency of any version of an independent system so much exceeds the costs of effort, time and money for its installation that there can be no two opinions: if installation is fundamentally possible, then it is worth implementing it without delay.

Autonomous heating: water

The most common option for housing in an apartment building is water heating with a gas boiler as a heat source. There are several reasons for this.

Alternatively, an electric boiler can be used. Its advantage is expressed in a much simpler installation, a much smaller amount of permits, and it practically does not need preventive maintenance. The boiler takes up less space, the double-circuit version provides hot water. However, paying for electricity costs often negates all of these benefits.

• Water is an available coolant with high heat capacity. When the system is turned off, heat is retained for some time, providing time to organize alternative heating methods. In the photo - a water radiator.

The disadvantages of the system are the same as those of a conventional centralized water system: it takes time to warm up the premises, pipes become clogged over time, which reduces the efficiency of the system, the material of the pipeline, radiators and boiler wears out, and the like.

Second important disadvantage– a permit is required to use a gas boiler. In no case can the installation of the latter be done by hand. Installation by non-specialists - "local craftsmen" acting without the permission of the relevant organizations is not allowed. The penalty for such spontaneous action is the least of the possible consequences, since the incorrect functioning of the boiler threatens with a serious danger to others.

Autonomous heating: gas convector

This option is more common in country houses, judging by the reviews, while it can also be used in apartments. The basis is the use of natural gas, but the heating scheme is somewhat different.

A gas convector or heater is placed directly in the room and heats the room "directly": cold air is taken through the slots in the lower part of the device, heated in the heat exchanger and fed into the room.

Advantages.

• Since the actual air of the room is heated, that is, there is no intermediate link in the form of heated water, the room is warmed up much faster.
• Again, due to the absence of an intermediate heat carrier, heating costs are lower: the air heats up faster and circulates faster.
• Installation of devices is simpler - there is no need to lay a water pipeline and calculate the mutual influence of supply and return pipes.
• The efficiency of a fairly large number of models is higher than that of gas boilers.

Flaws.

If for some reason the tenants of an apartment building are not satisfied with the heating of their apartment, then it probably occurred to someone of them: is it possible to make individual heating in an apartment?

At first glance, this is a completely impossible task. However, in fact, there is nothing supernatural in this.

It is only necessary to sensibly and competently approach the solution of the problem, and any apartment in an apartment building will be able to acquire its own individual heating system.

If the question arose before a person: is it possible to make individual heating in an apartment, then it is obvious that there were a number of reasons that were a prerequisite for the occurrence.

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Individual heating of an apartment - what is it, why and for what

Most often, people decide to abandon the central heating due to the fact that:

• they are not satisfied with the quality of heating - lack of heat, discomfort in the cold season
• they want to regulate the level and timing of heat supply to the apartment themselves
• they want to reduce heating bills

How to prepare a legal framework

So, the owner of the apartment decided on technical parameters equipment.

There was one, but very significant issue - obtaining permission to install this equipment in your apartment.

To answer: is it possible to make individual heating in an apartment building, only the interdepartmental commission responsible for the use of the housing stock can.

It is there that you will have to apply for the appropriate permission.

First of all, you need to prepare the following package of documents:

• application for the installation of individual heating
• consent of all apartment owners
• minutes of the meeting of all residents of the house with consent to the installation of individual heating in a particular apartment
• title documents for the apartment
• technical passport of the apartment and its copy
• if the house is an architectural monument, then the conclusion of the relevant authority on the legality and possibility of redevelopment

In addition, you will need a lot of various technical documentation, starting with an apartment redevelopment project and ending with copies of purchased equipment.

To collect all the necessary documents and permits, you will have to bypass more than one service and organization. If it is planned to install an electric boiler, then for permission it is necessary to contact the city power grid. For the installation of a gas boiler, a permit is issued by the city gas service. Its experts inspect your home for the presence of a working chimney.

Permission to disconnect from the general house heating is given by the city heating network. The project for the re-equipment of the apartment will be approved by the design. In addition, this project must be coordinated with the SES authorities and the fire department.

When the entire package is assembled, all the necessary permits have been received and approved, you can safely purchase equipment and conclude contracts with professional contractors who will quickly, correctly and safely install individual heating in your apartment. However, that's not all. The last step is to receive the acceptance certificate.

Problems of high-rise buildings

The owners of apartments located on the last floors of multi-storey buildings often have: is it possible to make individual heating in an apartment on the top floor.

In fact, the inhabitants of the upper floors have fewer problems with disconnecting from the central heating, since to disconnect, you only need to make jumpers to the lower risers and that's it. Whereas in apartments located on the lower floors, when disconnected from the central heating, there may be a violation of the heating in adjacent rooms.

Installing individual heating in an apartment building will require a lot of both material and moral costs. You will have to spend a lot of time to bypass all instances and to conduct technical work. But all the effort will pay off with further cost savings and improved comfort in your apartment.

You can switch to independent heating only for the whole house:

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Reading time: 16 min

Every year, as the heating season approaches, citizens have questions about the high cost of public utilities and the quality of housing and communal services provided. Against the backdrop of rising fuel tariffs, individual heating in an apartment building is becoming increasingly relevant. However, when studying information on how to do this, hands can drop, because there are too many bureaucratic nuances and collection of documents.

Dear visitors!

Our articles are informational in nature on the solution of certain legal issues. However, each situation is individual.

To solve a specific problem, fill out the form below, or ask an online consultant a question in the pop-up window at the bottom right of the screen or call the numbers listed on the site (24 hours a day, seven days a week).

However, by consulting a lawyer and planning actions, you can disconnect from the central system.

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Advantages and disadvantages of an autonomous heating system

Autonomous heating is a special scheme for supplying heat to a house. The essence of the system is to install a boiler powered by gas or electricity. Additionally, it is necessary to install new engineering communications, incl. replace batteries and pipes in apartments.

The updated network will provide water supply, the temperature of which is independently regulated by the residents of individual premises. Thus, each owner creates an optimal microclimate in the rooms and saves on heat supply.

Individual heating in an apartment building - the pros and cons often depend on the approach.

System advantages:

1. Independently choose the mode of heating rooms - if the thermometer drops outside, the resident raises the temperature, when warm weather sets in, it lowers it to the required level. When an autonomous system is installed in a separate apartment, a citizen can completely turn off the boiler.
2. Reducing the amount of payment and saving resources. The supply of heat to the premises, carried out by gas or electricity, is used much less compared to the costs of the boiler house. Some suppliers continue to heat batteries even when the average daily temperature is +8°C. For utilities, this is an opportunity to get more profit. Individual heat supply eliminates such situations.
3. The right to start the system and warm up the rooms even in cold and rainy summers.

Note: The temperature control function depends on the utilities. Therefore, when planning an autonomous system, all communications are subject to replacement.

The disadvantages of individual heating include:

• dependence on properly functioning equipment and the highway;
• collection of a large number of papers for permission.

Not everyone succeeds in overcoming the last point, because in addition to overcoming bureaucracy, the process itself costs money. The owner or house needs to go through the stages of approval, create and approve the project and obtain permission. Therefore, often consumers stop halfway.

Watch the video:"Autonomous heating of the apartment - is it worth it?"

The amount of payment for individual heating compared to the central

The cost of autonomous heating is a key consideration when planning the transition from district heating. Experts start from this indicator, since not every owner has a significant amount. At the first stage, it is recommended to calculate the estimate for the transfer to JSC.

The table shows the cost indicators based on:

Table 1.

In the process of redevelopment, additional costs also arise, regardless of the preliminary calculation. As a result, a citizen will have to invest up to 200,000 rubles.

Legislative regulation in 2020

The procedure for installing individual heating in an apartment building in the legislation of 2020 is clearly regulated.

Thus, the regulations on this issue are:

1. establishes redevelopment standards, indicates the list of necessary papers and highlights the main aspects of the re-equipment of residential premises.
2. (as amended for 2020) defines:
   • the need to connect to the heat supply infrastructure and conclude a contract with the supplier;
   • situations when it is impossible to establish a connection to a centralized system;
   • general norms and procedure for installing communications for individual heating.
3. approves the rules for connecting buildings to gas networks. The document explains:
   • how the ability to connect an object is determined;
   • the procedure for conducting;
   • requirements for project papers;
   • other.

For your information: in the laws of 2020, PP No. 307 of April 16, 12 is no longer valid. The document contained information on connecting to the heating system and the registration procedure. To replace this regulatory act in the Russian Federation, they developed.

The regulations provide an explanation of the criteria for selecting a heat supplier, options for submitting documentation and concluding a contract. The main thing to rely on when planning the transition to an autonomous system is the approved energy sources that are prohibited from being used for individual heating.

SNiP on the use of an autonomous heat supply system

The system is equipped with sensors that regulate the microclimate in the rooms. When the maximum mark set by the user is reached, the heating is automatically turned off. Accordingly, and vice versa, as soon as the temperature starts to drop, the heating is activated.

Thus, the owner has his own heating system, without resorting to district heating. Payment is made by electric meter.

The advantage of "warm floors":

• the device does not dry the air - the humidity level remains comfortable;
• equipment is safe for people and animals;
• rooms warm up as quickly as possible.

Preparation and approval of documentation for the transition to an individual heating system

Transferring heating to apartment heating in an apartment building means completely abandoning the central system. Such a procedure leads to the re-equipment of all engineering communications and devices with the subsequent entry of information into the object's passport.

Thus, wishing to refuse heating in an apartment building, the applicant must obtain permission not only from the municipality, but also enlist the support of the owners of MKD.

Note: in the absence necessary documentation, the actions of a citizen to switch to individual heat supply are regarded as an unauthorized blackout from the central resource.

The nuances of unauthorized connection to the autonomous heating system

If a person is going to arbitrarily carry out a disconnection from the central system, then the actions are regarded as an unauthorized misalignment of the engineering networks of the house. It doesn’t matter if it’s a panel MKD or a brick one - in any case, the measures entail an incorrect distribution of the resource, overheating of communications or underheating of individual premises. As a result, the civil rights of people to receive heat supply will be infringed. Accordingly, the resource provider can sue the owner.

Note: an illegal transition to individual heating in an apartment inexorably leads to disruption of the entire system and increased fuel consumption. This is due to the fact that during the construction of the project, a certain diameter of pipes on the highway was laid.

When a part of the consumers living in the MKD is de-energized, the power reserve in the boiler room increases. Such actions have a negative impact on the work of the supplier enterprise, and also negatively affect the quality of the services provided. For example, the tariff for heat rises, which entails a violation of the rights of other citizens.

Where to apply for permission to switch to an individual heat supply system

In order to legally shut off the heating in the apartment and connect individual heat supply, you must contact the administration of the settlement with the documentation. Additionally, you can submit papers through the MFC.

As a rule, these departments send a refusal to register and register re-equipment. Officials are motivated by the fact that the project does not comply with current norms and standards, or some information is missing in the papers.

However, it must be understood that the actual grounds for refusal are:

1. Employees of the authorities do not want to take responsibility for issuing permission to reorganize the premises, since shortcomings and errors in calculations can lead to emergency recognition of the house.
2. For housing and communal services and supplying enterprises, such a process is unprofitable, because it leads to a decrease in the amounts in receipts.

In the event of a dispute, citizens should apply to the judiciary.

Necessary documents for transfer to an autonomous heating system

To agree on the installation of autonomous heating in the room, it is necessary to collect papers approved by:

1. Application. The text of the document must contain the address of the apartment where the refurbishment is planned. Sighting is carried out by all owners. Additionally, the approximate scope of work and other technical indicators are indicated.
2. Evidence confirming the right to own an apartment - a purchase agreement, a lease, a certificate of ownership.
3. Residential renovation project.
4. Registration certificate.
5. Written consent of all citizens living at the facility to install an individual heat supply system.
6. Conclusion from the department for the protection of architectural heritage and permission to carry out redevelopment. This document is required if a private or apartment building is recognized as a cultural monument.

The nuances of preparing a project for an autonomous heating system

The main problem when installing gas or electrical equipment for heating is that the apartment building already has general system heat supply. The owners of the highway are the owners of the premises.

Installing autonomous heating entails updating information that:

• the system is owned by a number of persons;
• is an element of a large engineering network owned by the supplying enterprise and housing and communal services.

Withdrawal of even a small part, as well as making adjustments to the documents, entails the following work:

• create a project;
• correctly select communication elements and equipment;
• install the system in such a way that the rights of other citizens are not affected, and do not increase the risk of an accident.

Therefore, the first stage is to coordinate upcoming events with the owners of MKD, and not just with the municipality.

Possible obstacles in the transfer to an individual heating system and their overcoming

Installation of autonomous heating in MKD is endowed with a number of nuances. So, when installing, citizens are faced with the problem of formalizing and legitimizing the procedure. The disadvantage of individual heat supply is the fact that it is necessary to select heating elements, since the main errors relate specifically to technology.

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When the owner lives in an apartment building connected to central heating, it is difficult to obtain official permission to install an autonomous system. Or you need to invest a large amount. At the same time, the costs relate not only to money, but also to time.

The tricky part is the technical documentation. When planning the installation of an individual heating system, the legislator imposes requirements on the applicant for the collection of papers. At this stage, they are often confronted with banal bureaucracy. In 2020, it is quite difficult to give up district heating. In this case, the decision remains with the municipality, but employees of the authorities, as a rule, refuse to carry out redevelopment.

The reasons and motivation of the official are understandable, since there is always the possibility of making mistakes that will lead to a decrease in the level of heat in neighboring rooms. In addition, incorrect calculations can lead to disruption of the central heating system as a whole. Accordingly, there will be an imbalance in the high-rise building system.

However, there is another side of the coin, which also relies on existing laws. So, if a citizen has no debt to the supplier, then he has the right to install an autonomous heating system. As a result, the contract with the state-owned company will be terminated. To achieve this goal, you need to be persistent and turn to lawyers.

Judicial practice on the transfer to an individual heating system for an apartment in an MKD

In legal practice, owners often face a refusal to satisfy a claim. Such a verdict is often due to the risk of deterioration in the living conditions of MKD owners. These requirements are spelled out in.

When developing a project for the transfer to an individual heating system, it is necessary to carefully study.

In the absence of the ability to independently deal with the difficulties and technical documents, experts recommend contacting the design company. In some regions of the country, such work is carried out by employees of departments of the gas enterprise. Services are provided at a separate price list.

A district heating system is a convenience and a benefit, however, to use this opportunity, it is necessary to overcome the obstacles associated with obtaining permits. In addition, it is necessary to choose the right gas heating boiler and order installation from workers. For 2020, there are many court precedents that allow the installation of individual heat supply.

It is possible to abandon the central resource supply system and switch to autonomous heat consumption. But the problems of such events lie in the need to obtain a decision from all owners of MKD. In addition, it will be necessary to disassemble communications and coordinate activities with the RNO, UK and housing and communal services.

To obtain permission from other apartment owners, it is required to bring the issue to the meeting. During the voting, it will become clear whether to proceed or not.

Watch the video:"The Supreme Court "buried" autonomous heating in the MKD."

Now many apartments are tied to central heating, that is, there is a boiler room that supplies them with heat and hot water. It's not always cheap, or rather it's not always cheap! Because the systems (pipes) are often worn out, there is a huge loss of heat, and the management companies have a free hand, they can wind up as much as necessary. In general, we overpay for such heating mercilessly! However, now more and more developers are presenting apartments with the so-called autonomous heating, and this living space is a little more expensive, but later it quickly pays off. If you do not know what it is, then read our article ...

Let's start with a definition.

Heating system- this is an autonomous heating system for an apartment or house, which does not come into contact with external central systems. Usually you have either a gas boiler or an electric boiler in your apartment - you yourself already regulate the heat supply and water heating.

That is, no losses to the central system, just turn it on at home and enjoy, very reasonable and logical. Now let's go over the main systems that can be installed in apartments.

Gas autonomous heating

At the moment, the most common, because gas itself is a very cheap fuel. The principle is simple, you do water system with aluminum or cast iron batteries, put the boiler, it is almost always double-circuit, supply gas to it, and connect the system.

The boiler supplies you not only with heating, but also with hot water, which is also not unimportant! As a result, you pay only for the consumption of gas and cold water (which is heated by gas).

System advantages :

• This is undoubtedly cost-effectiveness, when compared with the central option, the difference can reach 3-5 times!
• This is a convenience - you can turn on the boiler at any time, you are not tied to a centralized option.
• Can be combined with electric heaters, such as underfloor heating.
• You can remake pipes and batteries, for yourself.

Minuses :

• The gas boiler requires maintenance every year.
• If broken, repairs can be frustratingly expensive.
• You yourself need to monitor the heating system, this is a boiler, pipes, radiators.

As you can see, the pros and cons are significant. But from my own experience, I can tell you that an autonomous gas system is just a treasure for an apartment! Here is a simple example - the area of ​​\u200b\u200bmy living space is about 82 square meters. meters, for heating I pay from 2000 to 2500 rubles a month, I have a central system + hot water about 1000 - 1200 more, total - 3000 - 3700 rubles! My friend has the same area, maybe a little more (about 90 squares), he pays about 1000 - 1500 rubles a month for everything, he has a boiler, respectively, he heats the water through it! Feel the difference?

Electric option

Not so economical, however, has recently been developing very rapidly. You can install the heating elements directly into the radiators themselves and not “fence” a lot of water pipes. Also now there are (mats or film), convectors, improved radiators with high efficiency, etc.

That is, if your house does not have gas, it does not matter, you can make autonomous heating of rooms and water with electricity.

It is cheaper than central heating, although not as significant as gas, saving up to two times here.

pros :

• The devices are diverse, these are floors, convectors, radiators, heat guns, etc.
• You don't need a gas line to the house.
• Can be done almost anywhere there is electricity.
• You can power it from alternative sources (sun, wind), we will get big savings.
• Savings compared to central heating.

Minuses :

• Such heaters require powerful wires, that is, the wiring must withstand them.
• Wiring must be calculated and installed by professionals.
• If the electricity is cut off, there is no heating, respectively!

Watch a helpful video.

I will say this - electrical options are becoming more efficient every year, efficiency is growing, technologies are improving (), if it goes like this, then in 5-10 years they will approach gas in efficiency.

Now if you install electric heating for yourself, then it is about 2-2.5 times more efficient than the central one.

Other options

Of course, now there is also heating with solid fuel (coal, firewood), but it is difficult to use it in apartments! You will not store bundles of firewood for the winter, will you? And yes, it is a fire hazard.

Alternative sources, this is another matter, now there is geothermal, solar, wind, etc. heating. Of course, the efficiency is not always 100%, but if you combine all three at once, it can turn out not even bad - I would say almost for nothing.

Probably, now many people thought - damn it, how cool, I also want to heat up autonomously in the apartment, I’ll cut off these “central” radiators - I don’t need them! Yes, guys, I thought so too, but our government does not think so, you can’t just cut off the batteries in the apartment! . Therefore, those who have central heating may not even dream of installing autonomous heating for themselves.

That's all, I think now you understand - what it is and why it is needed at all. If you are buying a new apartment, pay attention to this!

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