Domestic trucks of the Gorky Automobile Plant have been popular since the Soviet period. As you know, engine oils, and GAZ are no exception, must have high adhesion properties and reliably protect the main mechanisms of the system from corrosion corrosion, effectively remove heat from the rubbing surfaces of parts and prevent wear.
General characteristics of oil for GAS
According to the operational conditions for the functioning of the internal combustion engine: pressure, temperature indicators, the strength of the frictional interaction of parts, as well as the material of their manufacture, GAZ cars are used different kinds car oil.
They have one thing in common: high-quality greases should not change their original characteristics during operation or under the influence of temperature fluctuations.
At the same time, they must comply with the vehicle manufacturer's requirements and general approval. The composition should not contain harmful waste and impurities, alkalis and acids. A lubricant component with a certain level of viscosity, temperature setting and stability is used for each engine separately.
With regard to viscosity, this indicator demonstrates the resistance of particles to mutual movement. If the oil has a high degree of viscosity, then it is quite difficult to penetrate into the engine and is poorly sprayed.
Accordingly, if this parameter is not observed, the car oil negatively affects the reduction of friction of parts, which leads to rapid engine wear. Viscosity is usually denoted by numbers in front of the letter indicating the brand. Thus, the higher the index, the greater the degree of viscosity.
As for stability, this means its ability not to change its original properties for a long time. This is an extremely important factor for the operation of GAZ vehicles. Solidification of a lubricant denotes its temperature at which it loses its mobility properties.
Lubricant products for GAZ power units are designated by numbers and letter symbols. The number is the degree of viscosity, the letter M and subsequent numbers indicate the performance.
Oil for GAZ 53
In the internal combustion engine 53 models, off-season greases AC8 or M8B are usually used. The first label is an older version of the oil designation. The A was for engines with carburetors, C was the cleaning method, and the last figure was the viscosity of the fluid.
For the most efficient operation of the oil, it is recommended to use special additives in the GAZ engine. They increase the viscosity of the base lubricant, as well as prevent strong fluidity and improve the performance of the system. For GAZ, complex additives are usually used that change some of the properties of a car oil.
Lubricant for the GAZ 3110 engine
For the 3110 internal combustion engine with 8 cylinders, it is necessary to use a natural oil with a viscosity level of 15w30, 10w30. Also recommended for use are semi-synthetics with a viscosity of 10w40 from the companies Gazpromneft, Lukoil.
If the vehicle is actively operated in severe frosts, then it is necessary to fill synthetic products with a viscosity level of 5w40. However, for such engines, it is best to use lubricants based on mineral and semi-synthetic bases.
As for the volume of motor oil, for the GAZ 3110 engine system it is necessary to use about 8 liters, and in old 3.5 engines - no more than 7 liters. The lubrication change frequency is carried out upon reaching 5000-7000 km, according to the operating conditions.
Engine oil GAZ 3307
For power units with 8 cylinders on a gasoline basis, it is recommended to use engine fluids with a viscosity level of 10w40 and 5w40 on a semi-synthetic basis. You can also fill in mineral water with a viscosity of 20w50, 15w40. Factory oils have been specially developed for model 3107:
- Master 10w40;
- Professional 5w40;
- Mineral oil Original and Standard.
Any factory lubricants can be changed to alternative foreign options. For filling, 10 liters are required. Replacements are performed upon reaching 7,000-10,000 km of run in accordance with the operating conditions.
For engines on a diesel basis with volumes of 4.75 and 4.43 liters, it is necessary to use about 12 liters of grease. It is recommended to use liquids on a mineral or semi-synthetic base as a filling. The viscosity is 15w40, 5w40, 10w40. Replacement frequency - upon reaching 7,000-10,000 km of run.
If there is a desire or need to replace the factory oil with identical analogs, then you can use any mineral formulations. Experienced car enthusiasts recommend using motor lubricants from manufacturers:
- Lukoil;
- Gazpromneft;
- Castrol;
- Shell.
The main thing is not to forget that the product must correspond to the level of viscosity, depending on the operation of the car for certain weather conditions.
Engine lubricant for GAZ 21
For the Volga power units of the first generation of 1968, off-season mineral-based fluids with a viscosity level of 15w20 and SG quality are relevant. If we are talking about newer vehicle trim levels, then for the cold season it is recommended to fill in mineral water 5w20 SG.
Any selected car oil must be checked against the factory requirements and specifications for the GAZ 21, as well as the maintenance intervals. Basically, the owners of 21 models use semi-synthetic oils with a viscosity of 10w40. They work great at any time of the year.
For replacement, about 6 liters are used. In summer, it is recommended to use mineral greases with a change interval of 7-10,000 km. As for the brand, it is worth giving preference to the above options.
Oils for GAZ in winter
Thanks to the labeling, each GAZ owner can choose the most optimal oil for your car model. In winter, the lubricant must be selected according to temperature indicators and viscosity characteristics. Ideally, these are formulations with viscosities from 0w30 to 10w40.
0w30 is less viscous, but even in severe frosts -30 / -40 it does not lose its initial fluidity properties and interacts perfectly with internal combustion engines.
As for oils with an indicator of 5w30, they are also used in winter, when light frosts are observed. Oils with an index of 10w30 are recommended for use in regions with milder weather conditions.
The 10w40 mark demonstrates versatility. That is, the lubricating fluid can be used in areas where temperatures are observed down to -5 ° C.
Do not forget the fact that a lower indicator demonstrates the level of viscosity during the heating period of the engine and its further reaching operating temperatures. If the oil has too much fluidity, then it will not be able to guarantee full protection of the GAZ engine in comparison with thicker lubricants.
In other words, we can say that with high fluidity, a thinner, not so reliable film is formed to protect the main mechanisms of the GAZ system. Accordingly, in order to be sure of the immediate start of a cold unit, it is best to use lubricants with a viscosity level of 5w30, 5w40, 15w30.
Taking into account the peculiarities of operating a GAZ car, it is necessary to follow the manufacturer's recommendations and fill in better quality products in accordance with the climatic zone.
For example, if in technical instructions it is indicated that for a specific car model it is necessary to use 10w40 or 5w30 oils, then it is necessary to select fluids taking into account the possible lowering of the temperature conditions of a particular region.
This section lists the work that must be performed regularly in the intervals between the maintenance operations provided for in the service book.
8.1. Checking the oil level in the engine crankcase
The oil level should be checked with the engine cold, not running, and the vehicle should be parked on level ground. The oil level should be between the marks "P" and "O" of the dipstick (closer to the mark "P") Add oil if necessary.
Pour fresh oil through the oil filler neck closed with a plug.
8.2. Checking the oil level in the gearbox and rear axle
The oil level check must be carried out on a vehicle with no load, installed on a level surface, on cooled units.
The oil level in the gearbox must be at the level of the lower edge of the filler hole - fig. 8.1.
The oil level in the rear axle (Fig. 8.2) should be at the level of the lower edge of the filler hole.
Rice. 8.1. Checking the oil level in the gearbox:
Rice. 8.2, Checking the oil level and the rear axle:
1 - drain plug;
2 - filler plug
8.3. Checking the coolant level
Check the coolant level in the expansion tank 2 (Fig. 8.3) only on a cold engine.
The liquid level in the expansion tank should be at the “MIN” mark or 30–50 mm higher than it.
Rice. 8.3. Checking the coolant level in the expansion tank:
1-plug; 2-tank
Add coolant through the opening of the expansion tank closed with a plug. If you frequently add fluid, it is necessary to check the tightness of the cooling system.
8.4. Checking the electrolyte level in the battery
The electrolyte level in the battery should be between the MIN and MAX marks (Fig. 8.4), printed on the translucent battery case, and if they are absent, along the lower edge of the filler hole.
If the electrolyte level is below the norm, it is necessary to remove the cover 1, unscrew the plugs 2 and through the holes 3 add distilled water to the battery cells to the norm; then screw the plugs 2, after checking the cleanliness of the ventilation holes in them and install the cover 1. After that, wipe the outer surfaces of the battery with a clean cloth moistened with a 10% solution of ammonia or baking soda.
Rice. 8.4. Accumulator battery:
1- cover; 2 - cork; 3 - filler hole
It is necessary to constantly monitor the cleanliness of the battery terminals and wire clamps, as well as the reliability of their connections.
When installing the battery on the car, make sure that the wires are connected in accordance with the polarity indicated on their terminals and battery terminals (positive terminal is greater than negative).
Before being installed on a car, the batteries are charged to a density of 1.25-1.27 g / cm 3. Depending on the climatic region of operation of the car, the density of the electrolyte must be adjusted (see instructions for use of batteries).
When the car is parked for a long time, disconnect the battery from the car body to ensure fire safety.
Battery switch (installed on car parts). To disconnect the battery during long-term parking or when repairing electrical equipment, a battery switch 12 (see Fig. 5.1) is installed to the right of the driver's seat.
To avoid damage to some electrical equipment, do not disconnect the battery while the engine is running.
8.5. Checking the oil level in the reservoir of the power steering system of the car gaz-3309
The reservoir for the power steering system is installed under the hood on the front of the cab on the left side.
The oil level in the reservoir must be between the MAX and MIN marks on the reservoir body.
Rice. 8.5. Checking the oil level in the reservoir of the power steering system
8.6. Tensioning the accessory drive belts
8.6.1. D-245.7 E3 engine
The fan belt tension is checked by pressing the middle of the branch between the crankshaft and alternator pulleys with a force of 4.0 daN (4.0 kgf), while the deflection value should be within 12–17 mm. To adjust the belt tension, loosen the generator fastener, turn it and tighten the belt.
Tighten the rail mounting bolt and the alternator mounting bolt nuts. The belt tension is considered normal if its deflection on the branches of the crankshaft pulley - generator pulley (Fig. 8.6) is within 12-17 mm when pressed with a force of 4.0 daN (4.0 kgf).
Rice. 8.6. Checking the fan belt tension
8.6.2. ZMZ-5231 engine
The tension of the belts is controlled by a spring dynamometer. The belt is tensioned correctly if, at a load of 4.0 daN (4.0 kgf), in the middle of the section between the pulleys of the generator and the fan, the deflection will be within 10-15 mm.
8.7. Wheel and tire care
During the operation of the car, it is necessary to timely tighten the wheel nuts in order to avoid breaking the mounting holes, remove rust from the wheels and make them tint.
To ensure the longest tire life, the following guidelines should be followed:
- maintain the required pressure in the tires. The pressure is checked on cold tires before driving. At stops on the way, you should inspect the tires and visually check the air pressure in them. Do not drive with reduced tire pressure, even for short distances. Do not reduce the pressure in heated tires by letting air out of them, since during driving, an increase in pressure is inevitable due to heating of the air in them;
- balancing the wheels. At the factory, complete tires and wheels are dynamically balanced using weights installed on both sides of the rim flanges. Checking and balancing wheels with tires should be done at a special stand. The imbalance of a wheel with a tire should not exceed 25 g / m;
- when returning from a trip and at stops, you should inspect the tires and remove foreign objects from them. The vehicle should be parked in a clean and dry place. Do not let oil, gasoline, oil paint get on the tires;
- do not allow the car to park on flat tires;
- rearrangement of tires (Fig. 8.7) should be done as needed. The basis for rearrangement of tires can be the need to obtain uniform wear of all tires, including the spare, as well as to ensure the correct selection of tires along the axles. The axle should be fitted with tires that have the same tread wear, with more reliable tires installed on the front axle of the vehicle.
Rice. 8.7. Tire swap diagram
The wear limit of the tire tread corresponds to residual depth grooves 1.6 mm, which is determined by measurement or wear indicators. The wear indicators, which are 1.6 mm high in the form of continuous rubber strips, are located in the tread belts and are marked on the tire sidewalls with TWI badges.
8.8. Changing wheels
Replace the wheel in the following order:
- brake the car with a parking brake;
- put stops under the wheels on the side opposite to the wheel being removed;
- loosen the tightening of the six nuts of the wheel to be removed;
- put a jack (fig.8.8) under the front axle beam or rear axle close to the wheel to be removed and unscrew the screw 2 by hand until it stops in the indicated parts. When lifting the wheel on the ground, it is recommended to put a bar or board under the base of the jack;
Rice. 8.8. Jack: 1 - head; 2 - screw; 3 and 4 - working plungers; 5 - lever; 6 - delivery plunger; 7 - locking needle; 8 - cork
- turn the locking needle 7 all the way to the right (clockwise), insert the knob into the lever 5 and swing the knob to lift the car so that the removed wheel comes off the surface by 4-5 mm.
In case of failure of the jack to lift, make a few swings of the crank with the shut-off needle 7 open to remove air that could get into the working cavity of the jack.
The limitation of the lifting of the plungers is mechanical, with an increase in the effort on the lever at the end of the lift - stop lifting;
- unscrew the six wheel nuts, change the wheel and return the nuts;
- lower the car from the jack, slowly opening the shut-off needle 7, turning it to the left (counterclockwise);
- tighten the six wheel nuts and remove the wedges;
- to bring the air pressure in the tires to the norm.
When using and storing the jack, observe the following rules:
- To stabilize the car, place stops under the wheels of the opposite side and brake with the parking brake.
- It is forbidden to carry out any work under the vehicle, which is raised on a jack.
To carry out adjustment and installation and dismantling works, raise the car with a jack and lower it onto the stands. - When storing the jack, the screw must be turned in, the working and delivery plungers lowered, and the shut-off needle turned off 1-2 turns.
- Fill the jack with clean filtered VMGZ-S or MGE-10A oil to the level of the filling hole.
At ambient temperatures up to minus 40 ° C, it is allowed to use transformer oil.
It is prohibited to use other oils and fluids, including brake fluids.
It is necessary to eliminate jack malfunctions in a timely manner. Oil seepage in the plungers and check needle is eliminated by tightening the packing nuts. Oil leakage into the joints of the body parts is eliminated by tightening the body head. When the oil seals are worn out, they should be replaced.
The failure of the jack occurs due to the presence of air in the working cavity or due to sinking of the valves. To eliminate the malfunction, it is necessary to lightly knock on the pressure plunger lever several times and continue lifting. To avoid air entering the working cavity of the jack, do not lift the working plunger by hand when the needle is closed.
Incomplete lifting of the working plunger of the jack occurs due to a lack of oil. It is necessary to periodically check the amount of oil in the jack and add if it is low. The oil level should be up to the filler hole closed by the plug 8.
Failure to work, except for the indicated reasons, may be caused by dirt getting into the jack. To clean the dirt, it is necessary to fill in clean kerosene instead of oil and pump the jack with the shut-off needle unscrewed, then remove the kerosene and fill in the oil.
8.9. Cab care
The car cab is made of modern materials and protected from corrosion by high quality protective materials. Car system coatings consists of several layers:
- cataphoretic primer;
- top enamel in various colors (melamine-alkyd based or two-layer acrylic-based system - base enamel plus varnish).
For anticorrosive protection and for protection against abrasive wear, plastisol hot-drying mastic is applied to the cab bottom, wheel arches, and floor thresholds over a cataphoresis primer.
The foundation for the longevity of the cab has been laid down by the manufacturer. However, the preservation of the necessary protective and decorative properties of coatings depends on proper care, climatic conditions, the ecological state of the environment and the storage conditions of the vehicle.
During the operation of the car, constant preventive maintenance of the cab paint and varnish coating is required, which consists in timely and correct washing, in the treatment with polishing agents, as well as in the timely touch-up of damaged areas.
To avoid damage to the cab paintwork, wash it as soon as possible:
- after rain to prevent the aggressive effects of acid precipitation;
- after driving on roads sprinkled with salt;
- when contaminants such as soot, sap emitted by tree leaves, bird droppings containing chemically active substances that change the color of the decorative coating and cause enamel flaking, get on the coating;
- when deposits of dust and dirt appear.
In summer, the car should be washed outdoors in the shade. If this is not possible, then it is necessary to immediately wipe the washed surfaces dry, since when the water drops dry in the sun, stains form on the painted surface. It is not recommended to wash your car in the cold.
The car should be washed with a soft sponge and car shampoos. After washing, rinse the vehicle thoroughly with plenty of clean water. It is recommended to wipe the washed surfaces dry with a soft cloth (flannel). It must be remembered that the flanges of doors, hood, trunk lid, engine compartment joints, door openings, welds are particularly susceptible to the aggressive effects of salt compounds used to combat icing. Therefore, it is necessary to regularly clean these places from various contaminants, since the accumulated dirt leads to the destruction of the protective and decorative coating and to metal corrosion. Traces of corrosion on hemming and welded joints are of a superficial nature and can be removed at the initial stage with polishing pastes.
If in the region where the car is operated, salt formulations are used to treat the roads, then it is necessary to regularly wash the bottom of the cab. This will prevent the formation of sludge and salt deposits and corrosion damage to the cab floor and chassis parts. In addition, during the operation of the car, the coating of the bottom of the cab is exposed to gravel, sand, therefore, at the beginning and at the end of the autumn-winter period, it is necessary to check the condition of the bottom and, if necessary, put in order the damaged areas on the bottom of the cab.
Regular polishing of the cabin with the applied polishing materials helps to protect the paintwork and helps to preserve its decorative properties (especially for cars stored outdoors). Before polishing, the painted surface should be thoroughly rinsed with water and wiped dry. Polish according to the manufacturer's instructions for the specific polishing agent. It is forbidden to use aggressive cleaners and other substances when polishing, which can damage the paintwork of the cab.
Store your vehicle in a garage or under a shed. During long-term storage of the car in an open parking lot, a defect "surface inclusions of iron-containing particles in the paint film" may appear on the paintwork. The specified defect is caused by particles of iron and its oxides, falling on the painted surface of the car together with atmospheric dust. The defect is superficial and does not damage the integrity of the coating. The indicated defect is eliminated by polishing with the use of grinding and polishing pastes.
If bitumen gets on the surface of the cabin, you must immediately remove it with white spirit or auto-cleaner. bituminous spots, as bitumen causes yellowing of the light coating.
Motor and paintwork also has a negative effect on paintwork. transmission oils, brake fluid, acid, alkali, soda solution and other aggressive fluids. To remove such contamination, rinse the contaminated area with water. In case of incomplete removal of contamination, special products should be used, which can be purchased at an automotive accessories store.
8.10. Types of vehicle maintenance
The following types of maintenance are installed:
- Daily maintenance(EO).
- The first maintenance (TO-1) - after 5000 km of run.
- Second maintenance (TO-2) - after 20,000 km.
- Seasonal maintenance (CO).
Seasonal maintenance is carried out once a year, together with the next work on TO-1 or TO-2.
The frequency of the first and second maintenance is set depending on the following vehicle operating conditions.
| Environment category | Car working conditions | Maintenance frequency, km | |
| TO-1 | TO-2 | ||
| I | 1. Highways of I, I, III technical categories outside the suburban area on flat, slightly hilly and hilly terrain, having cement-concrete and asphalt-concrete pavements. | 5000 | 20000 |
| II | 1. Highways of I, II, III Technical categories outside the suburban area in mountainous areas, as well as in small towns and suburban areas (in all types of relief, except for mountain), with cement concrete and asphalt concrete pavements. 2. Highways of I, II, III Technical categories outside the suburban area (in all types of relief, except for mountainous), as well as in small towns and in the suburban area on flat terrain with a coating of bitumen-mineral mixtures. |
4500 | 18000 |
| 3. Highways of III, IV technical categories outside the suburban area, having crushed stone and gravel surfaces in all types of relief, except for mountainous and mountainous. | 4500 | 18000 | |
| III | 1. Highways of I, II, III Technical categories outside the suburban area, car roads in small towns and suburban areas (mountainous areas), as well as in large cities, with cement-concrete and asphalt-concrete pavements. 2. Highways of I, II, III Technical categories outside the suburban area (mountainous terrain), Highways in small towns and in the suburban area (in all types of relief, except flat), as well as in big cities (in all types of relief, except for mountain), having coatings of bitumen-mineral mixtures. 3. Motor roads of III, IV technical categories outside the suburban area in mountainous and mountainous terrain, motor roads in the suburban area and streets of small towns, streets of large cities (all types of relief, except for mountainous and mountainous), with crushed stone and gravel surfaces. 4. Highways of III, IV, V technical categories outside the suburban area, highways in the suburban area and streets of small towns, streets of large cities (flat terrain), covered with cobblestone and crushed stone, as well as coatings from soils treated with binders materials. 5. in-plant highways with improved coverage. 6. winter roads. |
4000 | 16000 |
| IV | 1.Streets of large cities with coatings of bitumen-mineral mixtures (mountainous terrain), crushed stone and gravel coatings (mountainous and mountainous terrain), coatings from cobblestone and crushed stone and from soils treated with binders (all types of relief, except for plain) materials. 2. Motor roads of the V technical category outside the suburban area, motor roads in the suburban area and streets of small towns (flat terrain), which have unpaved unreinforced or reinforced with local materials of the cover. 3. Timber and forestry dirt roads in good condition. |
3500 | 14000 |
| V | 1. Natural dirt roads, on-farm roads in rural areas, intra-quarry and dump roads, temporary access roads to various construction sites and places of extraction of sand, clay, stone, etc. during periods when traffic is possible there. | 3000 | 12000 |
8.11. Maintenance work
8.11.1. Daily Maintenance (EO)
| The content of the work and the methodology for their implementation | Technical requirements | Tools and accessories |
| 1 | 2 | 3 |
| Check the oil level in the engine crankcase, top up if necessary | The oil level should be between the O and P marks of the bar indicator (closer to the P mark) | Funnel, engine oil |
| Check for liquid in the cooling system. If necessary, add coolant to the expansion tank | The coolant level in the replenishment tank must be at the "MIN" mark or 30 mm higher | |
| Check the presence of fluid in the reservoir of the brake and clutch drive system | The brake fluid level warning light should be off | On the indicator on the instrument panel |
| Check the presence of fuel in the tank, top up if necessary | According to the fuel level indicator on the instrument panel | |
| Check the air pressure in the tires, if necessary, bring it to normal. Check the pressure on cold tires. | Tire pressure - in accordance with the section "Technical characteristics" | |
| Check the tightness of the cooling system, hydraulic brake and clutch control, power supply and lubrication systems of the engine, power steering * | Leakage of fuel, oil and brake fluid must not be ** | |
| Check the condition of the fuel lines | Hose cracks are not allowed | Visually |
| Check the operation of the engine and the serviceability of its systems. Start the engine and warm it up to a coolant temperature of 40-50 ° C, press the pedal several times throttle valves(for GAZ-3307) or fuel control pedal (for GAZ-3309) | The engine should idle stably, it should be easy to switch from low speed to high speed. There should be no interruptions, knocks and extraneous noise. the oil pressure at idle speed should not exceed 0.1 MPa (1 kgf / cm 2), the oil pressure warning lamp should turn off | By ear and by instrument on the dashboard |
| Check the oil level *** in the power steering reservoir (for GAZ-3309) | The oil level should be between the marks on the dipstick in the tank cap | Funnel, oil for hydraulic systems, grade "P", grade "A", oil VMGZ |
| Check the serviceability of the drive and the action of the parking brake system | The drive lever should move 15-20 teeth (controlled by clicks) when applying a maximum force of 60 daN (60 kgf) | |
| Check the serviceability of the service brake system. Check with the engine running at idle and pressing the brake pedal with maximum effort | 1.At the moment you press the pedal, you should hear the hiss of air in the filter of the hydraulic vacuum brake booster located behind the driver's seat on the floor of the cab | Aurally |
| 2.the gap between the pedal and the floor of the cab must be at least 25 mm 3.the brake fluid level warning lamp should not light up 4. after ten minutes after stopping the engine, the vacuum brake actuator malfunction indicators should not light up. |
Visually | |
| Check the generator for serviceability when the engine is running at medium speed and the consumers are switched on (high beam headlights) | The Current Pointer must not indicate a digit | Visually |
| Check the operation of light signals, washer and wiper, sound signal | With the engine running, make sure that the devices are in good working order by sequentially turning them on. |
* For GAZ-3309.
** Sweating, the formation of oil stains in the places of the stuffing box seals and breathers, which do not interfere with the normal operation of units, assemblies and do not affect the lubricant consumption, are not rejection signs.
*** If the oil level in the reservoir is insufficient, it is necessary to check the tightness of the power steering system.
8.11.2. Periodic maintenance (TO-1, TO-2, SO)
Periodic maintenance work is listed in the service book attached to the vehicle.
8.11.3. Car lubrication
- Recommended for use are motor oils designated by the trademarks of OJSC "Lukoil".
It is prohibited to use other brands of fuels and lubricants and liquids, except for those specified in subsection 8.11.4. - Before lubricating, you need to remove dirt from the grease fittings and plugs to avoid its penetration into the mechanisms of the car.
- Lubricate with a syringe until fresh grease appears from the joints of the parts of the unit being lubricated.
- When replacing the engine oil with oil of another brand or brand, it is recommended to flush the lubrication system with flushing oil.
Mixing (topping up) of engine oils is prohibited. different brands and various firms.
8.11.4. Lubrication chart
| Name of unit, unit | Amount of points | Quantity lubricant | Grease name | Application temperature |
| Crankcase of the ZMZ-5231 engine | 1 | 10 L | See (Table 2) | |
| Crankcase of the L-245.7 EZ engine | 1 | 12 L | Motor oils "Lukoil Avangard" SAE 15W-40 or M-10 G 2 k | Summer |
| Motor oils "Lukoil Super" SAE 5W-40 or M-8G 2 k | In winter | |||
| Motor oils SAE 15W-40 API CF-4, CF-4 / SG | All-season up to minus 15 ° С | |||
| Motor oils SAE 5W-40 API CF-4, CF-4 / SG | All-season up to minus 25 ° С | |||
| Ignition distributor sensor rotor bushing (GAZ-3307) | 1 | Engine oil | ||
| Water pump bearings (GAZ-3307) | 1 | 15 g | Litol 24 Duplicating grease LITA |
All season |
| Clutch release bearing (GAZ-3307) - | 1 | 20 g | Litol-24 Duplicating grease LITA |
All season |
| Transmission housing | 1 | 6 l | Transmission oil TSp-15K or TAP-15V or "Super G-3" or "Devon Super T" or "Lukoil TM-5" SAE 85W-90 | From minus 25 ° С to plus 45 ° С |
| Transmission oil TSp-10 | Below minus 25 ° С | |||
| A mixture of TSp-15K or TAP-15V or "Super T-3" or "Devon Super T" or "Lukoil TM-5" SAE 85W-90 oil with 10 _ 15% of grade A diesel fuel | Below minus 25 ° С | |||
| All-weather from minus 40 ° С to plus 25 ° С | ||||
| Cardan shaft joint bearings | 50 g | GAZ-3307) 60 g (GAZ-3309) |
Grease No. 158 Redundant grease CIATIM-201 | All season |
| Splined joint of the propeller shaft | 1 | 200 g | Greases solid oil Zh, solid oil C | All season |
| Intermediate propeller shaft support bearing | 1 | 50 g | Litol-24 grease. Duplicating grease LITA |
All season |
| Rear axle housing and rear wheel hub bearings | 1 | 8.2 L | Above minus 25 ° С Below minus 25 ° С |
|
| Transmission oil TSz-9 hyp | Below minus 25 ° С | |||
| A mixture of oil "Super T-3" or "Lukoil TM-5" SAE 85W-90 or "Devon Super T" with 10-15% diesel fuel grade "A" | All season | |||
| Oil "Lukoil TM-5" SAE 75W-90 | from minus 40 ° С to plus 25 ° С | |||
| Towing bar | 1 | 15 g | Litol-24 greases, solid oil Zh or solid oil C | All season |
| Shock absorbers | 4 | 1.6 L | AZH-12T. duplicating fluid - spindle oil AU | All season |
| Knuckle pivot bearings | 4 | 30 g | Grease grease Zh or grease C | All season |
| Front wheel hub bearings | 2 | 500 g | Litol-24 grease. Duplicating grease LITA | All-season. for cold climates |
| Steering gear housing | 1 | 0.6 L (GAZ-3307) 0.45-0.5 L (GAZ-3309) | Transmission oil "Super T-3" or "Devon Super T" or "Lukoil TM-5" SAE 85W-90 | All season |
| Cardan joints of the steering drive | 5 | 25 g | All season | |
| Track rod joints | 2 | 6 g | Litol-24. duplicating lubricants - grease Zh, grease C, LITA grease | All season |
| Tie rod joints | 2 | 6 g (GAZ-3307) 60 g (GAZ-3309) |
Litol-24. backup grease LITA | All season |
| Power steering cylinder joint (GAZ-3309) | 1 | 15 g | Litol-24 greases, solid oil Zh, solid oil C | All season |
| Power steering (GAZ-3309) | 1 | 1.8 L | Oil for hydromechanical and hydrostatic transmissions, grade P | From minus 35 ° С to plus 40 ° С |
| Oil for hydromechanical and hydrostatic transmissions, grade A | Only in the summer | |||
| Oil vmgz | Only in summer (below minus 35 ° С) | |||
| Air ventilation filters (GAZ-3309) fuel tank | 2 | 0.1 L | Engine oil | All season |
| Replenishment reservoir for hydraulic brake actuator | 1 | 1.35 L | Brake fluid "ROS-DOT". Duplicating liquid "Tom" of class III, grade "A" | All season |
| Refill reservoir for hydraulic clutch | 1 | 0.2 L | Brake fluid "ROS-DOT". Duplicating liquid "Tom" of class III, grade "L" | All season |
| Battery terminals - GAZ-3307, (batteries - GAZ-3309) |
4 (GAZ-3307) |
30 g | Cannon grease PVC or grease | All season |
| 8 (GAZ-3309) 4 |
40 g | |||
| Door hinges | 80 g | Litol-24 greases, LITA | All season | |
| Engine cooling system | 1 | 25.5 L (GAZ-3307) 16L | Cooling liquids: OZh-40 "Lena", TOSOL-A40M, "Cool Stream Standard 40", "Termosol" brand A-40 | Above minus 40 ° С |
| (GAZ-3309) | ОЖ-65 "Lena", TOSOL-A65M, "Cool Stream Standard 65". "Thermosol" brand A-65 | Below minus 40 ° С |
table 2
Engine oils with higher performance properties are allowed for use:
Viscosity grade: SAE 15W-30; SAE 15W-40; SAE 10W-30; SAE 10W-40; SAE 5W-30; SAE 5W-40 - and operational properties - БЗ or БЗ / Д1 according to STO AAI 003–98 and SF or SF / CC, SG- or SG / CD according to API.
Gasolines used in the car
Table 3
When using duplicate gasoline, an increase in the ignition timing by 4 "along the crankshaft is required.
8.12. Items that are replaceable on the car during its maintenance
8.12.1. GAZ-3309 car
When servicing the car, the following items must be replaced:
1. Non-removable fine fuel filter.
Filter designation - FT020-1117010.
Service of the fine fuel filter consists in periodically draining the sludge.
To drain the sludge, unscrew the filter plug and drain the sludge until clean fuel appears, then screw the plug.
To remove air, you must:
- unscrew the plug 3 (Fig. 8.9) on the body fuel pump and unscrew the fitting 1 on the fine fuel filter by 1-2 turns;
- bleed the system using the booster pump 2, when fuel appears, first screw on the union 1, then the plug 3.
Rice. 8.9. Removing air from the fuel supply system:
1 - fitting; 2 - booster pump; 3 - cork
2. Filter element of the air filter.
The element designation is 4301-1109013-10, 4301.1109013-20, GB-502 or EF-43K.
3. Non-separable oil filter.
The filter designation is FM009-1012005 or M5101.
When installing the filter on the casing, lubricate the rubber gasket with engine oil and screw the filter onto the housing.
After the gasket touches the housing, turn the filter another ¾ turn. Install the filter by hand only.
Instead of the FM009-1012005 or M5101 filter, it is allowed to install replacement filters X149 from ACDelco (France) and L37198 from Purolator, Italy) with the main dimensions:
- in diameter - 92–96 mm;
- in height - 140–153 mm;
- on the landing thread ¾ -16UNF.
4. Filter element SHNKF 453473 of the power steering tank. When installing the non-separable tank YMZ.993.003 of the power steering system, the tank is replaced as an assembly.
5. Fuel pre-filter.
The designation of the filter is PRELINE 270. Maintenance of the fuel pre-cleaning filter consists in periodically draining sediment water and particles from the sump.
To drain the sludge, unscrew the cap of the water collector and drain the sludge until clean fuel appears, then screw the plug.
If dirty, replace the PRELINE 270 filter cartridge with a new one.
8.12.2. GAZ-3307 car
1. Non-removable fine fuel filter.
The filter designation is 2108-1117010-03.
When installing the filter, make sure that the arrow on the filter housing coincides with the direction of fuel flow. The filter does not require maintenance.
2. Filter element of the air filter.
The designations of the filter element are as follows: 3102-1109013-02, -03, -04, -05, -06, -08, -09, -10, 31029-1109013, 31029-1109013-01, -02, -03 or 18.35. 04 / 20.00.00 or
B 4202 or GB-99.
3. The oil filter (Fig. 8.10) is full-flow, with a replaceable filtering element "Regotmas 440A-1–06" or "Regotmas 440A-1–05".
The filter element must be replaced every time the engine oil is changed. This requires:
Unscrew the filter by hand at its top. In case of jamming, it is allowed to unscrew the filter with a 30 mm wrench at the hexagon on the upper part of the housing 1;
Rice. 8.10. Oil filter:
1-filter housing (upper part); 2-spring; 3-support washer; 4-o-ring; 5-ring of rigidity; 6- filter element; 7-tube filter housing; 8-plug of the bypass valve; 9-bypass valve gasket; 10-filter housing gasket; 11-ball bypass valve; 12-rod oil filter; 13-gasket of the filter element; 14-filter housing (lower part); 15-filter gasket; 16-spacer filter; 17-washer; 18-connecting nut; 19-spacer gasket; 20-connecting nipple; 21-seal gasket; 22-o-ring
- take measures to prevent oil from getting on the engine;
- protect the oil cavity of the spacer 16 from possible contamination by covering it from above with a clean cloth;
- carefully unscrew the nut 18 on the connecting oil supply rod 12, drain the oil from the filter housing;
- disconnect sections 1 and 14 and replace filter element 5.
- check the presence and correct installation of seal parts 2, 3, 4, 5, 10, 13 and washer 11 according to Fig. 8.10, connect the sections and secure with nut 18.
It is necessary to monitor the condition of the upper rubber sealing ring 4 and replace it if it loses elasticity and deformation.
Otherwise, unfiltered oil will flow to the crankshaft bearings.
- lubricate the gasket 15 with engine oil, put the filter on the engine, wrap it up by hand until the gasket / 5 starts to compress and turn it 0.5–1 turn;
- start the engine. If there are oil leaks when the engine is running at increased speed, turn the filter by hand for a few minutes. Wrench tightening is not permitted.
A warning.
- Do not loosen or tighten the nipple nuts of the full flow filter tubes together with the adapter nipple. In this case, it is necessary to pre-fix the latter with a key.
- The filter element in operation must be replaced immediately when the characteristic whistle from the activated bypass valve and the spacer 16 appears when the engine is running.
- It is forbidden to use filtering elements of KAMAZ vehicles, because due to their greater height (by 10 mm), they rest against the upper part of the filter housing and do not allow oil to pass through.
| Automobile model | GAZ-3309 (with D-245.7 EZ engine) | GAZ-3307 (with ZMZ-5231 engine) |
|
| Vehicle type | Two-axle, cargo, with a drive to the rear axle | ||
| Carrying capacity, kg | |||
| - with platform without awning | 4500 | ||
| - with platform and awning | 4350 | ||
| Gross vehicle weight, kg | 8180 | 7850 | |
| Vehicle curb weight, kg: | |||
| - with platform without awning | 3530 | 3200 | |
| - with platform and awning | 3680 | 3350 | |
| Overall dimensions, mm: | |||
| - length | 6436 | 6330 | |
| - width (mirrors) | 2700 | ||
| - height (in the cabin without load) | 2350 | ||
| - height (on the awning without load) | 2905 | ||
| Base, mm | 3770 | ||
| Front wheel track, mm | 1630 | ||
| Rear wheel track (between the middle of double slopes), mm | 1690 | ||
| Vehicle ground clearance with full load, mm | 265 | ||
| Turning radius of the vehicle along the axis of the track of the front outer wheel, m | 8 | ||
| The highest speed with full load, without a trailer, on horizontal sections of a flat highway, km / h | 95 | 90 | |
| Fuel consumption * when driving at a constant speed, l / 100 km | |||
| - 60 km / h | 14,5 | 19,6 | |
| - 80 km / h | 19,3 | 26,4 | |
| Overhang angle (with full load), city .: | |||
| - front | 38 | ||
| - rear | 25 | ||
| The greatest angle of ascent overcome by the car with full load,% (deg.) | 25 (14) | ||
| Loading platform height, mm | 1365 | ||
* The indicated fuel consumption is not a standard, but only serves to determine the technical condition of the vehicle.
4.2. Engine and its systems
| Model | D-245.7 y3 | ZMZ-5231 |
| Type of | Diesel, 4-stroke, turbocharged, charge air cooled, liquid cooled | Gasoline, 4-stroke, carburetor, liquid cooling |
| Number and arrangement of cylinders | 4, vertical in a row | 8, V-shaped |
| The order of work of the cylinders | 1–3–4–2 | 1–5–4–2–6–3–7–8 |
| Direction of rotation of the crankshaft | Right | |
| Cylinder diameter and piston stroke, mm | 110 × 125 | 92 × 88 |
| Working volume, l | 4,75 | 4,67 |
| Compression ratio | 17 | 7,6 |
| Rated power net, kW (hp), not less | ||
| at a crankshaft speed of 2400 min -1 | 87,5 (119) | - |
| at a crankshaft rotation speed of 3200 min -1 | - | 83 (113) |
| Maximum net torque, N × m (kgf × m) | ||
| at a crankshaft speed of 1300-1600 min -1 | 413 (42) | - |
| at a crankshaft speed of 2000-2500 min -1 | - | 294,3 (30) |
| Minimum stable speed of the crankshaft at idle, min -1 | 800 | 600 |
| Ventilation system | Closed | |
| High pressure fuel pump (TNVD) | SRZ (CRS-Bosch) or in-line 4-plunger 833.1111005.01 (YAZDA) with a booster pump | - |
| Fuel priming pump | Plunger type for manual (with "833" injection pump) * and automatic fuel priming | |
* For engines of high-pressure fuel pump SRZ.Z, a filter with a built-in manual pump is used.
| Injectors | B 445 121 481 (CRS-Bosch), 455.1112010-73 (YAZDA) (force.), 355-1112110-121 (YAZDA) (schedule) or 455.1112010-74 (YAZDA) (force.), DLLA 140P- (Bosch) (schedule). Injection start pressure: SRZ.Z - variable, programmed in the electronic control unit 833.1111005.01 - 27.0 +1.2 MPa |
|
| Carburetor | - | K-135MU, two-chamber, balanced, with a falling flow |
| Speed limiter | - | Pneumatic centrifugal type |
| Heating the working mixture | - | Liquid |
| Fuel filters: | ||
| - rough cleaning | Sump filter * with mesh filter element | Sump filter with slotted filter element |
| - fine cleaning | With replaceable paper filter element | |
| Air filter | Dry type, with paper replaceable filtering adamant, signaling device for maximum clogging | Dry type, with a paper cartridge |
| Lubrication system | Combined; under pressure and spray | |
| Oil radiator | Built into the engine | Sub-threaded, disconnectable |
| Oil filter | Non-separable with paper filter element | Full-flow, with replaceable filter element |
| Cooling system | Liquid, closed, with forced circulation of coolant, with expansion tank | |
* For engines with high pressure fuel pump SRZ.Z, the PRELINE 270 filter with a built-in manual priming pump is used.
| Anti-toxic systems: | With vacuum control from the carburetor through a thermal vacuum switch | |
| - exhaust gas recirculation system | With control from the electronic unit (for engines with fuel injection pump YAZDA "833") | |
| - oil sump ventilation system | Closed | Closed with forced suction of crankcase gases |
| Pressurization system | Gas turbine, with one pipe compressor C14-179-01 or TKP 6.1., With a radial centripetal turbine, centrifugal compressor and air cooler for charge air of the tube-plate type | |
| Glow plugs | 11720720 f. AET, Slovenia or SN-07-23 Ufa | - |
4.3. Transmission
| Automobile model | GAZ-3309 | GAZ-3307 |
| Clutch | Single disc, dry, frictional, with a torsional vibration damper on the driven disc. Clutch drive - hydraulic | |
| With diaphragm pressure spring | With peripheral pressure springs | |
| Transmission | Mechanical, 5-speed, constant mesh, fully synchronized | |
| - gear ratios | ||
| I transfer | 6,55 | |
| 2nd gear | 3,933 | |
| III gear | 2,376 | |
| IV transfer | 1,442 | |
| V gear | 1,000 | |
| Reverse | 5,735 | |
| Cardan transmission | Two open shafts with intermediate bearings, three cardan joints on needle bearings | |
| Main gear | Conical, hypoid type | |
| - ratio | 4,556 | 6,17 |
| Differential | Conical, gear | |
| Half-shafts | Fully unloaded | |
4.4. Chassis
4.5. Steering
4.6. Brake control
4.7. Electrical equipment
| Automobile model | GAZ-3309 | GAZ-3307 |
| Wiring system | Single wire, negative leads are connected to the vehicle body | |
| Rated voltage in the network, V | 24 | 12 |
| Generator | Alternating current, with built-in voltage regulator and rectifier unit, with "Winter-Summer" adjustment | AC, with built-in rectifier unit |
| - brand | 51.3701-01 or GG273V1-3 | G287 |
| Voltage regulator | - | 2702.3702 (with three levels "Winter-Summer-Norm") |
| Accumulator battery | Four (6ST-55A or 6ST-55AZ) | One (6ST-75) or two (6ST-55A3 or 6ST-77AZ) |
| Starter | 7402.3708 or AZJ / 3381 "Iskra" | ST230-A1 |
| Glow plugs | 11720720 | - |
| Headlights | 62.3711–19 | 62.3711–18 |
| Direction indicators | 511.3726–10 | 51.3726–10 |
| Front lights | PF130AB-01 | PF130A-01 |
| Front side lights | 264.3712 | 265.3712 |
| Taillights | 355.3716-left | 357.3716-left |
| 354.3716-right | 356.3716-right | |
| Rear side lights | 441.3712 | 44.3712 |
| Rear fog lamp | 2462.3716 | 2452.3716 |
| Side marker lamp | 4802.3731–03 | 4802.3731–02 |
| Reversing light | FP135-3716-G or 2112.3711-02 | FP135-3716-B or 2102.3711-02 |
| Electromechanical headlight range control | EMKF04-01 | EMKF04 |
| Instrument and starter switch | 1902.3704000 or | 2101–3704000–11 |
| Wiper | 711.5205100 | 20.5205 or 71.5205 |
| Windscreen washer | 123.5208000 | 122.5208000 |
| The engine control unit | - | MIKAS 11V8 |
| Absolute pressure sensor | - | 45.3829 or LGFI.406231.004 |
| Relay | - | 85.3747 or 90.3747-10 or 113.3747010-10 |
| Oxygen sensor | - | 25.368889 |
| Engine control unit (Bosch control system) | 0281B04121 | |
4.8. Cab and platform
4.9. Basic data for regulation and control
| Automobile model | GAZ-3309 | GAZ-3307 | |
| Clearances between valve stems and rocker arms on a cold engine, mm | |||
| - intake | 0,25 +0,05 -0,10 | 0,20-0,30 (0,15–0,20)* | |
| - graduation | 0,45 +0,05 -0,10 | 0,20-0,30 (0,15–0,20)* | |
| Oil pressure ** (at oil temperature 80-85 ° С), KPa (kgf / cm 2): | |||
| - at a nominal crankshaft speed of 2400 min -1; | 250–350 (2,5–3,5) | ||
| - when driving in direct gear at a speed of 60 km / h; | - | 250–350 (2,11 8,6) | |
| - at minimum idle speed | 80 (0,8) | 90 (0,9) | |
| Optimum fluid temperature in the engine cooling system, ° С | 80–90 | ||
| Minimum crankshaft speed at idle, min -1 | 800 | 600 | |
| The gap between the electrodes of the candles, mm | - | 0,85–1,0 | |
| Generator rated voltage, V | 28 | 14 | |
| Deflection of the fan and generator drive belts when pressed with a force of 4 daN (4 kgf), mm | 12–17 | 10–15 | |
| Free travel of the clutch pedal, mm | yo-zo | 40–55 | |
| Full travel of the clutch pedal, mm | 190–200 | ||
| Free travel of the brake pedal, mm | 3–13 | ||
* Allowed for the extreme valves of both rows (intake 1 and 8, exhaust 4 and 5 cylinders).
** For control purposes, it cannot be adjusted.
The GAZ-3309 car was first released from the assembly line in 1994. The first models of a medium-duty truck were equipped with 4-cylinder engines, turbocharging and a capacity of 116 hp. with. A few years later, GAZ-3309 began to be produced with another, equipped with 6 cylinders.
Classic Gas 3309 with Diesel Engine
Trucks, especially GAZ 3309 diesel, are popular among Russian motorists. These vehicles are made for use on paved roads. The quality of such vehicles corresponds pricing policy.
GAZ 3309 was released in 1994 to replace the uneconomical one. The result was great. The diesel engine has become much more economical in use (reduced fuel consumption).
And for several decades now, a GAZ 3309 diesel truck has been testing its capabilities on the vastness of our highways. During this entire period, several stages of its modernization took place, changes affected the chassis, power plant and cab.
External view of onboard Gas 3309
The presented dump truck belongs to the class of medium-duty trucks. Technical features GAZ 3309 allows the production of various special equipment based on this car (due to a possible increase in the chassis), namely:
- tanks;
- dump trucks;
- aerial platform;
- garbage trucks;
- refrigeration and heating installations.
Since 2001, GAZ began to be equipped with a new Minsk engine - diesel MMZ-245.7.
Diesel engine MMZ-245.7
Since 2006, the power unit meets Euro-2 standards, and since 2008 - Euro-3. A power unit 5441 with 4 cylinders arranged in a row is installed on a 1994 car.
The diesel works in 4 strokes and is equipped with a turbocharger. For power unit The year 2008 is characterized by the presence of a charge air cooler.
It is designed for 2 people, and the carrying capacity of the vehicle is 4.5 tons. The set may include an awning. The considered rear-wheel drive truck is equipped with 5 manual transmissions. Brake system the vehicle is presented in the form of 2 circuits and a hydraulic drive.
Gearbox for GAZ 3309 truck
Each circuit is equipped with a hydraulic vacuum amplifier. The wheels are equipped with drum brakes. The GAZ-3309 has high technical characteristics, which allows it to be operated in any conditions. The car is equipped with springs. There are shock absorbers on the front axle. If necessary, you can increase the length of the base up to 6 m, which allows you to install a van of different sizes on a truck. New and used GAZ vehicles have the following problem areas:
- strong vibration from the power unit;
- the GAZ cab is equipped with fenders, which are often corroded.
General characteristics
The machine is equipped with a biaxial scheme and has rear drive... equipped with a body with three drop sides, which provides the ability, if necessary, to use a canopy and retrofit high sides. 
When transporting goods, it is recommended not to overload a machine weighing more than 4.5 tons, because full mass the vehicle is 8.1 tons.
The dump truck has the primary dimensions:
- length 6435 mm;
- width 2380 mm;
- height 2350 mm.
The top speed of the car reaches 95 km / h.
GAZ 3309 trucks can be equipped with power plants in the following versions:
- ММ3 version D-245 (U-1) or D-245 (U-2);
- Cummins ISF3.8 series s3154.
Technical properties of the MMZD-245 diesel engine for the GAZ 3309
The diesel engine of this machine is represented by a 4-cylinder in-line scheme with direct fuel injection, which is ignited by compression. Compression is 17.0 units. for the EURO-1 version and 15.1 for the EURO-2.
MMZD-245 engine for GAZ 3309 truck
The engine includes the following components:
- cylinder block;
- cylinder head;
- pistons;
- connecting rods;
- crankshaft;
- flywheel.
Cummins ISF3.8 s3154 engines are turbocharged, have a volume of 3.76 liters and 17.2 units. compression.
The best technical and economic features were achieved by using a turbine with intercooled air in the intake system. Due to the presence of a pre-heater, starting the engine at subzero temperatures does not cause problems. Thanks to all of the above features this car appreciated by drivers and car enthusiasts for the reliability and economy of these units.
Specifications
Diesel 3309 can be of several types depending on the type of body: chassis, flatbed cargo platform, all-metal body, trailer with body.
New product "Dobrynya"
The new one is a modification of the 3309 model. The Dobrynya truck, whose carrying capacity is of average value, is in great demand for the transportation of various goods. Price for supported models 2006-2008 the issue ranges from 400-600 thousand rubles.
It looks like a truck Dobrynya GAZ 3309
The manufacturer has developed a new GAZ cab, in which a sleeping bag is provided. Metal is used for its manufacture. The sleeping bag is sheathed on 4 sides with sheet steel. Inside, the bed is finished with fiberboard and foam. The latter material gives the sleeping place warmth and soundproofing. In this compartment of the cab there are 2 fold-down shelves, under which there is a luggage compartment.
For external treatment of the sleeping bag, the manufacturer uses thermal powder paint. This treatment protects the cab from corrosion. Sleeping bag length - 2.15 m. A van can be installed if necessary. The difference between the new cab and the old one:
The new cab is made of fiberglass, which increases the durability of the structure. The cab doors remained unchanged. A new plastic bumper is installed at the front of the body. The structure is fixed with a rigid frame. A spoiler installed on the cab roof saves money by improving the vehicle's dynamic performance.
If necessary, a 5.2 m long van can be installed on a new truck. The carrying capacity of such a model increases several times, and the volume value reaches 26 m³. The van can have a manufactured goods or isothermal purpose.
Technical equipment
The carrying capacity of the Dobrynya vehicle does not exceed 4 tons. Experts refer to the main technical characteristics of this truck:
- rear drive;
- diesel engine (D-245) with a turbine;
- engine power 125 hp sec., and the working volume is 4.75 liters.
The power unit complies with the Euro-4 ecology class. An in-line arrangement of four cylinders is observed. The diesel engine has the following additional characteristics:
- compression ratio - 17.0;
- maximum torque value - 42.5 kgf (1100-2100 rpm);
- weight - 430 kg;
- liquid cooling.
If the truck is equipped with a van, then its frame, unlike the model with a cab and a sleeping bag, is lengthened by 0.8 m. The insulated van is trimmed with galvanized sheets inside.
Technical characteristics of the truck Dobrynya GAZ 3309
In the body of the vehicle there is a plafond of illumination. The cockpit of this Dobrynya model has 2 seats - a driver's and a passenger's. The driver's seat is equipped with a link suspension, which dampens vibrations when the vehicle is moving. There is a hatch on the roof of the cabin, and a shelf for storing things inside the structure. New GAZelle is equipped with anti-lock braking system brakes, a volumetric tank.
Pros of new items
The manufacturer of the "Chaika-Service" model has developed a new generation truck. "Dobrynya" has an original appearance and new technical capabilities, which made it possible to bring the GAZelle to a high level. The updated GAZ-309 has the following advantages:
Common features
GAZ-3309 and the novelty "Dobrynya" consume an average of 14-16 liters. with. when driving at a speed of 60 km / h. This indicator depends on the following factors:
- type of power unit;
- the quality of the fuel used;
- loading the truck;
- speed of movement;
- weather conditions;
- the condition of the road surface.
The fuel consumption value depends on the equipment of the engine. The power reserve is not more than 750 km. With an increase in speed by 20 km / h, the consumption increases by 4-6 liters. Some GAZelle owners believe that the fuel consumption values declared by the manufacturer differ from the actual fuel consumption. But the drivers themselves are to blame for this. The manufacturer explains it this way: the operation of the power unit depends on the quality of the diesel fuel used. 
Driving style has a significant impact on this indicator. Often old and new machines are operated at maximum utilization. The above factors contribute to the rapid wear of many mechanisms, which degrades the performance of the power unit. This increases fuel consumption. Experts attribute the possibility of self-tuning to the advantages of the old and new models.
