Installation of a heater on a UAZ. Description and installation of the Alliance heater on a VAZ car. Purpose and main differences

ATTENTION! Installation of electric heater Siberia for UAZ vehicles with carburetor engine UMP 414,417,421 is recommended to be carried out by specialists at a service station.

Before starting the installation and operation of the electric heater Siberia, carefully read the installation manual.

Electric heater delivery set:

Note: if necessary, the company can, according to your order, manufacture and send parts required for installation..

Picture 1

Attention! The electric heater must not touch the engine or other parts of the vehicle. The electric heater must be installed in a vertical position with the outlet pipe upward ( see fig. 1), while a slight (not> 15 degrees) tilt is allowed.

1. Drain the coolant by unscrewing the drain plug cylinder block, clean the hole.
2. Apply sealant to the thread of the K1 / 4 fitting and screw it in instead of the drain cock ( Fig. 1).
3. Fasten the bracket to the electric heater with M6 * 45 bolts using spring washers and nuts.
4. Cut the sleeves into lengths: input L = 400 mm and output L = 600 mm.
5. Unscrew the bolt securing the right engine support cushion, then fix the bracket with the heater with this bolt ( Fig. 1).
6. Put the inlet hose on the K1 / 4 fitting and connect it to the heater inlet. Tighten the clamps ( Fig. 1).
7. Cut the sleeve connecting the heater radiator pipe and the valve in the cylinder head at a distance of 60 mm from the point where the sleeve exits the hole in the body. Shorten the hose piece on the tap side by 25mm. Insert a tee into the cut of the sleeve and seal the connections by tightening the clamps ( Fig. 1).
8. Connect the tee and the outlet of the electric heater with the outlet hose, tighten the clamps ( Fig. 1).
9. Make sure the hoses run a sufficient distance from the outlet pipe and outlet manifold.
10. Fill the engine cooling system with coolant.
11. Fix the electrical cord on the car body so that there is no contact with moving and heating parts of the engine.

Preparation for work

1. Check the connection for leaks.
2. Start the car engine and let it run for 5-10 minutes. Then stop the engine and add coolant if necessary.
3. Connect the electric heater to the mains.
4. After 2-5 minutes of operation of the electric heater, check the inlet and outlet hoses. The outlet sleeve should be warmer than the inlet

ATTENTION ! The electric heater can only be operated after the engine has warmed up to operating temperature (the thermostat must be open) and the efficiency of the interior heater has been checked. This must be done to eliminate air pockets in the cooling system.

Task: install a homemade 220V engine preheater on the UAZ 31512

The progress of the installation of the homemade preheating tel 220V for UAZ 31512

Installed on the frame below the coolant drain valve from the block. As if on purpose, I had some kind of bracket on the frame. He pulled it to him with a clamp.

View from the side of the cooling radiator

Instead of this, the tap screwed in a K1 / 4 threaded fitting - this is a cold coolant intake.

At first I planned to bring the supply of heated coolant to the block, there over oil filter there is a plug for the K1 / 2 connection ...

It should have turned out something like this

... but I could not unscrew it and had to connect it through a tee to the hose that goes from the head of the block to the radiator of the stove.

Filled the drained antifreeze + about a liter more. Started up, drove the system from air congestion.
In the morning, after a night frost, I turned on the heating. after 2-3 minutes, the hose from the heater is already warm. After half an hour, the block head warmed up. in 40 minutes already the block itself.
Now the engine starts half a turn, as in summer, and does not triple for the first 5 seconds, as before.

Heater operation diagram

Heater operation diagram. Styrena from the Internet

Added 02.02.2015

I am posting a small report on the work.
The temperature after spending the night is -4.7 degrees. It was possible not to warm up, but the device was at hand and decided to take a measurement.

We turn on the heater and after 20 minutes the block head warmed up to +12.2 degrees

Rating 0.00

Electric pre-heater AUTO + SPUTNIK for UAZ models with UMP engine 1.5 kW is designed for preheating of engine coolant internal combustion Vehicle and units in the cold season.

Specifications:

Supply voltage, V 220
Power consumption, W, no more than 1500
Temperature control thermostat (shutdown), 95 ° C
Thermostat return temperature (switching on), 65 ° С
Electric shock protection class I
IP34 moisture protection
Installation and operation:

Installation:

The electric heater must not touch the engine housing or other parts of the vehicle.

The electric heater must be installed in a vertical position with the outlet pipe upward, with a slight tilt (no more than 15 °).

Cut the sleeve into lengths: inlet hose 400 mm, outlet 230 mm. Fasten the bracket to the heater with studs using washers and nuts. Put the sleeves on the corresponding pipes of the heater and fasten the connections with clamps.
Open the drain cock and drain off the coolant. Unscrew the drain cock. Unscrew plug with K1 / 2 thread from the engine block on the right side in the direction of the vehicle. Clean the holes. Unscrew the bolt securing the engine foot on the right side in the direction of the vehicle.
Apply sealant to the thread of the K1 / 4 fitting and screw it in instead of the drain cock.
Apply sealant to the thread of the K1 / 2 union and screw it in instead of the plug.
Fix the bracket with the heater with the engine foot bolt.
Place the clamp on the outlet sleeve. Put the outlet hose on the K1 / 2 union and secure the connection with a clamp. Pour 250 ml of coolant through the inlet into the heater. Put the inlet hose onto the K1 / 4 threaded fitting and secure the connection with a clamp. Refill the cooling system.
The power cable should be laid and secured with straps to ensure its safety from mechanical damage, as well as to exclude possible contact with moving and heating parts of the engine.
Check connections for coolant leaks, repair if any. Start the engine for 3-5 minutes, and after stopping the engine, add coolant to the required level.
Preparing for the first launch:

Fill the cooling system, check the connections for leaks.
Start the car engine and let it run for 5-10 minutes. Then stop the engine and add coolant if necessary.
Connect the electric heater to the mains.
After 2-5 minutes of operation of the electric heater, check the inlet and outlet hoses. The outlet sleeve should be warmer than the inlet sleeve.
Precautionary measures:

The heater can only be operated after the engine has warmed up to operating temperature (the thermostat must be open) and the efficiency of the interior heater has been checked. This must be done to eliminate air pockets in the cooling system.
Do not use extension cords without a grounding conductor and rated for less than 15 A.
It is forbidden to turn on the electric heater with the cover removed.
It is forbidden to use the heater if there is no coolant in it.

Even in the warm season, do not forget about the upcoming operation of the car in winter. In a harsh season, the installation of a 220V engine heater will become reliable and in a simple way prepare the vehicle for a cold start.

Purpose and main differences

The starting engine heater is designed to maintain the required coolant temperature at a certain level. For example, a temperature of 40 ° C will provide the necessary conditions in the cylinder for a quick start of the engine, regardless of external conditions.

Structurally, the electric heater represents an affordable design in comparison with devices for independent engine start. A conventional pre-heater with an "electro" attachment is a heating element with supply wires located in the engine body.
Among the advantages of such a device stand out:

1. Simple construction which will allow the installation on their own.
2. Low cost, which is due to the design features.
3. Possibility of later upgrade... If necessary for passenger cars mobiles, you can add a timer, safety sensor and other optional devices.

Before proceeding with the installation of an engine heater from a stationary 220V network, get acquainted with design features... The design is based on a tungsten heating coil located in the cylinder block. Depending on the power, a small amount of antifreeze can be heated up relatively quickly.

The main disadvantage is high consumption energy. In just one night individual models consume up to 10 kW of electricity. That is why progressive samples are equipped with sensors for periodically disconnecting the device from the network.

It should be noted that the type of motor does not affect the performance of the device. Is there a petrol or diesel engine on UAZ, the device is installed in the same way. Here, the difference is not nearly as great as the matching of tire and rim sizes for SUVs. With a certain skill and compliance with safety measures, it is not difficult to assemble an engine preheater with your own hands. To avoid unsuccessful experiments, consider an example of an original 220V car heater.

An example of a homemade heater

The operating principle of the heater is based on the free circulation of the coolant in a closed circuit of the cooling system. The device for heating the liquid is built in parallel to the radiators. Accelerated fluid circulation will be provided by an additional pump, where the natural speed of fluid movement will not be sufficient.

In order to make an electric engine heater on your own, you will need:

1. A piece of pipe. At one end, you will need a hole for installing a heating element. At different ends of the pipe, holes are prepared for installing fittings.
2. Electric heating element... The power is selected taking into account the size of the engine and the capacity of the lubrication system - from 400W to 2kW.
3. Two fittings taking into account the diameters of the cooling system pipes.
4. A piece of cable and a plug to connect the heating element to the 220V network.

The assembled structure requires an inclined installation. This will allow the antifreeze to move. Additionally, before installing the heater, ensure its thermal insulation.

Examples of industrial devices

Serial production of 220V engine heaters has been established both for domestic models and for installation on any car. For installation on a VAZ model, preheaters of the following models are suitable:

1. The "Homeless" device... The model is designed for installation on a car of the Volzhsky Automobile Plant, taking into account the size of the pipes. The cost does not exceed 1.3 thousand rubles.
2. Product "Start mini"... It has a simple design with the creation of a natural thermosyphon circulation in the circuit. The cost is about 1,000 rubles. Has several modifications for installation on different motors.
3. Models of Start type - M1 / ​​M2, Siberia-M will also provide engine heating for domestic models. Price range from 1000 to 1800 rubles.

Among the new generation models, the Severs-M heaters are distinguished, which are equipped with an emergency switch and are adapted to some popular models of foreign manufacturers.

If you need to choose a 220V engine preheater, you should pay attention to the products of the Hotstart company from the USA. Here you will be able to find models of the most varying degrees of complexity:

1. TPS line. It has a wide range of vertical models, depending on the diameter of the nozzle at the thermostat, or are available with a built-in thermostat. They are distinguished by their compactness and maintainability.
2. Line of devices type CB, SB, CL, WL, EE... Differs in horizontal layout, power from 1.5 to 5 kW, and is designed for installation with motors from 2.0 liters to 10.0 liters.
3. HOTflow model. If you need to install an efficient heater with a pump, you should pay attention to the devices of this group. The power of the samples is in the range from 1 to 144 kW.

Recently, the installation preheater engine became possible with models Chinese manufacturers... Moreover, such products are often equipped with special sockets. Whoever installed budget models knows that the main inconvenience of 220V heaters is the need to open the hood with each connection. That is why the choice is often made in favor of an autonomous heater. Therefore, a remote socket is a significant advantage of some models.

Installation procedure for a 220 V heater

The most simple solution to install the heater is to contact a service station. In this case, the cost of work will not exceed 1.5 thousand rubles. However, in practice self-installation is no more difficult than starting a two-stroke engine.

V general view the algorithm of work for installing engine heating for passenger cars looks like this:

1. Draining antifreeze. The entire volume does not need to be removed - about 2 liters are drained and collected in a separate container.
2. Detachable flexible pipes at the installation site.
3. Heater is installed with connection to a closed circuit, observing design features.
4. Final assembly. The stage provides for reliable fixation of branch pipes, power supply sockets.
5. Topping up the coolant level.

At the final stage, it is necessary to check not only the operability of the device, but also the normal functioning of the cooling system as a whole. After that, be sure that the car is ready for winter use.

On all UAZ-3151 cars and on some UAZ-31512, UAZ-31514, UAZ-31519 and UAZ-31513 cars, a starting heater was installed, designed to facilitate engine start at ambient temperatures below minus 15 degrees by heating the coolant in and oil in the crankcase. The fuel for the starting heater was the gasoline used for the engine.

Starting heater UAZ-3151, general device.

The main part of the heater is a non-collapsible boiler, the cavities of which are permanently connected to the engine cooling system by means of inlet and outlet fittings and rubber hoses with clamps. The boiler liquid jackets are surrounded by two gas ducts, through which the gas formed during the combustion of the air-fuel mixture passes, heating the coolant.

In the lower part of the boiler there is a drain cock and a drain pipe connected to the boiler combustion chamber. There are two threaded holes in the combustion chamber of the boiler, into one of which the glow plug is screwed in, and into the other - the fuel pipe union. To fill in the coolant, the heater has a funnel with a plug connected to the boiler liquid jacket with a rubber hose.

Air enters the boiler combustion chamber from the fan through a hose. A nozzle with a hinged extension is connected to the boiler outlet. The hot gas is removed through it from the gas ducts and, with the help of a tray, is supplied to the engine oil crankcase.

Diagram of shielded electrical equipment of cars Uaz-3151 and Uaz-31513 with inclusion electrical circuit starting heater.

Fuel is supplied to the boiler of the starting heater by gravity from the float chamber through a cock with an adjusting needle. In earlier versions of the heater, it was equipped with its own separate fuel tank. To supply air to the heater, a fan with a single-speed electric drive is installed on the radiator lining shield.

Fuel is pumped into the carburetor by an electric petrol pump installed on the left front of the engine. The electric petrol pump is connected in parallel to the main pump and is designed for short-term operation, therefore, after starting the engine, it must be turned off.

Since the electric fan of the pre-heater has one speed, it is initially recommended to turn it on intermittently with a period of 1-2 seconds when firing up the boiler, not allowing it to develop at a high speed, so as not to overcool the glow plug and extinguish the resulting flame. When stable combustion appears, which is determined by noise, the fan must be turned on constantly.

Ignition of the air-fuel mixture is carried out by a glow plug, which remains on until a stable combustion process in the boiler is obtained. Further ignition of the mixture occurs from the heated parts of the combustion chamber.

Hot gases give off part of the heat of the heated liquid, providing its thermosyphon circulation in a circle: boiler - outlet pipeline - jacket of the engine cooling system - supply pipeline - boiler. The exhaust gases from the boiler heat up the oil in the crankcase.

The heater is controlled from the control panel. The glow plug on the dashboard serves to reduce the voltage in the glow plug circuit to 4 Volts and to visually check its activation.

The order of starting the starting heater UAZ-3151.

If water is used as the coolant.

In exceptional cases, water is allowed as a coolant for the UAZ-3151 engine. In conditions of low ambient temperatures, after the end of the daytime operation of the car, when it is parked for a long time, water is drained from the engine cooling system. In this case, before starting the starting heater, you must first prepare 10 liters of clean water in one container and separately another 3 liters in another.

Before starting work with the starting heater, unscrew the plug from its filler funnel and remove the radiator cap, then clean the drain tube hole to drain excess gasoline at the time of starting the heater.

After that, fold the extension of the outlet nozzle to the operating position and turn on the electric petrol pump with the switch on the control panel, pumping fuel into the carburetor. Turn on the fan motor for 10-20 seconds, during which the combustion chamber and heater gas ducts will be purged with air. Switch off the blower motor and switch on the glow plug.

Hold the switch lever for 15-20 seconds in the on position until the candle is glowing. The glow of the candle is determined by the glow of the control coil on the heater control panel. Open the fuel supply cock for 1-1.5 turns and after 3-5 seconds turn on the fan.

As soon as the first pop-flash is heard in the combustion chamber, turn on the fan constantly. In this case, an even hum of fuel combustion in the boiler should be heard. If the starting heater does not work, then stop the fuel supply, blow through the combustion chamber and boiler gas ducts and start over again.

After the starting heater starts to work steadily, turn off the glow plug, adjust the fuel supply in such a way that there is no flame ejection, and immediately pour 3 liters of water through the filling funnel of the heater boiler. When the coolant in the engine is hot, turn several times crankshaft engine starting handle, then start the engine as usual and fill the cooling system with water to normal.

After that, turn off the electric petrol pump, close the fuel supply valve to the boiler and, after the fuel stops burning, turn off the fan motor. Failure to comply with the specified order for turning off the heater may result in a backfire and burning of the air supply hose.

Return the extension of the outlet nozzle to the stowed position and start moving the car after the fluid in the engine cooling system warms up to a temperature of 60-70 degrees according to the temperature on the instrument panel.

If a low-freezing liquid is used as the coolant.

The procedure for starting the starting heater remains the same, except that it will no longer be necessary to prepare water and fill the engine cooling system with liquid after starting and the start of stable operation of the heater.

Possible malfunctions of the UAZ-3151 starting heater.

If the starting heater does not start at all, then the glow plug or the control glow plug may be faulty; its glow is not visible in the slot. Or the battery voltage is insufficient. If, during the start and operation of the starting heater, the flame breaks out or the combustion dies out, then the opening of the fuel cock should be slightly increased.

Maintenance and care of the UAZ-3151 starting heater.

Care during daily operation consists in monitoring the tightness of pipelines, hoses, taps and their connections, inspecting and pulling the fasteners of the starting heater, cleaning the glow plug from carbon deposits.

When preparing for the period of operation, it is necessary to clean the boiler of the starting heater from dirt, rinse its liquid jackets, clean the drain pipe, blow out the gas ducts with compressed air, clean the threads of the boiler filler funnel plug, the nozzle with the extension and the tray from the dirt. When switching to summer mode of operation, unscrew the plug filler neck boiler heater and lubricate it.