So, since I constantly forget to turn on, and even worse - turn off the low beam, I decided to try to automate this process. The usual relays sold in the store did not suit me with the fact that the light either turns on immediately after turning on the ignition / starting the internal combustion engine, or after reaching a certain voltage, and the voltage, as you know, is a fickle thing.
Therefore, the relay used a standard five-pin, because I did not find a four-contact normally closed one. To terminal "30" of the relay, we connect a wire connected to the red paired wire from the ignition lock chip, which turns on the starter retractor relay. To the conclusion "86" we catch the wire from the generator bulb chip. Conclusion "85" - mass. We connect the green wire from the button for turning on the outdoor lighting to the "87a" terminal. We do not connect anything to pin 87.
Principle of operation:
The ignition is off - there is no voltage on the relay and the headlights are off.
The ignition is on - there is a minus on the generator lamp and the headlights are off.
Starting the internal combustion engine - a plus appeared on the lamp, but a plus appeared on the retractor starter, the relyukha is open and the headlights are off.
The internal combustion engine is working, we release the starter, the relay closes, and so on. on the generator lamp plus, this plus goes to the three-lever light switch. Well, the actual scheme:
That is, the headlights come on only when the engine is running and the starter is turned off. This is especially true in winter, because the fewer extra consumers during engine start-up, the more chances to start.
Switching the light in the three-lever switch under the steering wheel is as follows: 0 - the headlights are off, 1 - the dipped beam is on, 2 - the high beam is on.
Here is a photo of the implementation:
Dimensions are included separately with the button for turning on the outdoor lighting. About the dimensions, I reasoned like this: they are needed only at night, and at night you will not forget to turn them on 100%, because as soon as it gets dark, the readings of the instruments will become invisible. Forgetting to turn off is also possible only for a very large parking lot, tk. the burning dimensions at night will immediately catch your eye. You can make the dimensions turn off automatically, but these are extra relays and extra wires. IMHO it's useless.
I consider this scheme to be almost ideal. The only thing that I would like to improve is that the near one burns both in the zero and in the first positions of the steering column switch. But then an additional relyuha is needed, so that when switching to a distant extinguisher, the near one and also forcibly turning off the headlights from a button or a parking brake.
Automatic switching on headlights are necessary to turn on the head lighting with a sharp deterioration in visibility without the participation of the driver. In some countries, headlights are required when driving.
On foreign cars, automatic headlights are switched on, for the implementation of which an appropriate sensor is used. Often this sensor is combined with a rain sensor attached to windshield... The principle of this sensor is based on the measurement of illumination using photocells.
But for a domestic car owner, this method is unlikely to work. According to the rules of the road, the dipped headlights must be turned on not only at night, but also daytime days. When this requirement appeared, the need arose to use automatic headlights on when the car was moving and off when parking, for economical use of energy and preventing the headlights from leaving when parked. According to the laws of the market, enterprises of electrical equipment for cars and craftsmen immediately responded to this need. The principle of operation is excellent for everyone, depending on what the owner of the car wants to get and what costs and complications of the scheme he wants to go to. Let's consider some of the most common schemes.
A way of inclusion for the forgetful.
The most simple circuit automatic headlights on protects the driver from forgetfulness and prevents the headlights from turning on when the ignition is off. On most vehicles this is done by design at the factory, and where it is not implemented it can be easily done. To do this, it is enough to supply power to the on button or the headlight relay through the ignition switch leads, which are closed when the ignition is turned on, but open when the starter is turned on.
This method has a very important advantage - simplicity. There is an opinion that the included headlights will give additional load, but this is not the case. If the connection is done correctly, then when the starter is turned on, the headlights will turn off. Conclusion: simple, reliable and cost-effective.
Automatic switching on of headlights through a relay.
The second way to realize automatic switching on of headlights is to connect the electromagnet of the relay for turning on the headlights or an additional relay into the excitation circuit of the generator, or rather the circuit of the charging signal lamp. This method is suitable for almost everyone. modern cars.
For implementation, it is necessary to add a five-contact relay of type 90.3747. Connect the wire from the ignition switch to terminals 85 and 30. Conclusion 86 is connected to the output of the generator, to which the wire from the control lamp of the charge is connected. Terminal 88 is connected to the headlamp switch or directly to the headlight circuit fuses.
In this case, when the ignition is turned on, the power from the ignition switch, the coil of the relay electromagnet goes to minus through the generator winding, while the relay triggers and opens contacts 30 and 88. After starting the engine and starting the generator, a plus appears at the output of the generator warning lamp. The relay is disconnected and closes contacts 30 and 88 including the headlights.
To prevent a harmful circuit in this case, it is desirable to use a diode connected in series with the relay coil directed towards the generator. In this case, the headlights will light up only when there is a charging current, provided that the circuit is intact, which can be monitored by the battery charge lamp.
Automatic switching on of headlights via a pressure sensor.
In the third method of connecting the automatic switching on of headlights, the kulibins suggest using an emergency engine oil pressure sensor. The wiring diagram is identical to that described earlier, only the relay coil is not connected to the generator, but to the emergency oil pressure sensor. In this case, the headlights will light up immediately after the pressure builds up in the lubrication system. The disadvantage is the inclusion of headlights, regardless of the health of the generator. At low oil pressure, idle if the condition of the engine is not the best, the headlights will start flashing when the sensor is triggered.
Here, only the simplest and possibly primitive ways of implementing automatic headlights are considered. On the Internet, you can find many more schemes, both simple and quite complex. Also in stores you can be offered ready-made blocks for the implementation of this function.
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The overwhelming majority of modern foreign-made cars, especially prestigious equipment options, are equipped with a device that automatically turns on the headlights when certain or given conditions are created.
Often this device is combined with a rain sensor or is triggered when the illumination level is controlled by sensitive photocells. However, the use of the above options becomes insufficient when it comes to a car operated in the Russian Federation. "Rules Road Traffic"(Hereinafter referred to as traffic rules) operating on its territory require the inclusion of dipped headlights while driving vehicle regardless of the time of day and the degree of illumination.
The appearance of this requirement in the traffic rules has caused the need for a significant revision of the electrical supply system not only for domestically produced cars, but also for foreign cars of the older age category.
The main requirements for a device or system that provides automatic switching on of dipped beam headlights are:
- Guaranteed automatic turning on of headlights when the vehicle starts moving.
- Turning off the dipped beam when the vehicle is parked.
- Economical spending electrical energy in all operating modes of the power unit.
Filling the existing niche in the market car parts, the development of these devices was undertaken not only by enterprises specializing in electrical equipment for cars, but also by the so-called "craftsmen". The devices they offer, both ready-made and at the level schematic diagrams, great variety. The devices differ not only in the principle of operation, but also in the complexity of execution.
1 Diagrams of devices for automatic switching on of headlights
Consider several possible options for automatically turning on the headlights of a vehicle.
1.1 One of the simplest and most effective protection schemes against turning on headlights on an idle car is a scheme that provides a supply voltage to the button (relay) for turning on the headlights through. Switching off the engine (starter) opens the headlight supply circuit. The fears of some motorists in increasing the load on the circuit are unfounded, provided that the devices are connected correctly.
1.2 The method described below for organizing the automatic switching on of the dipped beam involves connecting an additional relay or an electromagnet of the relay that turns on the headlights into the circuit of the "battery charging" warning lamp. A practical implementation looks like this (see the diagram in fig. # 1):
- add a five-contact relay to the circuit (type 90.3747);
- contacts "30" and "85" are connected to the ignition switch;
- contact "86" is connected to the output of the generator connected to the charge control lamp;
- contact "88" is connected to the relay that turns on the headlights (or the headlight circuit fuse);
- turning on the ignition provides current supply to the coil windings of the relay electromagnet and its flow (through the generator winding) to the negative terminal;
- actuation of the relay contributes to the opening of contacts "88" and "30";
- as a result of starting the engine and the subsequent start of the generator's operation, a positive current comes to the output of the generator warning lamp;
- switching off the relay leads to the closure of contacts "88" and "30", that is, the dipped headlights are automatically turned on.
The use of a diode in series with the relay coil and directed to the generator will help prevent a “bad” circuit from occurring. The headlights will light up only if the circuit is continuous, which is controlled by the "battery charging" lamp.
Figure # 1
1.3 The third connection method is based on the use of the emergency oil pressure sensor in the automatic switching on of the headlights. power plant... In fact, this method is a variation of the one described above. The difference lies in the connection of the relay coil to the pressure transducer and not to the generator. The headlights are switched on immediately after the pressure in the lubrication system rises to the required level.
A significant drawback of this scheme is the flashing of the headlights when the oil pressure in the system decreases and, as a result, the sensor is triggered (coasting, mode " idle move" etc.).
The schemes and methods considered above, which provide automatic switching on of the headlights, are simple in technical design and do not require significant material costs for implementation. This is their undoubted advantage. However, a rather large group of domestic motorists, due to the lack of free time, technical illiteracy and other objective reasons, prefer to use factory-made devices.
2. The device "AutoSvet AS", as an alternative to handicraft schemes
The functional purpose of the "AutoSvet AS" device is to smoothly turn on the dipped headlights at the moment:
a) the beginning of the movement of the vehicle;
b) starting the engine and reaching 10-100% of the rated power.
This allows you to significantly extend the service life of incandescent lamps.
Dipped headlights automatically extinguish when turned on side lights(mains voltage< 12,7 Вольт), зажигания. Схема подключения контроллера предполагает коммутацию «+», то есть включение в цепь «+» выключателя или реле.
Drawing number 2
- The device can function in several ways:
The control wire of the controller is connected to the injector or hall sensor circuit;
Connection to the speed sensor circuit
2.2 Installation of the "AutoSvet AS" controller on the car is carried out as follows:
- turn off the "-" battery terminal;
- a red wire (D = 1.5 mm) is connected through a 15 ampere fuse to a power source (12 Volts);
- black wire (D = 1.5 mm) is connected to the “╧” (“ground”) terminal;
- a blue wire (D = 1.5 mm) is connected to the dipped beam headlamp circuit (“+” terminal ≤ 9 Ampere) after the relay;
- brown wire (D = 0.35 mm) is connected to the input contact of the speed sensor;
- a blue wire (D = 0.35 mm) is connected to the parking light input contact or connected via a toggle switch to the “+” 12 Volt terminal.
The conditions that determine the automatic switching on of the dipped headlights depend on the state of the controller loop:
The cut loop ensures that the light is turned on when the vehicle starts moving;
The whole loop ensures that the headlights are turned on when the power plant is started.
Attention! Connecting the brown wire directly to the coil pins Absolutely forbidden as high voltages will cause the controller to malfunction.
- avoid getting moisture inside the device;
- do not allow deformation of the controller due to mechanical and thermal loads;
- do not use gas-discharge lamps in the electrical system of the car.
As you know, the dipped beam must be turned on when moving on motor vehicle not only in the evening and at night, but also in the daytime. In a situation where running lights do not work, the traffic police officer has the right to issue a fine to the driver. Of course, this is an insignificant amount, but it creates a headache. In this regard, most motorists faced a number of inconveniences due to the fact that many simply forget to turn on the low beam when getting into the car, or do not turn off the lights when leaving the car, which is why they find the battery completely discharged in the morning.
In order to get rid of such problems, many decide to modify the process of turning on and off the headlights. Thanks to the simplest schemes, the headlights can be turned on simultaneously with the ignition or at the moment the engine is started. At the same time, the dipped beam headlights will light up from daytime, but not the dimensions, and at night everything will work as usual. Let's consider both options.
The second way to realize automatic switching on of headlights is to connect the electromagnet of the relay for turning on the headlights or an additional relay into the excitation circuit of the generator, or rather the circuit of the charging signal lamp. This method is suitable for almost all modern vehicles.
For implementation, it is necessary to add a five-contact relay of type 90.3747. Connect the wire from the ignition switch to terminals 85 and 30. Conclusion 86 is connected to the output of the generator, to which the wire from the control lamp of the charge is connected. Terminal 88 is connected to the headlamp switch or directly to the headlight circuit fuses.
In this case, when the ignition is turned on, the power from the ignition switch, the coil of the relay electromagnet goes to minus through the generator winding, while the relay triggers and opens contacts 30 and 88. After starting the engine and starting the generator, a plus appears at the output of the generator warning lamp. The relay is disconnected and closes contacts 30 and 88 including the headlights.
To prevent a harmful circuit in this case, it is desirable to use a diode connected in series with the relay coil directed towards the generator. In this case, the headlights will light up only when there is a charging current, provided that the circuit is intact, which can be monitored by the battery charge lamp.
Automatic headlights on after starting the engine
To organize a similar scheme of work, you can go in two directions: connect to the oil pressure sensor or to the handbrake.
Method 1: Connecting to the oil pressure sensor
To make such a connection, you will need:
- relay;
- transistor (2 pieces);
- wires;
- microcircuit K561TP1.
All parts are placed in a small case from the relay, after which the device must be connected to the oil pressure sensor. When the pressure in the engine lubrication system returns to normal, that is, when the motor is turned on, the sensor will open, and the power from it will go to the capacitor. Ultimately, the relay will be energized through the transistors included in the headlight power supply. When the engine is turned off, power from the sensor is supplied to the desired lamp located on dashboard... At this time, the capacitor that enters the headlamp control unit begins to discharge and the power supply to the relay stops.
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In this case, you can also control the headlights in manual mode if you use a parallel connection. In order to set the time for turning off and turning on the headlights, it is enough to select the resistance on the board. The higher this parameter is, the longer the period of time the headlights turn on and off.
True, not everyone likes this method, since such a scheme is much more complicated (you need to pull wires and make 3-4 connections).
Method 2: Connecting to the handbrake
This method is much easier, since in this case it is enough to just slightly modify the headlight connection diagram during ignition, which we talked about at the very beginning. To do this, it is enough to add another relay and a short wire (about 25 cm) to the standard contact of the parking brake button.
Thanks to this method, the headlights will turn off as soon as you pull the handbrake, and light up when you release it.
System Installation Benefits
To begin with, we will consider the main advantages that the use of automatic options for turning on the light gives us:
| Convenience | Now you will not forget to turn on the light, and you will not be fined by the traffic police. As practice shows, most of these offenses are carried out precisely because drivers forget to turn on the lights at the beginning of the movement. In addition, you do not have to be distracted, you will know that the system is triggered automatically at a certain point in time. |
| Saving the battery | As practice shows, very often after the end of the movement, drivers forget to turn off the light, as a result of which the battery sits down, if such cases are repeated periodically, then the battery will fail very quickly. The presence of such a system makes it possible to exclude such troubles, because the shutdown will also be carried out in automatic mode. |
| Ease of work | You can easily implement any of the options described below with your own hands, the installation instructions are simple and straightforward, so you can handle it without outside help, especially since the delivery set includes all the elements necessary for installation. The main thing is to be careful and use only high-quality connection methods, twisting and electrical tape are unacceptable |
| Low costs | The cost of the required items is low, so you will not incur high costs. The most important thing is to choose a quality option that will ensure good system performance. |
Important! A big plus is that you can customize the features of the system for yourself, this allows you to use devices of this kind on almost any car model.
The automatic dipped beam headlamp switch in some models involves moving the regulator to a special mode, sometimes it is marked with the letter "A"
What spare parts are needed to assemble the automatic switching circuit
To equip a system for automatically turning on lighting devices, you will need to find:
- standard five-contact relays
- wires
- diodes
To implement a more rational scheme with the option of connecting to a handbrake or an oil pressure sensor, you will need to purchase:
- transistors, 2 pcs.
- wires
- microcircuit marked K561TP1
For this scheme you will need:
- diode;
- wires.
A way of inclusion for the forgetful.
The simplest scheme, automatic headlights on, protects the driver from forgetfulness and prevents the headlights from turning on when the ignition is off. On most vehicles this is done by design at the factory, and where it is not implemented it can be easily done. To do this, it is enough to supply power to the on button or the headlight relay through the ignition switch leads, which are closed when the ignition is turned on, but open when the starter is turned on.
This method has a very important advantage - simplicity. There is an opinion that the included headlights will give additional load, but this is not the case. If the connection is done correctly, then when the starter is turned on, the headlights will turn off. Conclusion: simple, reliable and cost-effective.
Automatic headlights on when ignition
In order to organize such work of lighting elements, it is necessary to connect them to the ignition power source, and as many know, some devices can be connected at any position of the ignition switch, while others begin to function only when the ignition is already on. Based on this, the most convenient place to connect the headlights is the stove switch button (the rightmost switch block).
For this scheme you will need:
- any standard five-contact relay;
- diode;
- wires.
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- Remove the size switch (leftmost switch block).
- Disconnect the positive wire from the keypad responsible for the low beam operation (usually a green double wire) and connect it to the relay.
- In the positive wire, which goes to the stove switch, it is necessary to embed an additional wire and also connect it to the relay.
- Lead a wire to the relay that powers the headlights themselves.
- Throw the wiring to minus (on the case).
The connections can be soldered, but the usual insulated twist is enough for full-fledged work. As a result, the automatic low beam headlights will work as soon as you turn on the ignition.
However, this method is considered not the most economical, since the headlights start working immediately, which is not very important in winter, when the engine needs to be warmed up or when repairing a car.
To avoid such inconveniences, you can slightly complicate the scheme so that the dipped beam turns off during parking, regardless of whether the ignition is working or not.
Output
The video in this article will tell you how to do it on your car daylight and get rid of a lot of problems. This will allow you to understand the issue even better so that you do not make mistakes in your work.
Of course, drivers who have at least basic training in electrical engineering and experience in doing this kind of work with their own hands will be able to do the work with their own hands.
Professionals advise, before starting work, to really assess their capabilities. In some cases, in order to avoid problems, it is better to fork out for some money and entrust the work to a professional auto electrician.
If the same work will be done independently, then it is recommended to equip all tie-in points inside the cabin. At the very least, they will be protected from the negative effects of atmospheric precipitation.
It is more rational to perform the connection points themselves by twisting wires - this method is in no way inferior to soldering, and in conditions of increased vibration it turns out to be more resistant to loads.
It should not be forgotten that the fastening of the relay to be installed must be rigid.
Installation should not be carried out in such a way that, with the maximum permissible trajectory of movement of the branches of the wiring, their tension does not arise, all points of bending of the wiring located near the metal fragments of the body must be protected with a polyvinyl chloride tube.
It is not advisable to follow the recommendations of amateurs who claim that to obtain the desired result, you can install a jumper in a specific place mounting block auto without installing an additional relay. Failure to comply with basic electrical engineering rules is a real cause of serious problems, for example, headlights can bypass a fuse.
Do-it-yourself installation work will require maximum care and accuracy from the car owner. During operation, it is necessary to exclude the possibility of moisture and mechanical deforming loads entering the system fragments. It is not recommended to use discharge lamps in electrical systems of cars.
In case of concern, use homemade options devices for connecting eurolight, you can install devices manufactured at the factory, for example AutoSvet AS, FARAON, Skybrake M5, Meguna T 7.2, etc.
As you know, the dipped beam must be turned on when driving a vehicle, not only in the evening and at night, but also in the daytime. In a situation where the running lights do not work, the traffic police officer has the right to issue a fine to the driver. Of course, this is an insignificant amount, but it creates a headache. In this regard, most motorists faced a number of inconveniences due to the fact that many simply forget to turn on the low beam when getting into the car, or do not turn off the lights when leaving the car, which is why they find the battery completely discharged in the morning.
In order to get rid of such problems, many decide to modify the process of turning on and off the headlights. Thanks to the simplest schemes, the headlights can be turned on simultaneously with the ignition or at the moment the engine is started. At the same time, the dipped beam headlights will light up from daytime, but not the dimensions, and at night everything will work as usual. Let's consider both options.
Automatic headlights on when ignition
In order to organize such work of lighting elements, it is necessary to connect them to the ignition power source, and as many know, some devices can be connected at any position of the ignition switch, while others begin to function only when the ignition is already on. Based on this, the most convenient place to connect the headlights is the stove switch button (the rightmost switch block).
For this scheme you will need:
- any standard five-contact relay;
- diode;
- wires.
- Remove the size switch (leftmost switch block).
- Disconnect the positive wire from the keypad responsible for the low beam operation (usually a green double wire) and connect it to the relay.
- In the positive wire, which goes to the stove switch, it is necessary to embed an additional wire and also connect it to the relay.
- Lead a wire to the relay that powers the headlights themselves.
- Throw the wiring to minus (on the case).
The connections can be soldered, but the usual insulated twist is enough for full-fledged work. As a result, the automatic low beam headlights will work as soon as you turn on the ignition.
However, this method is considered not the most economical, since the headlights start working immediately, which is not very important in winter, when the engine needs to be warmed up or when repairing a car.
To avoid such inconveniences, you can slightly complicate the scheme so that the dipped beam turns off during parking, regardless of whether the ignition is working or not.
Automatic headlights on after starting the engine
To organize a similar scheme of work, you can go in two directions: connect to the oil pressure sensor or to the handbrake.
Method 1: Connecting to the oil pressure sensor
To make such a connection, you will need:
- relay;
- transistor (2 pieces);
- wires;
- microcircuit K561TP1.
All parts are placed in a small case from the relay, after which the device must be connected to the oil pressure sensor. When the pressure in the engine lubrication system returns to normal, that is, when the motor is turned on, the sensor will open, and the power from it will go to the capacitor. Ultimately, the relay will be energized through the transistors included in the headlight power supply. When the engine is turned off, power from the sensor is supplied to the desired lamp located on the dashboard. At this time, the capacitor that enters the headlamp control unit begins to discharge and the power supply to the relay stops.
In this case, you can also control the headlights in manual mode if you use a parallel connection. In order to set the time for turning off and turning on the headlights, it is enough to select the resistance on the board. The higher this parameter is, the longer the period of time the headlights turn on and off.
True, not everyone likes this method, since such a scheme is much more complicated (you need to pull wires and make 3-4 connections).
Method 2: Connecting to the handbrake
This method is much easier, since in this case it is enough to just slightly modify the headlight connection diagram during ignition, which we talked about at the very beginning. To do this, it is enough to add another relay and a short wire (about 25 cm) to the standard contact of the parking brake button.
Thanks to this method, the headlights will turn off as soon as you pull the handbrake, and light up when you release it.
In custody
All these methods take a minimum of time and money, and the result saves you a lot of trouble. Automation of the process of turning on the headlights does not require special skills in electrical engineering, so you can cope with such a connection on your own without unnecessary problems.
