Child seat or triangle. Child restraint! How old is it used

In a family where they are used to traveling by car, transportation of crumbs is a separate item of necessary safety measures and expenses. The fact is that, by law, it is prohibited to transport a baby up to a certain age and weight without a restraint device. As the child grows, it is necessary to change the car seat to another or a booster. Price policy the latest invention brings it to the leading positions in the ranking of budget devices for the safe driving of children in a car.

A booster is a type of restraint in the form of a seat with small armrests, but without a supporting backrest and headrest. The purpose of the structure is to raise a small passenger, and then the standard seat belt will not pinch his neck (which happens if the child is simply transported in a car seat).

What the law says

According to the 2017 edition of the SDA, children who have not reached the age of 12 must move in a car in a special restraint device suitable for age and height and weight indicators.

It is interesting. Article of the Administrative Code 12.23 part 3 states that the transportation of children without special restraints is punishable by a fine of 3 thousand rubles.

At the same time, any homemade pillows and pads are not recommended for transporting small passengers. In other words, the design for child safety in the vehicle must be certified and meet or exceed federal or state transportation standards.

Rules for using the booster depending on the height, weight in kilograms and the age of the child

Like other types of devices designed to carry small passengers, it has clear parameters for use according to the age, height and weight of the child. To understand the features of its use, it is worth first understanding the categories of restraint devices:

• 0 - car seats for newborns and babies up to six months. Designed for body weight up to 10 kg;
• 0+ - auto carriers for babies up to one year old. Designed for body weight up to 13 kg;
• 1 - car seats used from one and a half to 3 years. Maintain a body weight of 9-18 kg;
• 2 - devices for preschoolers from 3 to 7 years old with a weight of 15 to 25 kg;
• 3 - products for children aged 6–12 years, weighing from 22 to 36 kg.

Sometimes you can hear about models with a back, but in fact such products are group 2/3 car seats, which, if necessary, are transformed by removing the rear part.

Booster in comparison with other restraints (frame and frameless car seat, FEST)

For long journeys, the most suitable and comfortable restraint device is a frame car seat. It also comes first in terms of safety. All other restraint options do not provide lateral head and body protection.

If we talk about a frameless car seat and FEST, then the first device has shown its unreliability during independent tests (the belts with which the child is fastened are torn at the moment of collision), and the second leads to abdominal injuries (the belt lifted by the adapter passes not along the reeds, but the belly of the passenger ) and does not protect against the diving effect.

Some parents install both a booster and FEST. Such reinsurance is not a violation, but it is not particularly expedient.

Gallery: types and photos of child restraints

FEST is intended for the correct fixation of standard seat belts, but it does not give the required level of protection. The booster is convenient to use for short trips, including in a taxi. Frameless car seats are a choice in favor of economy, but at the expense of safety
A car seat on a frame is the most reliable restraint device

Video: crash test of a booster, car seat and other accessories

How to choose a booster for a child

Having decided to buy a booster, it is necessary to take into account the maximum nuances of the choice so that the acquisition will serve faithfully for several years. To do this, pay attention to the important parameters:

Mounting methods in the car

The booster in the car can be fixed in 2 ways, depending on the device model:

Standard seat belts: instruction

In this case, the role of the device retainer is performed by the little passenger himself.

Instructions:

Video: how to properly install a booster in a car

Isofix system to fix the device in the cabin

If the machine has isofix loops, then you should choose a booster with the same type of installation. In this case, the rigidity and reliability of the grip of the holding device is provided by fastening to the car body. In addition, seat belts provide additional protection and restraint.

Installing the booster on the seat with Isofix is ​​very simple: you just need to insert the guides into the brackets located between the backrest and the rear seat cushions until they click.

Latch is the American analogue of the European isofix. The difference between this type of installation is that instead of guides, it is fastened with straps to brackets.

Isofix system gives a more rigid fixation of the device

What the pillow is made of: a material that manufacturers can use

The safety class of the booster depends on the material of manufacture. The highest for devices on a metal frame, the smallest for foam. But in any case, all parts for an increased level of protection must have soft pads so that the child is not injured by them.

Baby comfort

To assess which booster is more comfortable, it is recommended to take your child with you, because the products differ in width, length and height. The baby should be soft, comfortable, and even in a bulky winter jacket. The fabric with which the device is sheathed is also considered from the same position. Choose breathable material to keep the passenger from getting too hot in summer. Perfect option- removable covers.

If you envisage more or less long journeys, then perhaps it makes sense to pay attention to models with additions (for example, coasters for glasses, a table). But often such improvements create more difficulties on the road - the child wants to use all the possibilities, and doing it awkwardly provokes the appearance of stains in the car interior.

Most manufacturers provide a retractable cup holder so that it can be hidden in the case when needed

Most parents leave positive reviews about boosters, noting that it is very comfortable for a child to ride in them.

We have a booster. I fasten it in the center with a central belt, the cross fits well, it does not pinch my neck like an adult. Locks perfectly, on sharp turns does not even move. Convenient in that it does not hinder the movement of the child, and there are armrests.

schastlivaya

Booster operating rules

When buying and installing a booster, you must take into account the basic rules and features of its use.

Where to fit: front or back seat

The booster can be placed on the front or back seat of the car, always in the direction of travel. However, in practice, inspectors of the road patrol service quite often, taking advantage of the ignorance of citizens, are fined for installing a restraint next to the driver. In this case, you need to refer to chapter 22.9 of the SDA, which describes possible options placement of devices for transporting children, among which boosters are announced.

However, the safest place to place any type of restraint for transporting a toddler is in the center of the back seat. It is there that your child will be maximally protected from a side impact, as well as in a frontal collision, when the driver, reflexively obeying the instinct of self-preservation, will turn the steering wheel so as to protect himself.

If you fix the booster on a seat next to the driver, then deactivate the airbags on that side, as they can deploy and injure the child during hard braking.

Video: Side Impact Booster Crash Test

Features of use: how to fasten and transport a passenger with maximum safety

There are two ways to fasten a child, depending on his weight:

If the previously used phrase "other means", posted in the traffic rules, allowed the use of almost any device or structure that held children while driving, now the situation has changed dramatically. made adjustments to and canceled this phrase.

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From this moment on, it becomes impossible to fasten the child with a regular belt, lifting it to the required height with the help of a pillow. A similar situation applies to cheap analogs sold on the domestic market and outstanding for a certified child restraint device, many of them are now illegal.

What is it

The term, the abbreviated name of which looks like a child restraint, means a car seat familiar to most car owners.

This is a special technical device designed to transport children from birth to 12 years of age and 150 cm in height.

Depending on the weight of the child, they can be divided into several categories, designed for transportation of different age groups, and some of them are capable of "growing" with the child.

The main purpose of using a car seat is to ensure the safety of the child in the event of an emergency:

• collision with an obstacle;
• emergency braking.

The use of the chair reduces the likelihood of injury by up to 80%, but this condition only applies if it is installed in accordance with the instructions for use.

What are allowed to use

The table below is given as a rough guide to the age at which the child is used for specific car seat models:

All child car seats must be suitable for the size and age of the small passenger and must be used in accordance with the conditions indicated by the manufacturer.

In addition, the devices are regulated. Full list the document consists of 465 pages, but the basic information regarding this situation is given in Appendix No. 10, on page 364.

It provides a basic list of requirements and conditions that apply to vehicle categories and components.

In particular, information on child seats can be found on page 384 and is located under No. 35 of this list, from which follows a link to a document describing the main requirements for restraints:

If you compare these documents, you can determine that there is a slight difference between them, which consists in the fact that the domestic document reveals in more detail the basic requirements and test methods.

Thus, we can call it more modified in relation to the European document. You can determine the ratio of a specific model of a child seat to the relevant regulatory conditions by paying attention to the body of the device, which should have the tag shown in the photo.

It confirms that this element is produced in accordance with the requirements of the aforementioned edition and can be used in Russia. Thus, since July 2017. Traffic rules are regulated only in car seats that meet the requirements of the above standards.

Among the innovations are:

1. Exclusion of the term "other means", which puts a ban on all adapters, boosters and fests used earlier.
2. A similar situation applies to armchairs that do not have the appropriate markings, they also turn out to be outlawed.
3. In addition, in accordance with the changes prescribed in the Government Decree No. 761 of June 28, 2017. it follows that only passenger cars and trucks equipped with standard seat belts and Isofix universal mount.
4. If the vehicle in the factory configuration does not have either one or the other, the law does not prohibit carrying a child in it without a restraint. However, practice shows that in this case, the traffic police officer draws up a protocol in relation to the driver according to clause 3. Therefore, it is necessary to appeal against this flaw in the legislation already in court.

Prices

The cost of child seats varies in the range from 500 to 50,000 rubles It should be borne in mind that none of the most expensive and high-quality can give a full guarantee in the protection of the child.

However, items in the lower price range are Chinese boosters intended for transporting schoolchildren. You can get acquainted with the indicative prices in the table below.

Table. Car seat prices.

The table below shows the prices of one of the online stores for selected models of car seats from different manufacturers. Each of them is certified and meets the requirements of UNECE Regulation No. 44.

This allows us to talk about the proper quality of the product. The size of the cost on other sites may differ.

Boosters for transporting children in a car

If adapters "Fest", popularly called "kerchiefs" have recently been outlawed, the use of boosters is not prohibited. These RELs refer to groups 2 and 3, therefore, they can be used subject to compliance with the requirements of UNECE Regulation No. 44.

In addition, there are several discrepancies with common sense in the wording of the current traffic rules:

1. From the moment the child turns 7 years old, it is allowed to be transported on the back sofa without a restraint device, fastening it with a regular belt. Although from the point of view of logic, this is a rather dangerous activity, since the straps will pass at the level of the neck, as shown in the example of the baby shown in the photo.

   

2. Therefore, for the sake of his safety, it is recommended to use a child restraint of group 2 or 3 in accordance with the dimensions until the height is reached, which allows the use of regular belts without fear of risk to health and life.

In addition, the Rules of DD, Government Decree No. 761 of June 28, 2017. and UNECE No. 44 do not specify the requirements concerning. The documents contain information that children should be in the car seat, which is used according to the manufacturer's instructions.

Analysis of this document does not reveal any specifics regarding the installation site. Here there is only information that the remote control is installed in the direction of vehicle movement and is fixed with a standard seat belt.

Thus, it turns out that the transportation of children from 7 to 12 years old for front seat in the booster, the rules are allowed and the traffic police inspector is not entitled to issue a fine for this. But if such a case occurs, he thereby shows his ignorance of the traffic rules, and the decision is appealed in court without any special problems.

This happens due to the fact that the modern interpretation of the Rules does not divide the child restraints allowed for use into chairs, cradles or boosters.

Terms of use

The principle of use is determined primarily on the basis of the manufacturer's instructions. In the traffic rules there is no information about this, only a reference to the recommendations of the manufacturer.

Therefore, it is recommended that you carefully read the attached leaflet before installing the car seat in your vehicle.

First of all, a number of the following nuances should be highlighted in it:

1. Group 0 car seats, for newborns from 0 to 1 year old, should be installed sideways or with their backs to the direction of travel, the rest - facing.
2. The restraint strap must not run over the child's neck.
3. The child restraint must correspond to the height and weight of the child sitting in it. For children under the age of 4 years, the use of boosters is unacceptable.
4. When installed in the front passenger seat, the airbag must be deactivated.
5. The fixing straps must not be twisted.

These requirements can be called basic and applicable in almost all cases. However, in order to achieve greater safety of transported children, it is recommended to read the instructions again.

How to choose

The question of whether or not to buy a child seat for your child is not considered in this topic, since a positive answer is obvious. However, the topic: how to choose a special car seat is quite popular, so it is necessary to thoroughly disclose it.

It should be borne in mind that there is no ideal chair that can 100% protect a baby from injury, but it is quite possible to reduce this coefficient by choosing the correct and appropriate option.

In order not to be mistaken with the decision, you should pay attention to the following nuances:

1. Decide in advance how the remote control will be fixed in the car: using standard seat belts or with Isofix fastening.

   

   If everything is very clear with the first option, then the second may be unfamiliar to domestic car owners who previously used old-style cars that were not equipped with such elements. Therefore, you should make sure they are available before purchasing. Practice and numerous tests show that the Isofix method of use provides the child with a greater degree of protection.

2. It will not be superfluous to make sure of the quality of the seat belts of the device itself, since the child is fixed precisely with their use.

   

   There are three and five-point, indicating the number of attachment points to the chair. Therefore, it is recommended to choose the latter. Before buying, you need to make sure that the locking elements are intact and functioning properly.

3. It must be said right away that the frameless car, the photo of which is given as an example from 2017. outlaw.

   

   A quality car seat should have a plastic or aluminum body. The advantage of such elements is that the baby is in a so-called flask, closed on three sides. In addition, the spine has a solid support, on which the load is distributed in the event of an emergency stop or an accident.

4. The texture of the back and the presence of a headrest must completely repeat the bend and bulges of the child's body. This maximizes the comfort of travel on long journeys.

   

   Infant car seats must have a tilt adjuster that allows you to change the position of the backrest and put it in a recumbent state.

5. The material from which the upholstery is made does not affect safety performance. At the same time, low-quality synthetic fabrics can cause a child enough problems, since his skin will constantly sweat. It will be useful to make sure that the cover will be removable, this will allow you to periodically remove it for washing.
6. The presence of a plate confirming the quality and safety of the product, which was mentioned earlier.

   

   Penalties when driving without a safety device

   The use of a child restraint is required only for transporting a child in a car or truck.

   Regarding buses, trolleybuses and other wheeled vehicles, the SDA does not provide any information.

   The only mention in clause 22.9 on motorcycles is: "It is prohibited to carry children under 12 years of age in the back seat of a motorcycle." A similar conclusion can be made based on the use of older models of cars, which are not designed with seat belts.

   For example, the UAZ-69, which is still found on Russian roads in the form of a rare vehicle. Here you can use the unspoken rule “what is not prohibited is allowed”, since there is no direct or indirect prohibition in relation to these vehicles in the legislation yet.

   In relation to the CUs mentioned in Resolution No. 761, there are penalties regulated in accordance with Art. 12.23 of the Administrative Code of the Russian Federation, clause 3:

   1. Drivers - a fine of 3,000 rubles.
   2. Officials - a fine of 25,000 rubles.
   3. Legal entities - a fine of 100,000 rubles.

   Traveling by car with children requires compliance with important criteria that can protect a small passenger from injury. For all those who do not want to buy a child car seat in the car, it remains to recommend to travel by train.

   Unfortunately, Russian market saturated with offers of low-quality products that have not passed a single crash test. Moreover, they have a Russian certificate that allows implementation.

   This happened due to the fact that the right to issue such permits exists in numerous organizations, which over the years have managed to confirm a huge amount of such products that have not passed a single test or inspection.

   Rosstandart employees are trying to solve the problem by identifying counterfeit products from the retail sale.

   

   Many parents who use FEST restraints to transport their children were shocked by the news of the beginning of 2017. According to many news outlets, amendments to the traffic rules from January 1 of this year strictly prohibit the use of FEST. However, is the situation really that terrible? Let's look at the issue and clarify all the legislative nuances.

   Legal requirements for the carriage of children in a car

   Before answering the question - "Is the FEST child restraint device allowed by the traffic police in 2017?" This aspect of the life of drivers is regulated by several legislative acts at once:

   • Federal laws on the rules of the road (SDA) - define general principles transportation of children in a car and those devices that are necessary for this.
   • GOST standards - regulating all the necessary requirements for child restraints (DUU), which can be used to transport children.
   • The Code of Administrative Offenses of the Russian Federation (Code of Administrative Offenses of the Russian Federation) is a determinant of punishment for transporting children without a child restraint.

   Summarizing the information provided in the previously mentioned regulations, we can highlight the main provisions that every parent who transports children in a car should know:

   • A child under 7 years old (anywhere) and from 7 to 11 years old (at front seat) must be carried in a vehicle using special child restraint systems.
   • Child control systems must fully correspond to the weight and height of the baby, as well as be certified on the territory of the Russian Federation.
   • “RCD certification” means the receipt of appropriate documentation by RCD manufacturers, which fully confirms the fact that the device fully complies with all the standards of GOST RF and international standards for the carriage of children in a car.
   • Ignoring the use of child restraints or using non-compliant systems is punishable. The punishment is determined by the Code of Administrative Offenses of the Russian Federation (fine - 3,000 rubles).

   

   The amendments of January 1, 2017 to the traffic rules excluded the possibility of using "other child restraints", which help to adapt the standard seat belt for the baby. For example, now you can not put pillows under children and make the belt pass along the sternum of a small passenger. Previously, such a practice was carried out and its legality was repeatedly proven in court.

   Important! As you can see, any child restraint can be used for the transportation of children, which is certified on the territory of the Russian Federation and corresponds to the dimensions of the passenger being transported.

   Is FEST allowed

   Having considered the main legislative provisions on child restraints necessary for the transport of children to vehicles, you can also determine whether FEST is allowed to use or not. To do this, you have to answer a few questions:

   • Is FEST certified in the Russian Federation?
   • Does it fit your child's size?

   So let's go in order. First, let's consider the issue of FEST certification. In this regard, the legislation of this type of child restraint is completely clean. FEST received certification from specialized government agencies until 2018, and is also tested annually, let's say, for professional suitability in its class on the international arena. All tests of the device, given in Hungary, ended successfully, therefore, there is no doubt about the compliance of the device with GOST standards and international rules for transporting children in a car.

   Secondly, you need to determine whether the device you have is suitable for the size of the child. At the moment, DUU FEST is produced in two variations:

   • For children weighing from 9 to 18 kilograms. Such systems are also equipped with special thigh straps.
   • For babies weighing 18 to 36 kilograms. These devices can come with or without the previously indicated straps.

   

   You can find out about the purpose of the purchased device by its packaging. It must indicate who the child restraint is intended for. Summing up the material presented above, we can state that that FEST is not prohibited by law and can be used to transport children on the roads of the Russian Federation... In the event that a traffic police officer issued a fine for using such child restraints, you can safely defend your position in court. Moreover, the FEST manufacturing company itself offers its legal assistance in such situations.

   Important! Despite the absence of a ban on FEST devices in the legislation of the Russian Federation, not all drivers win in court, defending their innocence. This is largely due to some peculiarities of specific situations and the low qualifications of the defenders of motorists in court.

   Will DUU FEST be banned?

   Of course, today there is no ban on the use of DUU FEST, but what are the prospects for these fixators? To be honest, the outlook is not bright. Many members of the government are in favor of making fundamental amendments to the traffic rules. Their common essence lies in the complete rejection of the use of any child restraints, except for specialized car seats.

   This issue has been considered for many years when discussing potential amendments to traffic rules in the government, but so far no one has implemented it. The first time about the ban of FESTs and similar devices was made back in 2011, but then the changes in the legislation were insignificant. According to preliminary information from the government FEST devices are planned to be completely banned in 2018, however, before that it is worth waiting for a refusal in their certification. What will be the situation in the future, it remains only to wait.

   

   In general, it is not so difficult to determine whether FEST is prohibited or not. The main thing in this event is to study the legislation of the Russian Federation or the material presented above. We hope the article has provided answers to your questions. Good luck on the road!

   On July 10, 2017 (still valid), new rules for the carriage of children in a car came into force in Russia.

   Amendments to the rules for the transportation of children are contained in the Government Decree No. 761, which was signed by Dmitry Medvedev on June 28, 2017.
   Major changes:

   For transportation of children, only car seats are now allowed (the term "other devices" is excluded from the traffic rules)

   Children from 7 to 12 years old in the back seat can be carried both in a car seat and fastened with ordinary belts

   Children under 7 years old can only be transported in a car seat, without exceptions

   In the front seat of a car, children under 12 years old can only be transported in a car seat

   Children under 7 years old are not allowed to be left alone in the car

   In 2007, in our country, liability was introduced for the absence or malfunction of a child car seat, the fine was 500 rubles.
   From 01.09.2013 to the present day, for non-compliance with safety rules (article 12.23, part 3) during the carriage of children, the driver will be obliged to pay a fine in the amount of 3 thousand rubles.

   
   

   Transportation of children SDA 22.9 traffic rules dated 06/28/2017 N 761

   
   
   

   According to the legislation of the Russian Federation, “the transportation of children under 7 years old in the back seat and up to 12 years old in the front seat is carried out in motor vehicles equipped with seat belts, with the use of child restraints appropriate for the weight and height of the child, or other means that allow the child to be fastened using the seat belts provided by the vehicle design. "

   Thus, in our country, small children can travel in infant carriers, car seats and boosters - seats without a backrest. The age and size of the child must be appropriate for the particular model of the child car seat.

   By traffic rules, the car seat must have an intact frame with no internal or external damage. Dents and cracks that could compromise the integrity of the seat are excluded. Car seat belts and car seats cannot be frayed and worn out, and locks and mechanisms must be in good condition.

   The Car Seat Act allows a child car seat to be secured using the Isofix system or on a special base (belt or Isofix). Devices for transporting children are certified according to the established rules.

   Remember:

   According to traffic rules, a child car seat is installed in the back seat of a car. According to statistics, places in the middle rear seat and behind the driver are considered the safest. A child under 12 cannot ride in the front passenger seat... An exception is infants who are transported in car seats secured against the direction of travel of the car. In this case, the front airbags must be deactivated.

   If there is a car seat in the cabin, and the baby is not transported in it - for example, his mother is holding him, this is still considered an administrative offense and is punished with a fine of 3,000 rubles. Premature babies and low-weight babies should not be transported on their hands, but in adapted "infant car seats", which have an almost completely horizontal position and are equipped with a soft liner for newborns.

   
   

   Fans of car travel to different countries: In Germany, if there is no child seat in the car, you will have to pay a fine of 40 euros. In Italy, the penalty is 71 euros, and in France - 90. The highest fines are in the United States. For lack of a child seat, the fine can be up to $ 500.

   Video transportation of children in a car traffic rules 2019

   Filming in our store NTV channel, transmission "Main road "