Wipers are used to clean windshield from snow and rain, dirt and dust, thus providing a good view to the driver. If the brushes of this device are installed correctly, then they are able to clean a significant area.
The main causes of breakdown
Windshield wipers help during bad weather
If this device breaks down, you need to find out the reason why this happened. Often, the wipers on the VAZ 21099 do not work due to prolonged parking or a trip under heavy snow or rain. Wipers fail for the following reasons:
- Water got into the "black box" - relay and fuse box.
- The electric motor, presented in the form of a motor, has broken direct current... Power is supplied to its collector through the brushes. They should be changed regularly.
- The steering column switch, which is located on the right side of the steering wheel, has broken.
- Faulty wiring or connections.
If the wipers do not work, then you need to check the health of the fuses. This process can be performed independently if there is a VAZ 21099 wiring diagram. It is also necessary to inspect the cover. With regard to fuses, the standard equipment for such parts includes the installation of models F4 and F5. In this case, the current is triggered at 10 and 15 A.
If these parts are in good working order, you will need to disassemble the relay, which is responsible for the functionality of the wipers. In this case, it is removed, the resistance of the coil is checked. If the relay is working properly, then the wipers work only in the upper extreme position of the handle. Otherwise, the steering column switch is removed.
To disassemble the steering column switch, you will need a file or fine sandpaper. The contacts are cleaned, the steering column is assembled, the wipers are checked. If they do not work, then the wiring is called using the tester. Auto mechanics advise connecting the wiper motor to the battery. In any case, you need to remember that the windshield wipers do not work when the ignition system is off.
Replacing damaged parts
New trapezium wiper
If the springs of the brushes are damaged or if their elasticity is lost, they will need to be replaced. It is recommended to check how they move in the corresponding holder. If they stick, then worn out or existing chips are replaced. In this case, the leads of the new parts are soldered to the corresponding holder.
The collector is cleaned with sandpaper (if there are scratches or other defects on it). If this unit is burnt or worn out, then the gearbox and anchor are replaced. Replacement of the gear wheel is carried out with a similar condition of the teeth. Bent rods are straightened or replaced with new ones. Damaged splines or threads on the rollers require replacement of the rod assembly. All cracked, torn and weak rubber cushions are replaced with new parts.
The very procedure for replacing the wipers on the "nine" begins with the dismantling of the main windshield mechanism. For this, a set of screwdrivers and keys is used. Initially, the negative wire of the battery terminal is disconnected. The wiper arms rotate vertically. The nuts are unscrewed and these elements are removed from the rollers.
The next step is to unscrew and remove the levers. If they cannot be removed with light effort, then you need to slightly unscrew the nut that secures the lever. With pliers, the last element is shifted from the splines. You can then remove the lever and protective caps on each side. Proceed in the same way with the nuts that belong to the upper bracket attachment.
Next, the hood of the car opens and the connector is disconnected from the block. To the right (in relation to the compartment located in front of the windshield), the heating fan is displaced, the cover is removed from the corresponding unit. After disconnecting the connector, the relays are removed from it. The next step is to unscrew the bottom mounting bolt. Then the holder is pulled out and the wiper rollers are removed from the holes in the body.
Dismantling and assembly of wipers
The wiper should be moved so that its motor is located in a large part of the compartment in front of the windshield. Further, the main mechanism turns, and its motor is removed from the compartment. The wiper moves towards the corresponding fuse and relay box. After dismantling it, the nut that secures the wiper mechanism is unscrewed. A flat screwdriver is used to remove the last unit and crank from the roller.
The three-speed wiper system is one of the most vulnerable in the domestic “top ten”. Role weak point can execute almost any unit: steering column switch, relays, fuses, gear motor.
First stage: diagnostics and elimination of electrical faults
Every owner of the tenth model probably noticed clicks and noise coming from the motor gearbox located on the left when activating the windshield wiper system. Therefore, at the initial stage of solving the question of why the wipers do not work on the VAZ 2110, attention should be paid precisely to the nature of the operation of this unit.
The electric motor does not show any signs of operability - it is necessary to inspect the F5 fuse in the mounting block located on the left under the headlight beam hydraulic corrector. A good fuse serves primarily as an indicator of problems in the power supply system of the drive.
A multimeter will help to identify the faulty section: it is necessary to "ring" the circuit in resistance mode from the fuse to the gear motor and the steering column lever, and the switch itself. The multimeter induces zero: the section is serviceable, an infinitely large value is a reason to inspect the terminals and wires.
The malfunction is eliminated by the following actions:
- clean / crimp the terminals in the fuse box, pin connectors of the steering column switch and the gear motor;
- replace wires;
- replace the lever on the steering column that activates the wipers.
The relay K2 type 524.3747, located in the mounting block, is responsible for the operation of the wipers in cycles with pauses (I and II positions). The system does not work in intermittent mode - a reason for a detailed inspection and replacement of the relay. Under such circumstances, it is also worth “sinning” on the steering column switch.
Keep in mind! With a defective relay, the wipers work completely unprecedented in the third extreme position of the right steering column switch.
However, a faulty relay does not always stop the operation of the node in an intermittent mode. The wipers can effectively perform their function in I and II positions, however, the presence of a defect in the relay will be indicated by the absence of pauses between brush strokes characteristic of these modes.
Along the way, finding out other reasons why the wipers on the VAZ 2110 in intermittent mode do not work with pauses, you should inspect the limit switch located on the gearmotor cover:
- the oxidized layer should be removed;
- burnt contacts must be cleaned;
- contact petals, if necessary, should be bent.
The second stage of solving the question why the wipers do not work on the VAZ 2110 car: electromechanical malfunctions
An inoperative electric motor, no click and air conditioning fuse F5 - a complex of these circumstances may well indicate serious malfunctions in the gearmotor, often eliminated by replacing the assembly:
- hanging brushes that provide electrical connection between the rotor and stator circuits;
- dirty collector located on the rotor of the electric motor;
- burnt collector;
- break in the armature winding.
The second scenario is no less critical: the electric motor does not turn on, and either a click is heard, or fuse F5 fails.
Attention! In this case, the steering column switch should be immediately returned to the basic zero position.
In the worst case scenario, these signals indicate a short circuit in the motor winding and the need to replace the gearmotor assembly. Often, such symptoms confirm the presence of trifling malfunctions: frozen brushes or wipers touching the body parts. In this case, you should be extremely careful to separate the brushes from the glass or to straighten the geometry of the arm for attaching the brush (and possibly replace it), respectively.
Mechanical faults
Often they do not work due to the banal loosening of the nut that presses the brush holder to the trapezoid shaft. The system can be restored instantly by adjusting the angle of the brush and tightening the lever with a nut.
An unscrewed nut, contributing to the transfer of torque from the gearbox to the trapezoid, can be reported by one of two events:
- the electric motor remains operational in all modes, but both brushes do not move;
- brushes spontaneously stop working in an intermediate position.
However, the stop of the brush holders in an arbitrary position can occur due to poor pressing of the contacts of the "limit switch" to the gear of the motor reducer or oxidation / burning of the same contacts. And the brushes are not able to move even after the teeth of the gears are chipped, which do not have a large resource - after all, they are made of plastic.
Total
Failure of windshield wipers can occur for quite common reasons:
- fuse F5 is blown;
- the terminals of the connecting blocks are oxidized or burnt;
- the wires are out of order;
- the relay K5 524.3747 has broken;
- the steering column switch ordered to "live long";
- the nut that attracts the trapezoid crank to the gear wheel is loosened;
- the nuts securing the levers to the trapezoid shafts were unscrewed;
- the brushes are frozen to the glass.
Often, the wipers on models of the VAZ 2110 family do not work due to complex malfunctions:
- oxidation / burning, insufficient pressing force of the contacts of the limit switch located on the gearbox cover;
- hanging of brushes in the gear motor;
- burning / contamination of the collector;
- break in the armature winding;
- chipping of gear teeth in the gearbox.
The working mechanism of the wipers is designed for a long service life and, as a rule, malfunctions and breakdowns occur due to improper operation. Most often, the exit of their system of "janitors" happens in winter period, when the wiper blades freeze to the windshield, and the driver, without noticing this, turns on the electric motor. In this case, both electrical and mechanical parts of the wiper can fail. In this article, we will analyze the nuances when troubleshooting and repairing a wiper on VAZ cars.
Principle of operation wiper
On cars VAZ 2108, 2109, 2113, 2114 (hatchback body), a wiper and a washer are installed rear window... There is no rear window cleaner on VAZ 2199, 2115 (sedan) models.
Windshield wipers have several operating modes, intermittent (work with a pause), low (first) speed, high (second) speed, one-time three-time glass cleaning, operating mode with a windscreen washer. The rear wiper works only in one position and in conjunction with the rear window washer.
Typical wiper malfunctions and methods for their elimination:
Wiper faults include:
1) Complete inoperability of the system (not a single mode works, the operation of the electric motor is not audible):
- check for the presence of 12 volts at terminal 6, in the wiper connector, ground 4, and also check all power supply circuits (fuses 4 and 5, switch, mounting block, ignition switch, and so on);
- check the operation of the mode switch (the presence of a control voltage of 12 V, at terminals 1 and 2 of the wiper connector, when switching modes);
- check the performance of the electric motor itself (dismantling and disassembly is required);
2) Intermittent mode does not work (all others work);
- the main reason is the inoperative "short circuit" relay, in the diagram, and the mode switch (the easiest way to check by the substitution method, for a known good one)
3) The wiper blades do not stop in the down position, but stop anywhere (the wiper blades can extend beyond the windshield):
- the limit switch in the electric motor has broken (or burned out) (it is not possible to replace it, only the whole motor, but you can try to fix and repair the switch);
- incorrect adjustment of the position of the wipers (set the wipers in place);
- the drive shaft of the brush mechanism began to bypass (analysis and replacement of failed parts);
4) The noise of the electric motor is heard, but the brushes do not move (brushes may twitch in one place):
- cost ("licked" the splines) the drive shaft of the wiper mechanism drive (replace or fix the spline part of the electric motor);
- the nut that secures the rod of the mechanism to the shaft of the electric motor is unscrewed (tighten the nut);
5) No operation of the wipers, after turning on the washer:
- most likely, the steering column switch is out of order (replace it with a known good one);
- possible malfunction and serviceability mounting block(measure the voltage across terminals 9 and 18);
6) Poor quality of glass cleaning.
- the wiper blades have lost their elasticity (replace the blades with new ones);
- contact of oily materials on glass (oil from exhaust pipe in front of a driving car, waxing at the car wash, contamination after polishing, and so on)
Troubleshooting and repair of the rear wiper is carried out according to similar principles (the diagram is attached below), except for the absence of operating modes in the operation of the rear wiper, and, accordingly, the absence of some parts (relay, limit switch in the electric motor, and so on).
Windshield wiper electrical part: 
The wipers in the car are constantly exposed to negative external influences. As a result of downpours, snowstorms and freezing, a variety of wiper defects occur, which directly affects traffic safety. Most often, breakdowns are observed in winter, when the weather conditions are very difficult.
In the event of a malfunction, it is recommended to replace the wipers. There are various ways to remove wipers for troubleshooting purposes. Especially often, problems with replacing and finding defects arise among novice motorists. The main types of malfunctions and the algorithm of actions of the car owner are discussed below.
The wipers in the car do not work: the main reasons
If the wipers do not work, then there may be several reasons for this phenomenon. Check the levers for correct installation. Sometimes there are problems with the electric motor, which can fail. In the electric motor, the armature collector is often clogged with dust, which leads to malfunctions. It is recommended to look at the fuse, as it is triggered when the levers are jammed, short-circuited, or the gearbox jammed.
The fuse also works in cases where the mechanical movement of the brushes is impeded as a result of their freezing to the glass or the ingress of foreign objects into the structure. If the fuse is working properly, and the wipers do not work, then it is necessary to make an external inspection of the wires, motor winding, collector and brushes for damage and oxidation of metal elements.
In the event that the wipers work in jerks, the likely cause is loosening of the leash or unreliable attachment of the brushes. It is recommended to replace the design of the wipers with a more modern model. If they operate at only one speed, then either the resistance is faulty, or a defect in the switch has occurred.
Possible wiper malfunctions
- burning of switch contacts electric motor or relay;
- the spring plate in the circuit breaker does not bend;
- burning of the relay breaker winding;
- damage to the gear teeth of the reducer.
You can also observe poor quality wipers. If the rubber is cracked, different streaks may appear on the glass. Rubber becomes unusable when wipers work with frozen glass or when dirt has dried on the glass.
If there are problems with the wipers, it is advisable to call in to the service station to find the cause. Specialists will be able to quickly replace the electric motor and other structural elements. The safety of the driver and passengers depends on how quickly the malfunctions are eliminated.
Many drivers underestimate the role of wipers in driving safety. In fact, working wipers is an important parameter that must be carefully monitored. If the wipers suddenly stop working, it is necessary to understand the causes of the malfunction as soon as possible and eliminate them.
Broken wipers can manifest themselves in different ways, respectively, and the cause of the malfunction can differ depending on the "symptoms". So, here are the main signs and reasons why car wipers do not work.
The wipers do not work, the sound of the motor is not audible
Most likely, the problem should be looked for in the gear motor itself. To check the electric motor that drives the wipers, it must be removed. First you need to check the fuse on the motor itself (it can be either directly in the gear motor, or somewhere near it). The removed motor of the wipers should be connected directly from the battery: if the motor has not "come to life", then the problem is in it. Moreover, most often the motor does not require replacement: it can be sorted out by replacing the brushes or lubricating the entire mechanism. If the motor is working properly, the reason may also be in the steering column switch or in the wiring. You can check the serviceability of the steering column switch using a tester: disconnect the wiper wiring block and connect a tester to check the presence of voltage when switching the wiper modes.
Wipers do not work when the washer is turned on
As in the case described above, the problem is most likely in the steering column switch and in the wiring. They should be checked in the same way.
The motor buzzes, but the wipers still don't work
In this case, one thing can be said for sure: the gear motor is in good working order, but does not have contact with the wiper trapeze. Most often, the cause of such a malfunction is the wear of the teeth of the drive shaft of the motor or the unscrewed nut of the trapezoid fastening to the gear motor. And if the second reason is easy to determine, only by looking at the trapezoid, then the first can be diagnosed only by disassembling the motor. By the way, it can be difficult to buy a drive part of a gear motor, so most often car owners prefer to change the entire wiper motor assembly.
The wipers work very slowly
There are times when the wipers still perform their function, but move very slowly, even in the fastest mode. Most likely, the problem is a lack of lubrication or rust inside the mechanism. First of all, it is necessary to remove the entire trapezoid and carefully lubricate all moving elements with grease. If this does not help, it is necessary to dismantle and disassemble the geared motor, then thoroughly clean it from dirt and lubricate it.
Wipers do not return to rest position
There may be several reasons for such a malfunction. Most likely, the problem is that you have already disassembled the trapezoid or the motor, after which you set the wipers incorrectly. In addition, the reason that the wipers do not return to their place may be a malfunction of the limit switch of the geared motor (in this case, the motor may need to be replaced) or damaged splines of the wiper drive.
