All the main electrical circuits and modifications for connecting the liquid cooling fan (CO) in VAZ cars of various models are provided. What is the essence of VO’s work? An electric motor with an impeller on a shaft is installed inside a rectangular metal frame, with which it is attached to the back of the radiator. When voltage (12 V) is applied to the contacts of the drive, it begins to work, rotating the blades and creating a directed stream of air, which, in fact, cools the antifreeze or antifreeze.
If the cooling fan does not work, do not rush to contact a car service. You can determine the cause of the malfunction yourself. Moreover, for this it is not at all necessary to have special skills - just study the reference material from website and follow the instructions to check/replace it.
Connection diagram for the VAZ 2104, 2105 and 2107 cooler
- radiator fan
- temperature sensor (located on the bottom of the radiator)
- mounting block
- ignition relay
- egnition lock
A - to contact “30” of the generator.
Electric cooling fan VAZ 2106
- electric motor switch sensor;
- fan motor;
- motor start relay;
- main fuse box;
- ignition switch;
- additional fuse box;
- generator;
- accumulator battery.
Fan connection 2108, 2109, 21099
Until 1998, on cars with the old mounting fuse block 17.3722 (finger type fuses), relay 113.3747 was included in the fan circuit. After 1998 there is no such relay.
Also, before 1998, the TM-108 switching sensor was used (the closing temperature of its contacts is 99±3ºС, the opening temperature is 94±3ºС), after 1998 the TM-108-10 with similar temperature ranges or its analogues from different manufacturers. The TM-108 sensor only works in conjunction with a relay; the TM-108-10, reinforced for high current, can work both with and without a relay.
Scheme for switching on the engine cooling fan on a VAZ 2109 with mounting block 17.3722
- Fan motor
- Motor start sensor
- Mounting block
- Ignition switch
K9 - Relay for turning on the fan motor. A - To terminal “30” of the generator
Scheme for switching on the engine cooling fan on a VAZ 2109 with mounting block 2114-3722010-60
- Fan motor
- Sensor 66.3710 for turning on the electric motor
- Mounting block
A - To terminal “30” of the generator
Connection diagram for VO VAZ 2110
The circuit diagram for switching on the cooling fan of the VAZ 2110 on carburetor and injection cars is different. On cars with a carburetor engine, a thermobimetallic sensor TM-108 is used for this, and on cars with an injection engine, control is carried out by a controller.
Diagram for 2113, 2114, 2115 injector and carburetor
Where is the fan relay located?
4 – electric fan relay;
5 – electric fuel pump relay;
6 – main relay (ignition relay).
Attention: the order of the relays and fuses can be arbitrary, we are guided by the color of the wires. Therefore, we find a relay from which comes a thin pink with a black stripe wire coming from the main relay (pin 85*) (not to be confused with the thin, red with a black stripe wire coming from the controller) and a thick power white with a black stripe wire (pin 87) (white and pink wires we need), this is the fan relay.
If the cooling fan does not work
To drive the fan, a DC electric motor with excitation from permanent magnets ME-272 or similar is installed. Technical data of the electric fan and fan switch sensor:
- Rated rotation speed of the electric motor shaft with impeller, 2500 – 2800 rpm.
- Electric motor current consumption, 14 A
- Sensor contact closure temperature, 82±2 degrees.
- Sensor contact opening temperature, 87±2 degrees.
The cooling system fan may not turn on due to:
- electric drive malfunctions;
- blown fuse;
- faulty thermostat;
- a failed thermal sensor for turning on the cooler;
- faulty VO relay;
- broken electrical wiring;
- faulty expansion tank plug.
To check the VAZ fan electric motor itself, we apply 12 V voltage from the battery to its terminals - a working motor will work. If the problem is with the fan, you can try to repair it. The problem is usually the brushes or bearings. But it happens that the electric motor fails due to a short circuit or break in the windings. In such cases, it is better to replace the entire drive.
The BO fuse is located in the mounting block of the car's engine compartment and is designated F7 (20 A). The test is carried out using a car tester turned on in probe mode.
- In a car with a carburetor engine you need to check the sensor - turn on the ignition and short-circuit the two wires going to the sensor. The fan should turn on. If this does not happen, the problem is definitely not with the sensor.
- For injection cars it is necessary to warm up the engine to operating temperature and disconnect the sensor connector, disconnecting it from the vehicle’s on-board network. In this case, the controller must start the fan in emergency mode. The electronic unit perceives this as a failure in the cooling system and forces the fan drive to operate in constant mode. If the drive starts, the sensor is faulty.
Replacing an electric fan in a car
- We park the car on a flat surface and immobilize it with the parking brake.
- Open the hood and disconnect the negative terminal.
- Using a 10mm wrench, unscrew the fastenings of the air filter housing.
- Using a screwdriver, loosen the air duct clamp on the air flow sensor and remove the corrugation.
- We unscrew the screws securing the cover of the air filter housing and remove the filter element.
- Using a size 8 wrench, unscrew the air intake mount and remove it.
- Using a 10mm wrench, then an 8mm wrench, unscrew the nuts securing the fan casing around the perimeter (6 pieces in total).
- Disconnect the wire block on the fan connector.
- Carefully remove the fan casing along with the drive.
- Using a 10mm wrench, unscrew the 3 bolts holding the electric motor to the casing.
- We put a new one in its place.
- We install the structure in place, fix it, and connect the connector.
- We carry out further installation in the reverse order.
Control circuit modernization
The cooling fan on the top ten turns on at a temperature of 100-105°C, whereas normal operating
The engine temperature is 85-90°C, so the fan turns on when the engine overheats, which naturally has a negative effect.
This problem can be solved in two ways: adjust the switch-on temperature in the “brains” or make a button. We'll focus on the second one. Turning on the fan from the button is very convenient: if you get into a traffic jam - turn it on, leave - turn it off, and no overheating.
A button for selecting the fan operating mode was installed in the cabin (always off, constantly on, automatically turned on via a sensor) - this “tuning” is not mandatory, but will be a very useful addition.
There will be a large current at relay contacts 87, 30, on the wire from the battery to the fuse and the fan ground, and therefore we must use wires there with a cross-section of at least 2 mm, otherwise the thinner wire will not withstand it and will burn out.
Video - connecting and checking VO
How to turn on the fan from a button on a VAZ-2106 is a pressing question in the hot season. Meanwhile, making such a modification is not so difficult.
There are two types of cooling fans on the VAZ-2106. On old “sixes” they were mechanical, driven by the engine crankshaft, and on newer cars they were with an electric motor and an automatic switching sensor. A mechanical fan is more reliable in hot weather, but is completely unnecessary in winter, which is why it was replaced by its electric “brother”.
The second defroster button actually turns on the engine cooling fan.The electric cooling fan on the “six” is activated by the activation of a sensor installed in the main radiator. But often this sensor fails and then there is a threat. That is why it is worth making a button to turn on the fan in the interior of the VAZ-2106. How to make such a system?
The point of this modification is to run your own parallel to the factory power line and “along the way” install a button in the cabin. To understand how this should work, let’s take a closer look at the principle of operation of the cooling fan on a classic.
The fan switch sensor is located in the right (in the direction of travel of the car) tank of the main radiator from below. It is purely mechanical, that is, there is no electronics inside. When the antifreeze in the radiator is heated to a certain temperature (the sensors are different, but on average it is 92 degrees), the contacts inside the sensor close and voltage is supplied to the fan relay.
To organize the activation of the engine cooling fan from a button in the cabin, you need to be able to supply voltage to the relay directly, bypassing the sensor in the radiator. This will require about seven meters of wire, electrical tape, pliers and screwdrivers.
With the engine not running, remove one of the two wires from the fan switch sensor and bite off its terminal. , and clamp the factory wire and our own into the new terminal, which we will later lead into the interior. We securely crimp the terminal, insulate it with electrical tape or put on a standard factory rubber band and put it on the sensor.
When the hole for the button is ready, connect the button itself. It needs to be connected. This circuit not only allows you to turn on the fan, but also lights up an orange indicator inside the key.
After the key is connected and installed in the new hole, the rest of the wire must be routed back to the sensor in the radiator and connected in the same way through the new terminal to the second factory wire of the sensor. The result is a parallel circuit.
Now turn on the battery, ignition and press the button. If everything is done correctly, the cooling fan will turn on at any engine temperature. This happens because now the current can pass not through the sensor, but bypass it through new wires. By pressing a button, we seem to simulate the operation of a sensor in the radiator and, accordingly, do not depend on its performance.
Turning on the engine cooling fan from a button in the cabin is a very convenient thing. However, relying on it completely, replacing automatic switching on with it, is not always convenient, because you will have to constantly monitor the engine temperature. In conditions, for example, in a big city, there is often simply no time to look at the devices, so it is better to use the constructed system as an auxiliary one, which will come to the rescue if the factory sensor suddenly fails.
If the fan itself on your car does not work, then carefully check all of the above components of the cooling system. However, there are times when one situation will not be related to the breakdown in question.
Fuse
Problems with the electrical circuit
If checking the reservoir cap does not reveal any faults, then the problem may lie in the circuit.
The search should begin by checking the serviceability of fuse F7. To do this, you need to gain access to the mounting block and check the contacts for the presence of oxidative traces. If nothing of the sort was noted, then proceed to the next step. Otherwise, clean the contact connections or simply replace the fuse with a new element. The part is inexpensive.
The next step is to check the fan switch sensor:
- Initially, warm up the car to 100 degrees.
- Turn off the engine and immediately start the engine.
- Open the hood and disconnect the terminal from the fan sensor.
- If, after disconnecting the contact, the fan starts working, then the unit is operational, but the sensor needs to be replaced.
- When the fan does not turn on after disconnecting the terminal, then the situation is the opposite - the sensor is working, but the fan is not.
Electric motor breakdowns are often the reason why the fan does not turn on. If all the previous measures did not help you find the problem, then you will need to dismantle the electric motor. The following problems can be identified in this node:
- The commutator brushes are worn.
- The brushes are stuck.
- There was a short circuit in the armature winding - the problem is identified by a characteristic smell.
Problems with the relay. Sometimes a situation arises when the cooling system fan start button simply fails. In this case, you will need to carry out the following work:
- Remove the trim on the right side of the dashboard inside the passenger compartment. To do this, you need to unscrew two screws.
- Under this panel there are three relays.
- The required relay is usually located on the side in relation to the front of the car.
- To be sure to act correctly, find the car's operating manual and check the wires that go to the relay we need.
- To solve the problem with the relay, you just need to install a new element. You should not skimp on this component. Cheap models break down very quickly.
What to do when the fan runs constantly
There are situations when the cooling radiator works without interruption, both on a hot and cold engine. The reasons can be very different. Now we will look at the main problems and ways to solve them.
- A break in the sensor that monitors the antifreeze temperature readings or its circuits. In this case, the Check engine light comes on. The circuits and sensor are checked with an ohmmeter. The problem is solved by replacing the element with a new one.
- The fan relay contacts open. First, the component is checked with a multimeter and, if necessary, replaced with a new one.
- Malfunctions in the ECU. Check this node on the profile service. If a malfunction is detected, the firmware or the unit is changed completely.
- In VAZ carburetor models, the thermal switch contacts do not open. To check operation, disconnect the terminals from the terminals of this unit - and the fan will stop. In this case, it is necessary to replace the faulty part.
If the tests carried out have not determined why the fan is constantly running, then the only possible way out of the situation is to contact a service center.
Full-fledged service stations, as a rule, conduct a full computer check of the cooling system, which can identify the most difficult to detect faults. The failure can be much more global than a normal fuse failure.
If the usual testing steps do not produce any results, then you should not be afraid to contact the service, and even in cases where you consider yourself an experienced technician. Often, modern equipment and a professional approach significantly reduce the troubleshooting time. Whereas conventional methods would take weeks to determine the problem. Therefore, car services have their own advantages.
In order for the car’s internal combustion engine to operate smoothly in a stable, thermal mode, the cooling system must be properly functioning. If there are interruptions in the operation of this system, this leads to overheating of the engine, as a result of which the cylinder head gasket and CPG parts fail.
The vehicle cooling system consists of:
- radiator,
- BC cooling jackets,
- thermostat,
- connecting pipes and hoses.
- centrifugal pump,
- fan
The most important part of a radiator is its fan. Its function is to forcefully cool, at a certain time, the liquid in the radiator. If the fan does not turn on, then there is no cooling and the entire system suffers. Let's look at the sources of fan malfunctions in the VAZ 2110.
The fan parts are a frame, an impeller and an electric drive.
Below watch the video “VAZ 2110 fan does not turn on.”
The mechanism for turning on the cooling fan in a car with a carburetor
In carburetors, the forced airflow mechanism is activated due to the activation of a sensor located on the radiator body. In VAZ 2110 models, the sensor is configured to achieve a maximum antifreeze temperature of 107°C. When this threshold is reached, the fan switch on sensor is triggered, and the signal from it is sent to the fan relay - the electrical circuit is closed and the electric motor starts.
The mechanism for turning on the cooling fan in a car with an injector
In a VAZ 2110 with an injection engine, the circuit is closed thanks to the temperature sensor (it is located on the thermostat pipe). Upon reaching the specified coolant heating threshold, the signal from this sensor first goes to the controller, and the latter, in turn, transmits a pulse to the relay - after this, the electric motor starts.
If the fan does not work, then the cause of the problem may lie in a malfunction of some element of the cooling system. Let's figure out how to check the VAZ 2110 cooling system for serviceability.
Thermostat
The function of the thermostat in the cooling system is to direct the coolant flow, in a large circle or a small circle. If the engine is still cold, the thermostat valve does not allow antifreeze (or antifreeze) to enter the radiator. Thus, the engine warms up faster.
When the coolant heats up, the thermostat valve allows it to flow into the radiator to cool it down. If the thermostat valve is stuck, then the antifreeze will circulate in a small circle all the time - it will not reach the temperature sensor (in injection engines) or the fan switch sensor (in carburetor engines). In the end, the antifreeze will even boil, but the sensors will not work.
Fan drive
The fan does not turn on, sometimes due to failure of its drive. Checking the drive is quite simple; just disconnect the fan from the electrical circuit of the machine and connect it directly to the battery. If at the same time the fan did not start working, then the cause of the malfunction was in the drive. If the drive works, then the cause of the fan malfunction lies in another element.
Fuse
If the fan drive of the VAZ-2110 is in order, then you need to make sure that the fuse (F-7) has not blown. The check is done with a multimeter, the blown fuse is replaced with a new one.
Checking the fan switch sensor (in carburetor engines) is done as follows:
Turn on the ignition and short-circuit the wires going to this sensor with each other. If the fan starts working, it means there is a fault in the sensor. If it doesn’t work, it means the sensor has nothing to do with it. We are looking further.
Checking the temperature sensor (in injection engines) is done as follows:
Start the engine, when it warms up to operating temperature, disconnect the sensor from the ECU. The ECU will consider this a failure in the cooling system and turn on the fan in emergency mode. If the fan starts working, it means the temperature sensor is broken.
Fan relay
The most difficult thing to diagnose is a faulty fan relay. In the VAZ 2110 it is located in the center console, in an additional installation compartment. To get to the relay, you need to remove the console cover. Under the cover you will see three relays. The cooling fan relay is the device on the left edge. You can check its serviceability only by substituting another, serviceable relay instead.
Replaced the relay, then warm up the engine, as usual, to operating temperature. If the relay does not work (there is no click), then check the wiring.
Expansion tank cap
Sometimes the fan does not turn on due to the integrity of the tank lid. If the tank cap valve is not working properly, then pressure is not built up in the tank, which should be above atmospheric pressure in the system. If the pressure does not reach this level, then the antifreeze begins to boil at 100 degrees, instead of 107 Celsius. Accordingly, the sensor will not work, because it waits for 107 degrees to be reached.
You can only check the tank cap “by eye”, visually. In the conditions of your own garage, it is unlikely to be possible to make an accurate conclusion about its condition.
Wiring
If the cooling fan does not work, it may be due to a simple violation of the integrity of the wiring. We check the wiring with a tester. The broken wire should be found and replaced. As soon as the integrity of the wiring is restored, the cooling fan will start working again. How this is done, see the video below.
Video: VAZ 2110 fan does not turn on, causes of malfunction
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To ensure safe and stable thermal conditions of an internal combustion engine, precise operation of the cooling system is required. The slightest failure will lead to overheating of the engine, which can lead to burnout of the head gasket or failure of the piston group elements.
The radiator fan is one of the key components of a car's cooling system. Its role is to promptly force cool the liquid in the radiator. Problems with turning it on are a common occurrence for our cars.
In this article we will talk about possible reasons why the VAZ-2110 cooling fan does not work, and also consider options for eliminating them. But first, let's understand its design and operating principle.
What is a radiator fan
Structurally, the radiator fan consists of:
- frame (frame);
- drive (electric motor);
- impellers.
An electric motor with an impeller on a shaft is installed inside a rectangular metal frame, with which it is attached to the back of the radiator. When voltage (12 V) is applied to the contacts of the drive, it begins to work, rotating the blades and creating a directed stream of air, which, in fact, cools the antifreeze or antifreeze.
Fan connection diagram in carburetor and injection engines
The control of forced radiator airflow in carburetor and injection engines of the VAZ-2110 is significantly different. Firstly, the radiator located on the body is responsible for everything. It is set to a certain level. Usually this is 105-107 o C. When the coolant heats up to this temperature, the sensor is triggered, sending a signal to the fan relay. It closes the electrical circuit, driving the electric motor.
Turning on the cooling fan of a VAZ-2110 with an injection engine occurs somewhat differently. In engines equipped with an electronic control unit, there is no sensor on the radiator. Its place was taken by the thermostat located on the pipe. When the coolant heats up to a temperature of 105-107 o C, it sends a signal directly to the controller, which makes the decision to turn on the fan. It transmits an electrical impulse to a relay, which turns on the electric drive.
Possible faults
If the VAZ-2110 cooling fan does not work, do not rush to contact a car service center. You can determine the cause of the malfunction yourself. Moreover, it is not at all necessary to have special skills for this.
The cooling system fan may not turn on due to:
- electric drive malfunctions;
- faulty thermostat;
- a failed fan switch (temperature);
- faulty relay;
- broken electrical wiring;
- faulty expansion tank plug.
Checking the fan drive
A common reason for a VAZ-2110 is a malfunction of its drive (electric motor). This may be wear of the brushes, breakage or short circuit of the windings, lack of contact in the connector, etc. It is not difficult to check the drive. To do this, simply disconnect the fan from the car's electrical circuit and connect it directly to the battery. If it does not turn on, the problem is definitely in it, but if the engine starts, you need to continue troubleshooting.
Checking the fuse
If the VAZ-2110 radiator cooling fan is working, the next thing you need to do is check the fuse. It is located in the engine compartment of the car and is designated F7 (20 A). The test is carried out using a car tester (multimeter) turned on in probe mode. If the test confirms that the fuse is not working, it must be replaced.
How to check the thermostat
The function of the thermostat in an internal combustion engine is to regulate the flow of coolant, directing it in either a small or large circle. While the engine is cold, its valve blocks the flow of coolant into the cooling radiator. This allows the engine to warm up faster.
When the coolant warms up, the thermostat valve opens, directing it to the radiator for cooling. If the valve jams, the coolant constantly moves in a small circle, not reaching either the fan switch sensor or the temperature sensor. In this case, the liquid may even boil, but the sensors, being uninvolved in such a circuit, will not work.
Check the thermostat by determining the temperature of its pipes by touch. When the engine is warm, they should all be hot. If the pipe leading from the thermostat to the cooling radiator is cold, the locking device is faulty.
How to check the sensor
One of the most common reasons why the VAZ-2110 cooling fan does not turn on is a non-working sensor for its activation (for carburetor engines) or a temperature sensor (for injection engines). Let's consider ways to check them for different engines.
In a car with a carburetor engine, you must turn on the ignition and short-circuit the two wires going to the sensor. The fan should turn on. If this does not happen, the problem is definitely not with the sensor.
For injection cars, it is necessary to warm up the engine to operating temperature and disconnect the sensor connector, disconnecting it from the vehicle’s on-board network. In this case, the controller must start the fan in emergency mode. The electronic unit perceives this as a failure in the cooling system and forces the fan drive to operate in constant mode. If the drive starts, the sensor is faulty.
Checking the cooling fan relay
The most difficult step in troubleshooting a fan is determining the functionality of its relay. It is only relatively possible to establish its serviceability at home. But you also need to know where the cooling fan relay is located.
And it is located in the additional mounting block of the center console. On the lower left side of the front passenger side there is a plastic cover covering the console. To open it, you need to unscrew four screws. There are three relays under the cover. The leftmost one is responsible for turning on the cooling fan. You can check it only by installing a known-good device in its place. After the engine has warmed up to the sensor response temperature, wait for a characteristic click. If the cooling fan relay does not work, you need to check the wiring.
How to check wiring
Finding a broken conductor in a car's electrical circuit yourself is not at all difficult. It is necessary to check (ring) all wires in the indicated areas with a tester.
For carburetor engines:
- from the switch on sensor to the fan;
- from the fan to the mounting block (fuse);
- from the mounting block to the relay.
For injection engines:
- from the main relay to the fan switch relay;
- from the switching relay to the fan and controller;
- from temperature sensor to controller;
- from the fan to the mounting block (fuse).
If a wiring break is detected, it must be restored, as well as the possible cause of the circuit break must be identified and eliminated.
Expansion tank cap
The last reason why the VAZ-2110 cooling fan does not work may be a malfunction of the expansion tank cap. The fact is that when the engine is running, a pressure above atmospheric pressure is created in the cooling system, due to which the water, which is part of the coolant, does not boil at 100 o C. The expansion tank cap valve is designed to maintain the required pressure. If it fails, the pressure in the system will be equal to atmospheric pressure. This will cause the coolant to begin to boil already at 100 degrees. A sensor designed to turn on at a higher temperature will naturally not work.
It is unlikely that you will be able to check the operation of the cover at home, so if during a visual inspection you have doubts about its functionality, it is better to replace it immediately.
