Training and course combine. Training for tram drivers Is it difficult to learn to be a trolleybus driver

Everyone in their life at least once traveled by bus, trolleybus or tram. And so I thought: what is it like to manage such a large transport, and even chock-full of passengers? Can a simple driver drive a tram, for example?

This is definitely a huge responsibility and psychological stress for the driver. And now it is not uncommon for a woman to drive a trolleybus or tram. Let's look at the features of learning to drive public transport.

Bus driver requirements

Only drivers who have continuous work experience a bus driver (license category “D”) for at least one year and who did not violate traffic rules, which are punishable by deprivation of rights or administrative arrest.

The law does not impose a requirement on the length of service as a bus driver for transporting adult passengers, but a transport company can do this.

Learn to drive a bus

As professionals say, driving a bus is an exciting experience. In addition, it can bring good income.

The first feature of driving a bus is in front of everyone. The bus is a long vehicle and you first need to get used to its dimensions. Agree, driving a minibus is much easier than a huge shuttle bus, 18 meters away.

Due to the size of the bus, all maneuvers from starting, turning to parking and turning should be practiced on a similar vehicle that you plan to drive after training. In training, simulators and stimulators are widely used so that cadets do not break the training transport during the first lesson. After you "fill your hand", you will be able to handle many types of buses.

Before you go to study at a driving school, find out which bus will be trained (make, model). This will allow you to prepare for the first practical lesson psychologically and theoretically. Read on the Internet about this model, find out more information that will interest you.

In bus driving lessons, try to imagine that there are passengers in the cabin, when closing the doors, look in the rear-view mirror so that when the passengers actually disembark, they do not slam the doors. Do not move under any circumstances until the doors are completely closed.

Often in driving schools they try to put the entire group of students on the bus so that there is a complete feeling of movement along the route with passengers. With such classes, in the future it will be easier to get used to a full bus, to mentally tune in.

Having hired you as a bus driver, you will be trained. For the first time, they will “tie” to other buses so that you follow them and study the route and stops.

Learn to drive a trolleybus

Trolleybus is 100% urban public transport. Private traders do not drive a trolleybus. Therefore, it is not possible to train as a trolleybus driver in every city. Trolleybuses are slow urban transport, but more environmentally friendly and economical than buses and trams.

Before you are taken to study as a trolleybus driver, you need to pass an interview with a psychologist. With the help of psychological tests, he will check the candidate for attentiveness and speed of reaction. Then he will issue a conclusion: are you suitable for the profession of a trolley bus driver.

Training goes on continuously, you can’t run to work in the morning, and go to study as a trolley bus driver in the evening, everything here is not like in a regular driving school. But for 6 months of study, they pay a monthly scholarship, about 6 thousand rubles, it all depends on the region.

Training consists of four stages:

• the study of theory (traffic rules, features of safe management, first aid, etc.);
• practical training with an instructor (about one and a half months);
• a theoretical exam in the traffic police, a practical exam with an instructor from an educational organization;
• passenger practice: driving a trolleybus under the guidance of a driver-teacher in real road conditions with passengers (about one and a half months).

There is also a simulator that looks like a trolleybus cabin only without a roof, all in full size, instead of a windshield, a screen showing the panorama of the route.

There are separate simulators for studying the device and operation of the trolleybus.

Requirements for a trolleybus driver

The legislation does not impose requirements on the length of service and education of trolleybus drivers, therefore, in practice, cadets are recruited between the ages of 20 and 40. You can drive a trolleybus from the age of 21.

In addition to traffic rules, a trolleybus driver must know:

• rules for the operation of electrical installations with voltages up to 1000 volts;
• safety precautions for the operation of electrical installations with voltages up to 1000 volts;
• rules for the technical operation of trolleybuses.

A trolleybus driver, like any other driver, must be able to:

• eliminate malfunctions that have arisen along the way that do not require disassembly of the units;
• connect and disconnect rods with current collectors to the contact network;
• fill in specialized documentation related to the operation of the trolleybus.

Learn to drive a tram

Working as a tram driver is similar to working on a trolleybus. It is powered by the mains, only rides on rails. It turns out a mixture of a trolleybus and an electric train. A tram driver is even called a tram driver.

You can find out about courses for tram drivers at the depot, where trams live. Urban transport enterprises train their own personnel, because it is beyond the power and unprofitable for an ordinary driving school. They recruit cadets of different ages, regardless of the presence of higher or special education. You can drive a tram from the age of 21.

The training lasts about six months. They read a theoretical course, then practical exercises. They promise a scholarship, subsequent employment after successfully passing the exams. But your first independent trips will be in the form of an internship under the guidance of an experienced carriage driver.

You will be taught how to repair a tram and the basics of the theory of tram movement (traction coefficients, grip weight of trams, forces acting on a tram in motion in a straight line and on curved sections of the track, and other features).

Often, enterprises that train tram and trolleybus drivers conclude an agreement with their cadets, according to which, after training, they are required to work for several years in public transport. This is done so that you are not in vain paid a scholarship and spending budget money.

The requirements for a carriage driver are the same as for a bus and trolleybus driver.

I would go to the drivers

Before you go to study as a city transport driver, you need to soberly assess your strength yourself: the work of a city transport driver is psychologically difficult, physically stressful. You need to get up on flights early, shift work schedule, sometimes you have to repair vehicles right on the road in adverse weather conditions. It is necessary to monitor both the road and the passengers in the cabin. A lot of specifics and small nuances.

And so, if everything is normal with the psyche and health, why not?! If you like to travel around your hometown for hours, then this is an option for you. Combine business with pleasure, because salary as an average manager 22-25 thousand rubles.

Trams are now so beautiful in the capital! Probably comfortable not only for passengers, but also for carriage drivers? How, by the way, to become a tram driver in Moscow?

To do this, you need to contact the Mosgortrans enterprise - the tram depot. Tram driver courses are organized at the depot.

In general, on the site you can learn a lot of new things. For example, that at the State Unitary Enterprise Mosgortrans there are educational institutions that train working personnel for its enterprises and after which you can continue your studies at universities, get an engineering education

Also at the address Moscow, Krivorozhskaya street, 6 is the Training and production plant. They train drivers of trolleybuses, trams and buses. They pay a scholarship. The training lasts about five months. And then you need to skate about 200 hours in the training car.

The work of a tram driver is very responsible. He gets up, perhaps the earliest in Moscow. The whole day should be in good shape. Even if the control does not seem very complicated, and the dimensions inspire respect for the participants in the movement, but very many try to "offend" the tram. Yes, and passengers are not always grateful. But as they wrote on one forum, if I, they say, do not go to work, no one will know, and if the tram driver does not come out, very many will feel it.

Switching the arrow manually with a crowbar is, alas, a necessary skill for a car driver. Although thousands of tram arrows in Moscow should be translated automatically. But then snow is packed, then water is poured - the automation fails (although there is a version that Mosgortrans saves on maintenance, but he replies that it was Mosvodostok that did not clean the drainage systems ...).

So the job is:
Tram driver for regular urban passenger routes
Employer
Work Schedule: Shift work
Publication date: 05/25/17
Vacancy description:
Salary - from 35 000 rubles
Working hours - changeable
Annual paid leave - 28 calendar days + 12 working days
Requirements: Man Woman
Secondary / secondary vocational / higher education
Work experience from 3 years

On average, a tram driver receives about 45,000 rubles. A pension is provided on preferential terms for work on regular urban passenger routes to drivers of buses, trolleybuses and trams working on regular urban passenger routes upon reaching the age of:

• men - 55 years (with work experience of 20 years);
• women - 50 years (with work experience of 15 years).

As well as providing hot meals, overalls, free travel on public transport, medical care (and regular medical examinations), vouchers to boarding houses - free of charge or for partial payment.

Welcome speech of the Director of the Training and Course Combine

To ensure the transportation of passengers in St. Petersburg, the training of tram and trolleybus drivers is one of the most important tasks in St. Petersburg State Unitary Enterprise Gorelektrotrans. The first train driver training school in the city was organized in 1920. In the future, the task of training drivers was entrusted to the Separate Structural Subdivision "Training and Course Combine". In 2007, the plant continued its work in new, specially equipped classrooms at Grazhdansky pr., 131. Welcome to St. Petersburg State Unitary Enterprise "Gorelectrotrans". We are waiting for everyone who wants to have a good and stable job.

Director of the OSB Educational course complex

Victoria Pavlovna Tolstikova

Study - Profession - Success

How to become a St. Petersburg tram or trolley bus driver?

To do this, it is necessary to undergo training at special courses organized by St. Petersburg State Unitary Enterprise "Gorelectrotrans" within the framework of the Training and Course Combine.

The School for Training and Advanced Training of Car Drivers and Conductors has been preparing personnel for work on the routes of St. Petersburg electric transport for more than 90 years. Currently, the "Training and Course Combine" conducts training in ten classrooms on three floors of the administrative building of the Separate Structural Division "Combined Tram and Trolleybus Park".

Our graduates become drivers of the III category tram and IV category trolleybus. In addition, thanks to the "Training and Course Combine", current drivers have the opportunity to improve their skills to work on a new modern rolling stock purchased by the city for St. Petersburg State Unitary Enterprise Gorelektrotrans. Those wishing to undergo training should contact the tram or trolleybus depot closest to their place of residence. Already from the parks, future students are sent to the "Training Center", where they are interviewed and tested on a universal psychodiagnostic complex, then they undergo a mandatory medical and psychiatric examination. Only after that is enrollment in the study group.

The full course of study consists of two stages - theoretical training with educational practice and internship. The term for the implementation of professional training programs for drivers of the category "Tm" (tram) is 962 hours, (436 hours of theoretical training and 526 industrial training). The term for the implementation of professional training programs for drivers of category "Tb" (trolleybus) is 1066 hours, (432 hours of theoretical training and 634 industrial training).

Training takes place according to approved programs, in specially equipped classes on traffic rules, the arrangement of rolling stock, the basics of traffic safety, etc. Six teachers (Minina V.N., Evtushenko M.K., Semenovich-Semenchuk G.A., Nikolaev I.V., Fomichev Ya.V., Kosolapova N.B.) and four masters (Rozanov A.V., Tyurina N.A., Murnykina O.A., Bolshakova M.A.), as well as qualified specialists from other departments of St. Petersburg State Unitary Enterprise Gorelektrotrans.

Practical training is conducted on twelve specially equipped trolleybus vehicles and ten training cars under the guidance of mentors from the "Training and Course Combine" and drivers of the fifth and sixth category of tram and trolleybus fleets. All current driver mentors have undergone special training and have a certificate for the right to train students.

During practical training, students learn the routes of the park. At the end of the theoretical course and practical training, students take exams at the traffic police and go on an internship. The internship takes place along a specific route of the park under the guidance of an instructor driver, together with passengers, after which they receive the right to work independently on the line.

If desired, anyone who dares to move to work in St. Petersburg can get the profession of a tram or trolleybus driver for free. The main thing is that you are already 21 years old and in good health.

About the employer

St. Petersburg State Unitary Enterprise "Gorelectrotrans" is a monopolist in the field of transportation by urban ground electric transport. Its trams and trolleybuses carry about a million passengers daily, and the company itself employs 11,000 people.

Despite such a large staff, the organization constantly attracts new employees. Those wishing to work as drivers of trams or trolleybuses are sought throughout the country, including those who offer training and work to Amur residents. To get a new profession, it is not necessary to have a driver's license. The main thing is to know a few important points. Before you take action, call Human Resources and communicate your intentions.

Step One: Check Your Health

There are no gender restrictions for this job. Almost half of the drivers of trams and trolleybuses in St. Petersburg are women. But in terms of age and health - there is. According to the Federal Law of the Russian Federation “On Road Safety”, only those who are 21 years old can be hired for such work. Age is not a hindrance? Then you can act. First of all, take certificates that you are not registered in psycho-neurological and narcological dispensaries. It is also important to successfully pass a medical examination, which is organized by the enterprise itself, already in St. Petersburg. But still, before the trip, make sure that everything is in order with your pressure, the vestibular apparatus, whether your eyesight and hearing are good.

Step Two: Theory

After you have received medical certificates stating that you are fit for work, you conclude an apprenticeship agreement with the company, which specifies the conditions for training and further work. First you need to get theoretical knowledge within two - two and a half months in a training course complex. The theoretical course of study includes lectures and classes on traffic rules, electrical, mechanical and pneumatic equipment, and students also study the basics of medicine, legislation and, of course, the main subject of the course - control technology. In addition to pure theory, it also undergoes training on simulators. They allow future drivers to get the basics of transport management.

- One of the layouts is a map of urban traffic, - says director of the training course center Dmitry Petrov.- It measures 2.5 by 5 meters. It includes tram and trolleybus crossings, railway crossings, stops, depots, etc. We also have simulators that imitate tram or trolleybus cabs. Before entering the practice, students take five exams (including an exam in the traffic police) and already generally understand HOW to behave on the road and HOW to drive.

By the way, a scholarship is paid during the training - from 7400 to 9800 rubles. The amount of the scholarship depends on academic achievement. A bed in a hostel and free meals are also provided.

Step Three: Practice

In a trolleybus or tram depot, under the strict guidance of mentors, you first go through an internship.

It lasts 18 - 26 days. After completing the practical training, a driving test (practical) is taken, and then an exam in driving technique (theoretical), explains master of industrial training in tram Mikhail Okulov. - The driving test is entrusted to the specialists of the training and course complex, who can fully evaluate all the skills and abilities acquired by the student in the process of theoretical and practical training. For example, what is a “contact network”, “track facilities”, “speed modes”, “distances”, etc. And only a theoretical exam is taken in the traffic police.

Step four: exam in the traffic police

Step Five: Internship

After obtaining the rights, you are sent for an internship in the park, where you will work in the future: now you carry passengers around the city. Passenger practice on a tram lasts 205 hours, and on a trolley bus - 286 hours. You can already be called a young driver, however, so far without the right to work independently. During this internship, you learn how to drive a tram on a specific route under the guidance of an instructor driver.

By the way, while you are still a “green” driver, your scholarship increases significantly. Interns - tram drivers receive up to 20,700 rubles, interns - trolleybus drivers - up to 22,500 rubles.

Almost half of the drivers of trams and trolleybuses in St. Petersburg are women

Photo by RIA Novosti

After the passenger practice, you pass the exam of the certification commission of the tram or trolleybus fleet. You are awarded the qualification of a driver of the third category for a tram or a driver of the fourth category for a trolleybus. Now you become a full-fledged driver, you get the right to carry passengers on your own and you can improve your skills over time, and your salary will increase accordingly.

By the way, the average salary of St. Petersburg trolley bus drivers is now about 44 thousand rubles, tram drivers - 40 thousand rubles.

Opinions

Alexey Smirnov, driver-mentor of the tram depot No. 1:

- Driver-mentor spends 80% of his time on the line and helps other drivers in this or that situation. You help everyone in word and deed. There can be many problems: an unusual situation on the road, questions about the rolling stock, sometimes there are conflicts with passengers. You have to be a psychologist, a foreman, a locksmith at the same time.

For drivers with an experience of up to three years, we monitor constantly. When training young specialists, the first thing we do is talk about how to behave in different situations on the road, practice actions when foreign objects are found on the rolling stock, and explain how best to talk to hooligans. If I notice that the driver commits some kind of violation, I will definitely go up to him and explain why this cannot be done and what it threatens. Even an inconspicuous violation, such as a slight overspeeding, can cause a wagon to derail.

If you have chosen this profession, you must be prepared for the fact that this is a difficult and very responsible job. It is necessary to be punctual, monitor your health, as we undergo daily medical examinations and annual medical examinations. And, despite the schedule, you need to be able to properly relax.

Lyubov Pylaeva, future tram driver:

I am studying for the second month, soon we will go to practice. There are difficulties, of course. The material is completely new for me, and in a short time it is necessary to memorize as much as possible. In general, the teachers are excellent, they present knowledge in an interesting way. I am already mentally prepared for training practice. I would like to try it as soon as possible, to see the tram itself. We have a very good group, we all help each other. I am not a St. Petersburg person at all, from a small town in the Kaluga region. When I came here, I really liked the trams, and I wanted to become a tram driver.

Oleg Pavlov, future tram driver

I have been living in St. Petersburg for about two years, I came from Orel. I have always wanted to transport people, and the tram is the most beautiful form of transport. You could say it was a childhood dream. So I decided to become a tram driver. For me, there was nothing difficult in studying the theory, anyone can master it. I am a technologist by education, maybe that's why everything is so easy for me. And the most exciting for me were the lessons on electrical equipment - probably because I knew little about it.

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"Get to work! Tram drivers. Alexey BULATOV

"TO WORK WITH THE FIRST COCKS"

It is one thing to sit in the office and tap on the keyboard, and quite another to operate a multi-ton machine, responsible for the lives of dozens of people. Let the tram driver and not the highest paid job, but certainly one of the most responsible and necessary.

You have to take into account a lot of factors. And a professional driver does it on autopilot without hesitation, - shared Yakov Derbenev, a tram driver at the Northern tram depot of EMUP TTU. - The body is in good shape all the time. You are like a service dog: always ready, always armed with your skills and knowledge.

Despite the apparent simplicity, driving a tram is quite difficult. Yes, there is no steering wheel in the cockpit. But on the other hand, there are several doors in the car itself, which, for an inattentive driver, will definitely pinch a passenger. There are still motorists who strive to knock on the car. And we must not forget about the brake system. An abrupt stop can cause standing passengers to fall. In general, not everyone will cope with such a technique. And if you are also someone who likes to sleep longer, then this profession is clearly not for you.

– The first tram leaves the city at 04.26 am. That is, the driver must come to the park already at 04.11 - with the first roosters, - said Yakov Derbenev. - On average, a driver's working day lasts 7-9 hours.

RIDE 200 HOURS ON THE TRAINING CAR

There are several thousand tram drivers in Yekaterinburg. But, despite this, new employees are required regularly. Recruitment for study groups takes place every three months.

– The term of training for tram drivers is 5 months. Trolley bus drivers - 6 months. The average age now, both for the first and for the second, is 30 years old, - explained Elza Efimova, senior master of the training and production center of EMUP "TTU".

Trolleybus drivers in the capital of the Urals are trained on a special computer simulator: the student sits at the dashboard, like a real trolleybus, and drives through the city drawn on the screen. The image of houses and the road is projected onto a large white canvas in front of the dashboard. So the student, under the supervision of a mentor, can work out those exercises that in real urban conditions would lead to traffic jams. Tram drivers have a real training car instead of a computer. In Yekaterinburg, his role is played by the Czech Tatra T3. And in Nizhny Tagil - the Russian Spectrum.

- First, the student skates with an instructor on a training car without passengers for 200 hours, - said Svetlana Ivanova, the driver of the Tagil Tram. – Only after that and after he passes all the exams, he trains with a tram driver in the city

Here's how the training goes: the trainee sits in the driver's seat, and the mentor is located to his right. At first, the cadet is allowed to drive only around the depot. Only after he gains experience will he be allowed to go to the city. At the same time, the mentor will constantly keep his foot on a special pedal: as soon as the trainee makes a mistake, the mentor immediately releases the pedal, stopping the train. But driving skills alone are not enough. The tram driver also needs to have a good theoretical background.

- A tram driver, in principle, should be a smart person. He must know a lot of instructions, he must understand the basics of electrical engineering and how the tram works in general,” added Svetlana Ivanova.

TRAM DRIVER IS ONE OF THE MOST INTERESTING PROFESSIONS

If in Yekaterinburg a new group will be recruited only in October, then in Nizhny Tagil those who wish are invited already now.

- At the moment, the next set of tram drivers is being carried out, - said Alexey Arkhipov, deputy director for general issues of Tagil Tram. - We have vacancies planned for the group that we send for training, that is, jobs are guaranteed for students. Lectures usually start at 4:00 p.m. so that candidates have the opportunity to earn money somewhere in their spare time. In exceptional cases, we temporarily employ students at the enterprise as conductors.

In Nizhny Tagil, tram drivers receive about 14,000 rubles. In Yekaterinburg - about 20. But the amount may be more. It is influenced by a huge number of different factors. Social package provided. As a nice addition - one of the most interesting urban professions. Some, taking a job as a tram driver only for a while, associate their whole lives with it.