Sukhonos is one of the largest geese of the world fauna.
Taxonomy
Russian name -dry nose, dry nose goose
Latin name-Anser cygnoides
English name- Swan goose
Class - Birds (Aves)
Squad – Anseriformes
Family – Ducks (Anatidae)
Genus – Geese (Anser)
Conservation status
Sukhonos is a rare species. According to some data, the total number of the world population of suknosov does not exceed 10,000 individuals. However, other researchers believe (judging by the number of geese in wintering grounds) that the number of swan-nose geese is higher and amounts to at least 50,000 individuals, and some nesting sites of these geese are simply not yet known (for example, in Mongolia).
The dry nasal plant is listed in the International Red Book as a vulnerable species - IUCN(VU).
On the territory of our country, the dry nose is an endangered species; it is in this status that it is listed in the Red Book of Russia. Its number here does not exceed 200 nesting pairs.
The main factors determining the ongoing decline in the number of suknosov are the extreme gullibility and curiosity of geese, as well as the easy accessibility of nesting sites. Of course, the ongoing hunting of suknosov, especially in wintering grounds, also plays a negative role.
Species and man
Sukhonos are very easy to tame and live well in captivity. In China, dry-billed geese were domesticated 3,000 years ago and became the ancestors of the Chinese domestic geese breeds. These domestic geese are significantly larger than their wild ancestors and have a large knob at the base of their beaks.
And residents of the Amur basin to this day collect swan eggs and place them under domestic geese in order to subsequently have an additional source of poultry meat.
Distribution and habitats
The sukhonos lives in the southern parts of Eastern Siberia, northern China and Mongolia. In Russia, its nesting sites are also found in the Middle and Lower Amur region, in Transbaikalia and in the north of Sakhalin. Dry noses live in mountainous and lowland landscapes, but are always associated with rivers or lakes. In the mountains, they nest in the valleys of lakes and floodplains of rivers with pebble banks; in the valleys they inhabit fresh and brackish water bodies with banks overgrown with sedge, reeds and cattails. During migrations and migrations they are found even in dry steppes far from water.
Appearance
Sukhonos is one of the largest (if not the largest) geese of the Anser genus. Its weight ranges from 2.8 to 4.5 kg. Wingspan 160-185 cm. Neck length 81-94 cm (the longest neck among geese of the Anser genus). Males are slightly larger than females. We can say that the largest females are equal in size to the smallest males. The uniqueness of this species is the presence of a heavy, long, black beak (7.5-9.8 cm) with a white border around the base. But the paws are the same as those of all representatives of ducks - bright orange.
Females and males practically do not differ from each other in coloration. The top of the head and the back of the neck are dark brown, the back and sides are brown with brownish transverse stripes. The cheeks and the front of the neck are light, almost white. This sharp bicolor of the neck and head distinguishes the swan-nose from other geese.
Juveniles are paler in color than adults and lack the white border at the base of the beak. 
Lifestyle and social behavior.
Sukhonos are migratory species; their main wintering grounds are in eastern China.
These geese arrive at their nesting sites early, when the snow has not yet melted from the reservoirs. These spring flocks are usually not numerous, no more than 20-40 individuals. In autumn, dry-nose bats often form larger groups. In the autumn, having gathered in a flock before flying away, geese behave very noisily and loudly. From time to time such a flock takes off, makes several circles and lands again. In flight, members of the flock line up at an angle.
Where the dry noses are not disturbed, they are not at all afraid of people, moreover, they show outright curiosity. They fly very close and even make several circles over the object that interests them (a person, a dog). This behavior of dry-nose snakes was described by researchers and hunters in the 19th century; Nowadays it is unlikely that you can meet such trusting, curious and unafraid dry noses anywhere.
Young swan-noses that do not breed stay in flocks all summer and also molt together. During molting, they temporarily lose the ability to fly and, when restless, hide in the water, plunging into it so that only their heads are visible. Thus, they swim to some safe place with dense vegetation and there they quietly crawl ashore. Nesting adult swan moults molt during the brood without leaving it.
Vocalization
Nutrition
The main food of suknosov is herbaceous vegetation, the species composition of which varies depending on the nesting site of a given population. Most often these are succulent shoots of sedge. Geese readily eat larch needles, as well as various berries.
Reproduction, parental behavior and rearing of offspring.
Pairs in dry-nosed bats may form during wintering or during migration.
The nest is made in the grass in a small depression that the female digs; it is lined with dry plant stems and down. In high mountain areas, laying occurs later than in pairs nesting on the plain. They nest either in single pairs or in small colonies (in Mongolia). There are 5-8, usually 5-6, fairly large white eggs in a clutch. Only the female incubates for 28 days. The male remains near the nest all this time. Females incubate very tightly and are especially reluctant to leave the clutch at the end of the incubation period. Sometimes swan beetles are moved away from the nest or brood, imitating the inability to take off.
After the chicks hatch, several broods often join together and walk around accompanied by several adult geese. In case of danger, the chicks hide in the grass if the brood is on land, or dive deeply if in the water.
Sufferers become sexually mature at the age of 2-3 years.
Lifespan
In nature, sukunos live 10-15 years; in captivity they can live up to 25 years.
Life in the Moscow Zoo.
At the zoo, a group of dry-nosed snakes lives on the Big Pond of the Old Territory. Now the group of dry-nosed whales numbers 46 individuals. Sukhonos at the zoo have always reproduced well. However, the reconstruction of the Big Pond “knocked them out of the rut” and for the last 2 years they have produced few offspring (so in the 2015 season there were only 5 goslings). In winter, dry-nose snakes remain on the Big Pond and are not transferred to a warm room.
The feed includes about 1 kg of various plant feeds (compound feed, grain, green feed).Sukhonos (lat. Anser cygnoides)- waterfowl of the duck family
Its habitat is in the territories of inner Mongolia, northern China and southeastern Russia. These are migratory birds, they winter mainly in central and eastern China. Migratory birds are also found in Japan and Korea (here they usually winter in very large numbers), less often in Kazakhstan, Laos, Coastal Siberia, Taiwan, Thailand and Uzbekistan.
Appearance
Sukhonos is a large goose the size of a domestic goose. Weighs from 2.8 to 4.5 kg. The beak of the dry nosed geese is noticeably longer than all other geese. The top of the head and back of the neck are dark brown, the back and sides are brown with brownish transverse stripes, which are larger on the wings and back and smaller on the sides. The cheeks and the front of the neck are light, almost white. The legs are reddish, the beak is black with a white border at the base.
Lifestyle and nutrition
Sukhonos is found in the mountains and steppes. In the mountains it nests in the valleys of lakes and floodplains of rivers with pebble banks; in the valleys it inhabits fresh and brackish water bodies with banks overgrown with sedge, reeds and cattails. It also settles in meadows near rivers and lakes. During the migration period it is found in the steppes far from water. It arrives at nesting sites in early spring, when the ice has not yet cleared from the reservoirs.
The main food of dry noses is sedge. It also feeds on larch needles and berries.
Sukhonos is very easily tamed and gets used to it in captivity. This goose was domesticated in China more than 3,000 years ago and began to be successfully bred in captivity. This is how the Chinese domestic goose was bred, differing from its ancestor in its larger size, as well as a massive bump at the base of its beak.
Anser cygnoides (Linnaeus, )
- Anser cygnoid
| Taxonomy on Wikispecies | Images on Wikimedia Commons |
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The Red Book of Russia the species disappears |
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| Species information Sukhonos Online |
general characteristics[ | ]
The sukhonos is a large goose the size of a domestic goose, resembling a bean goose in appearance. Weighs from 2.8 to 4.5 kg. The beak of the dry nose is noticeably longer than the beaks of all other geese. The top of the head and back of the neck are dark brown, the back and sides are brown with brownish transverse stripes, which are larger on the wings and back and smaller on the sides. The cheeks and the front of the neck are light, almost white. The legs are reddish, the beak is black with a white border at the base.
Spreading[ | ]
The sukhonos lives in the southern parts of Eastern Siberia, northern China and Mongolia. In Russia, its nesting grounds are found in the Middle and Lower Amur region, as well as in Transbaikalia and northern Sakhalin, in the Jewish Autonomous Region. Winters in eastern China, with individual individuals observed from time to time in Korea and Japan. The total population of dry-nosed whales has been steadily declining, currently amounting to about 10,000 individuals.
Lifestyle [ | ]
Sukhonos is found in the mountains and steppes. In the mountains it nests in the valleys of lakes and floodplains of rivers with pebble banks; in the valleys it inhabits fresh and brackish water bodies with banks overgrown with sedge, reeds and cattails. It also settles in meadows near rivers and lakes. During the migration period it is found in the steppes far from water. It arrives at nesting sites in early spring, when the ice has not yet cleared from the reservoirs.
Nutrition [ | ]
Dry goose. Coin of the Bank of Russia - Series: “Red Book”, silver, 1 ruble, 2006
The main food of sukhonos is sedge. It also feeds on larch needles and berries.
Reproduction [ | ]
There are 5-8 eggs in a clutch. Hatched broods of chicks unite with each other and walk on the banks of ponds with tall grass, mainly sedge, accompanied by several adult birds. in case of danger, the chicks of suknosov, if they are on land, hide in the grass. If on the water, they can dive deep.
