One of the areas of maintaining the combat power of the Armed Forces at the level necessary to ensure the defense capability of the state is improving the system of recruiting military positions for soldiers, sailors, sergeants and foremen. What does the analysis of the situation show, what changes are taking place here today?
The development of methodological and organizational foundations for determining the similarity of military registration (MRT) and civilian specialties of higher and secondary vocational education is carried out under the leadership of the General Staff. From 2011 to 2013, research work was carried out for this purpose under the code name “Student”. And from 2014 to the present, the “Student-2” study has been conducted.
Motivation for service
The relevance of determining the similarities between military registration and civilian specialties of higher and secondary vocational education is due to several circumstances.
“Military service becomes a professional school, increasing the specialist’s chances in the labor market after transfer to the reserve”
An important feature of conscription for military service in recent years has been the fact that more and more young men with higher education are in the ranks. If ten years ago there were only about 12 percent of them, then in 2014 - already 19.5, and in 2015 - 23. More than 40 percent of those called up are persons with secondary vocational education. Such military personnel adapt faster and can successfully master complex high-tech military occupational specialties in one year.
Of course, fulfilling official duties in related VUS will be attractive for this contingent. Military service, requiring the expansion of knowledge, development of skills and abilities acquired in educational organizations, simultaneously becomes a school of professional growth. This increases competitiveness in the labor market after retirement. Taking into account the specialty in accordance with the education received, the length of service in the Armed Forces as work experience becomes a significant factor that increases the motivation of citizens for military work.
But it is equally important that this approach to staffing military positions allows:
reduce the forces, means and time required to prepare for the performance of duties in military positions, which is very important for maintaining the combat readiness and combat effectiveness of units;
reach the required level of combat training through theoretical and practical knowledge acquired before conscription;
create the prerequisites for competent maintenance and trouble-free operation of assigned weapons and military equipment.
Such young men will be more successful in their military service; they can form the most prepared part of the mobilization reserve.
As is known, the procedure for conscription service for persons with secondary vocational and higher education (in military specialties related to their civilian ones) is determined by a number of regulatory documents. But the term “related specialties”, present in these documents, despite its apparent obviousness, causes certain difficulties in practical application. And to staff troops (forces) with personnel, a clear list developed using scientifically based methodology is required. Moreover, military registration and civilian specialties of higher and secondary vocational education have varying degrees of relatedness (similarity).
By order of the State Medical University, the Scientific and Practical Center of the Military Academy of the General Staff of the Armed Forces of the Russian Federation, together with research organizations and universities of the Ministry of Defense, summarized domestic and foreign experience.
As a tool for describing military and civilian specialties in a unified system of codes with a view to subsequently determining the indicator of their similarity (kinship), a unified scheme for expert professional studies is proposed.
Interchangeability Documents
The developed technology for determining similarity was used in the development of two regulatory documents.
Firstly, this is the “List of permitted replacements for military specialties and military positions to be filled by citizens with higher education conscripted for military service.” It includes 209 military and 199 civilian higher education specialties.
Secondly, the draft “List of permitted replacements for military specialties and military positions subject to replacement by citizens with secondary vocational education conscripted for military service.” It contains 137 military and 82 civilian specialties of secondary vocational education.
The first document was successfully tested and put into effect by the instructions of the General Staff of the RF Armed Forces.
But some problems also arose. Despite the generally positive reviews about the results of using the “List of Allowed Substitutions,” it must be admitted that the document turned out to be quite voluminous and cumbersome in paper version. This significantly complicates its use in military commissariats when conducting professional selection events, taking into account time constraints.
Currently, the selection procedure for similar military and civilian specialties is being automated. At the request of State Medical University, the Research and Production Center "DIP" developed a prototype of a software tool integrated into the unified automated workstation complex SPO "Otbor-V". It is planned to carry out its examination with the involvement of specialists from the 27th Central Research Institute of the Ministry of Defense of the Russian Federation and its practical verification.
This year, a final regulatory document should be developed - a draft Instruction for military commissariats, formations and military units on the application of the “Statement of Allowed Replacement” for the military service and military positions of soldiers, sailors, sergeants and foremen, subject to replacement by citizens with higher and secondary vocational education, conscripted for military service.
The urgency of the problem is determined by the interests of both the Armed Forces in terms of their recruitment, and the economic complex of the state. There is an obvious need for a unified system for describing military and civilian professions for the purpose of their subsequent classification, comparison, and identification of similar (related) specialties.
Certain steps in this direction have already been taken. In 2015, the Ministry of Labor and Social Protection developed a “Directory of new and promising professions in demand on the labor market,” including those requiring secondary vocational education. It includes brief descriptions of 1,620 specialties and professions, indicating the required levels of training.
For military professional information, a similar reference book with the addition of similar (related) military specialties seems to be very useful. Such work can be carried out as an interdepartmental study in the period 2017–2019, and one of the research and production companies is proposed as an experimental site.
Victor Glotov,
Head of the 2nd Directorate of GOMU of the General Staff of the Armed Forces of the Russian Federation, Major General
Question:
Good afternoon I am going to serve under a contract, I served my military service in the NVVKU (Novosibirsk) as an operator of unmanned aerial vehicles, and then served in the 22nd Guards Special Forces Brigade. Now I’m waiting for a relationship in Sevastopol with my group commander who went there to serve as a company commander. I have a higher legal education (BYUI of the Ministry of Internal Affairs of the Russian Federation) with a degree in Law and graduated in absentia from a branch of a Moscow university with a degree in management and financial accounting. I know that now there are additional payments for legal education and there is an opportunity to obtain the rank of warrant officer or officer. How can I realize my civilian education, how can I correctly build the beginning of my service and send requests in the form of reports for a salary increase and obtaining a military rank as a warrant officer or officer? There I will hold the position of operator of unmanned aerial vehicles and will soon go to study in Kolomna to train on new types of drones.
Ilya, 23 years old, Barnaul
Answer:
Ilya, hello. In accordance with paragraphs. 2 - 4 tbsp. 21 "Regulations on the procedure for military service", approved by Decree of the President of the Russian Federation dated September 16, 1999 No. 1237 (as amended on October 20, 2015) "Issues of military service", the military rank of lieutenant is awarded to:
a serviceman who does not have the military rank of officer, or a serviceman who has the military rank of junior lieutenant, regardless of the length of military service in this military rank, who has graduated from a higher or secondary military educational institution - upon graduation from the said educational institution;
a citizen who graduated from a federal state educational organization of higher education and completed training in a military training program at a military training center at this educational organization - on the day following the day of issuance of the order on graduation from the specified educational organization;
a citizen who has successfully completed training in the military training program for reserve officers at the military department at the federal state educational organization of higher education and graduated from the specified educational organization - when enlisting in the reserve;
a citizen (military soldier) who does not have the military rank of officer, who has a higher education related to the relevant military specialty, and who entered military service under a contract for a military position for which the state provides for the military rank of officer - upon appointment to the corresponding military position;
a military man who does not have the military rank of officer, is serving under a contract, has a higher education related to the relevant military specialty, and is appointed to a military position for which the state provides for the military rank of officer - upon appointment to the corresponding military position;
for a citizen who is in the reserve, does not have the military rank of officer, and has a higher education - at the end of military training and after passing the relevant tests;
The military rank of junior lieutenant is awarded to:
for a military man who has completed training courses for junior officers and has a secondary general education - upon graduation from the specified educational institution;
a citizen (military soldier) who does not have the military rank of officer, who has a secondary vocational education related to the relevant military specialty, and who entered military service under a contract for a military position for which the state provides for the military rank of officer - upon appointment to the corresponding military position;
a military serviceman who does not have the military rank of officer, is undergoing military service under a contract, has a secondary vocational education related to the relevant military specialty, and is appointed to a military position for which the state provides for the military rank of officer - upon appointment to the corresponding military position;
for a citizen who is in the reserve, does not have the military rank of officer, and has a secondary vocational education - at the end of military training and after passing the relevant tests;
a military personnel who does not have the military rank of officer, undergoing military service under a contract in the Foreign Intelligence Service of the Russian Federation, the Federal Security Service of the Russian Federation, the Federal Security Service of the Russian Federation or the Special Objects Service under the President of the Russian Federation - in the manner determined by the heads of these bodies, according to completion of training under a training program as part of a training group or simultaneously with entry into military service, subject to subsequent training during the first year of service.
The military rank of warrant officer (midshipman) is awarded to:
a serviceman who does not have the military rank of warrant officer (midshipman), who is serving under a contract, has a higher or secondary vocational education related to the relevant military specialty, and is appointed to a military position for which the state provides for the military rank of warrant officer (midshipman), - if appointment to the appropriate military position.
According to paragraphs. "e" clause 74 "The procedure for providing monetary allowances to military personnel of the Armed Forces of the Russian Federation", approved by Order of the Minister of Defense of the Russian Federation dated December 30, 2011 No. 2700 (as amended on June 2, 2014, as amended on September 1, 2014) "On approval of the procedure for providing monetary allowances allowances for military personnel of the Armed Forces of the Russian Federation", military personnel undergoing military service under a contract (hereinafter in this section - military personnel), having a higher legal education and holding military positions, the main official duties of which include conducting a legal examination of legal acts and draft legal acts, preparing and editing draft legal acts and their endorsement as a lawyer or executor, a monthly bonus is paid in the following amounts:
those holding military positions in the central apparatus of the Ministry of Defense - 50 percent of the salary for the military position;
holding military positions in military command bodies, branches of the Armed Forces and branches of the Armed Forces, directorates of military districts (fleets), regional commands, associations - 30 percent of the salary for a military position;
holding military positions in formation directorates, military units and organizations of the Armed Forces - 15 percent of the salary for the military position.
Alexander Tomenko, military lawyer
Regulates the types of activities of military personnel, as well as civilians related to service.
A military registration specialty (MSU) is assigned to every active, reserve or retired military member of the armed forces of the Russian Federation, as well as other troops, forces, special services and formations . The specialty is always indicated on the military ID. For example, the entry VUS - 212 956 means “parachute handler for parachute and airborne equipment.”
This is what a military ID looks like (Fig. 1)
The list of military specialties in Russia is regulated by the Decree of the Government of the Russian Federation of December 12, 2007 “On approval of the list...” and two more government resolutions . But these documents are kept classified as “Secret”. Therefore, we have to rely only on random sources.
Sample list
All VUS can be conditionally divided into several groups. The first 2-3 digits of the VUS number indicate the type of military service, and the last 3 digits indicate the direct type of activity.
Military specialties
01 Rocket Forces
02 Motorized rifle, tank troops, airborne forces and marines
021600 Commander of rescue units, civil defense units
03 Artillery and rocket troops
04 Air defense
05 Aviation and air defense troops
061800 Pilot
07 Navy
071404 Use of search and rescue vessels
08 Space Force
10 Engineer Troops (mine clearance, construction of pontoon bridges)
101900 Use of civil defense engineering units for explosive ordnance disposal
11. Chemical, biological and radiation protection of troops
17 Railway troops
178543 Operator
18 Road Troops
22 Operation and construction of military infrastructure facilities
220256 - Aircraft and engine mechanic
25 Supply of clothing and food
250300 - Organization of food supply
250400 - Organization of clothing provision
26 Transport support (by rail, water, air, road and pipeline transport)
262256 Electrical equipment mechanic
29 Mobilization work
290400 Mobilization, registration, conscription and military registration work in military commissariats
31 Financial support
310200 Organization of banking services for troops
36 Psychological service
360202 - Information and educational work
39 Other specialties
390200 Ensuring fire safety
390800 Service dog breeding
Military-civilian specialties
80 Military-humanitarian and pedagogical profile
808200 Sociological work
808500 Teaching of humanities and socio-economic disciplines
82, 83, 84 Repair and operation of various equipment
(84)0791 Senior driver
85 Legal profile
850300 Legal support for military activities
90 Medical, pharmaceutical and veterinary profiles
901300 - Surgeon
902000 - Therapist
902009 - Nutritionist
902100 - Pediatrician
905600 - Hygiene
905000 - Neurologist
902500 Epidemiologist
909100 Veterinary and sanitary provision
Combined arms specialties
(100) Rifle units
(101) Machine gun
108 Cavalry
113 Tank
121 combat infantry vehicles
167 Pontoon-ferrying facilities
171 Logging
200 Search for victims
202 Robotics
203 Rescue operations
Operation, repair and storage of equipment (logistics specialties)
837 Car use
841 floating cars
854 Tractors
866 Food Service
867 Clothing service
869 Troop supply
870 Bakery
872 Baths, laundries and dry cleaners
873 Sewing and repair of clothing
874 Sewing and repairing shoes
Various specialties
900 Staff specialties
901 Financial Service
902 Office work
903 Drawing and graphic works
904 Special Communications
906 For repair of special communications equipment
907 Physical training and sports
908 Road Commandant Service
909 Commandant's offices and checkpoints
912 Clubs and libraries
914 Military Seal
917 Military Bands
918 Ensembles and theaters
922 Typographic works
956 Construction work
958 Heat and gas supply, ventilation and air conditioning
959 Refrigeration equipment and installations
960 Water supply and sewerage
962 Mine hoists and elevators
971 Welding work
976 Painting works
978 Woodworking
Military personnel without military training
998 Fit for military service (with minor restrictions)
999 Limited fit for military service
