Wall newspaper material the importance of biology in human life. Practical significance of biology. The role of bionics for humans The meaning of biology in life briefly

Biology is a system of sciences about living nature. Among the various biological sciences, one of the first, more than two thousand years ago, was the science that studied plants - botany (from the Greek botane - greens) - and animals - zoology (from the Greek zoon - animal - and logos). Advances in the development of biology over time led to the emergence of its various directions, which you will become familiar with in high school.

Each organism lives in a specific environment. Habitat is the part of nature that surrounds living organisms and with which they interact. There are many living organisms around us. These are plants, animals, fungi, bacteria. Each of these groups is studied by a separate biological science.

The importance of biology in human life. Nowadays, humanity is particularly faced with such common problems as protecting health, providing food and preserving the diversity of organisms on our planet. Biology, whose research is aimed at solving these and other issues, closely interacts with medicine, agriculture, industry, in particular food and light, etc.

You all know that when a person gets sick, he uses medicine. Most medicinal substances are obtained from plants or waste products of microorganisms. For example, the lives of hundreds of millions of people were saved by the use of antibiotics (from the Greek anti - against - and bios). They are produced by certain types of fungi and bacteria. Antibiotics kill the causative agents of many dangerous diseases in humans and animals.

Biology also plays an important role in providing food for humanity. Scientists are creating new high-yielding plant varieties and animal breeds, which makes it possible to obtain more food. Biologists' research is aimed at preserving and increasing soil fertility, which ensures high yields. Living organisms are also widely used in industry. For example, people get yogurt, kefir, and cheeses thanks to the activity of certain types of bacteria and fungi.

However, active and often ill-considered human economic activity has led to significant pollution of the environment with substances harmful to all living things, to the destruction of forests, virgin steppes, and reservoirs. Over the past centuries, thousands of species of animals, plants and fungi have disappeared, and tens of thousands are on the verge of extinction. But the disappearance of even one species of organisms means an irreversible loss for the biological diversity of our planet. Therefore, scientists create lists of species of plants, animals and fungi that need protection (the so-called Red Books), and also identify areas where these species are protected (reserves, national natural parks, etc.).

Thus, biology is a science designed to convince people through its research of the need to respect nature and comply with its laws. Therefore, it is considered the science of the future.

1. Chemical composition. Living organisms consist of the same chemical elements as nonliving ones, but organisms contain molecules of substances characteristic only of living things (nucleic acids, proteins, lipids).

2. Discretion and integrity. Any biological system (cell, organism, species) consists of individual parts, i.e. discrete. The interaction of these parts forms an integral system (for example, the body includes individual organs).

3. Structural organization. All living systems are a complex of complex self-regulating metabolic processes occurring in a certain order, aimed at maintaining a constant internal environment.

4. Irritability and movement. All living things react to external influences due to the property irritability. For example, plants respond to stimuli in the form of tropisms (changes in the direction of growth towards light). Animals respond to influence with movement (they run away at the sight of danger, move towards food, etc.).

5. Self-regulation and homeostasis. The action of environmental stimuli leads to changes in the state of the body. The body's ability to withstand environmental influences is ensured by homeostasis. Homeostasis– constancy of the internal environment of the body. Homeostasis is maintained by the coordinated activity of cells, tissues and organs of the body, which is a sign of self-regulation.

6. Metabolism and energy. Living organisms are open systems that exchange matter and energy with the environment.

7. Self-reproduction and self-renewal. Self-reproduction is realized through different forms of reproduction (asexual and sexual). Self-renewal is the process of creating new cells and destroying unnecessary ones in one organism.

8. It is characteristic of a living organism heredity, which provided by the properties of the DNA molecule. In this case, disturbances may occur that lead to changes in characteristics in descendants - variability.

9. Growth and development. Organisms inherit genetic information about the development of certain characteristics from their parents. This happens during individual development - ontogeny. At a certain stage of ontogenesis, height body - an increase in size due to the biosynthesis of new molecules and an increase in the number of cells. Growth is accompanied development– an irreversible process of change from birth to death.

10. Evolution. Evolution is the process of development and change in life forms, characterized by an increase in the level of organization of representatives of subsequent generations compared to previous generations.

4. Practical significance of biology

Biological knowledge is extremely important because biology serves as a theoretical basis for many scientific and applied areas - medicine, agriculture, biotechnology, etc.

Hippocrates also noted: “It is necessary that every physician understand nature.” All medical sciences use biological knowledge. For example, advances in molecular biology, biochemistry and microbiology make it possible to combat various human diseases at the cellular level. Thus, the microbiological industry produces many antibiotics that help fight various human diseases.

Knowledge of the laws of genetics makes it possible to obtain new highly productive plant varieties and animal breeds. Knowledge of the ecology of commercial animal species (for example, fish) allows you to plan their catch rates that do not reduce natural productivity. In recent years, much attention has been paid to the creation of genetically modified organisms, including food products (soybeans, tomatoes, potatoes, etc.). Compared to the original forms, they are more productive, resistant to diseases, etc. With the participation of biologists, activities are carried out for the introduction (settlement in new habitats) and acclimatization of plants and animals.

By observing the condition of plants and animals, biologists assess the ecological situation in a particular region, assessing the human habitat.

The role of biology in modern society

The role of biology in modern reality is difficult to overestimate, because it studies in detail human life in all its manifestations. Currently, this science combines such important concepts as evolution, cell theory, genetics, homeostasis and energy. Its functions include the study of the development of all living things, namely: the structure of organisms, their behavior, as well as relationships among themselves and the relationship with the environment.

The importance of biology in human life becomes clear if we draw a parallel between the main problems of an individual’s life, for example, health, nutrition, and the choice of optimal living conditions. Today, there are numerous sciences that have separated from biology, becoming no less important and independent. These include zoology, botany, microbiology, and virology. Of these, it is difficult to single out the most significant; they all represent a complex of the most valuable fundamental knowledge accumulated by civilization.

Outstanding scientists worked in this field of knowledge, such as Claudius Galen, Hippocrates, Carl Linnaeus, Charles Darwin, Alexander Oparin, Ilya Mechnikov and many others. Thanks to their discoveries, especially the study of living organisms, the science of morphology appeared, as well as physiology, which collected knowledge about the systems of organisms of living beings. Genetics has played an invaluable role in the development of hereditary diseases.

Biology has become a solid foundation in medicine, sociology and ecology. It is important that this science, like any other, is not static, but is constantly updated with new knowledge, which is transformed in the form of new biological theories and laws.

The role of biology in modern society, and especially in medicine, is invaluable. It was with its help that methods of treating bacteriological and rapidly spreading viral diseases were found. Every time we think about the role of biology in modern society, we remember that it was thanks to the heroism of medical biologists that the centers of terrible epidemics disappeared from planet Earth: plague, cholera, typhoid fever, anthrax, smallpox and others no less life-threatening diseases.

We can safely say, based on the facts, that the role of biology in modern society is growing continuously. It is impossible to imagine modern life without selection, genetic research, production of new food products, and environmentally friendly energy sources.

The main importance of biology is that it represents the foundation and theoretical basis for many promising sciences, such as genetic engineering and bionics. She owns a great discovery - deciphering the human genome. A direction such as biotechnology was also created on the basis of knowledge combined in biology. Currently, technologies of this nature make it possible to create safe medicines for prevention and treatment that do not harm the body. As a result, it is possible to increase not only life expectancy, but also its quality.

The role of biology in modern society lies in the fact that there are areas where its knowledge is simply necessary, for example, the pharmaceutical industry, gerontology, criminology, agriculture, construction, and space exploration.

The unstable environmental situation on Earth requires a rethinking of production activities, and the importance of biology in human life is moving to a new level. Every year we become witnesses of large-scale disasters that affect both the poorest countries and highly developed ones. They are largely caused by the growth of the planet's population, unreasonable use of energy sources, as well as existing economic and social contradictions in modern society.

The present clearly indicates to us that the very continued existence of civilization is possible only if there is harmony in the environment. Only compliance with biological laws, as well as the widespread use of progressive biotechnologies based on ecological thinking, will ensure natural safe coexistence for all inhabitants of the planet, without exception.

The role of biology in modern society is expressed in the fact that it has now transformed into a real force. Thanks to her knowledge, the prosperity of our planet is possible. That is why, to the question of what is the role of biology in modern society, the answer may be this - it is the cherished key to harmony between nature and man.

The importance of biology in medicine. The connection between biology and medicine

Medicine of the 21st century is almost entirely based on the achievements of biology. Groups of scientists involved in such branches of science as genetics, molecular biology, immunology, and biotechnology contribute to the development of modern methods of combating diseases. This proves the connection between biology and medicine.

Biology plays a big role in the development of medicine

Modern biological discoveries allow humanity to reach a fundamentally new level in the development of medicine. For example, Japanese scientists were able to isolate and naturally propagate stem cells obtained from the tissues of an average man. Such discoveries can undoubtedly influence the medicine of the future.

Experimental biology and medicine are closely related. From the branches of biology, this applies not only to genetics, molecular biology or biotechnology, but also to such fundamental areas as botany, plant physiology, zoology and, of course, human anatomy and physiology. In-depth research into new species of plants and animals can lead to the discovery of harmless, natural ways to combat diseases. Discoveries in the field of anatomy and physiology can lead to qualitative improvements in the process of treatment, rehabilitation or operations.

Problems of medicine

The modern level of medicine is fundamentally different from that which existed 20-30 years ago. The number of child deaths has decreased and life expectancy has increased. But still, today some issues cannot be resolved even by the best doctors.

Perhaps the biggest problem in modern medicine is funding. The discovery of new drugs, the creation of prosthetics, the cultivation of organs and tissues - all this requires fantastic costs. This problem also affects the patients themselves. Most complex surgeries require a large sum of money, and some drugs cost almost an entire month's salary. The development of biology and discoveries in many of its areas can lead to a qualitative leap in medicine, which will become cheaper, but at the same time more perfect.

Basic medicine and biology

The importance of biology in medicine cannot be overestimated: the simplest operations require high skills in the field of practical anatomy. Knowing the structure of a person, the functions of organs, the location of each vessel and nerve - all this is an integral part of studying at any medical university.

Surgery is just one of the areas of modern medicine. Thanks to numerous discoveries in the field of biology, a person can receive specialized and professional treatment. Using the latest equipment, the surgeon is able to perform high-level operations, including organ and tissue transplantation. Already in 2009, the first heart and kidney transplant was performed. All this was achieved with the help of the discoveries of biologists, so the role of biology in medicine is undeniable.

Genetics in medicine

The great importance of biology in medicine is also associated with the study of hereditary human diseases. By studying the transmission of genes from generation to generation, scientists have been able to discover a number of genetic diseases. This also includes the most dangerous of them: Down syndrome, cystic fibrosis, hemophilia.

Today it has become possible to predict the occurrence of genetic diseases in a child. If a couple wants to analyze whether similar diseases are possible in their children, they can contact special clinics. There, having studied the family tree of the parents, they can calculate the percentage of occurrence of abnormalities in the baby.

Human genome sequencing

Reading the human genome is one of the most important tasks of modern biology. It was solved by 2008, but the properties of this genome have not been fully studied. It is assumed that in the future it will be possible to switch to personal medicine using an individual passport of the human genome. Why is it so important to know the genetic sequence?

Each person is an individual organism. A drug that can cure a disease in one person may cause side effects in another. Today, doctors cannot accurately predict whether negative consequences will occur when exposed to a particular antibiotic or medication. If the genome of each person is completely deciphered, the course of treatment will be selected individually for each patient. This will not only increase the effectiveness of therapy, but also help avoid side effects of drugs.

Genome sequencing of bacteria, plants and animals is already bearing fruit. Modern biologists are able to use the genes of other organisms for their own purposes. Here, the role of biology in medicine is due to the fact that genes beneficial to humans can help in the treatment of many diseases. Thus, bacteria that synthesize natural insulin are no longer a fiction. Moreover, insulin production is carried out on an industrial scale in special factories, where bacteria are specially cultivated and their strains are used to produce the desired hormone. As a result, a person with diabetes can maintain normal life activities.

Biotechnology is the future of medicine

Biotechnology is a young and at the same time one of the most important branches of biology. At the present stage of development of medicine, many ways to combat diseases have already been discovered. Among them are antibiotics, drugs of animal and plant origin, chemicals, and vaccines. However, there is a problem in which the effectiveness of some antibiotics and medications decreases over time. This is due to the fact that microorganisms, especially bacteria and viruses, constantly mutate, adapting to new methods of combating drugs.

Biotechnology in the future will make it possible to change the structure of substances, creating new types of medicines. For example, it will be possible to carry out a conformational change in the penicillin molecule, as a result of which we will obtain another substance with the same properties.

Tumor diseases are an acute problem in modern medicine. Fighting cancer cells is a top priority for scientists around the world. Today, substances are known that can suppress tumor development. These include bleomycin and anthracycline. However, the main problem is that the use of such drugs can lead to disruption and cardiac arrest. It is believed that changing the structure of bleomycin and anthracycline will eliminate unwanted effects on the human body. This only confirms the great importance of biology in medicine.

Use of stem cells

Today, many scientists believe that stem cells are the path to eternal youth. This is due to their specific properties.

Stem cells are capable of differentiating into absolutely any cells and tissues of the body. They can give rise to blood cells, nerve cells, bone and muscle cells. The human embryo consists entirely of stem cells, which is explained by the need for constant division and construction of organ and tissue systems. With age, the number of stem cells in the human body decreases, which is one of the causes of aging.

When transplanting organs and tissues, there is a problem of rejection of foreign cells by the body. This can sometimes lead to death. To avoid this situation, scientists have attempted to grow organs from human stem cells. This method opens up great prospects for transplantology, since organs synthesized from the patient’s cells will not be rejected by the patient’s body.

Biology in modern medicine

High-quality treatment of diseases directly depends on advances in the field of biology. The enormous importance of biology in medicine is also explained by the fact that modern branches of science are aimed at improving methods of combating human diseases. In the near future, people will be able to recover from cancer, AIDS, and diabetes. Genetic diseases can be circumvented in infancy, and the creation of an ideal person will no longer be a fiction.

Great Soviet Encyclopedia. - M.: Soviet Encyclopedia. 1969-1978.

The importance of biology in human life

People, help me find a site where this question is beautifully described.
If someone understands the Ukrainian language, preferably in Ukrainian.

Mila

Biology is the theoretical basis of medicine, nature conservation and environmental management and is becoming increasingly important in scientific and technological progress as a new productive force. It creates a new technology - biological, which is a prerequisite for a new industrial revolution. Biological culture is part of the general human culture. It manifests itself in the knowledge, worldview of a person and in his actions in relation to living nature. The centuries-old, dramatic history of biology reflects the struggle of views and ideas and absorbs the features of social development at one time or another. On the other hand, natural science knowledge and achievements of the biological sciences have had the most effective influence on the development of society itself from ancient times to the present day. Studying the history of biology will allow us to trace the gradual formation of leading ideas about the development of nature, the triumph of some views and the deserved or undeserved denial of others

Olya basket

1. Modern biology has become a real productive force.
2. Without biological and ecological thinking, the existence of civilization is impossible.
3. Biology to medicine: study and development of methods to combat parasitic, bacteriological, viral diseases, training of specialists.
4. Biology is the foundation of many sciences, including medicine, sociology and ecology.
5. Biotechnology - supplier of raw materials, medicines, and other important resources.
6. Areas of human life where biological knowledge is needed: criminology, gerontology, animal training, agriculture, industry, pharmacy, construction, space, etc.

Send your good work in the knowledge base is simple. Use the form below

Students, graduate students, young scientists who use the knowledge base in their studies and work will be very grateful to you.

Posted on http://www.allbest.ru//

Practical application of biology

Biology is the science of living organisms. It is not surprising that at the beginning of the 21st century it came out on top among other sciences, because achievements in the field of medicine, breeding, and genetics are associated with the discoveries of biologists.

Most of us have not thought about how much the contributions of science can influence the future. Today, scientists have discovered the human genome and can develop new plant varieties and animal breeds. Work is underway on the synthesis of antitumor substances. The medicine of the future will be completely based on biology.

What is the practical significance of general biology? It is important to understand how any cell in the body functions and what processes occur there. You can also find out how cells divide and what the human genome is. Developments in general biology can provide insight into how our bodies function.

The world is now facing a global environmental problem. Here, the practical importance of biology cannot be overestimated, since knowledge of the development features of organisms in nature can greatly help in preserving the environment, including flora and fauna.

Selection and genetic engineering

The problem of hunger affects a huge number of countries. To increase the yield from crops, it was necessary to carry out work to improve the plant genome. Scientists have achieved success in the field of breeding, and now the amount of products obtained from crops has increased several times. The same applies to the development of new breeds of animals. Now a person can breed animals that produce more wool, produce more milk, and have greater mass. This also lies in the practical significance of biology. Genetic engineering and selection are inseparable from each other. Thanks to these two branches of biology, similar results were achieved. The development of new varieties, breeds and strains is directly related to genetics, since the laboratory is working with the genomes of organisms at the DNA level. The genes that humans need are inserted into the genomes of plants, animals and bacteria. As a result, organisms gain resistance to any unfavorable factor, increase their yield, etc.

Molecular biology and medicine

What will the medicine of the future be based on? Determining the nucleotide sequence of the human genome is no longer a myth. A large number of diseases are associated with mutations in genes. Due to any abnormalities in the DNA molecule, people suffer from allergies or may experience side effects of drugs during treatment. All this can be discovered in the near future if we sequence the genome of each individual person and make individual genetic passports. Today there are entire enterprises for the production of medicines or substances necessary for humans. The product technology is based on the use of bacteria. How does this happen? Man has learned to integrate the genes he needs into the genetic information of bacteria. Since prokaryotes divide very quickly, they thereby increase copies of these genes. Such production bacteria are used, for example, in the production of insulin, which means it is very effective.

Evolution

biology evolution organism

The problem of evolution still worries people today. Where do we come from? How did the evolution of organisms on Earth actually occur? To answer these questions, new discoveries in biology are needed. The practical importance of biology is so great that even today scientists have been able to clarify some of the details of evolution. However, they have not yet provided an answer to the main questions of human origin. Unraveling all the secrets of evolution is one of the main goals of modern biology.

Posted on Allbest.ru

Messages: The Meaning of Biology

Biology is a system of sciences that studies living nature. It includes many sciences, the first of which were botany and zoology. This happened more than 2000 years ago. Over time, many trends have emerged, which you will become familiar with later.

Each living organism lives in its own specific environment. It is a part of nature with which animals interact. There are a large number of living organisms around humans: fungi, bacteria, animals and plants. And each group is studied by a separate biological science.

To put it in perspective, biology is a science that, through its research, is designed to convince humanity of caring for nature and compliance with laws. This is the science of the future. Therefore, it is difficult to overestimate the role of biology in the future, because it studies life and all its manifestations in every detail. Modern biology combines such concepts as cell theory, evolution, genetics, energy and homeostasis.

Today, new sciences have separated from biology, which play an important role not only for humanity today, but also in the future. These are genetics, botany, zoology, microbiology, morphology, physiology and virology. They represent a whole complex of valuable, fundamental knowledge accumulated by civilization over the years.

Use of biological knowledge in human everyday life

Today, humanity faces acute problems of protecting health, providing food, preserving the diversity of organisms on the planet and ecology. For example, biology in everyday human life has helped save many lives through the development of antibiotics. Science also helps provide humanity with food - scientists have created high-yielding plant varieties and new breeds of animals. Biologists study soils and develop technologies to preserve and increase their fertility. From mushrooms and bacteria, people learned to make kefir, cheeses and yogurt.

Biological science is a strong foundation in sociology, medicine and ecology. It is constantly updated with knowledge. This is its value. Thanks to biology, people have learned to cure bacteriological and viral diseases. The research efforts were not in vain: the sources of such terrible diseases as typhoid fever, cholera, smallpox and anthrax disappeared from the planet.

The role of biology is constantly growing. Today the human genome has been deciphered, and in the future even greater discoveries await us. This will be helped by such a direction as biotechnology, which aims not only to create safe drugs, but also to increase the quality of life itself.

Compliance with biological laws and the use of biotechnology will ensure safe coexistence for all inhabitants of the planet. In the future, biology will transform into a real force that contributes to the prosperity of the Earth and harmony between man and nature.

We hope that the message on the topic “The Importance of Biology” helped you prepare for the lesson, and you learned the importance of biological knowledge for the future person. You can add your story about the importance of biology using the comment form below.

The twenty-first century is the century of biology, which replaced the century of physics. Biology has become not only the fundamental science of life in all its manifestations, but also a part of human culture and the spirituality of society, which significantly influences all areas of human activity. The importance of modern biology, which is a whole system of life sciences and biosystems, can hardly be overestimated. Biological discoveries of the genetic code, mechanisms of artificial synthesis, recombination and gene transfer, biosynthesis of proteins, stem cells can change medicine, agriculture, industry and nature conservation and provide solutions to global problems of mankind.

A problem is a complex task that requires a solution, but its methods and possible outcome are unknown. Solving scientific problems leads to scientific discoveries. Which of the following human problems can be solved with the help of biological knowledge?

The main global problems of humanity:

Geopolitical (problems of war and peace, terrorism)
Environmental (reduction of biological resources, etc.)
Demographic (for example, population change)
Social (health problems, education)
Economic (energy, non-food raw materials)

The main directions of modern biological research are:

studying the mechanisms of regulation of processes at all levels of the organization of living things in order to understand the laws of life;
studying the laws of existence and development of the biosphere in order to establish harmonious relations between nature and society;
research of biological processes with the aim of constructing new biological and technical systems based on them;
studying the influence of space conditions on the body to clarify the mechanisms of adaptation of living beings to the actions of space factors;
research of biological processes and objects with the aim of using knowledge for the biotechnological production of medicines, food products, raw materials, the use of solar energy, production of environmentally friendly fuel, electricity, nature conservation, determining the possibilities of using food products from genetically modified organisms;
research into the mechanisms of brain activity in order to understand the patterns of regulation of the processes of thinking, memory, emotions, etc.;
studying the mechanisms of heredity and variability with the aim of developing methods for early diagnosis and treatment of hereditary human diseases, treatment of new infectious diseases, research of plant diseases and mechanisms of phytoimmunity;
studying the molecular and cellular reactions of organisms to global catastrophic climate changes on the planet;
studying the patterns of aging of living beings to increase life expectancy and solve problems of human longevity.

So, the 21st century is the century of biology, since major global problems can be solved with the help of biological knowledge.

Relationship between biology and ecology

Ecology (from the Greek οἶκος - house, λόγος - science) is the science of the relationship of living things with each other and with the environment. Ecology arose as a purely biological science, but in our time it has turned into a science about the fundamental properties of ecosystems and their components. One of the first who began to consider ecology as a narrow biological scientific discipline, and as an interdisciplinary science, was the outstanding zoologist and ecologist Odum (1913-2002). In the scientific work “Fundamentals of Ecology” (1953), the scientist proposed a new structural organization, in which ecosystems play a central role. Odum's new concept was a real revolution in ecology.

Modern ecology is an interdisciplinary independent science associated with many other sciences and, above all, biology. Ecological knowledge is necessary for research in botany, zoology, physiology, morphology, systematics, biogeography, evolutionary biology, genetics, biotechnology, since biological systems are open systems that are interconnected with the environment by a triune flow of substances, energy and. At the same time, ecology is a biological science because it studies biological systems and their properties.

At the present stage of development of society, biological and environmental research is united by a common and extremely relevant goal: to provide a general picture of the functioning of nature and to determine the place and role of man in natural processes. The very existence of living nature on our planet and the prosperity of human society depend on how quickly the patterns of existence of ecosystems and the biosphere as a whole are revealed.

So, the nature of interdisciplinary connections between biology and ecology at the present stage of social development is determined by the need to solve global problems of humanity.

What is the significance of biological knowledge for humans?

Biological knowledge is an organized activity in accordance with goals and objectives, the result of which is new knowledge about living nature. To accumulate and process knowledge, biology uses concepts such as scientific fact, hypothesis, theory, law. The complexity of the manifestations of life predetermines the use of a wide variety of methods of biology, physics, chemistry, geography, and mathematics. Among the main methods there are comparative descriptive, experimental, monitoring, modeling and statistical methods.

To conduct research in nature, he advised: “When studying movements, do not forget to draw a conclusion for practice from each fact found, so that your science does not remain unclaimed.” Now, of all the natural sciences, it is biological research that has enormous practical and scientific significance in human life and society. First of all, biological research is important for such branches of human activity as:

So, the 21st century is the century of biology also because there is no area of practical human activity for which the research and achievements of modern biology would not have any significance.