An infectious disease of the genitourinary system caused by the pathogen Trichomonas vaginalis is called trichomonas colpitis or trichomoniasis. In men, the infection affects the urethra, prostate gland and seminal canal. affects the mucous membrane of the vagina, ovaries, and uterus. The disease is progressive, one of the consequences is infertility.
Trichomoniasis infection is an infectious and inflammatory disease transmitted through unprotected sexual intercourse from a carrier or infected person to a healthy person. The incubation period of the disease is up to 1 month.
Symptoms of Trichomonas colpitis are: 
- copious foamy yellowish discharge with an unpleasant odor;
- itching, burning in the groin area;
- painful sensations during sexual intercourse;
- sharp pain when urinating.
After unprotected intercourse, infection occurs, the infection develops in the vaginal environment, inhibiting natural immunity. In a short period of time, the first sign appears - a peculiar foaming yellowish discharge with a specific odor.
At this stage, it is necessary to urgently consult a gynecologist and not self-medicate.
The following symptoms appear with the development of the disease - itching, burning, pain, copious discharge.
Trichomonas can coexist with other pathogenic, opportunistic microorganisms, representing a mixed inflammation. With such an infection, the symptoms of the disease appear taking into account the symptoms of other inflammatory processes.
According to ICD10, urogenital trichomoniasis has a code of A97.0
Trichomonas colpitis in women is a pathology with possible localization throughout the genitourinary system, creating a risk of inflammation of the bladder and cervix. The chronic course of the disease is characterized by symptoms of cystitis and cervical endometritis.
A pathological infectious disease can occur in acute and chronic forms.
The acute form of trichomonas colpitis is characterized by: 
- acute itching in the perineum, external genitalia;
- an increased amount of mucus, which has a foamy consistency, color from yellowish to greenish;
- the smell of the discharge is pronounced, specific and unpleasant;
- there may be itching and irritation of the cervical mucosa, its redness;
- The vaginal walls swell and take on a loose shape.
Unlike the acute, chronic form of colpitis can occur with mild or virtually absent symptoms. This fact makes it extremely difficult to diagnose the infectious process, which often leads to the spread of the inflammatory infection to the organs of the woman’s genitourinary system.
Diagnostics
The vaginal gynecologist determines the diagnosis of trichomoniasis based on:
- examination of the patient;
- complaints;
- the results of the analyzes performed.
Laboratory diagnosis is carried out on the basis of scraping of the cervix, vaginal discharge, and cervical canal.
Symptoms and treatment in women
Initially, the patient’s complaints are recorded and an examination is carried out in a gynecological chair.
When examining a patient with Trichomonas colpitis, the following is observed: 
- swelling, looseness of the vaginal walls;
- bleeding when pressed mechanically;
- copious amounts of mucus on the walls of the vagina;
- redness, itching of the cervix.
The pastiness of the vaginal walls is accompanied by itching of the external genitalia and the inner surface of the vaginal wall. The discharge may be yellowish-foamy or yellowish-green mucus with an unpleasant odor.
Infectious inflammation occurs with itching sensations on the cervix, which causes discomfort.
Drug treatment
Inflammation therapy is the drug relief of the inflammatory process, the destruction of the infectious agent.
Complete recovery depends on parallel therapy between the patient and his sexual partner, otherwise the treatment will not work. In the worst case, the disease will become chronic.
In the treatment of trichomonas 
Colpitis must follow several rules:
- do not drink alcohol during treatment;
- exclude spicy, sweet, salty, smoked foods from the diet.
Drug therapy consists of antibiotics, antibacterial drugs and local therapy. After treatment, a course of restoration of intestinal microflora is carried out to strengthen the protective forces of the immune system.
Self-medication for trichomonas colpitis is dangerous, due to the fact that the causative agent of the disease may coexist with other pathological pathogens of the inflammatory process. In this case, complete relief of the inflammatory process is impossible; there is a risk of the disease becoming latent.
The chronic, latent form is difficult to treat. Advanced inflammation can affect the urinary system, causing chronic cystitis or inflammatory diseases of the cervix. Therapy in this case should be comprehensive, the selection of drugs should be carried out taking into account secondary diseases, and consist of drug therapy for the initial and concomitant diseases. Control tests are prescribed 10 days later, after 2-3 menstruation.
Symptoms and treatment in men
In men, specific colpitis primarily affects the urethra, causing an inflammatory process in the mucous membrane of the urinary canal. An infectious disease is manifested by the following symptoms:
- pain when urinating;
- itching of the genital organ;
- redness of the edge of the vas deferens;
- increased sensitivity of the glans penis;
- mucous secretions.
Self-medication of trichomonas leads to the spread of infection and inflammation of the prostate.
Diagnosis of an infectious disease is carried out by a urologist or venereologist; for this, blood and urine tests are performed, and a smear is taken from the vas deferens.
Drug treatment
Based on the data, drug therapy is carried out, including:
- antibiotic drugs to relieve inflammatory processes;
- antibacterial drugs to suppress infection and its growth;
- drugs to restore intestinal flora;
- vitamins to restore immunity.
A control study is carried out 10 days after the course of therapy and 2 months later.
Prevention
Preventive measures are: 
- protected sexual intercourse;
- timely consultation with a doctor when the first symptoms appear;
- routine visit to the gynecologist;
- exclusion of self-medication;
- treatment of sexual partners;
- carrying out the course of therapy in full;
- control testing.
The main prevention is to avoid unprotected sexual intercourse; at the first symptoms, go to a urologist, gynecologist, or venereologist.
Conclusion
Trichomoniasis is a common infectious inflammation of the vaginal or urethral mucosa, sexually transmitted and leading to inflammation of the entire genitourinary system of men and women. In some cases, people may be carriers of the disease without experiencing symptoms as such. To exclude the disease or carriage, it is necessary to use barrier methods of contraception.
Trichomonas colpitis is one of the most common sexually transmitted diseases. This disease is caused by the protozoan microorganisms Trichomonas, which live in the mucous membrane of the genitourinary system. In men, pathogenic microorganisms can cause inflammation of the urethra, and in women - inflammation of the vagina (colpitis). With trichomonas colpitis, the inflammatory process develops on the mucous membrane of the vaginal walls.
In most cases, infection occurs during unprotected sexual intercourse with an infected partner. But everyday causes of colpitis are also possible - the use of common hygiene items and linen.
There are folk remedies that fight infection and eliminate the inflammatory process in the genitals. It is very important that most of these remedies can be used by expectant mothers.
Causes of Trichomonas infection in men and women
Called by protozoan flagellated microorganisms. They are able to live only on the mucous membranes of the genitourinary system in men and women. These microorganisms do not infect other organ systems, such as the intestines or mouth. In the external environment, Trichomonas also quickly die.
Thus, the main cause of the disease in women and men is unprotected vaginal sex. In rare cases, you can become infected with Trichomonas through household means using common hygiene items, towels, and linen, for example, in a bathhouse or swimming pool. Therefore, you should be careful about personal hygiene.
Concomitant causes of the development of trichomonas infection are decreased immunity and general weakening of the body.
Symptoms of the disease
Symptoms of the disease depend on its form. There are acute and chronic forms of the disease. Acute trichomonas colpitis is manifested by the following symptoms:
- itching and burning in the vagina and in the external genital area;
- redness of the vaginal walls;
- feeling of heaviness in the lower abdomen;
- copious vaginal discharge. The discharge may be whitish-yellow in color, often foamy, may contain blood, and have an unpleasant odor.
If the disease becomes chronic, the symptoms change. The vaginal mucosa becomes normal in color and the discharge practically disappears.
Trichomonas infection of the genital organs in men and women is often accompanied by urethritis - inflammation of the urethra. This is accompanied by pain when urinating. In men, trichomonas infection is most often asymptomatic, so he may not even know there is a problem. Symptoms appear only when Trichomonas affects the urethra - in this case, pain and pain occur when urinating. Long-term Trichomonas infection can lead to male infertility and the development of prostatitis.
The danger of trichomonas colpitis
In women, Trichomonas affects the vagina, cervix and uterine cavity, ovarian cyst, and urethra. In men, the infection develops in the seminal vesicles, epididymis, and urethra. The inflammatory process interferes with the normal functioning of the human genitourinary system.
Long-term infection can lead to the formation of cervical erosion and disruption of the normal functioning of the epithelium. Colpitis is often accompanied by concomitant bacterial infections that can affect the genitourinary system in men and women. Infections and disruption of the normal functioning of the female genital organs can cause infertility.
If Trichomonas colpitis develops in women during pregnancy, the likelihood of spontaneous abortion increases, especially in the early stages of pregnancy.
Diagnosis of the disease
To make a diagnosis, microscopic examination of vaginal discharge, smears from the cervix and urethra is used. Pathogen microorganisms are clearly visible with a conventional light microscope. During a gynecological examination, the condition of the vagina and cervix is assessed.
Treatment of trichomonas colpitis
In addition to taking medications, for the treatment of the disease to be effective, it is important to follow a number of instructions.
It is very important to conduct an examination and, if necessary, parallel treatment of the sexual partner. In men, the examination is carried out by urologists and microscopic examination of urethral discharge is used to make a diagnosis.
During therapy, it is better to refuse sexual contact or use a condom, since there is a high probability of re-infection.
It is important to carry out therapy aimed at treating concomitant disorders and diseases, in particular, bacterial infections of the genitourinary system of men and women, violations of the integrity and normal functioning of the epithelial layer.
Treatment of colpitis during pregnancy
Pregnant women are strictly prohibited from using medications for Trichomonas infection while pregnant. These drugs cross the placental barrier and cause disturbances in the normal development of the fetus. It is especially dangerous to use medications in the first trimester of pregnancy, when all the baby’s organ systems are developing.
However, therapy for the disease must be carried out, since Trichomonas colpitis increases the likelihood of miscarriage. For therapy in this case, you can use traditional medicine. This treatment is not harmful to the health of the expectant mother and fetus. Folk medicines have anti-inflammatory and antimicrobial effects. In particular, to treat the disease during pregnancy, sitz baths with herbal decoctions are used, which have an anti-inflammatory effect and restore the mucous membrane of the vagina and cervix.
Folk remedies for the treatment of the disease
Disease prevention
Prevention of Trichomonas colpitis is similar to the prevention of any sexually transmitted diseases. To prevent Trichomonas infection from occurring, you need to avoid promiscuity and unprotected sex. It is also important for men and women to maintain personal hygiene and not use other people’s or public toiletries.
Trichomonas colpitis is diagnosed in more than 70% of the female population with pathological discharge. The danger of the pathology lies in the fact that its causative agent is very aggressive; under its influence, rapid death of tissue cells occurs. The accumulation of decay products causes a strong inflammatory process that spreads throughout the genitourinary system. Lack of adequate therapy can lead to loss of reproductive health. Routes of transmission, symptoms and treatment are issues that never lose relevance.
Trichomonas colpitis - what is it?
Trichomonas colpitis is an infectious inflammation of the mucous membranes of the vagina and urinary tract, provoked by Trichomonas vaginalis.
Trichomoniasis is an infectious disease caused by the introduction into the body of the pathogenic microbe Trichomonas vaginalis, which belongs to the group of protozoan unicellular flagellates that actively reproduce in a warm, humid environment. The main distinctive feature of trichomonas is that they are a kind of reservoir for other smaller pathogens (candida, gonococcus, myco-, ureaplasma, chlamydia). That is why Trichomonas acts as a monoinfection extremely rarely; mixed pathologies are mainly diagnosed.
Being an integral part of the microflora of the genital organs, trichomonas in small quantities does not pose a danger, but in case of rapid growth it provokes various diseases.
Trichomonas colpitis in women causes inflammation in the vagina, spreading to the uterus, its cervix, ovaries, urethra and other organs.
Routes of infection
The main route of infection with Trichomonas is unprotected sexual contact with a sick partner (for any type of sex). A person can be a carrier of Trichomonas without even realizing it - there are no signs of infection, but transmission occurs.
Causes of occurrence, factors for the development of pathology:
- weak protective functions of the body;
- lack of personal hygiene;
- development of concomitant inflammatory processes of the genitourinary system;
- microtrauma of the genital mucosa;
- presence of other sexually transmitted infections (STIs);
- dysfunction of the endocrine system;
- uncontrolled use of hormonal drugs;
- stressful situations.
In addition, certain eating habits can provoke the rapid growth of microbial colonies. Fried, fatty, spiced foods disrupt the vaginal microflora.
A household route of infection cannot be ruled out. The vital activity of Trichomonas vaginalis in the external environment lasts up to several hours. However, in a humid environment it feels great and can live in ponds, saunas, and swimming pools.
The vertical route of infection (from mother to child - in utero, during passage through the birth canal) is recorded in 5 cases out of 100. This is a high percentage of the probability of infection, and girls are more susceptible.
Clinical picture
The incubation period of the disease ranges from 5 to 30 days. Symptoms depend on the form of the course (acute, subacute, chronic).
Acute trichomonas colpitis is accompanied by a vivid clinical picture:
- purulent foamy discharge with an unpleasant odor from the vagina;
- discomfort when urinating (stinging, pain, burning);
- hyperemia of the vaginal mucosa;
- discomfort in the perineal area;
- blood in the urine;
- pain during intimacy;
- temporary diarrhea.
The woman is bothered by pain in the lower abdomen, often radiating to the lower back, and irregularities in the menstrual cycle are recorded.
Trichomonas colpitis is not diagnosed in men, since it is a purely female disease. However, the stronger sex can be infected with pathogenic microflora during intimate intimacy. The male part of the population, in most cases, is not bothered by the signs of the disease; they become carriers of Trichomonas and are able to transmit it further. This fact is the reason for the high prevalence of the disease.
Interesting! Every year, more than 200 million new cases of infection are recorded worldwide.
The acute stage does not last more than two weeks. After this, the symptoms subside, and a subacute period begins. If therapy is not carried out within two months, the disease becomes chronic.
At this stage, microbes form dangerous alliances with bacteria that populate the microflora of the genital organs; together they suppress beneficial components, which is an “open gate” for the passage of infections higher up. As a result, an inflammatory process of the pelvic organs develops (purulent in nature), which can provoke the development of serious complications.
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Possible complications
The presence of Trichomonas in the female body poses a direct threat to the reproductive system. Lack of therapy can lead to inflammation of the genitourinary system:
- cervicitis (cervical);
- endometritis (endometrium);
- salpingoophoritis (fallopian tubes and ovaries);
- adnexitis (ovaries and appendages);
- cystitis (bladder mucosa);
- pyelonephritis (kidney);
- pelvioperitonitis (pelvic peritoneum).
With Trichomonas colpitis, strong fluctuations in the menstrual cycle are observed. Infected women have a high risk of developing cervical cancer (the disease is often accompanied by purulent discharge).
The clinical picture of these diseases is quite pronounced; patients often treat themselves. However, we should not forget that the cause remains unresolved. Treatment should be carried out by a specialist. Self-prescribing drugs can lead to disastrous consequences.
Patients with trichomonas colpitis automatically fall into the risk zone of infection with the human immunodeficiency virus (HIV).
As the pathology progresses, problems with conception arise - ectopic pregnancies, miscarriage, spontaneous abortion at any stage, infertility.
Often the diagnosis is made during pregnancy. If you do not start timely treatment, serious consequences may occur:
- premature birth;
- chorioamnionitis (inflammation of the walls of the amniotic sac);
- Fetal malnutrition (slow physical development).
If the diagnosis is made in the third trimester and special sanitation is not carried out, then the child becomes infected at the time of passage through the birth canal. It manifests itself as acute symptoms of damage to mucous organs (lungs, eyes, tonsils) and requires urgent treatment.
Only timely diagnosis and adequate therapy can prevent the development of complications.
Diagnostic measures
Diagnosis of Trichomonas colpitis is complicated by the fact that the microbe is able to “pretend” to be a cell of the body and can easily change its mobility, shape, and appearance.
To make a diagnosis, the patient must undergo a set of laboratory tests for Trichomonas.
If characteristic symptoms appear, you should consult a doctor (venereologist, gynecologist). The specialist collects an anamnesis (complaints, symptoms, chronic diseases, previous infectious pathologies), followed by an examination of the genital organs.
Microscopy (genital smear):
- native preparations (determines the presence of microbes by the movement of flagella and undulating membrane);
- colored preparations (identifies Trichomonas by color);
- phase-contrast (allows you to see even motionless pathogens);
- luminescent (based on the use of ultraviolet rays - trichomonas glow against a dark background).
As a rule, these studies are sufficient to make a diagnosis. If they are positive, then you need to start treating the pathology. However, sometimes there may be controversial answers, then other laboratory diagnostic methods are used, which will also help to identify the presence of concomitant infections.
Other methods:
- method of cultivating a pathogenic medium (bacterial inoculation);
- direct immunofluorescence reaction (DIF);
- The polymerase chain reaction (PCR) method detects microbial DNA.
Men should be tested if their partners are diagnosed with Trichomonas. The fact of trichomonas carriage can be established against the background of proceedings regarding the inability to conceive a child, infertility, or erectile dysfunction.
For purulent colpitis, cancer is diagnosed.
How to take tests correctly
The main biological material is a vaginal smear. For more informative results, sexual abstinence is recommended for several days; the woman should not wash herself for 2-3 hours before taking the material. This allows a sufficient number of bacteria to accumulate in the genitourinary organs.
Venous blood is donated on an empty stomach (last meal at least 9 hours before the test). Urine should be morning (first portion).
How to increase the efficiency of analyzes
Due to the fact that the pathogen may be in an inactive phase, its concentration on the mucous membrane is small, so no diagnostic method can cope with the identification task. In medicine, provocation is used to detect trichomonas infection. The most effective are the intramuscular injection of pyrogenal, as well as the local use of silver nitrite.
In response to provocation, the infection actively comes out and can be detected within three days. The next day, tests are prescribed - microscopy, PIF.
Important! Any laboratory diagnostic method has its advantages and disadvantages. None of them gives a 100% guarantee of detecting Trichomonas.
In cases where symptoms of trichomoniasis are present and test results are negative, it is necessary to undergo repeated examination using different methods from different places. It is important to remember that the disease urgently needs treatment in order to avoid problems in the reproductive sphere.
According to statistics obtained by the World Health Organization, approximately every tenth person on the planet suffers from trichomoniasis. This is 50 percent men and about 30 percent women.
The disease is very common, as evidenced by its “popularity” among the world’s population. Every year the number of infected people increases by approximately 170 million people. Because of this, the question of treatment for the disease requires serious consideration.
Equally important is the choice of high-quality and effective medications. The first stage on the path to reducing the number of infected people is having reliable information about this disease, its symptoms and causes, as well as methods of treatment and prevention.
Trichomoniasis or trichomonas colpitis, as it is also called, is an infectious sexual disease that affects the health of men and women. Despite their equal distribution among both sexes, it is in women that the disease manifests itself in the form of an inflammatory process in the vagina, which over time can spread to the urethra, ovaries, uterus or cervix.
As for the male half, the disease manifests itself a little differently: first the urethra becomes inflamed, but over time the infection affects the prostate, seminal vesicles, and epididymis. This disease in men has a slightly different name - trichomonas urethritis, but we will only consider trichomonas colpitis in women.
Untimely or improper treatment of this pathology can lead to a decrease in the immune system, which is fraught with serious consequences for the patient’s body. In rare cases, this may manifest as phagocytosis, infertility, or spontaneous miscarriage. To prevent unpleasant consequences, you need to know about the common causes and symptoms of the disease. It’s not for nothing that people say: “Forewarned is forearmed.”
Causes
There are several causes of Trichomonas colpitis, but the most common of them is infection in the patient’s vagina. During intimate intimacy without the use of contraception, a trichomonas infection can get inside the vagina.
Very often the disease is transmitted from a man who is a carrier of the infection. In addition, there is another way of infection with harmful microorganisms - through household means. It is not considered very common like the first one, but it is still worth giving it its due.
As a rule, little girls who are still careless about the rules of personal hygiene are most often infected through household means. To become infected with bacteria, you do not need to perform any highly complex procedures; you just need to use a towel, washcloth or soap with Trichomonas on the surface.
The disease is very dangerous during pregnancy, since this increases the risk of infection of the undeveloped fetus inside the womb. Sometimes a child can get a pathology during childbirth, when he passes through the birth canal. Moreover, this can happen even when the placental barrier has not been crossed by the bacterium. The infection can also be transmitted to the baby during childbirth through instruments intended for obstetrics.
On a note! When leaving the human body, the bacteria die, and their viability can remain for only 2-3 hours. This is due to the characteristics of Trichomonas, since the bacterium can only develop in a humid environment with a temperature of 37 degrees.
There are also other factors that contribute to the development of the disease:
- failure of the endocrine system;
- consequences of long-term use of potent medications;
- high psycho-emotional stress on the body;
- severe stress;
- weak immunity;
- hormonal imbalance;
- the transfer of serious chronic diseases.
The list of common causes of trichomonas colpitis in women also includes frequent changes of sexual partners. Statistics show that the likelihood of contracting the disease increases approximately fourfold. And if you add to all this ignoring contraception, then the chances increase almost to the skies.
Symptoms and diagnosis
Trichomonas colpitis can manifest itself with many characteristic symptoms, which can appear in both isolated and group cases.
The most common ones include:
With the development of Trichomonas colpitis, pain can spread not only to the woman’s genitals, but also to the lower back or abdomen. Often, individual symptoms directly depend on the area affected by the infection.
Diagnosis of this disease should be carried out by a qualified doctor. For this purpose microscopic examination is used. No injections or surgeries are needed, all you need to do is take a swab from the vagina.
If necessary, the doctor can examine the vaginal walls for concomitant diseases. This is done using a mirror. In rare cases, doctors prescribe a colposcopy to conduct a more detailed examination of the patient’s cervix.
How to cure the disease?
With timely treatment, any disease, including trichomonas colpitis, can be cured much faster, which cannot be said about its transition to a chronic form. Therefore, at the first manifestations of symptoms of this disease, it is necessary to seek help from a gynecologist as soon as possible.
Often, several types of therapy are used to treat colpitis. We are talking about local and general therapy. This combination will allow you to quickly and effectively eliminate all the symptoms associated with this pathology.
In addition to traditional methods of treatment, doctors can also prescribe a therapeutic diet, which consists of avoiding salty, fatty and fried foods. It is also not recommended to drink alcohol, as it weakens the human immune system.
Folk remedies
Many people simply do not trust traditional medicine, preferring to take natural ingredients instead of synthetic substances. Fortunately, there are many folk remedies, thanks to the healing properties of which you can actively fight various types of diseases.
The most effective folk remedies against trichomonas colpitis:
- juice from . This product is enriched with beneficial vitamins and minerals, and its powerful antibacterial effect promotes rapid recovery of the body by stimulating the immune system. You need to take the product 2-3 times a day. Single dose – 1 teaspoon;
- juice from . This plant is famous for its beneficial properties, so it is used to treat many diseases. Trichomonas colpitis is no exception. Take aloe juice 3 times a day. Single dose – 3 tablespoons;
- oil . A home remedy in the form of tampons can have an anti-inflammatory effect on the body. It also eliminates irritation and itching. Use as a regular tampon every day before bed.
By combining several of these methods, the disease can be cured as quickly as possible. At the same time, you need to take care of yourself, because your health is life.
Medicines
Treatment of Trichomonas colpitis is carried out in gynecological or urological dispensaries. During therapy, doctors prohibit their patients from having sexual contact. At the same time, it is necessary to boost the body’s immune system so that it can successfully resist the effects of infection. For this, various immunomodulators and vitamins are used.
As a rule, doctors prescribe the following drugs:
- Urzall, Allylglycer, Kindomon and other herbal medicines;
- Gramicidin;
- Sanazin;
- Nitazol;
- Metronidazole;
- Osarsol;
- Aminoacriquine and other drugs.
The presence of this disease in pregnant women can threaten labor and the full development of the fetus inside the womb. Therefore, when the first symptoms of trichomonas colpitis appear, you must immediately consult a doctor to provide qualified assistance. Self-medication is strictly forbidden, because not only the health of the mother, but also her unborn child is at stake.
Preventive measures
Prevention of Trichomonas colpitis is practically no different from any other disease of the genital organs. There is no need to reinvent the wheel and look for inexplicable and unusual preventive measures.
It is enough just to streamline your sex life, use contraception and observe the rules of personal hygiene. If this has already happened, and intimate intimacy still takes place with the carrier of the infection, then immediately after this you need to treat the surface of the thighs and vagina with a solution of miramistin.
Trichomonas colpitis in women occurs during unprotected sexual intercourse. However, there are known cases of household infection through shared towels and bed linen. Since the causative agent of the disease has the ability to activate the growth of chlamydia, mycoplasma, and staphylococcus, when diagnosed in women, mixed-type infections are detected.
Signs and symptoms
The first signs of Trichomonas colpitis appear clearly, which greatly simplifies diagnosis. A few days after infection, you can notice the first signs:
- 1. Swelling and redness of the genitals;
- 2. The appearance of foul-smelling foamy discharge;
- 3. In the presence of mixed infections, the discharge may have a greenish tint.
There are signs of damage to the urinary system. The main symptoms include a sharp burning pain when emptying the bladder. Examination of the genitals usually reveals a large number of petechial hemorrhages. They are the ones who cause blood-streaked discharge.
Trichomonas colpitis in women without timely treatment can cause dangerous consequences. Among them are disruption of the menstrual cycle and the appearance of genital papillomas. Unpleasant consequences include the formation of ulcers on the inner thighs despite following the rules of hygiene. This is due to the fact that with vaginitis, the volume of production of vaginal lubrication increases and its acidity changes.
After infection of the vaginal tissue, the uterus is next affected, then the ovaries and fallopian tubes. An acute inflammatory process occurs, accompanied by:
- Nagging pain in the back;
- Pain in the lower abdomen;
- Feeling unwell.
These signs make it possible to detect the disease in the acute phase, which lasts 10-14 days. After this, the pronounced symptoms disappear and without proper treatment, Trichomonas colpitis becomes chronic. In some cases, it enters the chronic stage, bypassing the acute stage. In the chronic form of vaginitis, discharge becomes scarce and almost completely stops. The most dangerous consequences of undetected trichomonas colpitis include cervicitis and endometritis. Chronic inflammatory diseases in women lead to problems with conception. The main diseases that provoke secondary infertility in women:
- 1. Trichomonas colpitis;
- 2. Ureaplasmosis;
- 3. Chlamydia;
- 4. Candidiasis;
- 5. Syphilis.
It is important to know! Advanced trichomonas colpitis in women leads to the complete destruction of healthy vaginal flora and further development of inflammation. The pathological process provokes the formation of adhesions in the fallopian tubes, which complicates the advancement of eggs and makes fertilization impossible.
Infection of a woman during the first to third trimester can cause miscarriage, premature birth, or the birth of a child with multiple birth defects.
Causes of infection
The main cause of infection with Trichomonas colpitis is intimate contact with a carrier of the infection without the use of barrier protection. Transmission of trichomonas from person to person also occurs through household means, most often people who do not follow the rules of personal hygiene become infected. To become infected, it is enough to wear the same bathrobe that a carrier of Trichomonas colpitis used.
Vaginitis is considered especially dangerous during pregnancy. Throughout the entire intrauterine period, the fetus remains at high risk of infection. If Trichomonas has not penetrated the placenta, the baby is likely to become infected during childbirth.
It is important to know! Under normal conditions, the lifespan of Trichomonas is limited to three hours, since they need a certain temperature and humidity to continue their life activity and reproduction.
Among the reasons that increase the risk of infection are:
- Disruption of the endocrine system;
- Treatment with hormonal drugs;
- Weakening of the body's defenses;
- Hypothermia;
- Frequent stress.
Women who frequently change sexual partners and ignore the use of condoms are especially at risk of infection.
Methods for diagnosing trichomonas colpitis in women
The first step to identifying the disease is an examination in the gynecologist's chair. A visual examination reveals signs of inflammation of the mucous membranes, as well as the presence of serous plaque that covers its walls.
To develop an effective therapeutic regimen, the doctor gives a referral for laboratory tests. These include blood biochemistry, smears and scrapings of the mucous membrane. The type of pathogen is determined using a PCR blood test and microbiological culture. If necessary, the doctor can refer the patient to specialized specialists - a urologist and a dermatologist.
Treatment
The treatment method for vaginitis is aimed at stopping the inflammatory process and destroying the pathogen. A woman can undergo treatment on an outpatient basis. Hospitalization is necessary only for complications due to trichomonas colpitis, for example, peritonitis or tubo-ovarian abscesses.
Important tip! Both sexual partners must be treated at the same time, otherwise the therapy will not be successful. A partner who does not undergo treatment is a carrier of infection who will infect his partner again and again. Since protective antibodies are not produced against this type of pathogen, the likelihood of recurrent disease is always present.
During treatment, the consumption of alcoholic beverages and intimate contacts should be avoided. Detection of trichomonas vaginitis requires mandatory treatment, even if you feel well. You should not self-medicate, take drugs of dubious origin, or use traditional medicine. All prescriptions must be made by a doctor.
The most effective treatment is drug therapy with antibiotics. To increase the effectiveness of therapy, an integrated approach to the treatment of vaginitis is used. In addition to antibacterial agents, vaginal suppositories, antiprotozoal and anti-inflammatory agents in the form of creams and gels are used.
To destroy the causative agent of the disease in the treatment of trichomonas colpitis, suppositories with an antiseptic are used topically. The most popular drug is Metronidazole. It shows good results not only in the presence of trichomonas, but also in the detection of chlamydia and staphylococcus. The duration of treatment and dosage are calculated individually. If you are intolerant to the active substance or components of the drug, the specialist will recommend other means. Products with proven effectiveness: Ornidazole, Nitazol, Naxojin.
To restore healthy vaginal microflora, the following products are used: Hexicon, Terzhinan, Trichomonacid. Suppositories are administered intravaginally once a day. The duration of treatment is 2-3 weeks. Trichomonacid solution is used to treat the urethra and perianal area. If you strictly follow the doctor's instructions, the probability of a complete recovery is 100%.
Important to remember! After the course of therapy, you will need to take tests again. A woman is considered completely healthy if there are no trichomonas in the vaginal smear and negative PCR results 90 days after the end of treatment.
To restore normal vaginal flora after prolonged use of antibiotics, eubiotics are prescribed. Taking them strengthens local immunity, promotes the growth of beneficial bacteria, and normalizes acidity. It is recommended to take immunostimulants in a course for chronic trichomonas colpitis.
Important video: A frank interview with a gynecologist about the dangers of colpitis for women
How to protect yourself from infection
Every woman should be able to take care of her own health. To avoid infection, long and expensive treatment, it is enough to follow a few simple rules:
- 1. When contacting unfamiliar partners, you must use condoms. The best measure to prevent genital infections is to avoid casual intimate relationships.
- 2. If unprotected sexual intercourse does occur, it is necessary to thoroughly treat the mucous membranes of the genitals with Chlorhexidine or Miramistin.
- 3. You should not use general hygiene products, since a household method of infection cannot be ruled out.
- 4. If possible, you should avoid stressful situations and overwork.
- 5. In the autumn-spring period, you need to take additional vitamin and mineral complexes.
- 6. To strengthen the immune system, you need to review your diet and include fresh vegetables, fruits, and foods rich in vitamins and microelements in your menu.
